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261:) that can be used in a radial motor. Even within the same electrical operating principle, different application and design considerations can make one geometry more suitable than the other. Axial geometries allow some magnetic topologies that would not be practical in a radial geometry. Axial motors are typically shorter and wider than an equivalent radial motor.
226:
In one example, grain-oriented (30Q120) steel was used to make the stator tooth for an induction motor. It used 18 teeth between the two rotors. Each stator tooth was wound with coils connected in series, 6 for each phase. The magnetic potential adds the air gap magnetic potential, stator tooth
222:
AFMs can use single or dual rotors or single or dual stators. The dual stator/single rotor design is more common in high power applications, although it requires a yoke (housing) with accompanying iron losses. Single stator/dual rotor designs can dispense with the yoke, saving its weight and
56:. With axial flux geometry torque increases with the cube of the rotor diameter, whereas in a radial flux the increase is only quadratic. Axial flux motors have a larger magnetic surface and overall surface area (for cooling) than radial flux motors for a given volume.
51:
construction where the gap between the rotor and stator, and therefore the direction of magnetic flux between the two, is aligned parallel with the axis of rotation, rather than radially as with the concentric cylindrical geometry of the more common
394:
349:
Evolito makes AFMs for the 3-motor Rolls Royce Spirit of
Aviation. Their target is aircraft motors that deliver 50 watts/kg, to allow for the substantial weight reductions needed to enable electric-powered flight.
268:(PCB), and can use PCB traces as the stator windings. High-power, brushless axial motors are more recent, but are beginning to see usage in some electric vehicles. One of the longest produced axial motors is the
238:
Although this geometry has been used since the first electromagnetic motors were developed, its usage was rare until the widespread availability of strong permanent magnets and the development of
230:
AFMs can be stacked to provide higher power output in modular fashion. YASA's 37 kg stackable 750 R motor delivers >5kw/kg with an axial length of 98 mm (3.9 in).
309:
and the Lola-Drayson. The company is investigating the potential for placing motors inside wheels, given that AFM's low mass does not excessively increase a vehicle's
264:
Axial motors have been commonly used for low-power applications, especially in tightly integrated electronics since the motor can be built directly upon a
437:
223:
increasing efficiency. In the latter, the rotors and their iron plates that close the flux move in the same direction/speed as the magnetic field.
31:
drive, showing the integration with PCB construction techniques. The rotor shown to the right is magnetized axially with alternating polarity.
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313:. YASA is targeting motors that deliver 220 kw in a 7 kg package, or 31 kW/kg. By contrast, the state of the art EV motor from
19:
275:, where the rotor is almost entirely composed of flat copper strips with small iron cores inserted, allowing power-dense operation.
708:"Siemens and Emrax claim best power to weight ratio for electric motors in the 5 to 10 kilowatt per kg range | NextBigFuture.com"
369:"Design of axial-flux permanent-magnet low-speed machines and performance comparison between radial-flux and axial-flux machines"
368:
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777:"Systematic Comparison of Two Axial Flux PM Machine Topologies: Yokeless and Segmented Armature versus Single Sided"
392:, Woolmer, Timothy; King, Charles & East, Mark et al., "Axial flux motor", issued 2014-09-03
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Since the coils are flat, rectangular copper strips can more easily be used, simplifying high-current windings.
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632:"An Innovative EV Motor Used by Lamborghini, McLaren, and Ferrari Is Being Mass-Produced by Mercedes"
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734:"A Yokeless Axial Flux Induction Motor for Electric Vehicles Based on Grain-oriented Silicon Steel"
489:"A Yokeless Axial Flux Induction Motor for Electric Vehicles Based on Grain-oriented Silicon Steel"
329:, holder of the current world speed record for an electric aircraft, uses three axial flux motors.
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Taran, Narges; Heins, Greg; Rallabandi, Vandana; Patterson, Dean; Ionel, Dan M. (September 2019).
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subsidiary YASA (Yokeless and
Segmented Armature) makes AFMs that have powered various concept (
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Most structural components are flat and can be produced without specialised casting or tooling.
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The segments narrow towards the centre, leaving less room to arrange windings and connections.
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A motor can be built upon any flat structure, such as a PCB, by adding coils and a bearing.
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electrical steel can be easily used, offering higher permeability and lower core losses.
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555:"This Inside-Out Motor for EVs Is Power Dense and (Finally) Practical"
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Axial geometry can be applied to almost any operating principle (e.g.
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604:"YASA & Mercedes Benz | A message from our Chairman | YASA Ltd"
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664:"Electric Planes Are FINALLY Here and They're Breaking Records!"
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magnetic potential and rotor yoke and tooth magnetic potential.
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580:"About YASA | The History Of YASA Axial Flux Motors | YASA Ltd"
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It is often possible to make the rotor significantly lighter.
290:), prototype, and racing vehicles. It was also used in the
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2019 IEEE Energy
Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)
579:
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Since the magnetic path through the windings is straight,
242:, which could better exploit this geometry's advantages.
463:"Double-rotor or Double-stator: a Matter of Efficiency"
317:
offers a 500 kW, 31.4-kg motor, or 16 kW/kg.
732:
