Foreign policy of the United States

2397: 4135: 1161: 2716: 3954: 1360: 4199: 2743: 2778:, the U.S. topped the market in global weapon sales for 2015, with $ 40 billion sold. The largest buyers were Qatar, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Pakistan, Israel, the United Arab Emirates and Iraq. In 2020, the United States distributed $ 11.6 billion in military aid, the lowest since 2004. Military aid is one of the main forms of foreign aid, with 23% of American foreign aid in 2020 taking the form of military aid. Afghanistan was the primary recipient of American military aid in the 2010s. In 2022, military aid policy in the United States shifted from Afghanistan to Ukraine following the end of the War in Afghanistan and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. As of 2021, the United States has military bases in at least 80 countries. 3796: 3093:

elsewhere. The authors of the Guidance determined that the United States had to "Field a missile defense system as a shield against accidental missile launches or limited missile strikes by 'international outlaws'" and also must "Find ways to integrate the 'new democracies' of the former Soviet bloc into the U.S.-led system". The National Archive notes that Document 10 of the DPG includes wording about "disarming capabilities to destroy" which is followed by several blacked out words. "This suggests that some of the heavily excised pages in the still-classified DPG drafts may include some discussion of preventive action against threatening nuclear and other WMD programs."

2816: 3121: 3894: 1172: 3227:. Today, counterintelligence is applied in the United States as a tool of national security. Due to its global influence, the United States is considered to be the world's greatest target for intelligence operations. Terrorists, tyrants, foreign adversaries, and economic competitors have all been found to engage in "a range of intelligence activities" directed against the United States. Terrorist organizations such as al Qaeda have been found to employ intelligence practices similar to those of foreign powers, and American counterintelligence operations play a significant role in 1270: 3945:. Those nations with military alliances with the U.S. can spend less on the military since they can count on U.S. protection. This may give a false impression that the U.S. is less peaceful than those nations. A 2013 global poll in 65 countries found that the United States is perceived as the biggest threat to world peace, with 24% of respondents identifying it as such. A majority of Russian respondents named the United States as the greatest threat, as well as significant minorities in China, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Argentina, Greece, Turkey, and Pakistan. 346: 1341: 4316: 11502: 2619: 3821: 2704: 2924: 791:; these included, among other things, observing good faith and justice towards all nations and cultivating peace and harmony with all, excluding both "inveterate antipathies against particular nations, and passionate attachments for others", "steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world", and advocating trade with all nations. Foreign policy in the first years of American independence constituted the balancing of relations with Great Britain and France. The 1091: 2229: 998: 2558: 4072:, "Ultimately, the best strategy to ensure our security and to build a durable peace is to support the advance of democracy elsewhere. Democracies don't attack each other." In one view mentioned by the U.S. State Department, democracy is also good for business. Countries that embrace political reforms are also more likely to pursue economic reforms that improve the productivity of businesses. Accordingly, since the mid-1980s, under President 1835: 2960: 2888: 2942: 2906: 1719: 667: 55: 2870: 2798: 2834: 4392:, a historian of Latin America and the provost of Columbia University, suggests the number of repression victims in Latin America alone far surpassed that of the USSR and its East European satellites during the period 1960 to 1990. W. John Green contends that the United States was an "essential enabler" of "Latin America's political murder habit, bringing out and allowing to flourish some of the region's worst tendencies". 3745: 3258: 1777: 8125:

the Army there, and the Americans later checked off the names of those who had been killed or captured.' Despite Martens later denials of any such intent, these actions almost certainly aided in the death or detention of many innocent people. They also sent a powerful message that the US government agreed with and supported the army's campaign against the PKI, even as that campaign took its terrible toll in human lives.

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production, and building vast quantities of airplanes, ships, tanks, munitions, and, finally, the atomic bomb. The culmination of World War II ended in the defeat of Nazi Germany, and the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The post World War II era saw the rise of the United States as the global leader, which necessitated an effort by the United States to instill liberal democracy around the world.

604:. These agreements are made under the president's power of setting foreign policy, but they are not ratified by the Senate and as a result are not legally binding. In contrast to most other nations, the United States regards treaties and executive agreements as legally distinct. Congress may pass a resolution to enshrine an executive agreement into law, but the constitutionality of this action has been questioned. 4301: 766: 1668: 2607:

are military cooperation agreements that aren't bound by specific terms. The United States military works in cooperation with many national governments, and the United States has approximately 750 military bases in at least 80 different countries. In addition to military agreements, the United States is a member of multiple international disarmament organizations, including the

482:. This strategy entails that the United States maintains military predominance; builds and maintains an extensive network of allies (exemplified by NATO, bilateral alliances and foreign US military bases); integrates other states into US-designed international institutions (such as the IMF, WTO/GATT and World Bank); and limits the spread of nuclear weapons. 3244:

disrupting illegal activities. The use of covert action is controversial within the Intelligence Community due to the potential harm to foreign relations and public image, but most individuals involved in American intelligence cite it as an "essential" option to prevent terrorism, drug trafficking, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

2572:. As of 2022, the stated objective of the Department of Defense is to deter attacks against the United States and its allies in order to protect the American people, expand America's prosperity, and defend democratic values. The department recognizes China as the greatest foreign threat to the United States, with Russia, North Korea, Iran, and 4342:. As "part of a growing assertiveness by Congress about many aspects of Foreign Policy", human rights concerns became a battleground between the Legislative and the Executive branches in the formulation of foreign policy. David Forsythe points to three specific, early examples of Congress interjecting its own thoughts on foreign policy: 557:

and is semi-restrictive on its foreign policy. Third is cooperative security, which requires more involvement throughout the world, occasionally countering threats to the country. Finally is the idea of primacy which seeks to advance the United States well beyond all other nations of the world, placing it first in all matters.

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bipartisan consensus on an agenda of strengthening its position as the number one power. That consensus has since fractured, with Republican and Democratic politicians increasingly calling for a more restrained approach. Foreign policy under the Trump administration involved heightened tensions with Iran, a trade war through

3176:. The Intelligence Community includes 17 offices and bureaus within various executive departments as well as the Central Intelligence Agency. Its stated purpose is to utilize insights, protected information, and understanding of adversaries to advance national security, economic strength, and technological superiority. 4224:, a response is that they were seen as a necessary evil, with the alternatives even worse Communist or fundamentalist dictatorships. David Schmitz says this policy did not serve U.S. interests. Friendly tyrants resisted necessary reforms and destroyed the political center (though not in South Korea), while the ' 2688:. These are countries that are not members of NATO but are granted certain privileges in regard to defense trade and security cooperation, including eligibility for certain trade deals and research collaboration. The president is empowered to designate additional foreign countries as major non-NATO allies. 3678:

perpetrated by the U.S.-backed Guatemalan military. An independent Historical Clarification Commission found that U.S. corporations and government officials "exercised pressure to maintain the country's archaic and unjust socio-economic structure", and that U.S. military assistance had a "significant

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The Intelligence Community provides support for all diplomatic and military action undertaken by the United States and serves to inform government and military decision-making, as well as collecting and analyzing global economic and environmental information. The primary functions of the Intelligence

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The Department of Defense considers cooperation with American allies and partners to be "critical" to achieving American defense objectives. The department makes a distinction between alliances, which are formal military agreements between countries through a treaty, and strategic partnerships, which

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In some cases the arguments against participation include that the United States should maximize its sovereignty and freedom of action, or that ratification would create a basis for lawsuits that would treat American citizens unfairly. In other cases, the debate became involved in domestic political

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The diplomatic policy of the United States is created by the president and carried out by the Department of State. The department's stated mission is to "protect and promote U.S. security, prosperity, and democratic values and shape an international environment in which all Americans can thrive." Its

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with trade relations that are difficult to deconstruct through U.S. American influence. While China's influence in the UAE, Saudi Arabia and Africa is still hindered by commercial and currency-related U.S. trade policies, it is perceived more and more as a peace negotiator than a communist aggressor,

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in 1803 doubled the nation's geographical area. The American policy of neutrality had caused tensions to rise with Britain in the Atlantic and with Native American nations in the frontier. This led to the War of 1812 and helped cement American foreign policy as independent of Europe. After the War of

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argues that part of the explanation was the perception, correct or not, that these states were turning into Communist dictatorships. Also important was the role of rarely transparent United States government agencies, who sometimes mislead or did not fully implement the decisions of elected civilian

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coverage of worldwide human rights violations predominantly focuses on the human rights violations in nations where there is clear U.S. involvement, while having relatively little coverage of the human rights violations in other nations. For example, the bloodiest war in recent time, involving eight

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Overall, the United States is viewed positively by the rest of the world. The Eurasia Group Foundation reported that as of 2021, 85% of respondents from 10 countries have a favorable opinion of the United States and 81% favor American hegemony over Chinese hegemony. Those with an unfavorable view of

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United States foreign policy has been the subject of debate, receiving praise and criticism domestically and abroad. As of 2019, public opinion in the United States is closely divided on American involvement in world affairs. 53% of Americans wish for the United States to be active in world affairs,

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that U.S. missile defenses are designed to secure Washington's nuclear primacy and are chiefly directed at potential rivals, such as Russia and China. The authors note that Washington continues to eschew nuclear first strike and contend that deploying missile defenses "would be valuable primarily in

2594:(AUMF) has granted the president the power to engage in military conflict with any country, organization, or person that was involved in carrying out the September 11 attacks. American presidents have since interpreted the AUMF to authorize military campaigns against terrorist groups associated with 2588:

The Constitution of the United States requires that Congress authorize any military conflict initiated by the president. This has been carried out through formal declarations of war, Congressional authorizations without formal declaration, and through United Nations Security Council Resolutions that

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Canada has historically been a close ally to the United States, and their foreign policies often work in conjunction. The armed forces of Canada and the United States have a high level of interoperability, and domestic air force operations have been fully integrated between the two countries through

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in the 1960s and the democratization of Taiwan and Colombia. Since the 1970s, issues of human rights have become increasingly important in American foreign policy, and several acts of Congress served to restrict foreign aid from governments that "engage in a consistent pattern of gross violations of

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The United States first began distributing regular foreign aid in the aftermath of World War II and the onset of the Cold War. Foreign aid has been used to foster closer relations with foreign nations, strengthen countries that could potentially become future allies and trading partners, and provide

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are applied to the president's powers of foreign policy. Treaties negotiated by the president require ratification by the Senate to take force as United States law. The president's ambassadorial nominations also require Senate approval before taking office. Military actions must first be approved by

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argues that the U.S. is incorrectly blamed for all of the human rights violations perpetrated by U.S.-supported governments. Ferguson writes that there is general agreement that Guatemala was the worst of the U.S.-backed regimes during the Cold War, but the U.S. cannot be credibly blamed for all of

4076:, there has been an increase in levels of foreign direct investment going to emerging market democracies relative to countries that have not undertaken political reforms. Leaked cables in 2010 suggested that the "dark shadow of terrorism still dominates the United States' relations with the world". 4067:

Today the U.S. states that democratic nations best support U.S. national interests. According to the U.S. State Department, "Democracy is the one national interest that helps to secure all the others. Democratically governed nations are more likely to secure the peace, deter aggression, expand open

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The Monroe Doctrine has historically made up the foreign policy of the United States in regard to Latin America. Under this policy, the United States would consider Latin America to be under its sphere of influence and defend Latin American countries from European hostilities. The United States was

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The United States notably does not participate in various international agreements adhered to by almost all other industrialized countries, by almost all the countries of the Americas, or by almost all other countries in the world. With a large population and economy, on a practical level this can

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further tested the international alliances with the U.S. Iran and other larger powers such as India as well as Arab nations did not adopt any of the economic sanctions imposed on Russia but to the contrary, increased their economic and strategic alliances with Russia or China. As China is focussing

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of Britain, and Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union, Roosevelt sent his forces into the Pacific against Japan, then into North Africa against Italy and Germany, and finally into Europe starting with France and Italy in 1944 against the Germans. The American economy roared forward, doubling industrial

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represents established law. Following ratification, the United States incorporates treaty law into the body of U.S. federal law. As a result, Congress can modify or repeal treaties after they are ratified. This can overrule an agreed-upon treaty obligation even if that is seen as a violation of the

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Generally speaking there are 4 schools of thought regarding foreign policy. First is Neo-Isolationists, who believe the United States should maintain a very narrow focus and avoid all involvement in the rest of the world. Second is selective-engagement which avoids all conflicts with other nations,

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states as some of its jurisdictional goals: "export controls, including nonproliferation of nuclear technology and nuclear hardware; measures to foster commercial interaction with foreign nations and to safeguard American business abroad; international commodity agreements; international education;

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of the Department of State, are "to build and sustain a more democratic, secure, and prosperous world for the benefit of the American people and the international community". Liberalism has been a key component of US foreign policy since its independence from Britain. Since the end of World War II,

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a US Embassy official in Jakarta, Robert Martens, had supplied the Indonesian Army with lists containing the names of thousands of PKI officials in the months after the alleged coup attempt. According to the journalist Kathy Kadane, 'As many as 5,000 names were furnished over a period of months to

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This analysis is corroborated by the Pentagon's 1992 Defense Planning Guidance (DPG), prepared by then Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney and his deputies. The DPG declares that the United States should use its power to "prevent the reemergence of a new rival" either on former Soviet territory or

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ruled that the power to make treaties under the U.S. Constitution is a power separate from the other enumerated powers of the federal government, and hence the federal government can use treaties to legislate in areas which would otherwise fall within the exclusive authority of the states. Between

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International opinion about the US has often changed with different executive administrations. For example, in 2009, the French public favored the United States when President Barack Obama (75% favorable) replaced President George W. Bush (42%). After President Donald Trump took the helm in 2017,

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Studies have been devoted to the historical success rate of the U.S. in exporting democracy abroad. Some studies of American intervention have been pessimistic about the overall effectiveness of U.S. efforts to encourage democracy in foreign nations. Until recently, scholars have generally agreed

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to engage in covert action. Covert action is undertaken to influence conditions in foreign countries without evidence of American involvement. This may include enacting propaganda campaigns, offering support to factions within a country, providing logistical assistance to foreign governments, or

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On September 12, 2024, the U.S. disclosed that Russia obtained ballistic missiles from Iran for its war in Ukraine, leading to new sanctions on Russian entities involved. The U.S. also targeted Iran Air and other organizations linked to Iran’s missile activities, though Iran denies supplying the

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The U.S. provides military aid through many channels, including direct funding, support for training, or distribution of military equipment. Military aid spending has varied over time, with spending reaching as high as $ 35 billion in 1952, adjusted for inflation. The United States established a

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recognized as other major foreign threats. Most American troops stationed in foreign countries operate in non-combat roles. As of 2021, about 173,000 troops are deployed in 159 countries. Japan, Germany, and South Korea are host to the largest numbers of American troops due to continued military

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that gives the United States exclusive military access in return for U.S. defense protection and conduct of military foreign affairs (except the declaration of war) and a few billion dollars of aid. These agreements also generally allow citizens of these countries to live and work in the United

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The Middle East region was first proclaimed to be of national interest to the United States during World War II, and relations were secured with Saudi Arabia to secure additional oil supplies. The Middle East continued to be regarded as an area of vital importance to the United States during the

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If we dig behind the rhetoric, it becomes clear that Western support for right-wing coups had little to do with Cold War ideology, and certainly nothing to do with promoting democracy (quite the opposite!); the goal, rather, was to defend Western economic interests. The veil of the Cold War has

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of 1973 limited the ability of the president to use the military without Congressional authorization. Prior to 2001, 125 instances of American presidents using military force without Congressional authorization had been identified. Since 2001, the Authorization for Use of Military Force of 2001

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Foreign assistance is a core component of the State Department's international affairs budget, and aid is considered an essential instrument of U.S. foreign policy. There are four major categories of non-military foreign assistance: bilateral development aid, economic assistance supporting U.S.

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Operation Condor also had the covert support of the US government. Washington provided Condor with military intelligence and training, financial assistance, advanced computers, sophisticated tracking technology, and access to the continental telecommunications system housed in the Panama Canal

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Washington did everything in its power to encourage and facilitate the army-led massacre of alleged PKI members, and U.S. officials worried only that the killing of the party's unarmed supporters might not go far enough, permitting Sukarno to return to power and frustrate the Administration's

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in providing covert assistance to the Indonesian military for the express purpose of the extirpation of the PKI. In July 2016, an international panel of judges ruled the killings constitute crimes against humanity, and that the US, along with other Western governments, were complicit in these

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in 1960s Indonesia, U.S. government officials encouraged and applauded the mass killings while providing covert assistance to the Indonesian military which helped facilitate them. This included the U.S. Embassy in Jakarta supplying Indonesian forces with lists of up to 5,000 names of suspected

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reported on the eve of his first foreign trip as president that the global diplomatic community had devised a strategy of keeping interactions brief, complimenting him, and giving him something he can consider a victory. Before the Trump presidency, foreign policy in the U.S. was the result of

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If the United States launched a nuclear attack against Russia (or China), the targeted country would be left with only a tiny surviving arsenal, if any at all. At that point, even a relatively modest or inefficient missile defense system might well be enough to protect against any retaliatory

3102:, observes that the DPG's second recommendation has also been proceeding on course. "Washington has pursued policies that have ignored Russian interests (and sometimes international law as well) in order to encircle Moscow with military alliances and trade blocs conducive to U.S. interests." 4044:

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Since it became a superpower in the mid-20th century, the United States has primarily carried out defense operations by leading and participating in multilateral coalitions. These coalitions may be constructed around existing defensive alliances, such as NATO, or through separate coalitions

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go to the United States, making it the largest foreign source of U.S. energy imports; Canada is consistently among the top sources for U.S. oil imports, and it is the largest source of U.S. natural gas and electricity imports. Trade between the United States and Canada as well as Mexico is

1152:. American policy was to counter Japan, to force out of China, and to prevent attacking the Soviet Union. Japan reacted with an attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, and the United States was at war with Japan, Germany, and Italy. Instead of the loans given to allies in World War I, the 1068:. American trade policy relied on high tariffs under the Republicans, and reciprocal trade agreements under the Democrats, but in any case exports were at very low levels in the 1930s. Post WWI, the United States entered back into isolation from world events. This was largely due to the 4346:

Subsection (a) of the International Financial Assistance Act of 1977: ensured assistance through international financial institutions would be limited to countries "other than those whose governments engage in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human

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took place during 1898, resulting in the United States claiming Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, and causing Spain to retract claims upon Cuba. Generally speaking the Foreign Policy of the United States during this era was anchored in a policy of wealth building for the nation.

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Roosevelt mentioned four fundamental freedoms, which ought to be enjoyed by people "everywhere in the world"; these included the freedom of speech and religion, as well as freedom from want and fear. Roosevelt helped establish terms for a post-war world among potential allies at the

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direct conflict, but rather supported small proxies that opposed the other. In 1991, the Soviet Union dissolved into separate nations, and the Cold War formally ended as the United States gave separate diplomatic recognition to the Russian Federation and other former Soviet states.

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and the ad hoc arrangements in the area. In 2011, Gates said the United States must serve as the "indispensable nation", for building multilateral cooperation. As of 2022, the Department of Defense considers China to be the greatest threat to the policy goals of the United States.

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A published yearly report by the State Department entitled "Advancing Freedom and Democracy", issued in compliance with ADVANCE Democracy Act of 2007 (earlier the report was known as "Supporting Human Rights and Democracy: The U.S. Record" and was issued in compliance with a 2002

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markets, promote economic development, protect American citizens, combat international terrorism and crime, uphold human and worker rights, avoid humanitarian crises and refugee flows, improve the global environment, and protect human health." According to former U.S. President

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to the text of every treaty that says in effect that the United States intends to abide by the treaty but that if the treaty is found to be in violation of the Constitution, the United States legally is then unable to abide by the treaty since the American signature would be

3216:, monitoring suspected foreign agents, and collecting information on the intentions of foreign intelligence services, while defensive counterintelligence operations include investigating suspected cases of espionage and producing analyses of foreign intelligence threats. 1543:

objectives during the 2022-2026 period include renewing U.S. leadership, promoting global prosperity, strengthening democratic institutions, revitalizing the diplomatic workforce and institutions, and serving U.S. citizens abroad. As of 2022, the United States has

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America's relations with Asia have tended to be based on a "hub and spoke" model instead of multilateral relations, using a series of bilateral relationships where states coordinate with the United States instead of through a unified bloc. On May 30, 2009, at the

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In 2011, overdose deaths in the U.S. were on a decline mostly due to interdiction efforts and international cooperation to reduce the production of illicit drugs. Since about 2014, a reversal of this trend could be clearly seen as legal semi-synthetic opioids and

2038:(USAID) manages the bulk of bilateral economic assistance, while the Treasury Department handles most multilateral aid. Foreign aid is a highly partisan issue in the United States, with liberals, on average, supporting foreign aid much more than conservatives do. 2359:, and it is a member of NATO along with several European countries. The United States has close relations with most countries of Europe. Much of American foreign policy has involved combating the Soviet Union in the 20th century and Russia in the 21st century. 4350:

Section 116 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended in 1984: reads in part, "No assistance may be provided under this part to the government of any country which engages in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human

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Both currently and historically, the United States has been willing to cooperate with authoritarian governments to pursue its geopolitical goals. The U.S. has faced criticism for backing right-wing dictators that systematically violated human rights, such as

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American involvement with Africa has historically been limited. During the war on terror, the United States increased its activities in Africa to fight terrorism in conjunction with African countries as well as to support democracy in Africa through the

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and the neutralization of terrorist threats in the Middle East. During the war on terror, the United States significantly expanded its military and intelligence capacities while also pursuing economic methods of targeting opposing governments. After a

2204:. By 2022, overdose deaths caused by illicit fentanyl led to the worst drug crisis the U.S. has ever experienced in its history, with 1,500 people dying every week of overdose-related cases. By 2022, deaths caused by fentanyl significantly reduced the 1265:

region, resulting in the Carter Doctrine. The Regan administration escalated the tensions by supporting freedom fighters around the world, most notably in Afghanistan during the Soviet invasion. The Soviet Union and the United States did not engage in

2449:. During the so-called war on terror, the United States increased its involvement in the region; some analysts have argued that the implementation of the Carter Doctrine and the Reagan Doctrine also played a role in the outbreak of the 2003 Iraq War. 960:

with China during this time as well. The 20th century was marked by two world wars in which Allied powers, along with the United States, defeated their enemies, and through this participation the United States increased its international reputation.

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required placing regional security in favor of U.S. interests over any behavioral concerns of national allies. Congress argued the opposite, in favor of distancing the United States from oppressive regimes. Nevertheless, according to historian

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Community are the collection and analysis of information, and it is responsible for collecting information on foreign subjects that is not available publicly or through diplomatic channels. Collection of information typically takes the form of

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Section 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended in 1978: "No security assistance may be provided to any country the government of which engages in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human

2171:. Two of these, Burma and Venezuela are countries that the U.S. considers to have failed to adhere to their obligations under international counternarcotics agreements during the previous 12 months. Notably absent from the 2005 list were 1233:. This period lasted until almost the end of the 20th century and is thought to be both an ideological and power struggle between the two superpowers. The United States extended its influence in the years after World War II, enacting the 4001:

of civilian populations. In early 2017, the U.S. faced criticism from some scholars, activists and media outlets for dropping 26,171 bombs on seven countries throughout 2016: Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Yemen, Somalia and Pakistan.

4274:. The U.S. Intelligence Oversight Board writes that military aid was cut for long periods because of such violations, that the U.S. helped stop a coup in 1993, and that efforts were made to improve the conduct of the security services. 1048:, due to European allies' punitive and territorial designs, showed insufficient conformity with these points, and the U.S. signed separate treaties with each of its adversaries; due to Senate objections also, the U.S. never joined the 3889:

decreased favorable opinions. Citizens of Brazil, Nigeria, and India were found to have more favorable opinions of the United States, while citizens of China and Germany were found to have less favorable opinions of the United

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destined for the United States and that large-scale cross-border trafficking of Canadian-grown cannabis continues. The U.S. believes that the Netherlands are successfully countering the production and flow of MDMA to the U.S.

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Over a century later, the Foreign Relations Authorization Act requires the President to identify the major drug transit or major illicit drug-producing countries. In September 2005, the following countries were identified:

1986: 553:, because they are the primary conductor of foreign affairs. While foreign policy has varied slightly from president to president, there have generally been consistently similar goals throughout different administrations. 5169: 7117: 904:

emphasized preventing European involvement in the war. During the Civil War, Spain and France defied the Monroe Doctrine and expanded their colonial influence in the Dominican Republic and Mexico, respectively. The

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with the countries of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau, grants the United States military access to the countries in exchange for military protection, foreign aid, and access domestic American agencies.

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line and supported wars in Korea and Vietnam. Then the party split with a strong, "dovish", pacifist element (typified by 1972 presidential candidate George McGovern). Many "hawks", advocates for war, joined the

1525:, trade from these nations with China is three times greater than the trade with the U.S. As China is extending its mid-East reach, Russia despite its battered economy from sanctions still remains influential in 1501:. With the rise of Russia and China as co-superpowers, the United States has had to shift its relations to more cooperation rather than coercion, with Russia and China pursuing a more self serving global system. 569:

of the United States Constitution. This clause dictates that the president negotiates treaties with other countries or political entities, and signs them. For a treaty to be ratified, it must be approved by the

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Critics from the left cite episodes that undercut leftist governments or showed support for Israel. Others cite human rights abuses and violations of international law. Critics have charged that the

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while 46% of Americans wish for less involvement overseas. American involvement in the global economy is received more positively by the American people, with 73% considering it to be a "good thing".

3063:, with a tracking system placed in the Czech Republic. "The fact that this was signed in a period of very difficult crisis in the relations between Russia and the United States over the situation in 1926: 5569: 2684:. Under the Compact of Free Association, the United States is responsible for the defense of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau. The United States has also designated several countries as 9755: 3140:

with international relations professor Abraham Lowenthal that U.S. attempts to export democracy have been "negligible, often counterproductive, and only occasionally positive". Other studies find

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international relations professor Abraham Lowenthal that U.S. attempts to export democracy have been "negligible, often counterproductive, and only occasionally positive". Other studies find

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The United States is a founding member of NATO, an alliance of 29 North American and European nations formed to defend Western Europe against the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Under the

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when issuing financial aid to foreign countries. In the 2019 fiscal year, the United States spent $ 39.2 billion in foreign aid, constituting less than one percent of the federal budget.

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In early 2023, when China brokered the long-awaited reconciliation of Saudi-Arabia Iran relations, the U.S. found itself on the sidelines of political developments in the Middle East. The

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in Iraq and Syria to combat it. The extended nature of American involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan has resulted in support for isolationism and reduced involvement in foreign conflicts.

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is responsible for combating foreign intelligence operations in the United States. The goal of American counterintelligence is to protect classified government information as well as

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has generally found that democracies, including the United States, have not made war on one another. There have been U.S. support for coups against some democracies, but for example

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program of spreading democracy and fighting militarism to prevent future wars. It became the basis of the German Armistice (which amounted to a military surrender) and the 1919

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in Cuba was an attempt by the U.S. government to overthrow a regime. Not only did this cause a diplomatic embarrassment, it also damaged the CIA's credibility internationally.

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These measures were repeatedly used by Congress, with varying success, to affect U.S. foreign policy towards the inclusion of Human Rights concerns. Specific examples include

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The United States government emphasizes human rights in foreign policy. Annual reports produced by the Department of State, such as "Advancing Freedom and Democracy" and the "

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United States foreign policy also includes covert actions to topple foreign governments that have been opposed to the United States. According to J. Dana Stuster, writing in

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in 1989. United States military action may take place in accordance with or in opposition to the wishes of the United Nations. The United States has opposed the expansion of

1481:" has become the core of the U.S. national security strategy and has been embraced by both Democratic and Republican administrations. The United States ended its wars in the 11364: 6747: 2519:

States with their spouses (and vice versa), and provide for largely free trade. The federal government also grants access to services from domestic agencies, including the

1430: 6291:

Brown, Richard Harvey (2002). "The Opium Trade and Opium Policies in India, China, Britain, and the United States: Historical Comparisons and Theoretical Interpretations".

13038: 11950: 11729: 11565: 10091: 7429: 4134: 1657: 1575: 858:

1812, there were diagreements between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton as to whether the United States should be isolated or be more involved in global activities.

594: 1998: 14423: 11468: 5108: 4441: 1908: 271: 6857: 14428: 13158: 12837: 11369: 11188: 11090: 8178: 7497: 3518: 2552: 1571: 1249:. The Vietnam War in particular was highly controversial, and its perceived failures reduced popularity for foreign intervention in the United States. The invasion of 1085: 12913: 14523: 13863: 13733: 11374: 11198: 3204:

to protect the United States from foreign intelligence services. The Central Intelligence Agency is responsible for counterintelligence activities abroad, while the

2568:

Defense policy of the United States is established by the president under the role of commander-in-chief, and it is carried out by the Department of Defense and the

11585: 9652: 7995: 9216:

The cables show that nearly a decade after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, the dark shadow of terrorism still dominates the United States' relations with the world.

1494: 8379: 2304:, Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates urged the nations of Asia to build on this hub and spoke model as they established and grew multilateral institutions such as 2212:. Despite efforts to control the trade of chemicals used in the synthesis of fentanyl, the tide of fentanyl-related deaths continues to be a major threat to U.S. 845:

during the 19th century. As the Jeffersonians took power in the 1800s, they opposed a large standing army and any navy until attacks against American shipping by

15113: 13993: 13058: 11173: 11113: 11108: 11030: 10291: 8569: 517:

carries out the president's foreign policy. The State Department is usually pulled between the wishes of Congress, and the wishes of the residing president. The

6881: 2285:'s largest single export market accounting for 28% of exports (second in total to the EU at 31%). 81% of U.S. imports from this region were petroleum products. 1517:

primarily on the global expansion of its economy, Russia was able to maintain its military and energy-related influence not only in Asia but also in Africa and

15872: 14600: 14368: 14202: 13858: 12988: 11233: 11208: 8262:

CIA Stalling State Department Histories: State Historians Conclude U.S. Passed Names Of Communists To Indonesian Army, Which Killed At Least 105,000 In 1965–66

3048:

if the United States refuses to abandon plans to deploy 10 interceptor missiles and a radar in Poland and the Czech Republic. In April 2007, Putin warned of a

9000: 7654: 14889: 14456: 14346: 11346: 11280: 5890: 2677: 2673: 1974: 13063: 15945: 14224: 12993: 11555: 11483: 11203: 11193: 11118: 10983: 10917: 9173: 8552: 2612: 1736: 1625: 684: 72: 8836: 4326:

Since the 1970s, issues of human rights have become increasingly important in American foreign policy. Congress took the lead in the 1970s. Following the

2763:. After the war, the United States continued to provide military aid in line with other foreign aid programs to support American allies. Programs such as 2715: 2460:, and the United States imports oil from several Middle Eastern countries. While its imports have exceeded domestic production since the early 1990s, new 1422: 1052:, which was established as a result of Wilson's initiative. In the 1920s, the United States followed an independent course, and succeeded in a program of 16033: 15867: 14261: 11243: 11178: 10912: 9745: 7132: 6487: 1968: 1323: 571: 3358: 2660:, the United States legally recognizes any attack on a NATO member as an attack on all NATO members. The United States is also a founding member of the 14801: 14659: 13053: 12615: 11319: 11228: 11213: 10993: 10988: 10978: 10927: 10922: 2692:

constructed through diplomatic negotiations and acting in a common interest. The United States has not engaged in unilateral military action since the

2035: 2024: 1956: 1441: 1295: 7456: 1580:

The United States is party to thousands of international agreements with other countries, territories, and international organizations. These include

14363: 14150: 11940: 11570: 11253: 11248: 11238: 11223: 5694: 5347: 3499: 1787: 1331: 1327: 1160: 454: Primary adversaries identified in The Final Report of the Congressional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United States (October 2023) 4764: 14855: 14828: 14145: 12968: 12903: 12427: 11415: 11298: 11218: 11053: 7607: 4483: 4478: 4399:

when issuing financial aid to foreign countries. He also criticized Russia's law discriminating against gays, joining other western leaders in the

486: 10029: 6015: 4228:' policy of coddling dictators brought a backlash among foreign populations with long memories. Some critical scholars and journalists, including 4079:

The United States officially maintains that it supports democracy and human rights through several tools. Examples of these tools are as follows:

119: 15203: 15163: 13499: 13355: 13133: 13033: 12958: 11955: 11895: 11476: 11448: 11443: 11150: 10998: 10950: 10746: 7633: 3060: 2582: 2391: 2007: 1938: 889:

further expanded this territory. Relations with Britain continued to be strained as a result of border conflicts until they were resolved by the

10280:

Foot, Rosemary, and Amy King. "Assessing the deterioration in China–US relations: US governmental perspectives on the economic-security nexus".

8671: 4101:

The "Human Rights and Democracy Achievement Award" recognizes the exceptional achievement of officers of foreign affairs agencies posted abroad.

91: 15011: 13929: 13416: 12953: 12908: 11920: 11397: 11258: 10840: 10780: 2661: 1335: 405: 332: 8760: 1060:. Operating outside the League it became a dominant player in diplomatic affairs. New York became the financial capital of the world, but the 15820: 15225: 14461: 13668: 13048: 12998: 12943: 12251: 11575: 11425: 6681: 4046: 4026: 3141: 3106:

weapons. Secretary of State Antony Blinken is set to visit Ukraine and Poland to discuss further support, as Ukraine urges stronger actions.

2569: 2338: 1629: 974: 927: 836: 832: 828: 778: 502: 210: 5398:

Al-Oraibi, Mina; Cook, Steven A.; Vohra, Anchal; Ganguly, Sumit; Feaver, Peter; di Giovanni, Janine; Wertheim, Stephen (September 8, 2021).

3422: 2378:. Cuba was an ally of the United States following its independence, but it was identified as a major national security threat following the 1306:. Eisenhower defeated Taft for the 1952 nomination largely on foreign policy grounds. Since then the Republicans have been characterized by 14843: 14440: 14256: 14197: 13780: 13738: 13494: 13489: 13484: 13479: 13474: 13469: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13449: 12963: 12928: 12832: 12801: 11453: 6760: 4129: 4049:

has had mixed results, and another by Hermann and Kegley has found that military interventions have improved democracy in other countries.

3691:(PKI), who were subsequently killed in the massacres. In 2001, the CIA attempted to prevent the publication of the State Department volume 3144:

has had mixed results, and another by Hermann and Kegley has found that military interventions have improved democracy in other countries.

2445:, which proclaimed that the United States would intervene to protect Saudi Arabia, whose security was threatened after the outbreak of the 1217:

After the war, the U.S. rose to become the dominant economic power with broad influence in much of the world, with the key policies of the

724: 533:

The Constitution grants Congress the power to approve the president's picks for ambassadors and the power to declare war. The president is

98: 11498: 7272: 3953: 2577:

cooperation following World War II and the Korean War. The United States has not been involved in a major war since the conclusion of the

2030:

political and security goals, humanitarian aid, and multilateral economic contributions (for example, contributions to the World Bank and

873:

and rejecting European colonization in the region. The 1830s and 1840s were marked by increasing conflict with Mexico, exacerbated by the

15967: 15810: 15705: 15450: 15188: 14308: 14219: 13961: 13946: 13828: 12983: 12806: 12667: 12630: 12375: 10141: 6791: 6395: 4451: 4291: 3353: 3189: 1636:. As the largest economy in the world, the United States is also a member of organizations for the most developed nations, including the 10201: 7502: 3715:. Schneider was shot in the botched attempt and died three days later. The CIA later paid the group $ 35,000 for the failed kidnapping. 15793: 15308: 15303: 15293: 14666: 14395: 13643: 13123: 13028: 13023: 13013: 13003: 12933: 12587: 12572: 12469: 11333: 11085: 11025: 10850: 5376: 3307: 3163: 3159: 267: 257: 173: 10717: 8925: 6636: 3759: 3272: 1845: 15962: 15905: 15798: 15627: 15069: 13572: 13128: 12948: 12728: 11828: 11145: 11072: 7416: 6875:"Report on the Legal and Policy Frameworks Guiding the United States' Use of Military Force and Related National Security Operations" 6530: 4461: 4088: 4037:

aggressively recruited more than 1,000 Nazis, including those responsible for war crimes, to use as spies and informants against the

3734: 2368: 1875:

undermine the effect of certain agreements, or give other countries a precedent to cite for non-participation in various agreements.

1551: 1081: 944:, which indicated American willingness to use its military strength to end conflicts and wrongdoings in Latin America. Following the 105: 10424: 9967:"During the 1970s and 1980s, the number of American client states practicing mass-murderous politics exceeded those of the Soviets." 4384:, during the last two decades of the Cold War, the number of American client states practicing mass murder outnumbered those of the 4052:

America's history of non-intervention has been criticized as well. In his World Policy Journal review of Bill Kauffman's 1995 book

3052:

if the Americans deployed the shield in Central Europe. Putin also said that Russia is prepared to abandon its obligations under an

1534:, its foreign policies are increasingly marked by a perceived inability to defend its image as an exporter of peace and prosperity. 478:

the United States has had a grand strategy which has been characterized as being oriented around primacy, "deep engagement", and/or

16009: 15805: 15298: 14786: 14726: 14286: 13941: 13833: 13683: 13043: 13008: 12938: 12863: 12484: 12412: 12142: 12027: 11863: 11798: 11777: 10815: 10800: 10339:

Hermann, Margaret G.; Kegley, Charles (1998). "The U.S. Use of Military Intervention to Promote Democracy: Evaluating the Record".

7217: 6045: 4955: 4555: 3115: 3053: 2764: 2733: 1798: 612: 215: 3704: 3348: 15915: 15888: 15847: 15842: 15815: 15745: 15632: 15428: 15235: 14823: 14647: 14545: 14177: 12780: 12748: 12743: 12309: 12216: 12195: 12190: 11981: 11945: 11808: 11673: 11290: 11140: 11080: 10855: 9466: 7433: 6369: 4446: 4248: 3958: 3683: 3670:

jeopardized their land holdings in Guatemala, and painted these reforms as a communist threat. The coup triggered a decades long

3033:

opposed the plan). According to press reports, the government of the Czech Republic agreed (while 67% Czechs disagree) to host a

1888: 788: 720: 225: 17: 7848: 6907: 6505: 6100:

The Politics of American Foreign Policy: How Ideology Divides Liberals and Conservatives over Foreign Affairs - Peter Hays Gries

3974: 3973:) have found that democracies, including the United States, inflict significantly fewer civilian casualties than dictatorships. 3910: 3397: 1116:

The United States adopted an isolationist foreign policy from 1932 to 1938, but this position was challenged by the outbreak of

87: 16016: 15725: 15408: 15313: 15143: 15091: 15052: 14619: 14614: 14468: 14405: 14358: 14336: 14301: 13956: 13812: 13068: 12733: 12677: 12662: 12345: 12284: 12221: 12147: 12137: 12132: 12127: 11976: 11843: 11813: 11803: 11666: 11656: 11646: 11631: 11506: 11037: 11020: 10937: 10870: 10690: 8868: 7101: 4436: 3367: 2781:

The table below outlines the ten largest recipients of United States military aid in 2020 and their estimated aid in billions.

2495: 2260: 1544: 1359: 1298:. Meanwhile, down to 1952 the Republican Party was split between an isolationist wing, based in the Midwest and led by Senator 1041: 578:

in a floor vote. If approved, the United States exchanges the instruments of ratification with the relevant foreign states. In

31: 6850: 5101: 4191:, an international campaign of political assassination and state terror organized by right-wing military dictatorships in the 4119:), which is mostly funded by the U.S. Government and gives cash grants to strengthen democratic institutions around the world. 3696: 753:

school of international relations. Over time, other themes, key goals, attitudes, or stances have been variously expressed by

16103: 15832: 15720: 15590: 15494: 15403: 15327: 14872: 14838: 13853: 13843: 13838: 13696: 13691: 13555: 13520: 13118: 12775: 12557: 12402: 12314: 12289: 12258: 12168: 12100: 12045: 12001: 11986: 11641: 11341: 10825: 10820: 10612: 10532: 10448: 10382: 10191: 10048: 10007: 9961: 9927: 9887: 9836: 9626: 9585: 9545: 9423: 9387: 9346: 8964: 8824: 8502: 8337: 8223: 8193: 8149: 8117: 8040: 7978: 7947: 7916: 7780: 7558: 6658: 6442: 6217: 6176: 6108: 5946: 5286: 4748: 4718: 3489: 2540: 1944: 1932: 1585: 1409: 565:

Much of American foreign policy consists of international agreements made with other countries. Treaties are governed by the

205: 9434: 8396: 8172: 6266: 16028: 15925: 15862: 15852: 15735: 15526: 15489: 15418: 15250: 15215: 14766: 14496: 14229: 14000: 13951: 13924: 13848: 13807: 13191: 13138: 12827: 12687: 12672: 12642: 12506: 12464: 12319: 12299: 12279: 12246: 12236: 12185: 12090: 12080: 12065: 11991: 11915: 11905: 11762: 11757: 11693: 11678: 11621: 11611: 11550: 10945: 10810: 7392: 6823: 5453: 5261:

Arthur S. Link and William M. Leary Jr. "Election of 1916: 'He Kept Us out of War'." in Arthur M, Schlesinger, Jr., ed.,

4488: 4256: 3755: 3268: 3169: 3155: 2708: 2281:. Africa has also been the subject of competition between American and Chinese investment strategies. In 2007 the U.S. was 811:

on Britain. Jeffersonians vigorously opposed a large standing army and any navy until attacks against American shipping by

754: 8598: 8004: 7702: 5084: 2240: 1229:; one side was led by the U.S. and the other by the Soviet Union, but this situation also led to the establishment of the 1009: 15984: 15972: 15910: 15667: 15158: 14654: 14313: 14209: 14093: 13018: 12898: 12811: 12723: 12713: 12708: 12620: 12610: 12605: 12582: 12547: 12542: 12537: 12532: 12527: 12511: 12496: 12479: 12474: 12459: 12392: 12355: 12350: 12340: 12324: 12304: 12095: 12070: 12050: 11935: 11925: 11900: 11858: 11853: 11833: 11772: 11767: 11741: 11724: 11709: 11661: 11616: 11606: 11601: 11392: 11384: 9048: 8084: 7069: 5653: 4396: 4252: 4198: 2573: 2520: 2481: 2183:; Canada was also omitted in spite of evidence that criminal groups there are increasingly involved in the production of 2048: 1920: 1884: 1437: 901: 518: 7720: 7202: 5473: 5399: 4334:, leading the Subcommittee on International Organizations and Movements, in criticizing Republican Foreign Policy under 3596: 3328: 3083:

an offensive context, not a defensive one; as an adjunct to a US First Strike capability, not as a stand-alone shield":

1512:

abandoned the international agreement supported by European powers in 2018. As China attempted to fill this vacuum, the

15957: 15898: 15783: 15778: 15715: 15477: 15438: 15398: 15245: 15198: 15178: 14791: 14418: 14413: 14318: 14266: 13795: 13550: 13409: 13103: 12878: 12738: 12718: 12682: 12652: 12637: 12625: 12567: 12562: 12552: 12501: 12491: 12422: 12387: 12382: 12370: 12274: 12226: 12200: 12075: 12055: 12022: 12006: 11996: 11971: 11823: 11688: 11683: 11651: 11636: 11545: 11407: 11314: 11012: 10845: 10830: 10805: 10789: 10773: 10119: 9703: 8376: 5506: 4890: 4287: 4260: 3878: 2982: 2742: 2608: 2581:

in 2021, though American forces continue to operate against terrorist groups in the Middle East and Africa through the

2578: 2350: 2322: 2271: 2003: 1311: 1285:

In domestic politics, foreign policy was not usually a central issue. In 1945–1970, the Democratic Party took a strong

945: 842: 585: 419: 325: 220: 8982: 8652: 6851:

The President's Constitutional Authority to Conduct Military Operations Against Terrorists and Nations Supporting Them

6070: 3674:

which claimed the lives of an estimated 200,000 people (42,275 individual cases have been documented), mostly through

3456: 2700:

beyond its previous scope, instead supporting the use of multilateral coalitions in hostile countries and territories.

16118: 15999: 15979: 15930: 15920: 15788: 15710: 15687: 15647: 15511: 15501: 15378: 15353: 15260: 15240: 14718: 14508: 14234: 13616: 13360: 12873: 12868: 12847: 12842: 12692: 12657: 12647: 12432: 12417: 12407: 12241: 12231: 12180: 12173: 12163: 12060: 11930: 11848: 11818: 11793: 11736: 11719: 11714: 11626: 11580: 11435: 11272: 7094: 6874: 6731: 4549: 4493: 4295: 4225: 4180: 3560: 3461: 3173: 3133: 2536: 2465: 2309: 2010:. Signed by the U.S., France, Germany, European Union, UK, Russia, China and Iran, but abandoned by the U.S. in 2018) 1880: 1816: 1758: 1633: 1530:

particularly outside of Europe and North America. While the U.S. still upholds its moral dominance by advocating for

970: 746: 706: 608: 514: 470: 252: 138: 10364: 6326: 5620: 4142:, January 2015. According to Amnesty International, "For too long, the USA has shied away from publicly confronting 3645: 3568: 3436: 3343: 3014:(MAD). Though it was never fully developed or deployed, the research and technologies of SDI paved the way for some 2464:

techniques and discovery of shale oil deposits in Canada and the American Dakotas offer the potential for increased

2095:. These foreign policy efforts date back to at least the 1900s, when the U.S. banned the importation of non-medical 1493:, foreign policy of the Biden-Harris administration shifted to an increased focus on Russia following the attempted 16113: 16004: 15950: 15935: 15837: 15672: 15148: 15101: 15096: 14998: 14925: 14625: 14390: 13919: 13113: 12796: 12397: 12365: 12360: 12294: 12085: 11910: 11868: 11838: 11560: 11183: 10860: 10295: 7874: 7647: 5027: 4563: 4112: 3795: 3466: 3412: 2693: 2494:, with Australia. After it captured the islands from Japan during World War II, the United States administered the 2294: 2278: 1555: 1513: 1456: 978: 542: 10723: 5986: 5883: 3918:

French public opinion about the US fell from 63% to 46%. These trends were also seen in other European countries.

3584: 3431: 3402: 2413:, and American containment policy emphasized preventing Soviet influence from taking hold in the Middle East. The 16038: 15827: 15768: 15677: 15568: 15543: 15040: 15030: 14595: 14513: 14451: 14435: 14281: 14276: 14040: 14020: 14010: 14005: 10671: 9177: 8582: 8355: 6623: 4431: 3591:. Stuster states that this list excludes "U.S.-supported insurgencies and failed assassination attempts" such as 3205: 2532: 1980: 1621: 1609: 745:

in the 20th century. Since the 19th century, U.S. foreign policy also has been characterized by a shift from the

112: 6132: 16021: 15695: 15642: 15558: 15548: 15516: 15445: 15433: 15388: 15275: 15173: 15035: 14955: 14945: 14731: 14588: 14291: 14249: 14192: 13966: 13877: 10735: 9148: 8612: 8545: 7580:; Kegley, Charles (1998). "The U.S. Use of Military Intervention to Promote Democracy: Evaluating the Record". 4814: 4738: 4018: 3994: 3026: 2775: 2503: 2100: 2071:

United States foreign policy is influenced by the efforts of the U.S. government to control imports of illicit

1740: 1567: 688: 590: 506: 76: 9877: 8174:

The Legacy of Nuremberg: Civilising Influence or Institutionalised Vengeance? (International Humanitarian Law)

7129: 6480: 4419: 4104:

The "Ambassadorial Roundtable Series", created in 2006, are informal discussions between newly confirmed U.S.

3604: 3588: 3564: 3426: 3338: 2999:

on March 23, 1983 to use ground and space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by strategic

15773: 15637: 15553: 15484: 15455: 15393: 15283: 15255: 14899: 14271: 14164: 13402: 11420: 11058: 10835: 10766: 10557:

The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations: Volume 1, The Creation of a Republican Empire, 1776–1865

10313:

The Politics of American Foreign Policy: How Ideology Divides Liberals and Conservatives over Foreign Affairs

8518: 8064:

50 years ago today, American diplomats endorsed mass killings in Indonesia. Here's what that means for today.

7178: 4560: 4515: 4456: 3767: 3280: 3240: 1794: 1689: 318: 10235:

The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations: Volume 4, America in the Age of Soviet Power, 1945–1991

9064: 8786: 5594: 5570:"More Than Half Of Americans Lack Confidence In Biden Ability To Deal Effectively With China – Pew Research" 4236:, argue that the U.S. backed such dictators in order to reinforce Western business interests and to expand 729:

The main trend regarding the history of U.S. foreign policy since the American Revolution is the shift from

16068: 16061: 15994: 15857: 15740: 15662: 15652: 15506: 15467: 15423: 15383: 15340: 15288: 15220: 15193: 15153: 15131: 14940: 14754: 14701: 14634: 14491: 14447: 14375: 14296: 14214: 14025: 13889: 13718: 13626: 13434: 10727: 10431:

The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations: The American Search for Opportunity, 1865–1913, vol. 2

10061: 9777: 8088: 7380: 6237: 4856: 4330:, the feeling that U.S. foreign policy had grown apart from traditional American values was seized upon by 3808: 3688: 3572: 3377: 2992: 2986: 2528: 2486:

Australia and New Zealand are close allies of the United States. Together, the three countries compose the

1855: 1273:

President Richard Nixon went to China to open friendly relations and meet Chinese Communist Party Chairman

890: 773:

of 1795 aligned the U.S. more with Britain and less with France, leading to political polarization at home.

10685: 10599:(Wiley Blackwell Companions to American History) (2006). 26 essays by scholars; emphasis on historiography 8351:"When the Great Power Gets a Vote: The Effects of Great Power Electoral Interventions on Election Results" 8238: 7747: 5973: 15989: 15940: 15755: 15657: 15580: 15462: 15358: 15183: 15168: 15106: 14741: 14696: 14503: 14385: 14239: 13108: 9614: 9609: 9250:

Department Of State. The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs (December 14, 2006).

8275: 8185: 7908: 7879: 7698: 7296: 4768: 4510: 4335: 3718:

According to one peer-reviewed study, the U.S. intervened in 81 foreign elections between 1946 and 2000.

3552: 3407: 2697: 2515: 2031: 1593: 1257:

contributed directly to fueling tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. This began with

1053: 796: 522: 10179:

The Jakarta Method: Washington's Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program that Shaped Our World

8423:"Crisis Management at the Dead Center: The 1960-1961 Presidential Transition and the Bay of Pigs Fiasco" 8264:. National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 52., July 27, 2001. Retrieved November 6, 2015. 7796: 7611: 5066:

Richard Russell, "American Diplomatic Realism: A Tradition Practised and Preached by George F. Kennan",

3362: 2490:

collective security agreement. The United States and the United Kingdom also have a separate agreement,

1145: 15893: 15763: 15595: 15575: 15563: 15373: 15363: 15045: 14950: 14563: 14553: 14080: 14075: 14065: 14060: 13582: 13201: 10023: 9999: 8109: 7970: 5009:"Taking Text and Structure Seriously: Reflections on Free-Form Method in Constitutional Interpretation" 3580: 3212:

of American industry. Offensive counterintelligence operations undertaken by the United States include

3011: 2729: 2664:, an alliance of 19 North and South American nations. The United States is one of the three members of 2034:). In absolute dollar terms, the United States government is the largest international aid donor. The 1478: 882: 538: 38: 10605:

America's Mission: The United States and the Worldwide Struggle for Democracy in the Twentieth Century

10252:

Crothers, Lane. "The cultural roots of isolationism and internationalism in American foreign policy".

9482: 9335:

China and Eurasian powers in a Multipolar World Order 2.0: Security, Diplomacy, Economy and Cyberspace

5976:(due to China citing U.S. citing non-ratification as a reason it doesn't need to follow the agreement) 15472: 14778: 14583: 14578: 14140: 13594: 13350: 10713:

Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS): Official Documentary History of U.S. Foreign Relations

10524: 9500: 8032: 7827: 7679:(Report). Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the United States Intelligence Community. 1996. 4057: 3650:, the CIA assisted the local military in toppling the democratically elected left-wing government of 3620: 2585:. The United States also provides billions of dollars of military aid to allied countries each year. 2020: 1444:

of American surveillance programs revealed that United States intelligence policy included extensive

1061: 10406:

The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations: Volume 3, The Globalizing of America, 1913–1945

8745: 8633:

Death By Government By R.J. Rummel New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 1994. Online links:

8519:"In a Politically Polarized Era, Sharp Divides in Both Partisan Coalitions: Views of foreign policy" 3471: 1237:

to support the reconstruction process in European countries and seeking to combat Communism through

15585: 14965: 14935: 14930: 14920: 14686: 14642: 14483: 14244: 14030: 13894: 13708: 13648: 9724: 8304: 8215: 6352: 5638:"China shores up strategic ties with the United Arab Emirates as Beijing extends its Mideast reach" 5449: 4537: 4283: 3804: 3041: 2524: 2499: 2374:

heavily involved in the politics of Panama during the early-20th century in order to construct the

2047:

internationally recognized human rights". In 2011, President Obama instructed agencies to consider

1613: 1460: 1363: 1185: 914: 878: 9483:

From U.S. Ally to Convicted War Criminal: Inside Chad's Hissène Habré's Close Ties to Reagan Admin

9065:

The Nazis Next Door: Eric Lichtblau on How the CIA & FBI Secretly Sheltered Nazi War Criminals

7490:"Operation Exporting Freedom: The Quest for Democratization via United States Military Operations" 6406: 3893: 3417: 3010:. The initiative focused on strategic defense rather than the prior strategic offense doctrine of 1604:

The United States is a member of many international organizations. It is a founding member of the

1508:, which attempted to control the nuclear capabilities of Iran, was not fully reinstated after the 16108: 15079: 14815: 14573: 13540: 13330: 13153: 10333: 8141: 7336: 6699: 6547: 4505: 4006: 3771: 3323: 3284: 2333: 1729: 1394: 677: 445: 289: 65: 10749:

Tracking survey of American public attitudes on foreign policy, conducted by Public Agenda with

7772: 7766: 7355: 7310: 5535: 4654:"America's Liberal Illiberalism: The Ideological Origins of Overreaction in U.S. Foreign Policy" 620:. Several U.S. court rulings confirmed this understanding, including Supreme Court decisions in 16077: 15531: 14881: 14691: 14671: 14473: 14328: 14123: 14070: 14055: 13899: 13587: 10285: 9778:"PBS Report from Yemen: As Millions Face Starvation, American-Made Bombs Are Killing Civilians" 9317:

Saudi Arabia: President Obama must not shirk responsibility to tackle human rights during visit

8717: 7550: 4410:

In June 2014, a Chilean court ruled that the United States played a key role in the murders of

4160: 4139: 3609: 3576: 3392: 3120: 3037:

radar on its territory while a base of missile interceptors is supposed to be built in Poland.

3015: 2768: 2760: 2737: 1133: 1125: 1094: 10571: 10040: 9983: 9577: 9450: 9415: 8153: 7902: 6432: 4903: 4740:

After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order After Major Wars

1171: 932:

Following the Spanish–American War, the United States entered the 20th century as an emerging

15730: 15413: 14528: 14085: 14050: 14045: 13988: 13971: 13701: 11356: 10479:

Meernik, James (1996). "United States Military Intervention and the Promotion of Democracy".

10374: 9979: 9618: 9570:

State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies)

9537: 9533: 9411: 9390: 9320: 9013:

Meernik, James (1996). "United States Military Intervention and the Promotion of Democracy".

8732: 8329: 8209: 8196: 8168: 7489: 6458: 5276: 4389: 4339: 4146:

over its human rights record, largely turning a blind eye to a mounting catalogue of abuses."

3902: 3659: 3627: 3494: 3220: 2657: 2648: 2590: 1413: 1390: 1189: 1121: 1106: 306: 10167: 9919: 8003: 7771:(Fifth ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Federal Research Division. p. 7542: 6209: 5384: 3623:. This had the effect of restoring and strengthening the authoritarian monarchical reign of 3239:

In addition to intelligence gathering, the Central Intelligence Agency is authorized by the

983:

Entry into the First World War was a hotly debated issue in the 1916 presidential election.

807:, but the rival Jeffersonians feared Britain and favored France in the 1790s, declaring the 16082: 15210: 15084: 14975: 14353: 13785: 13765: 13713: 13663: 13604: 13535: 13375: 13292: 13216: 12577: 10225: 9818: 6932: 6640: 6506:"Canadian military explored plan to fully integrate forces with U.S. – Politics – CBC News" 6158: 4579: 4569: 4404: 4271: 3722: 3671: 3663: 3555:(CIA), but sometimes with the support of other parts of the U.S. government, including the 3382: 3185: 3181: 2461: 2066: 1898: 1589: 1509: 1401: 1307: 1303: 1230: 1129: 1045: 575: 494:

have been the subject of much debate, praise, and criticism, both domestically and abroad.

380: 242: 188: 6985:"The Politics of Diplomacy: How the United States Builds Multilateral Military Coalitions" 6527: 5125: 4956:"Republicans Are Blocking Ratification of Even the Most Reasonable International Treaties" 2719:

U.S. Air Force Special Tactics Commandos training with Jordanian special operations forces

2429:, which stated that the United States would use military force if necessary to defend its 1377:

Following the end of the Cold War, the United States entered the 21st century as the sole

865:

was established as the primary foreign policy doctrine of the United States, establishing

849:

spurred the country into developing a naval force projection capability, resulting in the

525:

is an independent agency responsible for gathering intelligence on foreign activity. Some

8: 15622: 15538: 15348: 15064: 14749: 14380: 13577: 13365: 13297: 13226: 13211: 13148: 10651:

America in the World: A History in Documents from the War with Spain to the War on Terror

10566: 10096: 9561: 9249: 9200: 8816: 8570:"5 trends in international public opinion from our searchable Global Indicators Database" 8067: 7823: 7278: 6716: 6370:"U.S.-Africa Relations: An Opportunity Lost or Found - Foreign Policy Research Institute" 6034: 5961:

The United States was responsible for 36% of greenhouse gas emissions at the time of the

5154: 4179:

of Indonesia. Critics have also accused the United States of facilitating and supporting

4164: 3942: 3675: 3201: 2685: 2639: 2418: 2301: 2042:

assistance for people of countries most in need. American foreign aid contributed to the

1851: 1498: 1482: 1445: 1269: 941: 910: 870: 730: 634: 601: 580: 526: 428: 9746:"Chris Murphy Accuses the U.S. of Complicity in War Crimes from the Floor of the Senate" 9523: 9406: 8029:

Economists with Guns: Authoritarian Development and U.S.–Indonesian Relations, 1960-1968

7933: 7214: 7149: 4982: 14862: 14850: 14568: 14558: 14535: 14518: 13914: 13658: 13653: 13525: 13312: 10590: 10504: 10496: 10438: 10323: 10178: 9842: 9096: 9030: 8691: 8442: 7051: 6606: 6598: 6308: 6182: 5910: 5775: 5458: 5244: 5197: 5013: 4929: 4689: 4681: 4624: 4599: 4206: 4168: 4156: 3989:

Journalists and human rights organizations have been critical of US-led airstrikes and

3800: 3711:, who was targeted for refusing to participate in a military coup upon the election of 3612: 3595:, as well as instances where U.S. involvement has been alleged but not proven (such as 3592: 3556: 3387: 3333: 2282: 2128: 2072: 1465: 1451:

In 2017, diplomats from other countries developed new tactics to engage with President

987: 937: 854: 622: 546: 534: 510: 8672:"All the News That's Fit to Print? New York Times Coverage of Human-Rights Violations" 8467: 8299: 3977:

against the U.S. regarding reporting human rights violations. Studies have found that

1987:

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

15605: 14761: 14113: 13611: 13530: 13515: 13307: 10758: 10608: 10528: 10444: 10378: 10187: 10044: 10003: 9987: 9957: 9923: 9912: 9883: 9846: 9832: 9699: 9622: 9581: 9541: 9419: 9383: 9352: 9342: 8960: 8820: 8765: 8695: 8498: 8438: 8333: 8247: 8219: 8189: 8145: 8113: 8036: 7974: 7943: 7912: 7776: 7554: 7543: 7363: 7318: 7098: 7055: 7043: 7004: 6610: 6590: 6438: 6213: 6202: 6186: 6172: 6104: 5942: 5543: 5481: 5325: 5282: 5236: 5201: 5189: 5053: 4744: 4714: 4673: 4115:, a private non-profit created by Congress in 1983 (and signed into law by President 4029:

abroad. Critics also point to declassified records which indicate that the CIA under

3998: 3441: 3064: 3003: 2446: 2430: 2401: 2213: 1992: 1902: 1199: 1102: 1098: 1049: 953: 850: 816: 784: 643: 617: 437: 345: 178: 10508: 9034: 6957: 5424: 4693: 3708: 15521: 15368: 15074: 14894: 13904: 13745: 13728: 13723: 13562: 13287: 13256: 13236: 13231: 10488: 10348: 9945: 9824: 9022: 8950: 8683: 8636: 8434: 8364: 8322:

The Condor Years: How Pinochet And His Allies Brought Terrorism To Three Continents

8242: 7589: 7577: 7035: 6996: 6582: 6300: 6164: 5315: 5228: 5181: 5028:"TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS: THE ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE" 4960: 4665: 4527: 4473: 4381: 4331: 4308: 4188: 4152: 4010: 3990: 3983: 3712: 3228: 3213: 3059:

On August 14, 2008, the United States and Poland announced a deal to implement the

2539:, and U.S. representation to the International Frequency Registration Board of the 2507: 2379: 2043: 1597: 1366: 1198:

United States provided Lend-Lease grants of $ 50,000,000,000. Working closely with

1141: 1069: 1065: 957: 894: 886: 874: 792: 550: 301: 168: 9637:

The United States and Right-Wing Dictatorships, 1965–1989. David F. Schmitz. 2006.

9269: 9251: 9228: 8638: 6668: 4098:), the United States created a "Human Rights Defenders Fund" and "Freedom Awards". 3651: 3551:, there are seven "confirmed cases" where the U.S.—acting principally through the 2746:

U.S. Soldiers unload humanitarian aid for distribution to the town of Rajan Kala,

1612:. The United States is also a member of other global organizations, including the 795:

supported Washington's foreign policy and sought close ties with Britain, but the

15230: 15006: 14904: 14676: 13976: 13909: 13678: 13599: 13545: 13302: 13282: 13251: 13246: 13221: 13206: 13091: 10883: 10751: 10712: 10650: 10632: 10623: 10579:

A Superpower Transformed: The Remaking of American Foreign Relations in the 1970s

10578: 10542: 10471: 10459: 10405: 10389: 10273: 10264: 10234: 10212: 10033: 9991: 8656: 8383: 8182: 7676: 7245: 7221: 7136: 7105: 6686: 6534: 6022: 5361: 4708: 4574: 4034: 3616: 3504: 3098: 3079: 3034: 3025:

concerning construction of missile shield installations in those countries for a

2442: 2426: 2414: 2205: 2201: 2088: 2084: 1429:

emerged as a major hostile power in the Middle East, and the United States led a

1417: 1291: 1222: 1033: 906: 862: 846: 812: 441: 372: 262: 183: 10492: 10249:, by an agency of the U.S. government; not copyright; Updated February 10, 2021. 10025:

A History of Political Murder in Latin America: Killing the Messengers of Change

9026: 8103: 7964: 7232: 2668:, along with Australia and New Zealand, and it also has military alliances with 1261:

announcing the United States interests in maintaining the status quo within the

490:

protection of American citizens abroad; and expulsion". U.S. foreign policy and

15700: 15600: 14983: 14118: 14108: 14103: 14098: 13770: 13633: 13567: 13266: 13241: 10907: 10740: 10562: 10173: 9782: 9695: 9505: 9487: 9369: 9069: 8921: 8813:

The Assassination Complex: Inside the Government's Secret Drone Warfare Program

8802: 8687: 7725: 7691: 6586: 6304: 5962: 4411: 4315: 4266: 4241: 4233: 4217: 4095: 4060:

described America's history of isolationism as a "tragedy" and being rooted in

3898: 3547: 3067:

shows that, of course, the missile defense system will be deployed not against

3022: 3000: 2422: 2356: 1962: 1641: 1605: 1386: 1382: 1349: 1299: 1286: 1181: 1149: 1029: 628: 415: 10352: 9861:

Human Rights in American Foreign Policy: From the 1960s to the Soviet Collapse

9828: 9356: 7593: 7039: 6168: 5832: 2618: 881:

in 1846. Following the war, the United States claimed much of what is now the

841:

American foreign policy was mostly peaceful and marked by steady expansion of

597:

without further action. As of 2019, 37 treaties were pending Senate approval.

16097: 14681: 13981: 13790: 13425: 13345: 13261: 11501: 10903: 10183: 10087: 9953: 9750: 9379: 8807: 8634: 8325: 7404: 7367: 7322: 7047: 7008: 6654: 6594: 5803: 5547: 5485: 5329: 5240: 5193: 4677: 4669: 4532: 4415: 4202: 4192: 4116: 4073: 3877:

the United States most commonly cited interventionism, and in particular the

3030: 2996: 2438: 1950: 1526: 1518: 1471: 1426: 1405: 1234: 1218: 1110: 866: 566: 359: 295: 8397:"The U.S. is no stranger to interfering in the elections of other countries" 8261: 7653:(Report). Office of the Director of National Intelligence. 2019. p. 1. 7023: 5320: 5303: 5185: 1340: 14988: 14960: 14015: 11519: 10898: 10220: 9687: 9604: 9174:"US Dept of State - Democracy Dialogues: Why Democracy Matters to Business" 8994: 8954: 8864: 8649: 7801: 6242: 6098: 5170:"American identity and neutral rights from independence to the War of 1812" 4385: 4372: 4229: 4184: 4143: 4069: 4038: 4030: 3934: 3820: 3372: 3209: 3049: 2703: 2561: 2457: 2453: 2434: 2375: 2209: 2092: 2060: 1693: 1581: 1452: 1345: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1192:

on USS Quincy (CA-71) in Egypt after the Yalta Conference on February, 1945

1117: 1037: 949: 750: 396: 350: 37:"U.S. Foreign Policy" redirects here. For the book by Walter Lippmann, see 10265:

Hard Line: The Republican Party and U.S. Foreign Policy since World War II

9566:"Chapter 5: "Industrial repression" and Operation Condor in Latin America" 9121: 8926:"America dropped 26,171 bombs in 2016. What a bloody end to Obama's reign" 6016:"FY 2014 Omnibus – State and Foreign Operations Appropriations" (Jan 2014) 5935:

The power of the League was limited by the United States' refusal to join.

5362:

Hard Line: The Republican Party and U.S. Foreign Policy since World War II

3921:

Many democracies have voluntary military ties with the United States. See

1927:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

1381:, though this status has been challenged by China, India, Russia, and the 1148:

were included to correct earlier failures, which became a step toward the

1090: 956:

was placed under American jurisdiction. The United States established the

15265: 14796: 14133: 14035: 13775: 13638: 13394: 13340: 10973: 10878: 10732: 10516: 10371:

The Myth of American Diplomacy: National Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy

10246: 9407:

The Myth of American Diplomacy: National Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy

8460: 8369: 8350: 8317: 7000: 5718: 4360: 4327: 4210: 3938: 3224: 3168:

Intelligence policy is developed by the president and carried out by the

3129: 3071:

but against the strategic potential of Russia", Dmitry Rogozin, Russia's

2929: 2821: 2747: 2172: 1522: 1370: 1250: 1246: 1238: 933: 808: 734: 649: 436: Others known to have participated in US-hosted military exercises ( 10743:

1861–1960 (full text from the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries)

10706: 10472:

Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How It Changed the World

10062:"Gay rights must be criterion for U.S. aid allocations, instructs Obama" 9375:

The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability

9100: 9084: 8446: 8422: 7430:"Russia received missiles from Iran, U.S. says as it piles on sanctions" 6312: 6238:"Gay rights must be criterion for U.S. aid allocations, instructs Obama" 4685: 4653: 4338:. In the early 1970s, Congress concluded the Vietnam War and passed the 4322:

pro-democracy protesters killed by the U.S.-allied regime, February 2011

3641:, later blamed for the torture and execution of the regime's opponents. 2228: 1616:. Regional organizations in which the United States is a member include 1132:

by providing military equipment without entering the war. Following the

997: 14128: 13934: 13760: 13755: 13673: 10968: 10701:

History of the United States' relations with the countries of the world

10700: 10624:

Diplomacy at the Brink: Eisenhower, Churchill, and Eden in the Cold War

10036: 9653:"Do the sums, then compare U.S. and Communist crimes from the Cold War" 8873: 8837:"U.S. military hid airstrikes that killed dozens of civilians in Syria" 6602: 6570: 5248: 5217:"Spain and the American Civil War: Relations at Mid-Century, 1855-1868" 5216: 5008: 4237: 4172: 4105: 3906: 3886: 3882: 3667: 3637:

aided the Iranian government in establishing its intelligence service,

3021:

In February 2007, the U.S. started formal negotiations with Poland and

2756: 1743: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1378: 1274: 1242: 1057: 800: 770: 691: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 10500: 10460:

The Domestic Sources of American Foreign Policy: Insights and Evidence

9725:"Exclusive: As Saudis bombed Yemen, U.S. worried about legal blowback" 8138:

Massacres and Morality: Mass Atrocities in an Age of Civilian Immunity

7996:"U.S. Stood by as Indonesia Killed a Half-Million People, Papers Show" 5798: 5796: 4543: 4247:

The U.S. has been accused of complicity in war crimes for backing the

15617: 15610: 10893: 9882:(2nd ed.). Michigan: Congressional Quarterly. pp. 187–211. 9573: 9568:. In Esparza, Marcia; Henry R. Huttenbach; Daniel Feierstein (eds.). 9529: 9338: 8613:"US is the greatest threat to world peace: poll | New York Post" 7939: 7525:

The United States and Latin American Democracy: Learning from History

6984: 6704: 4368: 4364: 4022: 3962: 3655: 2168: 2136: 1682: 1531: 1136:, the United States joined the allies as combatants in World War II. 804: 368: 10570:(2002) covers Bosnia, Kosovo, Srebenica, and Rwanda; Pulitzer Prize. 8276:"Tribunal finds Indonesia guilty of 1965 genocide; US, UK complicit" 7395:

Keir A. Lieber and Daryl G. Press, Foreign Affairs, March/April 2006

5746: 5232: 3679:

bearing on human rights violations during the armed confrontation".

1718: 897:

of 1853 led to Japan establishing relations with the United States.

666: 54: 13800: 13750: 13370: 10888: 10414:

American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century

10299: 9804: 7297:

China, Russia sign nuclear deal, condemn U.S. missile defense plans

5793: 5621:"Chinese-Brokered Deal Upends Mideast Diplomacy and Challenges U.S" 5304:"Contested Memory: The Vietnam War and American Society, 1975–2001" 5155:"The Middle East and the Making of the United States, 1776 to 1815" 4858:

The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Military and Diplomatic History

4827: 4376: 4221: 4061: 3970: 3219:

Counterintelligence operations in the United States began when the

2681: 2595: 2557: 2410: 2197: 2160: 2124: 1678: 1226: 1212: 742: 738: 479: 9879:

Invitation to Struggle: Congress, the President and Foreign Policy

8546:

Democracy in Disarray: How the World Sees the U.S. and Its Example

8105:

The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965-66

7966:

The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965-66

7070:"U.S. Sold $ 40 Billion in Weapons in 2015, Topping Global Market" 6575:

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

5987:"Why won't America ratify the UN convention on children's rights?" 5770: 5768: 5454:"Tips for Leaders Meeting Trump: Keep It Short and Give Him a Win" 4710:

America Abroad: The United States' Global Role in the 21st Century

3247: 1489:

in 2021. Unlike the Trump administration, which is more concerned

948:, the United States and Panama negotiated the construction of the 9729: 8897:"Map shows where President Barack Obama dropped his 20,000 bombs" 8841: 7677:

Preparing for the 21st Century: An Appraisal of U.S. Intelligence

6663: 5278:

Supreme City: How Jazz Age Manhattan Gave Birth to Modern America

4400: 4319: 4176: 3451: 3125: 2965: 2947: 2911: 2893: 2193: 2180: 2152: 2144: 2132: 2112: 2108: 2091:. This is especially true in Latin America, a focus for the U.S. 2076: 10521:

Humane: How the United States Abandoned Peace and Reinvented War

9692:

The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions

7549:. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 7457:"US says Russia received missiles from Iran, piles on sanctions" 7118:

Johann Hari: Obama's chance to end the fantasy that is Star Wars

7024:"Troubled Waters: The United States-United Nations Relationship" 3602:

In 1953 the CIA, working with the British government, initiated

2632:

member states, including their colonies and overseas possessions

2400:

A U.S. soldier stands guard duty near a burning oil well in the

1651: 9467:

Hissène Habré, Ex-President of Chad, Is Convicted of War Crimes

8715: 8468:"How the Bay of Pigs invasion began - and failed - 60 years on" 6792:"Infographic: History of US interventions in the past 70 years" 5765: 5669: 4300: 3634: 3631: 3223:

was used to prosecute German infiltrators and saboteurs during

2875: 2803: 2156: 2116: 2080: 10440:

Exporting Democracy : The United States and Latin America

9820:

Human Rights, Imperialism, and Corruption in US Foreign Policy

8787:

U.S.-led airstrikes in Syria kill civilians, rights groups say

8211:

Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century

6856:(Report). U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel. 6160:

Human Rights, Imperialism, and Corruption in US Foreign Policy

4255:, which has triggered a humanitarian catastrophe, including a 4108:

and human rights and democracy non-governmental organizations.

1915:

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

13143: 10092:"Obama administration targets anti-gay discrimination abroad" 9291: 7527:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 243–65. 6133:"U.S. Foreign Assistance in the Age of Strategic Competition" 5974:

The United States Should Ratify The Law Of The Sea Convention

5858: 4304: 3926: 3638: 3563:—covertly assisted in the overthrow of a foreign government: 3446: 2839: 2665: 2511: 2491: 2487: 2329: 2305: 2176: 2140: 2120: 2096: 1911:(took effect in 1976, ratified with substantial reservations) 1558:

provides financial aid to promote democracy internationally.

1505: 815:

spurred the country into developing a navy, resulting in the

765: 10361:

From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations Since 1776

9934:

Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy: Congress Reconsidered.

8171:. In David A. Blumenthal and Timothy L. H. McCormack (eds). 7150:"Son of "Star Wars" - How Missile Defense Systems Will Work" 6824:"How much does the US give other countries in military aid?" 6459:"Gates Talks of Boosting Asian Security Despite Budget Cuts" 6224:

Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy: Congress Reconsidered.

5342:

Seymour Martin Lipset, "Neoconservatism: Myth and reality".

5054:

From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations Since 1776

1658:

List of treaties unsigned or unratified by the United States

1576:

List of treaties unsigned or unratified by the United States

1404:

in 2001 caused a policy shift, in which America declared a "

1302:, and an internationalist wing based in the East and led by 353:, adversarial, and other relationships of the United States 9914:

Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy: Congress Reconsidered

6571:"The Soviet Union and the United States in the Middle East" 6204:

Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy: Congress Reconsidered

6010: 6008: 5700:(Report). U.S. Department of State. March 2022. p. 2. 5263:

The Coming to Power: Critical Elections in American History

4395:

On December 6, 2011, Obama instructed agencies to consider

3922: 3624: 3072: 3068: 3045: 2857: 2755:

cohesive military aid policy during World War II, when the

2629: 2502:

became a U.S. territory (part of the United States), while

2469: 2184: 2164: 2148: 1637: 1617: 1353: 1294:

movement and started supporting the Republicans—especially

803:, the United States engaged in conflict with France in the 376: 10733:

U.S. Role in the World: Background and Issues for Congress

10292:

Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s

10226:

Hegemony or Survival: America's Quest for Global Dominance

9668: 8869:"Why Did the US Drop 26,171 Bombs on the World Last Year?" 8718:"American Print Media Coverage of Human Rights Violations" 7498:

Whitehead Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations

7215:

Citizens on U.S. Anti-Missile Radar Base in Czech Republic

6790:

Hussein, Mohammed; Haddad, Mohammed (September 10, 2021).

4896: 4240:

into countries of the Global South who were attempting to

3881:, as their reason. It was also found that the exercise of 2553:

Category:Bilateral military relations of the United States

1572:

International organization membership of the United States

1554:", track the status of human rights around the world. The 1086:

Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration

10466:

McDougall, Walter. "Promised Land, Crusader State" (2004)

9610:

The Last Colonial Massacre: Latin America in the Cold War

9525:

State Terrorism and Neoliberalism: The North in the South

8790: 7935:

State Terrorism and Neoliberalism: The North in the South

5915:

U.S. Department of the Interior Office of Insular Affairs

5397: 1947:(signed in 1996 but never ratified and never took effect) 1645: 8599:

Japan ranked as world's 5th most peaceful nation: report

6659:"What if the Chinese were to apply the Carter Doctrine?" 6005: 5804:"Supporting Human Rights and Democracy: The U.S. Record" 5654:"China's growing influence in Mideast leaves US worried" 4123: 1225:. Almost immediately, two broad camps formed during the 8163: 8161: 7455:

Psaledakis, Daphne; Lewis, Simon (September 10, 2024).

5827: 5825: 4442:

International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)

4375:. The Executive (from Nixon to Reagan) argued that the 1082:

Diplomatic history of World War II § United States

10788: 10627:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2014. 10567:"A Problem from Hell": America and the Age of Genocide 10543:

Promise and Peril: America at the Dawn of a Global Age

10306:

A Choice of Enemies: America Confronts the Middle East

10294:. (Cornell UP, 2022) On US foreign policy response to 7311:"Russia threatening new cold war over missile defence" 6486:(Report). U.S. Department of Defense. March 28, 2022. 6267:"What every American should know about US foreign aid" 5741: 5739: 2208:

in the U.S. and were also seen as a major drag on the

936:

with colonies in the Caribbean and the Pacific. Under

10602: 9918:. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. pp. 9199:

Shane, Scott; Lehren, Andrew W. (November 28, 2010).

6208:. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. pp. 5425:"Edward Snowden: Leaks that exposed US spy programme" 1975:

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

1596:, the United States also maintains a relationship of 1474:, and a reduced role in international organizations. 1448:

activities against foreign governments and citizens.

783:

Foreign policy themes were expressed considerably in

600:

In addition to treaties, the president can also make

460: Supporters of Russia in its war against Ukraine 10657: 10552:(6th ed. 2 vol, Wadsworth, 2004), a detailed history 10400:(6th ed. Wadsworth, 2010), 640pp; essays by scholars 9871: 9869: 9723:

Strobel, Warren; Landay, Jonathan (August 5, 2018).

8158: 7849:"Guatemalan Army Waged 'Genocide,' New Report Finds" 6405:. International Trade Administration. Archived from 5939:

The League of Nations: Its Life and Times, 1920–1946

5822: 5086:

21st Century Political Science: A Reference Handbook

3986:, which was almost completely ignored by the media. 2613:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

1909:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

1905:

covenant (in force 1920–45, signed but not ratified)

1626:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

10423:(4 vol 1997), long historical articles by scholars 9252:"2006 Human Rights and Democracy Achievement Award" 8676:

The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics

8169:"Justice Betrayed: Post-1945 Responses to Genocide" 7748:"Special Report: Secret History of the CIA in Iran" 7721:"Mapped: The 7 Governments the U.S. Has Overthrown" 7354:Shanker, Thom; Kulish, Nicholas (August 15, 2008). 5736: 4311:

and Richard Nixon in Washington, D.C., October 1973

3982:nations and killing millions of civilians, was the 3885:increased favorable opinions while the exercise of 3132:in Jakarta on December 6, 1975, one day before the 2103:, one of the first international drug conferences. 1969:

Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture

1324:

Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration

799:favored France. Under the Federalist government of 574:and then be approved by at least two-thirds of the 513:, negotiate treaties, and appoint ambassadors. The 79:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 10202:"Is the United States Done Being the World's Cop?" 9911: 9651: 9645: 9643: 7271: 7173: 7171: 6201: 5374: 5221:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 4707:Brooks, Stephen G.; Wohlforth, William C. (2016). 2036:United States Agency for International Development 2025:United States Agency for International Development 13176: 10660:—official departmental website and current policy 10419:Jentleson, Bruce W. and Thomas G. Paterson, eds. 9866: 9006: 8761:"Brutal conflicts get scant attention from media" 7273:"Russia piles pressure on EU over missile shield" 7130:Historical Documents: Reagan's 'Star Wars' speech 6700:Alan Greenspan claims Iraq war was really for oil 6431:Hufbauer, Gary Clyde; Schott, Jeffrey J. (1994). 5070:, November 2000, Vol. 11 Issue 3, pp. 159–83 4054:America First! Its History, Culture, and Politics 3693:Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968 2514:became independent countries. Each has signed a 1064:hurled the Western industrialized world into the 549:of the Senate. The Secretary acts similarly to a 521:carries out the president's military policy. The 16095: 14829:Native American recognition in the United States 9996:The Cambridge History of the Cold War (Volume 3) 9201:"Leaked Cables Offer Raw Look at U.S. Diplomacy" 7179:"Missile defense backers now cite Russia threat" 6137:Center for Strategic & International Studies 5274: 5126:"1784–1800: The Diplomacy of the Early Republic" 4484:List of diplomatic missions of the United States 4479:List of diplomatic missions in the United States 3905:are greeted by a crowd of thousands gathered in 3707:in Chile in the attempted kidnapping of General 3368:1959–2000 assassination attempts on Fidel Castro 2196:stimulants were replaced by the fully synthetic 1848:to treaties unrelated to American foreign policy 487:United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs 9640: 9333:Gärtner, Heinz (2023). "Great Power Conflict". 9049:In Cold War, U.S. Spy Agencies Used 1,000 Nazis 7765:Curtis, Glenn E.; Hooglund, Eric, eds. (2008). 7454: 7168: 4706: 3684:massacre of at least 500,000 alleged communists 3248:Examples of covert involvement in regime change 2583:Authorization for Use of Military Force of 2001 2441:, extended the policy in October 1981 with the 2392:United States foreign policy in the Middle East 2008:United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 1939:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1241:. This strategy of containment resulted in the 469:, including all the bureaus and offices in the 9517: 9515: 9085:"Review: The Tragedy of American Isolationism" 8669: 8085:The Indonesian Massacre: What Did the US Know? 7764: 7246:"Missile Defense: Avoiding a Crisis in Europe" 6430: 5747:"Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor" 3408:1965–66 Indonesia, Transition to the New Order 3200:The Intelligence Community is responsible for 2662:Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance 1977:(took effect in 2008, signed but not ratified) 1935:(took effect in 1990, signed but not ratified) 1929:(took effect in 1981, signed but not ratified) 1917:(took effect in 1976, signed but not ratified) 964: 467:foreign policy of the United States of America 15226:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States 13410: 11484: 10774: 10363:(Oxford History of the United States) (2008) 10338: 10086: 9875: 9722: 9192: 9146: 8663: 8239:U.S. Seeks to Keep Lid on Far East Purge Role 7634:"USSF Becomes 18th Member of Intel Community" 7576: 7483: 7481: 7479: 7477: 7353: 6789: 6637:"The United States Navy and the Persian Gulf" 6624:The war is about oil but it's not that simple 6351:Klobucista C and Martinez A (April 19, 2023) 6103:. Stanford University Press. April 16, 2014. 5536:"Biden Declared the War Over. But Wars Go On" 5507:"INDO- PACIFIC STRATEGY OF THE UNITED STATES" 5368: 4270:the estimated 200,000 deaths during the long 3619:Iran's oil, threatening the interests of the 3526: 2601: 1652:Non-participation in multi-lateral agreements 1310:, strong opposition to Communism, and strong 503:Article Two of the United States Constitution 497: 326: 11307: 11166: 11101: 11046: 10961: 10633:American Foreign Policy: Pattern and Process 10469:Mead, Walter Russell, and Richard C. Leone. 10142:Chilean Court Rules U.S. Had Role in Murders 9984:"The Cold War in Central America, 1975–1991" 9905: 9903: 9901: 9899: 9807:Intelligence Oversight Board. June 28, 1996. 9292:"About the National Endowment for Democracy" 8251:, July 28, 2001. Retrieved November 6, 2015. 8048:emerging plans for a post-Sukarno Indonesia. 5859:"About the National Endowment for Democracy" 4418:, both American citizens, shortly after the 4130:U.S. policy toward authoritarian governments 3078:Keir A. Lieber and Daryl G. Press, argue in 2382:; Cuba–United States relations remain poor. 737:, to its growth as a world power and global 725:Timeline of United States diplomatic history 27:National foreign policy of the United States 10398:American Foreign Policy: Theoretical Essays 10164:A Diplomatic History of the American People 9512: 9435:What Guilt Does the U.S. Bear in Guatemala? 9198: 7842: 7840: 7572: 7570: 7518: 7516: 7337:"U.S., Russia no closer on missile defense" 4953: 4713:. Oxford University Press. pp. 73–77. 4452:United States and state-sponsored terrorism 4292:United States and state-sponsored terrorism 2425:all played roles in the formulation of the 1965:(in force 2005–12, signed but not ratified) 1561: 909:was negotiated with Russia in 1867 and the 632:(1957), as well as a lower court ruling in 13424: 13417: 13403: 13090: 11491: 11477: 10781: 10767: 10274:International Relations of the Middle East 10117: 9978: 9451:Kissinger approved Argentinian 'dirty war' 9400: 9398: 8716:Caliendo, Stephen.; Gibney, Mark. (2006). 8543: 8375:See the full list of interventions in the 8058: 8056: 7740: 7689: 7474: 7269: 6481:Fact Sheet: 2022 National Defense Strategy 5889:(Report). U.S. Department of State. 2020. 5167: 4930:"Missouri v. Holland, 252 U.S. 416 (1920)" 4600:"Alphabetical List of Bureaus and Offices" 4457:Perceptions of the United States sanctions 3593:those directed against Cuba's Fidel Castro 3533: 3519: 3164:History of the Central Intelligence Agency 3160:United States involvement in regime change 3061:missile defense system in Polish territory 2355:The United States has close ties with the 1858:this issue before removing this message. 1547:with all but four United Nations members. 333: 319: 14839:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes 10724:U.S. Political Parties and Foreign Policy 10597:A Companion to American Foreign Relations 10436: 9896: 8610: 8544:Hannah, Mark; Gray, Caroline (May 2021). 8368: 8207: 8079: 8077: 7692:Counterintelligence and National Strategy 7536: 7534: 7522: 6193: 5936: 5319: 4736: 4462:Criticism of United States foreign policy 4089:Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 3735:Criticism of United States foreign policy 3676:626 massacres against the Maya population 2498:from 1947 to 1986 (1994 for Palau). The 1817:Learn how and when to remove this message 1759:Learn how and when to remove this message 1552:Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 975:History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933 928:History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913 829:History of U.S. foreign policy, 1801–1829 779:History of U.S. foreign policy, 1776–1801 707:Learn how and when to remove this message 139:Learn how and when to remove this message 10118:Bershidsky, Leonid (December 19, 2013). 9909: 9863:(U of Pennsylvania Press, 2016). 324 pp. 9649: 9560: 9521: 9082: 8981:Mesquita, Bruce Bueno de (Spring 2004). 8980: 8920: 8894: 8420: 8101: 7962: 7931: 7837: 7567: 7513: 7405:"Prevent the Reemergence of a New Rival" 7270:Bloomfield, Adrian (November 15, 2007). 6863:from the original on September 13, 2014. 6568: 6199: 5896:from the original on September 22, 2020. 5533: 5114:from the original on September 26, 2018. 5078: 5076: 4886: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4556:Human Rights Record of the United States 4314: 4299: 4197: 4133: 3952: 3892: 3819: 3794: 3770:by adding descriptive text and removing 3442:1979–1992 Afghanistan, Operation Cyclone 3283:by adding descriptive text and removing 3119: 3116:Democracy promotion by the United States 3054:Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty 2741: 2734:United States Foreign Military Financing 2714: 2702: 2617: 2589:are legally recognized by Congress. The 2556: 2395: 1358: 1339: 1268: 1128:, establishing the United States as the 1089: 764: 613:Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 344: 14890:List of counties and county equivalents 11518: 10747:Confidence in U.S. Foreign Policy Index 10718:Foreign Relations and International Aid 10478: 10437:Lowenthal, Abraham F. (March 1, 1991). 10320:Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy 10245:(Congressional Research Service, 2021) 10120:"Putin Plays Games to Salvage Olympics" 10059: 9816: 9440:. May 19, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2014. 9395: 9332: 9012: 8983:"Why Gun-Barrel Democracy Doesn't Work" 8863: 8572:. Pew Research Center. August 18, 2017. 8492: 8394: 8053: 8026: 7846: 7718: 7308: 7203:U.S. Might Negotiate on Missile Defense 6526:See Energy Information Administration, 6437:. Peterson Institute. pp. 132–22. 6434:Western Hemisphere Economic Integration 6393: 6353:"Fentanyl and the U.S. Opioid Epidemic" 6327:"Memorandum for the Secretary of State" 6235: 6156: 6035:"We're sorry, that page can't be found" 5941:. Holmes & Meier. pp. 276–78. 5471: 5301: 5214: 4850: 4848: 4332:Representative Donald M. Fraser (D, MN) 3948: 3040:Russia threatened to place short-range 2995:(SDI) was a proposal by U.S. President 2759:program was implemented to support the 1385:. Substantial problems remain, such as 741:during World War II and throughout the 721:History of United States foreign policy 14: 16096: 11507:Foreign relations of the United States 10741:Foreign Relations of the United States 10603:Smith, Tony; Richard C. Leone (1995). 10443:. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 10421:Encyclopedia of U.S. Foreign Relations 10172: 9758:from the original on November 15, 2017 9743: 9686: 9674: 9664:from the original on January 12, 2022. 8895:Agerholm, Harriet (January 19, 2017). 8758: 8650:No Lessons Learned from the Holocaust? 8074: 7900: 7671: 7669: 7667: 7660:from the original on January 23, 2019. 7540: 7531: 7286:from the original on January 12, 2022. 7021: 6933:"U.S. Collective Defense Arrangements" 6732:Shrinking Our Presence in Saudi Arabia 6717:Oil giants to sign contracts with Iraq 6653: 6545: 6497: 6368:Stith, Charles R. (November 3, 2021). 6264: 5375:Nikolas K. Gvosdev (January 2, 2008). 5281:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 44–45. 5099: 4791:"U.S. Senate: International Relations" 4521: 3666:lobbied for Árbenz's overthrow as his 3214:recruiting foreign intelligence agents 3195: 3147: 3109: 2771:oversee distribution of military aid. 2496:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 2437:region. Carter's successor, President 2261:Foreign relations of the United States 1436:In 2011, the United States led a NATO 656: 505:grants power of foreign policy to the 32:Foreign relations of the United States 13398: 13175: 13089: 11517: 11472: 10762: 10707:Milestones of U.S. diplomatic history 9650:Ferguson, Niall (December 11, 2005). 8949: 8348: 8273: 7993: 7872: 7847:Navarro, Mireya (February 26, 1999). 7383:, Al Jazeera English, August 15, 2008 7381:Russia angry over U.S. missile shield 6982: 6905: 6887:from the original on December 6, 2016 6818: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6785: 6783: 6781: 6475: 6473: 6471: 6367: 6290: 6130: 5905: 5903: 5534:Mazzetti, Mark (September 22, 2021). 5529: 5527: 5153:Oren, Michael B. (November 3, 2005). 5148: 5146: 5073: 4947: 4865: 4732: 4730: 4651: 4124:Support for authoritarian governments 3997:which have in some cases resulted in 3658:and installing the military dictator 2541:International Telecommunication Union 2468:from oil exporting countries such as 2369:Latin America–United States relations 2219: 1945:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 1933:Convention on the Rights of the Child 1630:United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement 1495:Russian election interference in 2016 88:"Foreign policy of the United States" 10515: 10090:; Wilson, Scott (December 6, 2011). 9449:Duncan Campbell (December 5, 2003). 9326: 8974: 8551:(Report). Eurasia Group Foundation. 7797:"Timeline: A Modern History of Iran" 7719:Stuster, J. Dana (August 20, 2013). 7708:from the original on August 4, 2022. 7432:. September 10, 2024. Archived from 7120:, The Independent, November 13, 2008 6493:from the original on March 28, 2022. 5707:from the original on March 29, 2022. 5567: 5472:Ashford, Emma (September 13, 2021). 5400:"Did 9/11 Change the United States?" 5152: 4845: 4647: 4645: 4489:United States and the United Nations 3738: 3251: 3170:United States Intelligence Community 3156:Clandestine HUMINT and covert action 2622:A map of allies of the United States 2223: 2006:(took effect in 2016 as part of the 1828: 1770: 1741:adding citations to reliable sources 1712: 1661: 1537: 992: 689:adding citations to reliable sources 660: 560: 389: Other NATO defense pact allies 77:adding citations to reliable sources 48: 12924:Greater Republic of Central America 12919:Federal Republic of Central America 10677:Foreign policy of the United States 10282:China International Strategy Review 10060:McVeigh, Karen (December 6, 2011). 9711:obscured this blunt fact from view. 9047:Eric Lichtblau (October 26, 2014). 8611:Editorial, Post (January 5, 2014). 8558:from the original on July 29, 2021. 8395:Agrawal, Nina (December 21, 2016). 7664: 7508:from the original on July 20, 2011. 7356:"Russia Lashes Out on Missile Deal" 6906:Roulo, Claudette (March 22, 2019). 6849:Yoo, John C. (September 25, 2001). 6848: 6503: 6331:Georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov 6236:McVeigh, Karen (December 6, 2011). 5695:Joint Strategic Plan FY 2022 - 2026 4447:International relations (1919–1939) 2521:Federal Emergency Management Agency 1921:American Convention on Human Rights 1852:create a more balanced presentation 1584:agreements, human rights treaties, 902:Diplomacy of the American Civil War 642:decision, the United States adds a 623:Paquete Habana v. the United States 465:The officially stated goals of the 24: 10790:Public policy of the United States 10641: 10559:(Cambridge University Press, 1995) 10433:(Cambridge University Press, 1995) 10409:(Cambridge University Press, 1995) 10390:American Foreign Policy Since WWII 10387:Hook, Steven W. and John Spanier. 10238:(Cambridge University Press, 1995) 10155: 10140:Pascale Bonnefoy (June 30, 2014). 9876:Crabb, Cecil V.; Pat Holt (1992). 9744:Emmons, Alex (November 14, 2017). 9147:Clinton, Bill (January 28, 2000). 8083:Margaret Scott (November 2, 2015) 7994:Beech, Hannah (October 18, 2017). 7875:"The Secrets in Guatemala's Bones" 7545:Democracy at the Point of Bayonets 7417:"Russia, Trump, and a New Détente" 7393:"The Rise of U.S. Nuclear Primacy" 7022:Mingst, Karen (December 1, 2003). 6880:. The White House. December 2016. 6809: 6778: 6468: 6403:African Growth and Opportunity Act 6265:Ingram, George (October 2, 2019). 5900: 5524: 5143: 4727: 4437:International relations, 1648–1814 4288:Human rights violations by the CIA 2983:Missile defense systems by country 2976: 2774:According to a 2016 report by the 2609:International Atomic Energy Agency 2004:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action 1608:and holds a permanent seat on the 1036:was developed from his idealistic 418:members allied indirectly via the 25: 16130: 14235:Director of National Intelligence 10665: 10315:(Stanford University Press, 2014) 9270:"Ambassadorial Roundtable Series" 9229:"International Human Rights Week" 9149:"1994 State Of The Union Address" 7487: 7095:Federation of American Scientists 6983:Henke, Marina E. (June 1, 2017). 6131:Runde, Daniel F. (May 14, 2020). 5776:"Advancing Freedom and Democracy" 5674:United States Department of State 5302:McMahon, Robert (April 1, 2002). 5130:United States Department of State 4987:United States Department of State 4954:Dennis Jett (December 26, 2014). 4832:United States Department of State 4642: 4550:Human rights in the United States 4494:United States foreign adversaries 4296:United States and state terrorism 3815: 3398:1963 South Vietnamese coup d'état 3174:Director of National Intelligence 3134:Indonesian invasion of East Timor 3096:Robert David English, writing in 2790:Military aid 2020 (USD Billions) 2546: 2537:Federal Communications Commission 2456:are estimated to be found in the 2452:Two-thirds of the world's proven 1634:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 1491:with containing China's influence 1369:meets with US Secretary of State 971:Diplomatic history of World War I 591:approved more than 1,500 treaties 471:United States Department of State 395: Other San Francisco System 14391:Government Accountability Office 13039:Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe 11730:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 11566:Democratic Republic of the Congo 11500: 10548:Paterson, Thomas G. and others. 10541:Nichols, Christopher McKnight. " 10296:New International Economic Order 10254:Journal of Transatlantic Studies 10241:Congressional Research Service. 10217:(Harvard University Press, 2005) 10134: 10111: 10080: 10053: 10016: 9972: 9939: 9853: 9810: 9798: 9770: 9737: 9716: 9680: 9631: 9598: 9554: 9494: 9476: 9460: 9443: 9428: 9363: 9309: 9296:NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR DEMOCRACY 9284: 9262: 9243: 9221: 9166: 9140: 9114: 9083:Schwartz, Benjamin (Fall 1996). 9076: 9058: 9041: 8943: 8914: 8888: 8857: 8829: 8796: 8780: 8752: 8709: 8642: 8627: 8604: 8592: 8576: 8562: 8537: 8511: 8486: 8439:10.1111/j.1741-5705.2011.03856.x 8414: 8388: 8342: 8311: 8293: 8267: 8254: 8232: 8201: 8130: 8095: 8020: 7987: 7956: 7925: 7894: 7866: 7817: 7789: 7758: 7712: 7690:Van Cleave, Michelle K. (2007). 7683: 7640: 7626: 7600: 7448: 7422: 7410: 7398: 7386: 7374: 7347: 7329: 7309:Harding, Luke (April 11, 2007). 7302: 7290: 7263: 7238: 7226: 7208: 7196: 7142: 6071:"Global Economy and Development" 6051:from the original on May 1, 2004 5863:National Endowment for Democracy 5595:"Biden's Reshaped Russia Policy" 4983:"Treaties Pending in the Senate" 4113:National Endowment for Democracy 3824:Public opinion on the US (2022) 3743: 3505:2012–2017 Syria, Timber Sycamore 3256: 3234: 3056:of 1987 with the United States. 2958: 2940: 2922: 2904: 2886: 2868: 2850: 2832: 2814: 2796: 2711:(excluding the U.S. Coast Guard) 2362: 2279:Millennium Challenge Corporation 2227: 1833: 1775: 1717: 1666: 1556:National Endowment for Democracy 1514:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine 1170: 1159: 1124:advocated strong support of the 996: 979:Foreign policy of Woodrow Wilson 940:, the United States adopted the 665: 611:has taken the position that the 491: 53: 10166:(10th ed. Prentice Hall, 1980) 8759:Gidley, Ruth (March 10, 2005). 8356:International Studies Quarterly 8300:CIA Admits Involvement in Chile 8274:Perry, Juliet (July 21, 2016). 8208:Valentino, Benjamin A. (2005). 8062:Kai Thaler (December 2, 2015). 7873:Jones, Maggie (June 30, 2016). 7419:Foreign Affairs, March 10, 2017 7123: 7111: 7088: 7062: 7015: 6989:International Studies Quarterly 6976: 6950: 6925: 6899: 6867: 6842: 6753: 6741: 6725: 6710: 6693: 6675: 6647: 6629: 6617: 6562: 6539: 6520: 6451: 6424: 6387: 6361: 6345: 6319: 6293:Asian Journal of Social Science 6284: 6258: 6229: 6150: 6124: 6091: 6063: 6027: 5979: 5967: 5955: 5929: 5876: 5851: 5711: 5687: 5662: 5646: 5630: 5613: 5587: 5561: 5499: 5465: 5443: 5417: 5391: 5353: 5336: 5295: 5268: 5255: 5208: 5161: 5118: 5102:"Washington's Farewell Address" 5093: 5060: 5045: 5020: 5001: 4975: 4922: 4625:"Bureau of Budget and Planning" 4499: 4432:American entry into World War I 4277: 3728: 3383:1961 Cuba, Bay of Pigs Invasion 3206:Federal Bureau of Investigation 2723: 2574:violent extremist organizations 2570:Department of Homeland Security 2533:Federal Aviation Administration 2482:Oceania–United States relations 2054: 1981:Convention on Cluster Munitions 1728:needs additional citations for 1622:Organization of American States 1610:United Nations Security Council 1317: 1075: 921: 822: 760: 676:needs additional citations for 64:needs additional citations for 16034:Separation of church and state 14250:National Reconnaissance Office 14193:President of the United States 11951:St. Vincent and the Grenadines 10736:Congressional Research Service 10648:Engel, Jeffrey A. et al. eds. 10607:. Princeton University Press. 10022:W. John Green (June 1, 2015). 9805:Report on the Guatemala Review 9055:. Retrieved November 10, 2014. 8497:. W. W. Norton & Company. 8427:Presidential Studies Quarterly 8102:Robinson, Geoffrey B. (2018). 7963:Robinson, Geoffrey B. (2018). 7648:National Intelligence Strategy 7299:, International Herald Tribune 5911:"Compacts of Free Association" 4820: 4808: 4783: 4757: 4743:. Princeton University Press. 4700: 4617: 4592: 4249:Saudi Arabian-led intervention 4216:Regarding support for certain 3901:and Slovakia's Prime Minister 3577:the Dominican Republic in 1961 3472:1990s Iraq, failed coup d'état 3029:system (in April 2007, 57% of 3027:Ground-Based Midcourse Defense 2776:Congressional Research Service 2504:Federated States of Micronesia 2385: 2351:Europe–United States relations 2323:Canada–United States relations 2272:Africa–United States relations 2101:International Opium Commission 2014: 1681:format but may read better as 1568:List of United States treaties 1296:Reagan—based on foreign policy 572:Committee on Foreign Relations 507:President of the United States 13: 1: 8421:Friedman, Rebecca R. (2011). 8092:. Retrieved November 6, 2015. 8071:. Retrieved December 4, 2015. 7407:The National Security Archive 7233:Europe diary: Missile defence 6682:"Selling the Carter Doctrine" 4585: 4516:Torture and the United States 4187:during the Cold War, such as 3705:CIA worked with coup-plotters 3388:1961 Cuba, Operation Mongoose 3241:National Security Act of 1947 2099:and participated in the 1909 1797:or discuss this issue on the 30:For bilateral relations, see 16104:United States foreign policy 14396:Government Publishing Office 13864:Technological and industrial 10728:Council on Foreign Relations 10691:Resources in other libraries 10416:(4th ed. W. W. Norton, 2010) 9457:. Retrieved August 29, 2015. 8089:The New York Review of Books 6958:"Major Non-NATO Ally Status" 6908:"Alliances vs. Partnerships" 6396:"U.S.-African Trade Profile" 6356:Council on Foreign Relations 5089:– via Credo Reference. 4861:– via Credo Reference. 4467: 3959:Embassy of the United States 3689:Communist Party of Indonesia 3452:1981–1990 Nicaragua, Contras 3354:1957–58 Indonesian rebellion 3308:United States involvement in 3044:on the Russia's border with 2993:Strategic Defense Initiative 2987:Strategic Defense Initiative 2529:United States Postal Service 2295:Asia–United States relations 1957:International Criminal Court 1348:and his Western allies from 1058:refunding the German economy 913:annexed Hawaii in 1898. The 268:Involvement in regime change 7: 15868:Women's reproductive health 14834:Federally recognized tribes 14697:Public utilities commission 14601:Public Health Service Corps 14504:Code of Federal Regulations 14386:Congressional Budget Office 14240:Central Intelligence Agency 14146:Water supply and sanitation 13573:Declaration of Independence 13159:International organizations 13059:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 12914:Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg 11031:Low-level radioactive waste 10630:Wittkopf, Eugene R. et al. 10493:10.1177/0022343396033004002 10457:McCormick, James M. et al. 9615:University of Chicago Press 9337:. Mher Sahakyan. New York: 9027:10.1177/0022343396033004002 8349:Levin, Dov H. (June 2016). 8186:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 7909:University Press of America 7880:The New York Times Magazine 7699:National Defense University 7523:Lowenthal, Abraham (1991). 5619:Baker P. (March 11, 2023). 5083:"American Foreign Policy". 4737:Ikenberry, G. John (2001). 4511:Special Activities Division 4425: 3957:Dedication ceremony of the 3553:Central Intelligence Agency 3437:1979 Salvadoran coup d'état 3373:1959 Cambodia, Bangkok Plot 3344:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 2698:United Nations peacekeeping 2564:allies of the United States 2516:Compact of Free Association 2032:International Monetary Fund 1999:Other human rights treaties 1594:Compact of Free Association 1487:withdrawal from Afghanistan 1423:phased withdrawal from Iraq 1332:Donald Trump administration 1328:Barack Obama administration 1206: 965:World War I and Interbellum 797:Democratic-Republican Party 638:(1986). As a result of the 595:rejected 21 and withdrew 85 530:both chambers of Congress. 523:Central Intelligence Agency 10: 16135: 15046:Red states and blue states 14951:City commission government 14946:Council–manager government 13202:Proclamation of Neutrality 12989:North German Confederation 10726:, a background Q&A by 10709:, from US State Department 10703:, from US State Department 10550:American Foreign Relations 10341:International Interactions 10277:(3rd ed. Oxford U.P. 2013) 10229:(Metropolitan Books, 2003) 10000:Cambridge University Press 9501:Looking Away from Genocide 8688:10.1177/1081180x9900400404 8493:Higgins, Trumbull (1987). 8110:Princeton University Press 7971:Princeton University Press 7828:Ghosts of Guatemala's Past 7582:International Interactions 7220:November 30, 2008, at the 7135:December 19, 2008, at the 7108:. Accessed March 10, 2006. 7099:Missile Defense Milestones 7028:International Peacekeeping 6912:U.S. Department of Defense 6587:10.1177/000271627240100114 6569:Campbell, John C. (1972). 6533:December 10, 2010, at the 6305:10.1163/156853102320945420 5215:Cortada, James W. (1980). 5174:International Organization 5168:Bukovansky, Mlada (1997). 4652:Desch, Michael C. (2007). 4281: 4261:millions facing starvation 4127: 3931:U.S.-Japan Security Treaty 3732: 3432:1976 Argentine coup d'état 3403:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 3153: 3113: 3012:mutual assured destruction 2980: 2765:Foreign Military Financing 2730:United States military aid 2727: 2602:Alliances and partnerships 2550: 2479: 2475: 2389: 2366: 2348: 2320: 2292: 2269: 2258: 2177:People's Republic of China 2064: 2058: 2018: 1655: 1565: 1479:Free and Open Indo-Pacific 1321: 1210: 1079: 968: 925: 883:Southwestern United States 826: 776: 718: 589:1789 and 1990, the Senate 539:United States Armed Forces 498:Foreign policy development 36: 29: 16055: 15881: 15754: 15686: 15339: 15335: 15326: 15274: 15139: 15130: 15026: 14997: 14974: 14913: 14880: 14871: 14814: 14802:Comparison of governments 14777: 14740: 14717: 14633: 14613: 14544: 14482: 14404: 14327: 14185: 14176: 14172: 14163: 13885: 13876: 13821: 13781:Post-Cold War (1991–2008) 13622:drafting and ratification 13595:Articles of Confederation 13508: 13442: 13433: 13321: 13275: 13190: 13186: 13171: 13099: 13085: 12891: 12856: 12820: 12789: 12768: 12761: 12701: 12598: 12520: 12452: 12445: 12333: 12267: 12209: 12156: 12120: 12113: 12038: 12015: 11964: 11888: 11881: 11786: 11750: 11702: 11594: 11538: 11531: 11527: 11513: 11434: 11406: 11383: 11355: 11332: 11289: 11271: 11131: 11071: 11011: 10936: 10869: 10796: 10686:Resources in your library 10587:U.S. Diplomacy Since 1900 10525:Farrar, Straus and Giroux 10481:Journal of Peace Research 10353:10.1080/03050629808434922 10148:. Retrieved July 4, 2014. 9829:10.1007/978-3-030-99815-8 9404:Walter L. Hixson (2009). 9015:Journal of Peace Research 8959:. Yale University Press. 8655:October 30, 2007, at the 8601:Japan Today, May 31, 2007 8382:January 18, 2017, at the 8136:Bellamy, Alex J. (2012). 8033:Stanford University Press 8027:Simpson, Bradley (2010). 7904:The Geography of Genocide 7834:. Retrieved July 5, 2014. 7594:10.1080/03050629808434922 7040:10.1080/13533310308559349 6394:Diemond, J. (July 2009). 6374:American Ambassadors Live 6358:. Accessed 6 August 2023. 6169:10.1007/978-3-030-99815-8 5659:. Accessed 6 August 2023. 5652:v. Hein (30 March 2023). 5643:. Accessed 6 August 2023. 5627:. Accessed 6 August 2023. 5474:"Strategies of Restraint" 5275:Donald L. Miller (2015). 4220:dictatorships during the 4094:In 2006 (under President 3621:Anglo-Persian Oil Company 3418:1971 Bolivian coup d'état 3413:1966 Ghanaian coup d'état 2344: 2316: 2265: 2021:United States foreign aid 1062:Wall Street Crash of 1929 545:and ambassadors with the 16119:Law of the United States 15821:Prescription drug prices 14941:Mayor–council government 14931:Coterminous municipality 14921:Consolidated city-county 14687:Agriculture commissioner 14337:House of Representatives 14245:National Security Agency 13895:Contiguous United States 12994:Grand Duchy of Oldenburg 11556:Central African Republic 10396:Ikenberry, G. John, ed. 10214:A New Deal for the World 10200:Bokat-Lindell, Spencer. 9910:Forsythe, David (1988). 8216:Cornell University Press 8181:January 5, 2016, at the 6962:U.S. Department of State 6200:Forsythe, David (1988). 5723:U.S. Department of State 5641:South China Morning Post 5068:Diplomacy and Statecraft 4891:US Foreign Policy search 4828:"The Secretary of State" 4670:10.1162/isec.2008.32.3.7 4604:U.S. Department of State 4538:China containment policy 4420:1973 Chilean coup d'état 4336:the Nixon administration 4284:United States war crimes 4242:pursue alternative paths 3339:1953 Iranian coup d'état 2525:National Weather Service 2500:Northern Mariana Islands 2337:facilitated through the 1788:not related to its topic 1614:World Trade Organization 1562:International agreements 1497:and developments in the 1364:Malaysian Prime Minister 1336:Joe Biden administration 1186:Emperor Haile Selassie I 952:, during which time the 891:Webster–Ashburton Treaty 755:presidential 'doctrines' 16114:United States diplomacy 15906:Criticism of government 15251:Social welfare programs 14844:State-recognized tribes 13829:Outline of U.S. history 13541:Continental Association 13154:Third Border Initiative 10330:American foreign policy 10032:March 10, 2016, at the 9522:Blakeley, Ruth (2009). 8670:Caliendo, S.M. (1999). 8142:Oxford University Press 7973:. pp. 22–23, 177. 7932:Blakeley, Ruth (2009). 6761:"Company Level Imports" 5937:Northedge, F.S (1986). 5719:"Countries & Areas" 5636:Wong H. (5 Aug. 2023). 5321:10.1111/1467-7709.00306 5186:10.1162/002081897550348 4506:Extraordinary rendition 4138:Barack Obama with King 4007:democratic peace theory 3969:Empirical studies (see 3772:less pertinent examples 3630:. In 1957, the CIA and 3447:1975–1992 Angola, UNITA 3393:1961 Dominican Republic 3329:1949 Syrian coup d'état 3285:less pertinent examples 2334:Canada's energy exports 2288: 1690:converting this article 1586:environmental protocols 1395:international terrorism 877:and culminating in the 429:"Major non-NATO" allies 156:expansion and influence 18:American foreign policy 15968:Environmental movement 15811:Health insurance costs 15706:Educational attainment 15231:Federal Reserve System 15189:Science and technology 14692:Insurance commissioner 14230:Intelligence Community 13925:minor outlying islands 13688:Civil rights movement 13064:Kingdom of Württemberg 13054:Grand Duchy of Tuscany 12616:Bosnia and Herzegovina 10211:Borgwardt, Elizabeth. 9980:Coatsworth, John Henry 9817:Xypolia, Ilia (2022). 9372:(September 11, 2013). 8740:Cite journal requires 8660:, Barbara Harff, 2003. 7901:Cooper, Allan (2008). 7104:March 6, 2016, at the 6528:"Canada" (2009 report) 6157:Xypolia, Ilia (2022). 6021:March 4, 2016, at the 5833:"Human Rights Reports" 5346:25.5 (1988): pp. 9-13 4910:. United States Senate 4658:International Security 4323: 4312: 4213: 4147: 4140:Salman of Saudi Arabia 3966: 3914: 3873: 3812: 3803:in Berlin against the 3695:, which documents the 3610:Prime Minister of Iran 3378:1960 Congo coup d'état 3136: 3090: 3016:anti-ballistic missile 2769:Foreign Military Sales 2751: 2738:Foreign Military Sales 2720: 2712: 2653: 2598:in several countries. 2565: 2405: 1374: 1356: 1278: 1134:attack on Pearl Harbor 1113: 1095:Allies of World War II 1042:Paris Peace Conference 946:independence of Panama 774: 509:, including powers to 473:, as mentioned in the 462: 15794:Immigrant health care 15309:Transportation safety 15304:Transportation policy 15294:Public transportation 14364:President pro tempore 14220:Executive departments 13989:National Park Service 13644:Territorial evolution 11586:São Tomé and Príncipe 11571:Republic of the Congo 10595:Schulzinger, Robert. 10585:Schulzinger, Robert. 10375:Yale University Press 10308:(PublicAffairs, 2009) 10271:Fawcett, Louise, ed. 10243:Canada-U.S. Relations 9412:Yale University Press 9321:Amnesty International 8260:Thomas Blanton (ed). 7768:Iran: A Country Study 7541:Peceny, Mark (1999). 7436:on September 14, 2024 6750:, National Geographic 6550:. Global Policy Forum 4765:"About the Committee" 4390:John Henry Coatsworth 4318: 4303: 4201: 4137: 4027:military intervention 3965:, Israel, 14 May 2018 3956: 3935:Mutual Defense Treaty 3911:Hviezdoslavovo Square 3896: 3823: 3807:surveillance program 3798: 3660:Carlos Castillo Armas 3628:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 3615:who had attempted to 3581:South Vietnam in 1963 3221:Espionage Act of 1917 3124:Indonesian President 3123: 3085: 2745: 2718: 2706: 2686:major non-NATO allies 2649:Partnership for Peace 2647: Signatories of 2640:Major non-NATO allies 2621: 2591:War Powers Resolution 2560: 2399: 2259:Further information: 1995:(took effect in 2014) 1989:(took effect in 2010) 1983:(took effect in 2010) 1971:(took effect in 2006) 1959:(took effect in 2002) 1953:(took effect in 1999) 1941:(took effect in 1994) 1923:(took effect in 1978) 1786:may contain material 1656:Further information: 1590:free trade agreements 1566:Further information: 1521:. With regard to the 1438:intervention in Libya 1431:military intervention 1416:in 2003, emphasizing 1408:". The United States 1393:, and the specter of 1391:nuclear proliferation 1362: 1343: 1272: 1190:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1122:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1107:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1093: 969:Further information: 926:Further information: 827:Further information: 777:Further information: 768: 749:to the idealistic or 519:Department of Defense 475:Foreign Policy Agenda 348: 258:Foreign interventions 226:Military bases abroad 174:Territorial evolution 15963:Environmental issues 15628:Political ideologies 15527:Indigenous languages 14727:List of legislatures 14524:separation of powers 14225:Independent agencies 14151:World Heritage Sites 13786:September 11 attacks 13709:Spanish–American War 13649:Mexican–American War 13605:Confederation period 13536:Continental Congress 13376:Special Relationship 13217:Good Neighbor policy 12979:Mecklenburg-Strelitz 12974:Mecklenburg-Schwerin 12969:Grand Duchy of Hesse 12904:Grand Duchy of Baden 12578:Special Relationship 12428:United Arab Emirates 11299:Same-sex immigration 10720:from UCB Libraries G 10412:Jentleson, Bruce W. 10304:Freedman, Lawrence. 9562:McSherry, J. Patrice 9509:. November 19, 2013. 9180:on November 14, 2008 9089:World Policy Journal 8867:(January 15, 2017). 8817:Simon & Schuster 8167:Mark Aarons (2007). 7578:Hermann, Margaret G. 7205:, washingtonpost.com 6748:The End of Cheap Oil 6690:. February 18, 1980. 6333:. September 15, 2005 5100:Washington, George. 5017:. 1221, 1227 (1995). 4580:Special Relationship 4570:Kirkpatrick Doctrine 4405:2014 Winter Olympics 4272:Guatemalan Civil War 4087:A yearly published " 3949:Foreign intervention 3723:Bay of Pigs Invasion 3721:The failed 1961 CIA 3664:United Fruit Company 3349:1956–57 Syria crisis 3186:imagery intelligence 3182:signals intelligence 3128:with U.S. President 2462:hydraulic fracturing 2067:Operation Just Cause 1795:improve this section 1737:improve this article 1510:Trump administration 1457:American nationalism 1402:September 11 attacks 1308:American nationalism 1304:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1231:Non-Aligned Movement 1130:Arsenal of Democracy 1046:Treaty of Versailles 915:Spanish–American War 879:Mexican–American War 685:improve this article 602:executive agreements 576:United States Senate 511:command the military 381:San Francisco System 221:Military deployments 73:improve this article 15806:Health care finance 15299:Rail transportation 15065:Imperial presidency 14787:State constitutions 14732:List of legislators 14682:Auditor/Comptroller 14655:Lieutenant governor 14381:Library of Congress 14272:Diplomatic Security 13915:Indian reservations 13578:American Revolution 13366:Progressive realism 13361:Non-interventionism 13212:Roosevelt Corollary 13149:Major non-NATO ally 13034:Kingdom of Sardinia 12959:Hanseatic Republics 11956:Trinidad and Tobago 11941:St. Kitts and Nevis 11896:Antigua and Barbuda 10576:Sergent, Daniel J. 10555:Perkins, Bradford. 10369:Hixson, Walter L. 10359:Herring, George C. 10311:Gries, Peter Hays. 10290:Franczak, Michael. 10256:9.1 (2011): 21–34. 10097:The Washington Post 9677:, pp. 238–243. 9658:The Daily Telegraph 9256:2001-2009.state.gov 9231:. December 15, 2006 9153:The Washington Post 8924:(January 9, 2017). 8845:. November 13, 2021 8585:May 31, 2007, from 8583:Give peace a rating 8525:. December 17, 2019 8523:Pew Research Center 8495:The Perfect Failure 8068:The Washington Post 7824:Stephen Schlesinger 7805:. February 11, 2010 7608:"Members of the IC" 7279:The Daily Telegraph 7076:. December 26, 2016 6643:on January 1, 2015. 5568:Flannery, Russell. 5387:on August 26, 2010. 5051:George C. Herring, 5007:Laurence H. Tribe, 4815:Department of State 4522:Policy and doctrine 4165:Jorge Rafael Videla 3975:Media may be biased 3943:Major non-NATO ally 3768:improve the article 3647:Operation PBSuccess 3281:improve the article 3202:counterintelligence 3196:Counterintelligence 3148:Intelligence policy 3110:Exporting democracy 2709:U.S. military bases 2466:energy independence 2419:Eisenhower Doctrine 2404:, Iraq, April 2003. 2302:Shangri-La Dialogue 1545:bilateral relations 1499:Russo-Ukrainian War 1483:Greater Middle East 1446:global surveillance 1410:invaded Afghanistan 1142:Atlantic Conference 988:Russian revolutions 986:In response to the 942:Roosevelt Corollary 911:Newlands Resolution 871:sphere of influence 731:non-interventionism 657:Historical overview 635:Garcia-Mir v. Meese 581:Missouri v. Holland 527:checks and balances 515:Department of State 253:Non-interventionism 211:Military operations 40:U.S. Foreign Policy 15916:affirmative action 15889:Capital punishment 15848:Poverty and health 15843:Physician shortage 15816:Health care prices 15746:Standard of living 15429:standard of living 15236:Financial position 14863:Hawaiian home land 14851:Indian reservation 14824:Tribal sovereignty 14667:Secretary of state 14536:United States Code 14452:Territorial courts 14424:Associate Justices 14309:Inspector generals 13796:War in Afghanistan 13659:Reconstruction era 13526:Stamp Act Congress 13356:Middle East policy 12954:Kingdom of Hanover 12909:Kingdom of Bavaria 11921:Dominican Republic 10841:Telecommunications 10328:Hastedt, Glenn P. 10318:Hastedt, Glenn P. 10300:online book review 10284:1.1 (2019): 39-50 10206:The New York Times 10146:The New York Times 9988:Leffler, Melvyn P. 9471:The New York Times 9438:The New York Times 9341:. pp. xxiii. 9205:The New York Times 9053:The New York Times 8370:10.1093/isq/sqv016 8008:on January 1, 2022 8000:The New York Times 7853:The New York Times 7832:The New York Times 7752:The New York Times 7360:The New York Times 7074:The New York Times 7001:10.1093/isq/sqx017 6964:. January 20, 2021 6736:The New York Times 6463:The New York Times 6412:on August 12, 2009 5917:. October 15, 2015 5625:The New York Times 5540:The New York Times 5459:The New York Times 5431:. January 17, 2014 5308:Diplomatic History 5014:Harvard Law Review 4989:. October 22, 2019 4893:credoreference.com 4855:"Foreign Policy". 4817:credoreference.com 4324: 4313: 4214: 4195:of South America. 4157:Alfredo Stroessner 4148: 4033:and the FBI under 3979:The New York Times 3967: 3915: 3879:War in Afghanistan 3874: 3813: 3801:Checkpoint Charlie 3613:Mohammad Mossadegh 3190:human intelligence 3137: 3018:systems of today. 3004:ballistic missiles 2752: 2721: 2713: 2694:invasion of Panama 2654: 2579:War in Afghanistan 2566: 2431:national interests 2406: 2283:Sub-Saharan Africa 2239:. You can help by 2220:Regional diplomacy 2129:Dominican Republic 1894:Examples include: 1692:, if appropriate. 1466:The New York Times 1375: 1357: 1312:support for Israel 1279: 1188:with US President 1114: 1008:. You can help by 938:Theodore Roosevelt 861:In the 1820s, the 855:Louisiana Purchase 775: 547:advice and consent 543:Secretary of State 535:commander-in-chief 463: 307:America's Backyard 16091: 16090: 16051: 16050: 16047: 16046: 16017:National security 15726:Income inequality 15606:Statue of Liberty 15409:income inequality 15322: 15321: 15314:Trucking industry 15126: 15125: 15122: 15121: 15053:Foreign relations 15041:Electoral College 15022: 15021: 14810: 14809: 14762:District attorney 14609: 14608: 14436:Courts of appeals 14159: 14158: 13872: 13871: 13813:COVID-19 pandemic 13766:Feminist Movement 13612:American frontier 13531:Thirteen Colonies 13392: 13391: 13388: 13387: 13384: 13383: 13167: 13166: 13081: 13080: 13077: 13076: 13049:Republic of Texas 12999:Orange Free State 12944:Republic of Genoa 12887: 12886: 12757: 12756: 12441: 12440: 12109: 12108: 11877: 11876: 11576:Equatorial Guinea 11466: 11465: 11462: 11461: 11328: 11327: 11267: 11266: 11127: 11126: 11067: 11066: 11007: 11006: 10672:Library resources 10614:978-0-691-04466-8 10534:978-0-374-17370-8 10450:978-0-8018-4132-3 10429:LaFeber, Walter. 10383:978-0-300-15131-2 10232:Cohen, Warren I. 10193:978-1-5417-4240-6 10049:978-1-4384-5663-8 10009:978-1-107-60231-1 9962:978-1-58648-769-0 9929:978-0-8130-0885-1 9889:978-0-87187-622-5 9838:978-3-030-99814-1 9627:978-0-226-30690-2 9587:978-0-415-66457-8 9547:978-0-415-68617-4 9424:978-0-300-15131-2 9388:978-1-59558-912-5 9348:978-1-003-35258-7 9323:. March 28, 2014. 9073:October 31, 2014. 8966:978-0-300-07017-0 8951:Weart, Spencer R. 8825:978-1-5011-4413-4 8805:and the staff of 8766:Houston Chronicle 8504:978-0-03-902473-4 8401:Los Angeles Times 8338:978-1-56584-977-8 8248:Los Angeles Times 8225:978-0-8014-7273-2 8194:978-90-04-15691-3 8150:978-0-19-928842-7 8119:978-1-4008-8886-3 8042:978-0-8047-7182-5 7980:978-1-4008-8886-3 7949:978-0-415-68617-4 7918:978-0-7618-4097-8 7782:978-0-8444-1187-3 7560:978-0-271-01883-6 6671:on June 29, 2008. 6657:(June 26, 2008). 6444:978-0-88132-159-3 6219:978-0-8130-0885-1 6178:978-3-030-99814-1 6110:978-0-8047-8935-6 5993:. October 6, 2013 5948:978-0-7185-1316-0 5884:Treaties in Force 5753:. January 5, 2005 5381:National Interest 5288:978-1-4165-5020-4 4771:on April 15, 2012 4750:978-0-691-05091-1 4720:978-0-19-046425-7 4161:Efraín Ríos Montt 4058:Benjamin Schwartz 4047:U.S. intervention 4041:in the Cold War. 3999:collateral damage 3991:targeted killings 3799:Demonstration at 3789: 3788: 3644:A year later, in 3569:Guatemala in 1954 3543: 3542: 3334:1949–1953 Albania 3302: 3301: 3142:U.S. intervention 2974: 2973: 2402:Rumaila oil field 2257: 2256: 2214:national security 1993:Arms Trade Treaty 1903:League of Nations 1899:Versailles Treaty 1872: 1871: 1850:. Please help to 1842:This section may 1827: 1826: 1819: 1769: 1768: 1761: 1711: 1710: 1538:Diplomatic policy 1472:increased tariffs 1200:Winston Churchill 1103:Winston Churchill 1099:Tehran Conference 1054:naval disarmament 1050:League of Nations 1026: 1025: 954:Panama Canal Zone 851:First Barbary War 843:its foreign trade 817:First Barbary War 785:George Washington 733:before and after 717: 716: 709: 618:international law 561:International law 408:(excl. Venezuela) 343: 342: 179:American frontier 149: 148: 141: 123: 16:(Redirected from 16126: 16071: 16064: 15951:African American 15833:Health insurance 15721:Household income 15591:National symbols 15522:American English 15495:Federal holidays 15404:household income 15337: 15336: 15333: 15332: 15137: 15136: 15075:Anti-Americanism 14999:Special district 14926:Independent city 14895:County executive 14878: 14877: 14672:Attorney general 14631: 14630: 14620:Federal District 14203:Executive Office 14183: 14182: 14174: 14173: 14170: 14169: 13930:populated places 13910:federal enclaves 13905:federal district 13883: 13882: 13746:American Century 13729:Great Depression 13724:Roaring Twenties 13684:Women's suffrage 13563:Halifax Resolves 13556:Founding Fathers 13551:military history 13516:Pre-colonial era 13440: 13439: 13419: 13412: 13405: 13396: 13395: 13188: 13187: 13173: 13172: 13087: 13086: 12964:Hawaiian Kingdom 12929:Congo Free State 12833:Marshall Islands 12802:Papua New Guinea 12766: 12765: 12450: 12449: 12118: 12117: 11886: 11885: 11536: 11535: 11529: 11528: 11515: 11514: 11505: 11504: 11493: 11486: 11479: 11470: 11469: 11305: 11304: 11164: 11163: 11099: 11098: 11044: 11043: 10959: 10958: 10867: 10866: 10783: 10776: 10769: 10760: 10759: 10621:Watry, David M. 10618: 10563:Power, Samantha. 10538: 10512: 10454: 10356: 10332:(4th ed. 2000) 10208:. July 20, 2021. 10197: 10162:Bailey, Thomas. 10149: 10138: 10132: 10131: 10129: 10127: 10115: 10109: 10108: 10106: 10104: 10084: 10078: 10077: 10075: 10073: 10057: 10051: 10020: 10014: 10013: 9992:Westad, Odd Arne 9976: 9970: 9946:Daniel Goldhagen 9943: 9937: 9936: 9917: 9907: 9894: 9893: 9873: 9864: 9857: 9851: 9850: 9814: 9808: 9802: 9796: 9795: 9793: 9791: 9774: 9768: 9767: 9765: 9763: 9741: 9735: 9734: 9720: 9714: 9713: 9684: 9678: 9672: 9666: 9665: 9655: 9647: 9638: 9635: 9629: 9602: 9596: 9595: 9558: 9552: 9551: 9519: 9510: 9498: 9492: 9480: 9474: 9464: 9458: 9447: 9441: 9432: 9426: 9402: 9393: 9367: 9361: 9360: 9330: 9324: 9313: 9307: 9306: 9304: 9302: 9288: 9282: 9281: 9279: 9277: 9272:. March 14, 2007 9266: 9260: 9259: 9247: 9241: 9240: 9238: 9236: 9225: 9219: 9218: 9213: 9211: 9196: 9190: 9189: 9187: 9185: 9176:. 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April 23, 2021 8464: 8458: 8457: 8455: 8453: 8418: 8412: 8411: 8409: 8407: 8392: 8386: 8374: 8372: 8346: 8340: 8315: 8309: 8297: 8291: 8290: 8288: 8286: 8271: 8265: 8258: 8252: 8243:Associated Press 8236: 8230: 8229: 8205: 8199: 8165: 8156: 8134: 8128: 8127: 8099: 8093: 8081: 8072: 8060: 8051: 8050: 8024: 8018: 8017: 8015: 8013: 8007: 8002:. Archived from 7991: 7985: 7984: 7960: 7954: 7953: 7929: 7923: 7922: 7898: 7892: 7891: 7889: 7887: 7870: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7859: 7844: 7835: 7826:(June 3, 2011). 7821: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7793: 7787: 7786: 7762: 7756: 7755: 7744: 7738: 7737: 7735: 7733: 7716: 7710: 7709: 7707: 7696: 7687: 7681: 7680: 7673: 7662: 7661: 7659: 7652: 7644: 7638: 7637: 7630: 7624: 7623: 7621: 7619: 7614:on March 1, 2016 7610:. 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Archived from 6633: 6627: 6621: 6615: 6614: 6566: 6560: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6543: 6537: 6524: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6504:Cudmore, James. 6501: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6485: 6477: 6466: 6455: 6449: 6448: 6428: 6422: 6421: 6419: 6417: 6411: 6400: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6365: 6359: 6349: 6343: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6262: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6251: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6207: 6197: 6191: 6190: 6154: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6095: 6089: 6088: 6086: 6084: 6075: 6067: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6050: 6039: 6031: 6025: 6012: 6003: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5983: 5977: 5971: 5965: 5959: 5953: 5952: 5933: 5927: 5926: 5924: 5922: 5907: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5888: 5880: 5874: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5855: 5849: 5848: 5846: 5844: 5829: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5815: 5810:. April 20, 2004 5800: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5772: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5743: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5715: 5709: 5708: 5706: 5699: 5691: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5680: 5666: 5660: 5650: 5644: 5634: 5628: 5617: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5606: 5601:. April 20, 2022 5591: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5565: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5531: 5522: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5511: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5469: 5463: 5452:(May 18, 2017). 5447: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5421: 5415: 5414: 5412: 5410: 5395: 5389: 5388: 5383:. Archived from 5377:"FDR's Children" 5372: 5366: 5357: 5351: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5323: 5299: 5293: 5292: 5272: 5266: 5265:(1971): 296-321. 5259: 5253: 5252: 5212: 5206: 5205: 5165: 5159: 5158: 5150: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5122: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5106: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5080: 5071: 5064: 5058: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5024: 5018: 5005: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4994: 4979: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4961:The New Republic 4951: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4926: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4915: 4904:"About Treaties" 4900: 4894: 4888: 4863: 4862: 4852: 4843: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4824: 4818: 4812: 4806: 4805: 4803: 4801: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4767:. Archived from 4761: 4755: 4754: 4734: 4725: 4724: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4649: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4635: 4621: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4596: 4528:Anti-Americanism 4474:Cowboy diplomacy 4382:Daniel Goldhagen 4309:Mobutu Sese Seko 4257:cholera outbreak 4253:Yemeni Civil War 4189:Operation Condor 4175:of Pakistan and 4153:Augusto Pinochet 4011:Spencer R. Weart 4005:Research on the 3984:Second Congo War 3913:(February 2005). 3903:Mikulas Dzurinda 3870: 3865: +50 to +64 3864: 3859: +35 to +49 3858: 3853: +20 to +34 3852: 3846: 3840: 3834: 3828: 3784: 3781: 3775: 3747: 3746: 3739: 3713:Salvador Allende 3561:State Department 3535: 3528: 3521: 3490:2001 Afghanistan 3467:1989–1990 Panama 3324:1948–1960s Italy 3304: 3303: 3297: 3294: 3288: 3260: 3259: 3252: 3229:counterterrorism 3042:nuclear missiles 2964: 2962: 2961: 2946: 2944: 2943: 2928: 2926: 2925: 2910: 2908: 2907: 2892: 2890: 2889: 2874: 2872: 2871: 2856: 2854: 2853: 2838: 2836: 2835: 2820: 2818: 2817: 2802: 2800: 2799: 2784: 2783: 2750:, December 2009. 2646: 2637: 2627: 2508:Marshall Islands 2380:Cuban Revolution 2332:. Almost all of 2252: 2249: 2231: 2224: 2044:Green Revolution 1879:issues, such as 1867: 1864: 1837: 1836: 1829: 1822: 1815: 1811: 1808: 1802: 1779: 1778: 1771: 1764: 1757: 1753: 1750: 1744: 1721: 1713: 1706: 1703: 1697: 1688:You can help by 1670: 1669: 1662: 1598:free association 1367:Mahathir Mohamad 1259:President Carter 1174: 1163: 1070:Great Depression 1066:Great Depression 1044:. The resulting 1021: 1018: 1000: 993: 958:Open Door Policy 895:Perry Expedition 887:Gadsden Purchase 875:Texas annexation 847:Barbary corsairs 813:Barbary corsairs 793:Federalist Party 789:farewell address 712: 705: 701: 698: 692: 669: 661: 609:State Department 551:foreign minister 541:. He appoints a 480:liberal hegemony 459: 453: 435: 426: 413: 406:Rio defense pact 403: 394: 388: 366: 357: 335: 328: 321: 302:American Century 206:Military history 169:Manifest destiny 151: 150: 144: 137: 133: 130: 124: 122: 81: 57: 49: 21: 16134: 16133: 16129: 16128: 16127: 16125: 16124: 16123: 16094: 16093: 16092: 16087: 16074: 16067: 16060: 16043: 16029:Opioid epidemic 15946:Native American 15926:intersex rights 15877: 15873:Life expectancy 15863:Medical deserts 15853:Race and health 15750: 15736:Personal income 15682: 15586:National anthem 15419:personal income 15384:Economic issues 15318: 15270: 15118: 15018: 15007:School district 14993: 14976:Minor divisions 14970: 14909: 14867: 14806: 14792:Statutory codes 14773: 14736: 14713: 14623: 14618: 14605: 14540: 14497:civil liberties 14478: 14469:Other tribunals 14448:District courts 14400: 14359:current members 14342:current members 14323: 14257:Law enforcement 14155: 13868: 13817: 13808:Great Recession 13679:Progressive Era 13669:Native genocide 13600:Perpetual Union 13588:Treaty of Paris 13546:United Colonies 13504: 13429: 13423: 13393: 13380: 13323: 13317: 13283:Lodge Corollary 13276:Other doctrines 13271: 13193: 13182: 13163: 13095: 13073: 12984:Duchy of Nassau 12883: 12852: 12816: 12807:Solomon Islands 12785: 12753: 12697: 12668:North Macedonia 12631:Northern Cyprus 12594: 12516: 12437: 12329: 12263: 12205: 12152: 12105: 12034: 12011: 11960: 11873: 11782: 11746: 11698: 11590: 11523: 11509: 11499: 11497: 11467: 11458: 11430: 11402: 11379: 11357:Native American 11351: 11324: 11303: 11285: 11263: 11189:F. D. Roosevelt 11162: 11123: 11097: 11063: 11042: 11003: 10957: 10932: 10865: 10792: 10787: 10752:Foreign Affairs 10697: 10696: 10695: 10680: 10679: 10675: 10668: 10663: 10644: 10642:Primary sources 10639: 10615: 10589:(6th ed. 2008) 10535: 10451: 10393:(19th ed. 2012) 10194: 10174:Bevins, Vincent 10158: 10156:Further reading 10153: 10152: 10139: 10135: 10125: 10123: 10122:. Bloomberg.com 10116: 10112: 10102: 10100: 10085: 10081: 10071: 10069: 10058: 10054: 10034:Wayback Machine 10021: 10017: 10010: 10002:. p. 230. 9977: 9973: 9944: 9940: 9930: 9908: 9897: 9890: 9874: 9867: 9858: 9854: 9839: 9815: 9811: 9803: 9799: 9789: 9787: 9786:. July 19, 2018 9776: 9775: 9771: 9761: 9759: 9742: 9738: 9721: 9717: 9706: 9698:. p. 140. 9685: 9681: 9673: 9669: 9648: 9641: 9636: 9632: 9603: 9599: 9588: 9559: 9555: 9548: 9520: 9513: 9499: 9495: 9481: 9477: 9473:. May 30, 2016. 9465: 9461: 9448: 9444: 9433: 9429: 9403: 9396: 9368: 9364: 9349: 9331: 9327: 9314: 9310: 9300: 9298: 9290: 9289: 9285: 9275: 9273: 9268: 9267: 9263: 9248: 9244: 9234: 9232: 9227: 9226: 9222: 9209: 9207: 9197: 9193: 9183: 9181: 9172: 9171: 9167: 9157: 9155: 9145: 9141: 9131: 9129: 9120: 9119: 9115: 9105: 9103: 9081: 9077: 9063: 9059: 9046: 9042: 9011: 9007: 8979: 8975: 8967: 8948: 8944: 8934: 8932: 8922:Benjamin, Medea 8919: 8915: 8905: 8903: 8901:The Independent 8893: 8889: 8879: 8877: 8862: 8858: 8848: 8846: 8835: 8834: 8830: 8801: 8797: 8785: 8781: 8771: 8769: 8757: 8753: 8741: 8739: 8730: 8729: 8722: 8720: 8714: 8710: 8700: 8698: 8668: 8664: 8657:Wayback Machine 8647: 8643: 8632: 8628: 8618: 8616: 8609: 8605: 8597: 8593: 8581: 8577: 8568: 8567: 8563: 8555: 8548: 8542: 8538: 8528: 8526: 8517: 8516: 8512: 8505: 8491: 8487: 8477: 8475: 8466: 8465: 8461: 8451: 8449: 8419: 8415: 8405: 8403: 8393: 8389: 8384:Wayback Machine 8347: 8343: 8316: 8312: 8298: 8294: 8284: 8282: 8272: 8268: 8259: 8255: 8237: 8233: 8226: 8206: 8202: 8183:Wayback Machine 8166: 8159: 8135: 8131: 8120: 8112:. p. 203. 8100: 8096: 8082: 8075: 8061: 8054: 8043: 8035:. p. 193. 8025: 8021: 8011: 8009: 7992: 7988: 7981: 7961: 7957: 7950: 7930: 7926: 7919: 7911:. p. 171. 7899: 7895: 7885: 7883: 7871: 7867: 7857: 7855: 7845: 7838: 7822: 7818: 7808: 7806: 7795: 7794: 7790: 7783: 7763: 7759: 7746: 7745: 7741: 7731: 7729: 7717: 7713: 7705: 7694: 7688: 7684: 7675: 7674: 7665: 7657: 7650: 7646: 7645: 7641: 7632: 7631: 7627: 7617: 7615: 7606: 7605: 7601: 7575: 7568: 7561: 7539: 7532: 7521: 7514: 7505: 7492: 7488:Tures, John A. 7486: 7475: 7465: 7463: 7453: 7449: 7439: 7437: 7428: 7427: 7423: 7415: 7411: 7403: 7399: 7391: 7387: 7379: 7375: 7352: 7348: 7335: 7334: 7330: 7307: 7303: 7295: 7291: 7268: 7264: 7254: 7252: 7244: 7243: 7239: 7231: 7227: 7222:Wayback Machine 7213: 7209: 7201: 7197: 7187: 7185: 7177: 7176: 7169: 7159: 7157: 7156:. April 5, 2001 7148: 7147: 7143: 7137:Wayback Machine 7128: 7124: 7116: 7112: 7106:Wayback Machine 7093: 7089: 7079: 7077: 7068: 7067: 7063: 7020: 7016: 6981: 6977: 6967: 6965: 6956: 6955: 6951: 6941: 6939: 6931: 6930: 6926: 6916: 6914: 6904: 6900: 6890: 6888: 6884: 6877: 6873: 6872: 6868: 6860: 6853: 6847: 6843: 6833: 6831: 6822: 6821: 6810: 6800: 6798: 6788: 6779: 6769: 6767: 6759: 6758: 6754: 6746: 6742: 6730: 6726: 6715: 6711: 6698: 6694: 6680: 6676: 6652: 6648: 6635: 6634: 6630: 6622: 6618: 6567: 6563: 6553: 6551: 6548:"Crude Designs" 6544: 6540: 6535:Wayback Machine 6525: 6521: 6511: 6509: 6502: 6498: 6490: 6483: 6479: 6478: 6469: 6465:, June 1, 2011. 6456: 6452: 6445: 6429: 6425: 6415: 6413: 6409: 6398: 6392: 6388: 6378: 6376: 6366: 6362: 6350: 6346: 6336: 6334: 6325: 6324: 6320: 6289: 6285: 6275: 6273: 6263: 6259: 6249: 6247: 6234: 6230: 6220: 6198: 6194: 6179: 6155: 6151: 6141: 6139: 6129: 6125: 6115: 6113: 6111: 6097: 6096: 6092: 6082: 6080: 6073: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6054: 6052: 6048: 6037: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6023:Wayback Machine 6013: 6006: 5996: 5994: 5985: 5984: 5980: 5972: 5968: 5960: 5956: 5949: 5934: 5930: 5920: 5918: 5909: 5908: 5901: 5893: 5886: 5882: 5881: 5877: 5867: 5865: 5857: 5856: 5852: 5842: 5840: 5839:. March 6, 2007 5831: 5830: 5823: 5813: 5811: 5802: 5801: 5794: 5784: 5782: 5774: 5773: 5766: 5756: 5754: 5745: 5744: 5737: 5727: 5725: 5717: 5716: 5712: 5704: 5697: 5693: 5692: 5688: 5678: 5676: 5668: 5667: 5663: 5651: 5647: 5635: 5631: 5618: 5614: 5604: 5602: 5593: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5576: 5566: 5562: 5552: 5550: 5532: 5525: 5515: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5504: 5500: 5490: 5488: 5478:Foreign Affairs 5470: 5466: 5448: 5444: 5434: 5432: 5423: 5422: 5418: 5408: 5406: 5396: 5392: 5373: 5369: 5358: 5354: 5341: 5337: 5300: 5296: 5289: 5273: 5269: 5260: 5256: 5233:10.2307/1006164 5213: 5209: 5166: 5162: 5151: 5144: 5134: 5132: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5111: 5104: 5098: 5094: 5082: 5081: 5074: 5065: 5061: 5050: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5032:www.govinfo.gov 5026: 5025: 5021: 5006: 5002: 4992: 4990: 4981: 4980: 4976: 4966: 4964: 4952: 4948: 4938: 4936: 4928: 4927: 4923: 4913: 4911: 4902: 4901: 4897: 4889: 4866: 4854: 4853: 4846: 4836: 4834: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4813: 4809: 4799: 4797: 4789: 4788: 4784: 4774: 4772: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4751: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4705: 4701: 4650: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4598: 4597: 4593: 4588: 4575:Powell Doctrine 4524: 4502: 4470: 4428: 4298: 4280: 4181:state terrorism 4132: 4126: 4035:J. Edgar Hoover 4019:U.S. presidents 3951: 3872: 3868: 3866: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3854: 3850: 3848: 3847: +5 to +20 3844: 3842: 3838: 3836: 3835: -20 to -5 3832: 3830: 3826: 3818: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3765: 3748: 3744: 3737: 3731: 3687:members of the 3539: 3510: 3509: 3485: 3477: 3476: 3319: 3309: 3298: 3292: 3289: 3278: 3261: 3257: 3250: 3237: 3198: 3166: 3150: 3118: 3112: 3099:Foreign Affairs 3080:Foreign Affairs 3035:missile defense 3006:, later dubbed 2989: 2981:Main articles: 2979: 2977:Missile defense 2959: 2957: 2941: 2939: 2923: 2921: 2905: 2903: 2887: 2885: 2869: 2867: 2851: 2849: 2833: 2831: 2815: 2813: 2797: 2795: 2740: 2728:Main articles: 2726: 2707:Countries with 2652: 2644: 2642: 2635: 2633: 2625: 2623: 2604: 2555: 2549: 2484: 2478: 2443:Reagan Doctrine 2427:Carter Doctrine 2415:Truman Doctrine 2394: 2388: 2371: 2365: 2353: 2347: 2325: 2319: 2297: 2291: 2274: 2268: 2263: 2253: 2247: 2244: 2237:needs expansion 2222: 2206:life expectancy 2202:methamphetamine 2085:methamphetamine 2069: 2063: 2057: 2027: 2019:Main articles: 2017: 1951:Mine Ban Treaty 1868: 1862: 1859: 1838: 1834: 1823: 1812: 1806: 1803: 1792: 1780: 1776: 1765: 1754: 1748: 1745: 1734: 1722: 1707: 1701: 1698: 1687: 1671: 1667: 1660: 1654: 1578: 1564: 1540: 1425:, In 2014, the 1418:nation-building 1338: 1322:Main articles: 1320: 1292:neoconservative 1223:Truman Doctrine 1215: 1209: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1146:specific points 1088: 1080:Main articles: 1078: 1034:Fourteen Points 1022: 1016: 1013: 1006:needs expansion 981: 967: 930: 924: 907:Alaska Purchase 869:as an American 863:Monroe Doctrine 839: 825: 781: 763: 727: 719:Main articles: 713: 702: 696: 693: 682: 670: 659: 563: 500: 461: 457: 455: 451: 449: 433: 431: 424: 422: 414: Non-NATO 411: 409: 401: 399: 392: 390: 386: 384: 364: 362: 355: 339: 277: 263:Monroe Doctrine 230: 193: 184:Alaska Purchase 155: 154:History of U.S. 145: 134: 128: 125: 82: 80: 70: 58: 45: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 16132: 16122: 16121: 16116: 16111: 16109:Foreign policy 16106: 16089: 16088: 16086: 16085: 16080: 16073: 16072: 16065: 16057: 16056: 16053: 16052: 16049: 16048: 16045: 16044: 16042: 16041: 16036: 16031: 16026: 16025: 16024: 16014: 16013: 16012: 16002: 15997: 15992: 15987: 15985:Mass shootings 15982: 15977: 15976: 15975: 15973:Climate change 15970: 15960: 15955: 15954: 15953: 15948: 15943: 15938: 15933: 15928: 15923: 15918: 15911:Discrimination 15908: 15903: 15902: 15901: 15891: 15885: 15883: 15879: 15878: 15876: 15875: 15870: 15865: 15860: 15855: 15850: 15845: 15840: 15835: 15830: 15825: 15824: 15823: 15818: 15813: 15803: 15802: 15801: 15796: 15791: 15786: 15781: 15776: 15766: 15760: 15758: 15752: 15751: 15749: 15748: 15743: 15738: 15733: 15728: 15723: 15718: 15713: 15708: 15703: 15701:American Dream 15698: 15692: 15690: 15684: 15683: 15681: 15680: 15675: 15670: 15668:Transportation 15665: 15660: 15655: 15650: 15645: 15640: 15635: 15630: 15625: 15620: 15615: 15614: 15613: 15608: 15603: 15601:Mount Rushmore 15598: 15588: 15583: 15578: 15573: 15572: 15571: 15566: 15561: 15556: 15551: 15541: 15536: 15535: 15534: 15529: 15524: 15514: 15509: 15504: 15499: 15498: 15497: 15487: 15482: 15481: 15480: 15470: 15465: 15460: 15459: 15458: 15453: 15443: 15442: 15441: 15436: 15431: 15426: 15421: 15416: 15411: 15406: 15401: 15396: 15391: 15381: 15376: 15371: 15366: 15361: 15356: 15351: 15345: 15343: 15330: 15324: 15323: 15320: 15319: 15317: 15316: 15311: 15306: 15301: 15296: 15291: 15286: 15280: 15278: 15272: 15271: 15269: 15268: 15263: 15258: 15253: 15248: 15243: 15238: 15233: 15228: 15223: 15221:Federal budget 15218: 15213: 15208: 15207: 15206: 15201: 15196: 15191: 15186: 15181: 15176: 15171: 15166: 15161: 15159:Communications 15156: 15151: 15140: 15134: 15128: 15127: 15124: 15123: 15120: 15119: 15117: 15116: 15111: 15110: 15109: 15104: 15099: 15089: 15088: 15087: 15082: 15080:exceptionalism 15077: 15067: 15062: 15061: 15060: 15058:foreign policy 15050: 15049: 15048: 15043: 15033: 15027: 15024: 15023: 15020: 15019: 15017: 15016: 15015: 15014: 15003: 15001: 14995: 14994: 14992: 14991: 14986: 14980: 14978: 14972: 14971: 14969: 14968: 14963: 14958: 14953: 14948: 14943: 14938: 14933: 14928: 14923: 14917: 14915: 14911: 14910: 14908: 14907: 14902: 14897: 14892: 14886: 14884: 14875: 14869: 14868: 14866: 14865: 14860: 14859: 14858: 14848: 14847: 14846: 14841: 14836: 14826: 14820: 14818: 14812: 14811: 14808: 14807: 14805: 14804: 14799: 14794: 14789: 14783: 14781: 14775: 14774: 14772: 14771: 14770: 14769: 14759: 14758: 14757: 14755:Chief justices 14750:Supreme courts 14746: 14744: 14738: 14737: 14735: 14734: 14729: 14723: 14721: 14715: 14714: 14712: 14711: 14710: 14709: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14674: 14669: 14664: 14663: 14662: 14652: 14651: 14650: 14639: 14637: 14628: 14611: 14610: 14607: 14606: 14604: 14603: 14598: 14593: 14592: 14591: 14589:National Guard 14586: 14581: 14576: 14571: 14566: 14561: 14550: 14548: 14542: 14541: 14539: 14538: 14533: 14532: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14506: 14501: 14500: 14499: 14492:Bill of Rights 14488: 14486: 14480: 14479: 14477: 14476: 14471: 14466: 14465: 14464: 14462:list of judges 14459: 14457:list of courts 14445: 14444: 14443: 14441:list of judges 14433: 14432: 14431: 14426: 14421: 14410: 14408: 14402: 14401: 14399: 14398: 14393: 14388: 14383: 14378: 14376:Capitol Police 14373: 14372: 14371: 14366: 14361: 14351: 14350: 14349: 14344: 14333: 14331: 14325: 14324: 14322: 14321: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14305: 14304: 14299: 14297:Secret Service 14294: 14289: 14284: 14279: 14274: 14269: 14264: 14254: 14253: 14252: 14247: 14242: 14237: 14227: 14222: 14217: 14212: 14210:Vice President 14207: 14206: 14205: 14200: 14189: 14187: 14180: 14167: 14161: 14160: 14157: 14156: 14154: 14153: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14137: 14136: 14131: 14126: 14121: 14116: 14111: 14106: 14101: 14090: 14089: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14063: 14058: 14053: 14048: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14028: 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 13998: 13997: 13996: 13994:National Parks 13986: 13985: 13984: 13979: 13974: 13969: 13964: 13954: 13949: 13947:Extreme points 13944: 13939: 13938: 13937: 13932: 13927: 13922: 13917: 13912: 13907: 13902: 13897: 13886: 13880: 13874: 13873: 13870: 13869: 13867: 13866: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13831: 13825: 13823: 13819: 13818: 13816: 13815: 13810: 13805: 13804: 13803: 13798: 13788: 13783: 13778: 13773: 13768: 13763: 13758: 13753: 13748: 13743: 13742: 13741: 13731: 13726: 13721: 13716: 13711: 13706: 13705: 13704: 13699: 13694: 13686: 13681: 13676: 13671: 13666: 13661: 13656: 13651: 13646: 13641: 13636: 13634:Federalist Era 13631: 13630: 13629: 13627:Bill of Rights 13624: 13614: 13609: 13608: 13607: 13602: 13592: 13591: 13590: 13585: 13575: 13570: 13568:Lee Resolution 13565: 13560: 13559: 13558: 13553: 13548: 13543: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13518: 13512: 13510: 13506: 13505: 13503: 13502: 13497: 13492: 13487: 13482: 13477: 13472: 13467: 13462: 13457: 13452: 13446: 13444: 13437: 13431: 13430: 13428: articles 13422: 13421: 13414: 13407: 13399: 13390: 13389: 13386: 13385: 13382: 13381: 13379: 13378: 13373: 13368: 13363: 13358: 13353: 13348: 13343: 13338: 13333: 13327: 13325: 13319: 13318: 13316: 13315: 13310: 13305: 13300: 13295: 13290: 13285: 13279: 13277: 13273: 13272: 13270: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13249: 13244: 13239: 13234: 13229: 13224: 13219: 13214: 13209: 13204: 13198: 13196: 13184: 13183: 13169: 13168: 13165: 13164: 13162: 13161: 13156: 13151: 13146: 13141: 13139:United Nations 13136: 13131: 13126: 13124:European Union 13121: 13116: 13111: 13106: 13100: 13097: 13096: 13083: 13082: 13079: 13078: 13075: 13074: 13072: 13071: 13066: 13061: 13056: 13051: 13046: 13041: 13036: 13031: 13029:Ryukyu Kingdom 13026: 13024:Russian Empire 13021: 13016: 13014:Duchy of Parma 13011: 13006: 13004:Ottoman Empire 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12934:Czechoslovakia 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12906: 12901: 12895: 12893: 12889: 12888: 12885: 12884: 12882: 12881: 12876: 12871: 12866: 12860: 12858: 12854: 12853: 12851: 12850: 12845: 12840: 12835: 12830: 12824: 12822: 12818: 12817: 12815: 12814: 12809: 12804: 12799: 12793: 12791: 12787: 12786: 12784: 12783: 12778: 12772: 12770: 12763: 12759: 12758: 12755: 12754: 12752: 12751: 12746: 12741: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12711: 12705: 12703: 12699: 12698: 12696: 12695: 12690: 12685: 12680: 12675: 12670: 12665: 12660: 12655: 12650: 12645: 12640: 12635: 12634: 12633: 12623: 12618: 12613: 12608: 12602: 12600: 12596: 12595: 12593: 12592: 12591: 12590: 12588:Cayman Islands 12585: 12580: 12573:United Kingdom 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12524: 12522: 12518: 12517: 12515: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12488: 12487: 12477: 12472: 12470:Czech Republic 12467: 12462: 12456: 12454: 12447: 12443: 12442: 12439: 12438: 12436: 12435: 12430: 12425: 12420: 12415: 12410: 12405: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12379: 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11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11236: 11231: 11226: 11221: 11216: 11211: 11206: 11201: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11170: 11168: 11161: 11160: 11159: 11158: 11148: 11143: 11137: 11135: 11129: 11128: 11125: 11124: 11122: 11121: 11116: 11111: 11105: 11103: 11096: 11095: 11094: 11093: 11086:Climate change 11083: 11077: 11075: 11069: 11068: 11065: 11064: 11062: 11061: 11056: 11050: 11048: 11041: 11040: 11035: 11034: 11033: 11026:Nuclear energy 11023: 11017: 11015: 11009: 11008: 11005: 11004: 11002: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10971: 10965: 10963: 10956: 10955: 10954: 10953: 10942: 10940: 10934: 10933: 10931: 10930: 10925: 10920: 10915: 10910: 10908:War on Poverty 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10875: 10873: 10864: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10851:Transportation 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10797: 10794: 10793: 10786: 10785: 10778: 10771: 10763: 10757: 10756: 10744: 10738: 10730: 10721: 10715: 10710: 10704: 10694: 10693: 10688: 10682: 10681: 10670: 10669: 10667: 10666:External links 10664: 10662: 10661: 10655: 10645: 10643: 10640: 10638: 10637: 10628: 10619: 10613: 10600: 10593: 10583: 10574: 10560: 10553: 10546: 10539: 10533: 10513: 10487:(4): 391–402. 10476: 10467: 10464: 10455: 10449: 10434: 10427: 10417: 10410: 10403:Iriye, Akira. 10401: 10394: 10385: 10367: 10357: 10336: 10326: 10316: 10309: 10302: 10288: 10278: 10269: 10262:Dueck, Colin. 10260: 10250: 10239: 10230: 10218: 10209: 10198: 10192: 10170: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10151: 10150: 10133: 10110: 10088:DeYoung, Karen 10079: 10052: 10015: 10008: 9971: 9969: 9968: 9950:Worse Than War 9938: 9928: 9895: 9888: 9865: 9859:Joe Renouard, 9852: 9837: 9809: 9797: 9783:Democracy Now! 9769: 9736: 9715: 9705:978-1786090034 9704: 9696:Windmill Books 9679: 9667: 9639: 9630: 9597: 9586: 9553: 9546: 9511: 9506:The New Yorker 9493: 9488:Democracy Now! 9475: 9459: 9442: 9427: 9394: 9370:Peter Kornbluh 9362: 9347: 9325: 9308: 9283: 9261: 9242: 9220: 9191: 9165: 9139: 9128:. May 10, 2007 9113: 9075: 9070:Democracy Now! 9057: 9040: 9021:(4): 391–402. 9005: 8973: 8965: 8942: 8913: 8887: 8856: 8828: 8803:Jeremy Scahill 8795: 8779: 8751: 8742:|journal= 8708: 8662: 8641: 8626: 8603: 8591: 8575: 8561: 8536: 8510: 8503: 8485: 8459: 8433:(2): 307–333. 8413: 8387: 8363:(2): 189–202. 8341: 8310: 8308:. September 20 8292: 8266: 8253: 8231: 8224: 8218:. p. 27. 8200: 8197:pp. 80–81 8157: 8129: 8118: 8094: 8073: 8052: 8041: 8019: 7986: 7979: 7955: 7948: 7942:. p. 94. 7924: 7917: 7893: 7865: 7836: 7816: 7788: 7781: 7757: 7739: 7726:Foreign Policy 7711: 7682: 7663: 7639: 7636:. defense.gov. 7625: 7599: 7566: 7559: 7530: 7512: 7473: 7447: 7421: 7409: 7397: 7385: 7373: 7346: 7328: 7301: 7289: 7262: 7237: 7225: 7207: 7195: 7183:News.yahoo.com 7167: 7141: 7139:, CNN Cold War 7122: 7110: 7087: 7061: 7014: 6995:(2): 410–424. 6975: 6949: 6924: 6898: 6866: 6841: 6808: 6777: 6752: 6740: 6724: 6709: 6692: 6674: 6655:Rosner, Shmuel 6646: 6628: 6616: 6581:(1): 126–135. 6561: 6538: 6519: 6496: 6467: 6457:Shanker, Tom. 6450: 6443: 6423: 6386: 6360: 6344: 6318: 6299:(3): 642–643. 6283: 6257: 6228: 6218: 6192: 6177: 6149: 6123: 6109: 6090: 6062: 6026: 6004: 5978: 5966: 5963:Kyoto Protocol 5954: 5947: 5928: 5899: 5875: 5850: 5821: 5792: 5764: 5735: 5710: 5686: 5661: 5657:Deutsche Welle 5645: 5629: 5612: 5599:China-US Focus 5586: 5560: 5523: 5498: 5464: 5442: 5416: 5404:Foreign Policy 5390: 5367: 5359:Colin Dueck, 5352: 5335: 5314:(2): 159–184. 5294: 5287: 5267: 5254: 5207: 5180:(2): 209–243. 5160: 5142: 5117: 5092: 5072: 5059: 5044: 5019: 5000: 4974: 4946: 4921: 4895: 4864: 4844: 4819: 4807: 4795:www.senate.gov 4782: 4756: 4749: 4726: 4719: 4699: 4641: 4616: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4552: 4547: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4501: 4498: 4497: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4469: 4466: 4465: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4427: 4424: 4412:Charles Horman 4357: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4340:War Powers Act 4279: 4276: 4267:Niall Ferguson 4234:Vincent Bevins 4218:anti-Communist 4167:of Argentina, 4163:of Guatemala, 4125: 4122: 4121: 4120: 4109: 4102: 4099: 4096:George W. Bush 4092: 4085: 3950: 3947: 3899:George W. Bush 3871: > +65 3867: 3861: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3841: -4 to +4 3837: 3831: 3829: < -40 3825: 3817: 3816:Global opinion 3814: 3787: 3786: 3751: 3749: 3742: 3730: 3727: 3709:René Schneider 3605:Operation Ajax 3585:Brazil in 1964 3548:Foreign Policy 3541: 3540: 3538: 3537: 3530: 3523: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3508: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3479: 3478: 3475: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3320: 3317: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3300: 3299: 3264: 3262: 3255: 3249: 3246: 3236: 3233: 3197: 3194: 3149: 3146: 3111: 3108: 3023:Czech Republic 2978: 2975: 2972: 2971: 2968: 2954: 2953: 2950: 2936: 2935: 2932: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2900: 2899: 2896: 2882: 2881: 2878: 2864: 2863: 2860: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2828: 2827: 2824: 2810: 2809: 2806: 2792: 2791: 2788: 2725: 2722: 2643: 2634: 2624: 2603: 2600: 2562:Defense treaty 2548: 2547:Defense policy 2545: 2480:Main article: 2477: 2474: 2423:Nixon Doctrine 2390:Main article: 2387: 2384: 2367:Main article: 2364: 2361: 2357:European Union 2349:Main article: 2346: 2343: 2321:Main article: 2318: 2315: 2293:Main article: 2290: 2287: 2270:Main article: 2267: 2264: 2255: 2254: 2234: 2232: 2221: 2218: 2059:Main article: 2056: 2053: 2016: 2013: 2012: 2011: 2001: 1996: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1966: 1963:Kyoto Protocol 1960: 1954: 1948: 1942: 1936: 1930: 1924: 1918: 1912: 1906: 1885:climate change 1870: 1869: 1854:. Discuss and 1841: 1839: 1832: 1825: 1824: 1783: 1781: 1774: 1767: 1766: 1725: 1723: 1716: 1709: 1708: 1674: 1672: 1665: 1653: 1650: 1642:Group of Seven 1606:United Nations 1563: 1560: 1539: 1536: 1387:climate change 1383:European Union 1319: 1316: 1300:Robert A. Taft 1287:anti-Communist 1211:Main article: 1208: 1205: 1182:King Abdulaziz 1179: 1178: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1155: 1154: 1150:United Nations 1077: 1074: 1024: 1023: 1003: 1001: 966: 963: 923: 920: 824: 821: 762: 759: 747:realist school 715: 714: 673: 671: 664: 658: 655: 640:Reid v. Covert 629:Reid v. Covert 562: 559: 499: 496: 456: 450: 446:Talisman Sabre 432: 423: 410: 400: 391: 385: 363: 354: 341: 340: 338: 337: 330: 323: 315: 312: 311: 310: 309: 304: 299: 292: 290:Exceptionalism 284: 283: 279: 278: 276: 275: 265: 260: 255: 250: 248:Foreign policy 245: 237: 236: 235:Foreign policy 232: 231: 229: 228: 223: 218: 213: 208: 200: 199: 195: 194: 192: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 163: 162: 158: 157: 147: 146: 61: 59: 52: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16131: 16120: 16117: 16115: 16112: 16110: 16107: 16105: 16102: 16101: 16099: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16076: 16075: 16070: 16066: 16063: 16059: 16058: 16054: 16040: 16037: 16035: 16032: 16030: 16027: 16023: 16020: 16019: 16018: 16015: 16011: 16008: 16007: 16006: 16003: 16001: 15998: 15996: 15993: 15991: 15988: 15986: 15983: 15981: 15978: 15974: 15971: 15969: 15966: 15965: 15964: 15961: 15959: 15958:Energy policy 15956: 15952: 15949: 15947: 15944: 15942: 15939: 15937: 15934: 15932: 15929: 15927: 15924: 15922: 15919: 15917: 15914: 15913: 15912: 15909: 15907: 15904: 15900: 15899:incarceration 15897: 15896: 15895: 15892: 15890: 15887: 15886: 15884: 15880: 15874: 15871: 15869: 15866: 15864: 15861: 15859: 15856: 15854: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15844: 15841: 15839: 15836: 15834: 15831: 15829: 15826: 15822: 15819: 15817: 15814: 15812: 15809: 15808: 15807: 15804: 15800: 15797: 15795: 15792: 15790: 15787: 15785: 15784:Prenatal care 15782: 15780: 15779:Birth control 15777: 15775: 15772: 15771: 15770: 15767: 15765: 15762: 15761: 15759: 15757: 15753: 15747: 15744: 15742: 15739: 15737: 15734: 15732: 15729: 15727: 15724: 15722: 15719: 15717: 15716:Homeownership 15714: 15712: 15709: 15707: 15704: 15702: 15699: 15697: 15694: 15693: 15691: 15689: 15685: 15679: 15676: 15674: 15671: 15669: 15666: 15664: 15661: 15659: 15656: 15654: 15651: 15649: 15646: 15644: 15641: 15639: 15636: 15634: 15631: 15629: 15626: 15624: 15621: 15619: 15616: 15612: 15609: 15607: 15604: 15602: 15599: 15597: 15594: 15593: 15592: 15589: 15587: 15584: 15582: 15579: 15577: 15574: 15570: 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15217: 15214: 15212: 15209: 15205: 15202: 15200: 15197: 15195: 15192: 15190: 15187: 15185: 15182: 15180: 15179:Manufacturing 15177: 15175: 15172: 15170: 15167: 15165: 15162: 15160: 15157: 15155: 15152: 15150: 15147: 15146: 15145: 15142: 15141: 15138: 15135: 15133: 15129: 15115: 15112: 15108: 15107:Third parties 15105: 15103: 15100: 15098: 15095: 15094: 15093: 15090: 15086: 15083: 15081: 15078: 15076: 15073: 15072: 15071: 15068: 15066: 15063: 15059: 15056: 15055: 15054: 15051: 15047: 15044: 15042: 15039: 15038: 15037: 15034: 15032: 15029: 15028: 15025: 15013: 15010: 15009: 15008: 15005: 15004: 15002: 15000: 14996: 14990: 14987: 14985: 14982: 14981: 14979: 14977: 14973: 14967: 14964: 14962: 14959: 14957: 14954: 14952: 14949: 14947: 14944: 14942: 14939: 14937: 14934: 14932: 14929: 14927: 14924: 14922: 14919: 14918: 14916: 14912: 14906: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14896: 14893: 14891: 14888: 14887: 14885: 14883: 14879: 14876: 14874: 14870: 14864: 14861: 14857: 14854: 14853: 14852: 14849: 14845: 14842: 14840: 14837: 14835: 14832: 14831: 14830: 14827: 14825: 14822: 14821: 14819: 14817: 14813: 14803: 14800: 14798: 14795: 14793: 14790: 14788: 14785: 14784: 14782: 14780: 14776: 14768: 14765: 14764: 14763: 14760: 14756: 14753: 14752: 14751: 14748: 14747: 14745: 14743: 14739: 14733: 14730: 14728: 14725: 14724: 14722: 14720: 14716: 14708: 14705: 14704: 14703: 14700: 14698: 14695: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14678: 14675: 14673: 14670: 14668: 14665: 14661: 14658: 14657: 14656: 14653: 14649: 14646: 14645: 14644: 14641: 14640: 14638: 14636: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14621: 14616: 14612: 14602: 14599: 14597: 14594: 14590: 14587: 14585: 14582: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14572: 14570: 14567: 14565: 14562: 14560: 14557: 14556: 14555: 14552: 14551: 14549: 14547: 14543: 14537: 14534: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14511: 14510: 14507: 14505: 14502: 14498: 14495: 14494: 14493: 14490: 14489: 14487: 14485: 14481: 14475: 14474:U.S. attorney 14472: 14470: 14467: 14463: 14460: 14458: 14455: 14454: 14453: 14449: 14446: 14442: 14439: 14438: 14437: 14434: 14430: 14427: 14425: 14422: 14420: 14419:Chief Justice 14417: 14416: 14415: 14414:Supreme Court 14412: 14411: 14409: 14407: 14403: 14397: 14394: 14392: 14389: 14387: 14384: 14382: 14379: 14377: 14374: 14370: 14367: 14365: 14362: 14360: 14357: 14356: 14355: 14352: 14348: 14345: 14343: 14340: 14339: 14338: 14335: 14334: 14332: 14330: 14326: 14320: 14319:Public policy 14317: 14315: 14314:Civil service 14312: 14310: 14307: 14303: 14300: 14298: 14295: 14293: 14290: 14288: 14285: 14283: 14280: 14278: 14275: 14273: 14270: 14268: 14265: 14263: 14260: 14259: 14258: 14255: 14251: 14248: 14246: 14243: 14241: 14238: 14236: 14233: 14232: 14231: 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14204: 14201: 14199: 14196: 14195: 14194: 14191: 14190: 14188: 14184: 14181: 14179: 14175: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14162: 14152: 14149: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14135: 14132: 14130: 14127: 14125: 14122: 14120: 14117: 14115: 14112: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14100: 14097: 14096: 14095: 14091: 14087: 14084: 14082: 14079: 14077: 14074: 14072: 14069: 14067: 14064: 14062: 14059: 14057: 14054: 14052: 14049: 14047: 14044: 14042: 14039: 14037: 14034: 14032: 14029: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14003: 14002: 13999: 13995: 13992: 13991: 13990: 13987: 13983: 13982:Sierra Nevada 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13968: 13965: 13963: 13960: 13959: 13958: 13955: 13953: 13950: 13948: 13945: 13943: 13940: 13936: 13933: 13931: 13928: 13926: 13923: 13921: 13920:insular zones 13918: 13916: 13913: 13911: 13908: 13906: 13903: 13901: 13898: 13896: 13893: 13892: 13891: 13888: 13887: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13875: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13857: 13855: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13837: 13835: 13832: 13830: 13827: 13826: 13824: 13820: 13814: 13811: 13809: 13806: 13802: 13799: 13797: 13794: 13793: 13792: 13791:War on Terror 13789: 13787: 13784: 13782: 13779: 13777: 13774: 13772: 13771:LGBT Movement 13769: 13767: 13764: 13762: 13759: 13757: 13754: 13752: 13749: 13747: 13744: 13740: 13737: 13736: 13735: 13732: 13730: 13727: 13725: 13722: 13720: 13717: 13715: 13712: 13710: 13707: 13703: 13700: 13698: 13695: 13693: 13690: 13689: 13687: 13685: 13682: 13680: 13677: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13665: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13655: 13652: 13650: 13647: 13645: 13642: 13640: 13637: 13635: 13632: 13628: 13625: 13623: 13620: 13619: 13618: 13615: 13613: 13610: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13597: 13596: 13593: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13580: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13571: 13569: 13566: 13564: 13561: 13557: 13554: 13552: 13549: 13547: 13544: 13542: 13539: 13537: 13534: 13532: 13529: 13527: 13524: 13523: 13522: 13519: 13517: 13514: 13513: 13511: 13507: 13501: 13498: 13496: 13493: 13491: 13488: 13486: 13483: 13481: 13478: 13476: 13473: 13471: 13468: 13466: 13463: 13461: 13458: 13456: 13453: 13451: 13448: 13447: 13445: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13432: 13427: 13426:United States 13420: 13415: 13413: 13408: 13406: 13401: 13400: 13397: 13377: 13374: 13372: 13369: 13367: 13364: 13362: 13359: 13357: 13354: 13352: 13349: 13347: 13346:Domino theory 13344: 13342: 13339: 13337: 13334: 13332: 13329: 13328: 13326: 13320: 13314: 13311: 13309: 13306: 13304: 13301: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13280: 13278: 13274: 13268: 13265: 13263: 13260: 13258: 13255: 13253: 13250: 13248: 13245: 13243: 13240: 13238: 13235: 13233: 13230: 13228: 13225: 13223: 13220: 13218: 13215: 13213: 13210: 13208: 13205: 13203: 13200: 13199: 13197: 13195: 13189: 13185: 13180: 13174: 13170: 13160: 13157: 13155: 13152: 13150: 13147: 13145: 13142: 13140: 13137: 13135: 13132: 13130: 13129:Latin America 13127: 13125: 13122: 13120: 13117: 13115: 13112: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13101: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13084: 13070: 13067: 13065: 13062: 13060: 13057: 13055: 13052: 13050: 13047: 13045: 13042: 13040: 13037: 13035: 13032: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13010: 13007: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12980: 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12949:German Empire 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12896: 12894: 12892:Former states 12890: 12880: 12877: 12875: 12872: 12870: 12867: 12865: 12862: 12861: 12859: 12855: 12849: 12846: 12844: 12841: 12839: 12836: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12825: 12823: 12819: 12813: 12810: 12808: 12805: 12803: 12800: 12798: 12795: 12794: 12792: 12788: 12782: 12779: 12777: 12774: 12773: 12771: 12767: 12764: 12760: 12750: 12747: 12745: 12742: 12740: 12737: 12735: 12732: 12730: 12729:Liechtenstein 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12710: 12707: 12706: 12704: 12700: 12694: 12691: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12674: 12671: 12669: 12666: 12664: 12661: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12651: 12649: 12646: 12644: 12641: 12639: 12636: 12632: 12629: 12628: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12612: 12609: 12607: 12604: 12603: 12601: 12597: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12575: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12525: 12523: 12519: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12490: 12486: 12483: 12482: 12481: 12478: 12476: 12473: 12471: 12468: 12466: 12463: 12461: 12458: 12457: 12455: 12451: 12448: 12444: 12434: 12431: 12429: 12426: 12424: 12421: 12419: 12416: 12414: 12411: 12409: 12406: 12404: 12401: 12399: 12396: 12394: 12391: 12389: 12386: 12384: 12381: 12377: 12374: 12373: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12354: 12352: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12338: 12336: 12332: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12272: 12270: 12266: 12260: 12257: 12253: 12250: 12249: 12248: 12245: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12230: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12215: 12214: 12212: 12208: 12202: 12199: 12197: 12194: 12192: 12189: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12175: 12172: 12170: 12167: 12166: 12165: 12162: 12161: 12159: 12155: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12134: 12131: 12129: 12126: 12125: 12123: 12119: 12116: 12112: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12037: 12029: 12026: 12025: 12024: 12021: 12020: 12018: 12014: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11969: 11967: 11963: 11957: 11954: 11952: 11949: 11947: 11944: 11942: 11939: 11937: 11934: 11932: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11893: 11891: 11887: 11884: 11880: 11870: 11867: 11865: 11862: 11860: 11857: 11855: 11852: 11850: 11847: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11837: 11835: 11832: 11830: 11829:Guinea-Bissau 11827: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11809:Côte d'Ivoire 11807: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11791: 11789: 11785: 11779: 11776: 11774: 11771: 11769: 11766: 11764: 11761: 11759: 11756: 11755: 11753: 11749: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11731: 11728: 11727: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11711: 11708: 11707: 11705: 11701: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11668: 11665: 11664: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11599: 11597: 11593: 11587: 11584: 11582: 11579: 11577: 11574: 11572: 11569: 11567: 11564: 11562: 11559: 11557: 11554: 11552: 11549: 11547: 11544: 11543: 11541: 11537: 11534: 11530: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11512: 11508: 11503: 11494: 11489: 11487: 11482: 11480: 11475: 11474: 11471: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11441: 11439: 11437: 11433: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11417: 11414: 11413: 11411: 11409: 11405: 11399: 11396: 11394: 11391: 11390: 11388: 11386: 11382: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11362: 11360: 11358: 11354: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11339: 11337: 11335: 11331: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11312: 11310: 11308:By Presidency 11306: 11300: 11297: 11296: 11294: 11292: 11288: 11282: 11279: 11278: 11276: 11274: 11270: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11234:G. H. W. Bush 11232: 11230: 11227: 11225: 11222: 11220: 11217: 11215: 11212: 11210: 11209:L. B. Johnson 11207: 11205: 11202: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11167:By Presidency 11165: 11157: 11154: 11153: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11138: 11136: 11134: 11130: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11110: 11107: 11106: 11104: 11102:By Presidency 11100: 11092: 11089: 11088: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11074: 11073:Environmental 11070: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11051: 11049: 11047:By Presidency 11045: 11039: 11036: 11032: 11029: 11028: 11027: 11024: 11022: 11019: 11018: 11016: 11014: 11010: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10962:By Presidency 10960: 10952: 10949: 10948: 10947: 10944: 10943: 10941: 10939: 10935: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10905: 10904:Great Society 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10876: 10874: 10872: 10868: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10798: 10795: 10791: 10784: 10779: 10777: 10772: 10770: 10765: 10764: 10761: 10754: 10753: 10748: 10745: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10725: 10722: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10711: 10708: 10705: 10702: 10699: 10698: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10659: 10656: 10653: 10652: 10647: 10646: 10635: 10634: 10629: 10626: 10625: 10620: 10616: 10610: 10606: 10601: 10598: 10594: 10592: 10588: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10575: 10573: 10569: 10568: 10564: 10561: 10558: 10554: 10551: 10547: 10544: 10540: 10536: 10530: 10526: 10522: 10518: 10514: 10510: 10506: 10502: 10498: 10494: 10490: 10486: 10482: 10477: 10474: 10473: 10468: 10465: 10462: 10461: 10456: 10452: 10446: 10442: 10441: 10435: 10432: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10418: 10415: 10411: 10408: 10407: 10402: 10399: 10395: 10392: 10391: 10386: 10384: 10380: 10376: 10372: 10368: 10366: 10362: 10358: 10354: 10350: 10347:(2): 91–114. 10346: 10342: 10337: 10335: 10331: 10327: 10325: 10321: 10317: 10314: 10310: 10307: 10303: 10301: 10297: 10293: 10289: 10287: 10283: 10279: 10276: 10275: 10270: 10267: 10266: 10261: 10259: 10255: 10251: 10248: 10244: 10240: 10237: 10236: 10231: 10228: 10227: 10222: 10221:Chomsky, Noam 10219: 10216: 10215: 10210: 10207: 10203: 10199: 10195: 10189: 10185: 10184:PublicAffairs 10181: 10180: 10175: 10171: 10169: 10165: 10161: 10160: 10147: 10143: 10137: 10121: 10114: 10099: 10098: 10093: 10089: 10083: 10067: 10063: 10056: 10050: 10046: 10042: 10038: 10035: 10031: 10027: 10026: 10019: 10011: 10005: 10001: 9997: 9993: 9989: 9985: 9981: 9975: 9966: 9965: 9963: 9959: 9955: 9954:PublicAffairs 9951: 9947: 9942: 9935: 9931: 9925: 9921: 9916: 9915: 9906: 9904: 9902: 9900: 9891: 9885: 9881: 9880: 9872: 9870: 9862: 9856: 9848: 9844: 9840: 9834: 9830: 9826: 9822: 9821: 9813: 9806: 9801: 9785: 9784: 9779: 9773: 9757: 9753: 9752: 9751:The Intercept 9747: 9740: 9732: 9731: 9726: 9719: 9712: 9707: 9701: 9697: 9693: 9689: 9688:Hickel, Jason 9683: 9676: 9671: 9663: 9659: 9654: 9646: 9644: 9634: 9628: 9624: 9620: 9616: 9612: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9594: 9589: 9583: 9579: 9575: 9571: 9567: 9563: 9557: 9549: 9543: 9539: 9535: 9531: 9527: 9526: 9518: 9516: 9508: 9507: 9502: 9497: 9491:May 31, 2016. 9490: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9472: 9468: 9463: 9456: 9452: 9446: 9439: 9436: 9431: 9425: 9421: 9417: 9413: 9409: 9408: 9401: 9399: 9392: 9389: 9385: 9381: 9380:The New Press 9377: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9358: 9354: 9350: 9344: 9340: 9336: 9329: 9322: 9318: 9312: 9297: 9293: 9287: 9271: 9265: 9257: 9253: 9246: 9230: 9224: 9217: 9206: 9202: 9195: 9179: 9175: 9169: 9154: 9150: 9143: 9127: 9123: 9117: 9102: 9098: 9094: 9090: 9086: 9079: 9072: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9054: 9050: 9044: 9036: 9032: 9028: 9024: 9020: 9016: 9009: 9002: 8996: 8992: 8988: 8987:Hoover Digest 8984: 8977: 8968: 8962: 8958: 8957: 8952: 8946: 8931: 8927: 8923: 8917: 8902: 8898: 8891: 8876: 8875: 8870: 8866: 8865:Grandin, Greg 8860: 8844: 8843: 8838: 8832: 8826: 8822: 8818: 8814: 8810: 8809: 8808:The Intercept 8804: 8799: 8792: 8788: 8783: 8768: 8767: 8762: 8755: 8747: 8734: 8719: 8712: 8697: 8693: 8689: 8685: 8681: 8677: 8673: 8666: 8659: 8658: 8654: 8651: 8645: 8639: 8637: 8635: 8630: 8614: 8607: 8600: 8595: 8589:print edition 8588: 8587:The Economist 8584: 8579: 8571: 8565: 8554: 8547: 8540: 8524: 8520: 8514: 8506: 8500: 8496: 8489: 8473: 8469: 8463: 8448: 8444: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8428: 8424: 8417: 8402: 8398: 8391: 8385: 8381: 8378: 8371: 8366: 8362: 8358: 8357: 8352: 8345: 8339: 8335: 8331: 8327: 8326:The New Press 8323: 8319: 8314: 8307: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8281: 8277: 8270: 8263: 8257: 8250: 8249: 8244: 8240: 8235: 8227: 8221: 8217: 8213: 8212: 8204: 8198: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8184: 8180: 8176: 8175: 8170: 8164: 8162: 8155: 8151: 8147: 8143: 8139: 8133: 8126: 8121: 8115: 8111: 8107: 8106: 8098: 8091: 8090: 8086: 8080: 8078: 8070: 8069: 8065: 8059: 8057: 8049: 8044: 8038: 8034: 8030: 8023: 8006: 8001: 7997: 7990: 7982: 7976: 7972: 7968: 7967: 7959: 7951: 7945: 7941: 7937: 7936: 7928: 7920: 7914: 7910: 7906: 7905: 7897: 7882: 7881: 7876: 7869: 7854: 7850: 7843: 7841: 7833: 7829: 7825: 7820: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7792: 7784: 7778: 7774: 7770: 7769: 7761: 7753: 7749: 7743: 7728: 7727: 7722: 7715: 7704: 7700: 7693: 7686: 7678: 7672: 7670: 7668: 7656: 7649: 7643: 7635: 7629: 7613: 7609: 7603: 7595: 7591: 7588:(2): 91–114. 7587: 7583: 7579: 7573: 7571: 7562: 7556: 7552: 7547: 7546: 7537: 7535: 7526: 7519: 7517: 7504: 7500: 7499: 7491: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7478: 7466:September 15, 7462: 7458: 7451: 7440:September 15, 7435: 7431: 7425: 7418: 7413: 7406: 7401: 7394: 7389: 7382: 7377: 7369: 7365: 7361: 7357: 7350: 7342: 7338: 7332: 7324: 7320: 7316: 7312: 7305: 7298: 7293: 7285: 7281: 7280: 7274: 7266: 7251: 7247: 7241: 7234: 7229: 7223: 7219: 7216: 7211: 7204: 7199: 7184: 7180: 7174: 7172: 7155: 7154:HowStuffWorks 7151: 7145: 7138: 7134: 7131: 7126: 7119: 7114: 7107: 7103: 7100: 7096: 7091: 7075: 7071: 7065: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7025: 7018: 7010: 7006: 7002: 6998: 6994: 6990: 6986: 6979: 6963: 6959: 6953: 6938: 6934: 6928: 6913: 6909: 6902: 6883: 6876: 6870: 6859: 6852: 6845: 6830:. May 3, 2022 6829: 6825: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6797: 6793: 6786: 6784: 6782: 6766: 6762: 6756: 6749: 6744: 6737: 6733: 6728: 6722: 6718: 6713: 6707: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6689: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6670: 6666: 6665: 6660: 6656: 6650: 6642: 6638: 6632: 6625: 6620: 6612: 6608: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6576: 6572: 6565: 6549: 6542: 6536: 6532: 6529: 6523: 6507: 6500: 6489: 6482: 6476: 6474: 6472: 6464: 6460: 6454: 6446: 6440: 6436: 6435: 6427: 6408: 6404: 6397: 6390: 6375: 6371: 6364: 6357: 6354: 6348: 6332: 6328: 6322: 6314: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6298: 6294: 6287: 6272: 6268: 6261: 6245: 6244: 6239: 6232: 6225: 6221: 6215: 6211: 6206: 6205: 6196: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6174: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6161: 6153: 6138: 6134: 6127: 6112: 6106: 6102: 6101: 6094: 6079: 6072: 6066: 6047: 6043: 6042:fpc.state.gov 6036: 6030: 6024: 6020: 6017: 6011: 6009: 5992: 5991:The Economist 5988: 5982: 5975: 5970: 5964: 5958: 5950: 5944: 5940: 5932: 5916: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5892: 5885: 5879: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5838: 5834: 5828: 5826: 5809: 5805: 5799: 5797: 5781: 5777: 5771: 5769: 5752: 5748: 5742: 5740: 5724: 5720: 5714: 5703: 5696: 5690: 5675: 5671: 5665: 5658: 5655: 5649: 5642: 5639: 5633: 5626: 5622: 5616: 5600: 5596: 5590: 5575: 5571: 5564: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5530: 5528: 5512:. White House 5508: 5502: 5491:September 14, 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5468: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5451: 5446: 5430: 5426: 5420: 5405: 5401: 5394: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5363: 5356: 5349: 5345: 5339: 5331: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5298: 5290: 5284: 5280: 5279: 5271: 5264: 5258: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5211: 5203: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5164: 5156: 5149: 5147: 5131: 5127: 5121: 5110: 5103: 5096: 5088: 5087: 5079: 5077: 5069: 5063: 5056: 5055: 5048: 5037:September 16, 5033: 5029: 5023: 5016: 5015: 5010: 5004: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4963: 4962: 4957: 4950: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4909: 4905: 4899: 4892: 4887: 4885: 4883: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4860: 4859: 4851: 4849: 4833: 4829: 4823: 4816: 4811: 4796: 4792: 4786: 4770: 4766: 4760: 4752: 4746: 4742: 4741: 4733: 4731: 4722: 4716: 4712: 4711: 4703: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4648: 4646: 4630: 4626: 4620: 4605: 4601: 4595: 4591: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4562: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4545: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4533:Bush Doctrine 4531: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4423: 4421: 4417: 4416:Frank Teruggi 4413: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4321: 4317: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4275: 4273: 4268: 4264: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4245: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4212: 4208: 4207:Hissène Habré 4204: 4203:Ronald Reagan 4200: 4196: 4194: 4193:Southern Cone 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4169:Hissène Habré 4166: 4162: 4159:of Paraguay, 4158: 4154: 4145: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4118: 4117:Ronald Reagan 4114: 4110: 4107: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4093: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4081: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4074:Ronald Reagan 4071: 4065: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4050: 4048: 4042: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4015: 4012: 4008: 4003: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3987: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3964: 3960: 3955: 3946: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3919: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3895: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3822: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3797: 3793: 3783: 3773: 3769: 3763: 3761: 3757: 3752:This section 3750: 3741: 3740: 3736: 3726: 3724: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3703:In 1970, the 3701: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3652:Jacobo Árbenz 3649: 3648: 3642: 3640: 3636: 3633: 3629: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3611: 3607: 3606: 3600: 3598: 3597:Syria in 1949 3594: 3590: 3589:Chile in 1973 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3573:Congo in 1960 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3549: 3536: 3531: 3529: 3524: 3522: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3513: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3487: 3481: 3480: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3311: 3310:regime change 3306: 3305: 3296: 3286: 3282: 3276: 3274: 3270: 3265:This section 3263: 3254: 3253: 3245: 3242: 3235:Covert action 3232: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3217: 3215: 3211: 3210:trade secrets 3207: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3177: 3175: 3172:, led by the 3171: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3152: 3145: 3143: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3107: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3094: 3089: 3084: 3081: 3076: 3075:envoy, said. 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3002: 2998: 2997:Ronald Reagan 2994: 2988: 2984: 2969: 2967: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2949: 2938: 2937: 2933: 2931: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2913: 2902: 2901: 2897: 2895: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2877: 2866: 2865: 2861: 2859: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2841: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2823: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2805: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2761:Allied powers 2758: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2717: 2710: 2705: 2701: 2699: 2695: 2689: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2650: 2641: 2631: 2620: 2616: 2614: 2610: 2599: 2597: 2592: 2586: 2584: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2563: 2559: 2554: 2544: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2483: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2448: 2447:Iran–Iraq War 2444: 2440: 2439:Ronald Reagan 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2370: 2363:Latin America 2360: 2358: 2352: 2342: 2340: 2335: 2331: 2324: 2314: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2296: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2273: 2262: 2251: 2242: 2238: 2235:This section 2233: 2230: 2226: 2225: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2189: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2104: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2068: 2062: 2052: 2050: 2045: 2039: 2037: 2033: 2026: 2022: 2009: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1889:death penalty 1886: 1882: 1876: 1866: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1847: 1840: 1831: 1830: 1821: 1818: 1810: 1800: 1796: 1790: 1789: 1784:This section 1782: 1773: 1772: 1763: 1760: 1752: 1742: 1738: 1732: 1731: 1726:This section 1724: 1720: 1715: 1714: 1705: 1696:is available. 1695: 1691: 1685: 1684: 1680: 1675:This article 1673: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1546: 1535: 1533: 1528: 1527:South America 1524: 1520: 1519:South America 1515: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1477:Advancing a " 1475: 1473: 1468: 1467: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1427:Islamic State 1424: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1406:war on terror 1403: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1276: 1271: 1267: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1235:Marshall Plan 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1219:Marshall Plan 1214: 1204: 1201: 1191: 1187: 1184:and (Bottom) 1183: 1173: 1162: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1112: 1111:Joseph Stalin 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1087: 1083: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1020: 1011: 1007: 1004:This section 1002: 999: 995: 994: 991: 989: 984: 980: 976: 972: 962: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 929: 919: 916: 912: 908: 903: 898: 896: 893:in 1842. The 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 867:Latin America 864: 859: 856: 853:in 1801. The 852: 848: 844: 838: 834: 830: 820: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 780: 772: 767: 758: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 726: 722: 711: 708: 700: 690: 686: 680: 679: 674:This section 672: 668: 663: 662: 654: 652: 651: 645: 641: 637: 636: 631: 630: 625: 624: 619: 616:treaty under 614: 610: 605: 603: 598: 596: 592: 587: 586:Supreme Court 583: 582: 577: 573: 568: 567:Treaty Clause 558: 554: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 531: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 495: 493: 488: 483: 481: 476: 472: 468: 447: 443: 439: 430: 421: 417: 407: 398: 397:defense pacts 382: 378: 374: 370: 361: 360:United States 352: 347: 336: 331: 329: 324: 322: 317: 316: 314: 313: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 297: 296:Pax Americana 293: 291: 288: 287: 286: 285: 281: 280: 273: 272:Latin America 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 240: 239: 238: 234: 233: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 203: 202: 201: 197: 196: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 166: 165: 164: 160: 159: 153: 152: 143: 140: 132: 121: 118: 114: 111: 107: 104: 100: 97: 93: 90: – 89: 85: 84:Find sources: 78: 74: 68: 67: 62:This article 60: 56: 51: 50: 47: 43: 41: 33: 19: 16000:Human rights 15980:Gun politics 15931:Islamophobia 15921:antisemitism 15789:Hospice care 15731:Middle class 15711:Homelessness 15688:Social class 15648:Social class 15512:Human rights 15502:Homelessness 15414:middle class 15379:Demographics 15354:Architecture 15261:Unemployment 15241:Labor unions 15057: 14989:Town meeting 14966:City council 14961:City manager 14702:State police 14564:Marine Corps 14554:Armed Forces 14529:civil rights 14509:Constitution 14081:Southwestern 14076:Southeastern 14066:Northwestern 14061:Northeastern 14026:Mid-Atlantic 14016:Great Plains 13734:World War II 13617:Constitution 13521:Colonial era 13500:2008–present 13336:China policy 13322:Policies and 13192:Presidential 13178: 13092:Multilateral 13044:Soviet Union 13009:Papal States 12939:East Germany 12864:Cook Islands 12485:Transnistria 12413:Saudi Arabia 12143:Turkmenistan 11864:Sierra Leone 11799:Burkina Faso 11778:South Africa 11174:T. Roosevelt 11132: 10899:New Frontier 10801:Agricultural 10750: 10676: 10649: 10631: 10622: 10604: 10596: 10586: 10577: 10565: 10556: 10549: 10520: 10517:Moyn, Samuel 10484: 10480: 10470: 10458: 10439: 10430: 10420: 10413: 10404: 10397: 10388: 10370: 10360: 10344: 10340: 10329: 10319: 10312: 10305: 10281: 10272: 10263: 10253: 10242: 10233: 10224: 10213: 10205: 10177: 10163: 10145: 10136: 10126:December 25, 10124:. Retrieved 10113: 10101:. Retrieved 10095: 10082: 10070:. Retrieved 10066:The Guardian 10065: 10055: 10024: 10018: 9995: 9974: 9949: 9941: 9933: 9913: 9878: 9860: 9855: 9823:. Palgrave. 9819: 9812: 9800: 9788:. Retrieved 9781: 9772: 9762:November 16, 9760:. Retrieved 9749: 9739: 9728: 9718: 9709: 9691: 9682: 9670: 9657: 9633: 9608: 9605:Greg Grandin 9600: 9591: 9569: 9556: 9524: 9504: 9496: 9486: 9478: 9470: 9462: 9455:The Guardian 9454: 9445: 9437: 9430: 9405: 9373: 9365: 9334: 9328: 9311: 9299:. Retrieved 9295: 9286: 9274:. Retrieved 9264: 9255: 9245: 9233:. Retrieved 9223: 9215: 9210:December 26, 9208:. Retrieved 9204: 9194: 9182:. Retrieved 9178:the original 9168: 9156:. Retrieved 9152: 9142: 9132:February 18, 9130:. Retrieved 9125: 9116: 9104:. Retrieved 9092: 9088: 9078: 9068: 9060: 9052: 9043: 9018: 9014: 9008: 8995:the original 8990: 8986: 8976: 8956:Never at War 8955: 8945: 8933:. Retrieved 8930:The Guardian 8929: 8916: 8904:. Retrieved 8900: 8890: 8878:. Retrieved 8872: 8859: 8849:November 20, 8847:. Retrieved 8840: 8831: 8812: 8806: 8798: 8782: 8772:November 15, 8770:. Retrieved 8764: 8754: 8733:cite journal 8721:. Retrieved 8711: 8699:. Retrieved 8682:(4): 48–69. 8679: 8675: 8665: 8648: 8644: 8629: 8617:. Retrieved 8615:. Nypost.com 8606: 8594: 8586: 8578: 8564: 8539: 8527:. Retrieved 8522: 8513: 8494: 8488: 8476:. Retrieved 8471: 8462: 8450:. Retrieved 8430: 8426: 8416: 8404:. Retrieved 8400: 8390: 8360: 8354: 8344: 8321: 8313: 8303: 8295: 8283:. 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Retrieved 4603: 4594: 4554: 4542: 4500:Intelligence 4409: 4394: 4386:Soviet Union 4373:South Africa 4358: 4325: 4278:Human rights 4265: 4246: 4230:Jason Hickel 4215: 4185:Global South 4149: 4144:Saudi Arabia 4078: 4070:Bill Clinton 4066: 4053: 4051: 4043: 4039:Soviet Union 4031:Allen Dulles 4016: 4004: 3988: 3978: 3968: 3920: 3916: 3875: 3790: 3777: 3766:Please help 3754:may contain 3753: 3729:Public image 3720: 3717: 3702: 3692: 3681: 3668:land reforms 3646: 3643: 3608:against the 3603: 3601: 3565:Iran in 1953 3546: 3544: 3484:21st century 3462:1983 Grenada 3318:20th century 3290: 3279:Please help 3267:may contain 3266: 3238: 3218: 3199: 3178: 3167: 3151: 3138: 3104: 3097: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3077: 3058: 3050:new Cold War 3039: 3020: 3007: 2990: 2780: 2773: 2753: 2724:Military aid 2690: 2658:NATO charter 2655: 2605: 2587: 2567: 2485: 2458:Persian Gulf 2454:oil reserves 2451: 2435:Persian Gulf 2407: 2376:Panama Canal 2372: 2354: 2326: 2298: 2275: 2245: 2241:adding to it 2236: 2210:U.S. economy 2190: 2155:, Pakistan, 2105: 2093:War on Drugs 2075:, including 2070: 2061:War on drugs 2055:War on Drugs 2040: 2028: 1893: 1877: 1873: 1860: 1846:undue weight 1843: 1813: 1804: 1793:Please help 1785: 1755: 1746: 1735:Please help 1730:verification 1727: 1699: 1694:Editing help 1676: 1603: 1592:. 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In 2013, 1371:Mike Pompeo 1251:Afghanistan 1247:Vietnam War 1239:containment 1180:(Top) Both 934:great power 809:War of 1812 735:World War I 650:ultra vires 644:reservation 492:foreign aid 243:Imperialism 189:Ceded lands 161:Colonialism 16098:Categories 16039:Xenophobia 15828:Disability 15769:Healthcare 15678:Visual art 15623:Philosophy 15569:television 15559:newspapers 15549:journalism 15539:Literature 15451:attainment 15102:Republican 15097:Democratic 15070:Ideologies 15031:Corruption 14596:NOAA Corps 14519:preemption 14514:federalism 14129:Rio Grande 14031:Midwestern 14011:West Coast 14006:East Coast 13849:Inventions 13761:Space Race 13756:Korean War 13739:home front 13674:Gilded Age 13298:Weinberger 13227:Eisenhower 13181:, concepts 13069:Yugoslavia 12838:Micronesia 12821:Micronesia 12734:Luxembourg 12678:San Marino 12663:Montenegro 12346:Azerbaijan 12285:East Timor 12222:Bangladesh 12148:Uzbekistan 12138:Tajikistan 12133:Kyrgyzstan 12128:Kazakhstan 11977:Costa Rica 11844:Mauritania 11814:The Gambia 11804:Cape Verde 11667:Somaliland 11657:Seychelles 11647:Mozambique 11632:Madagascar 11244:G. 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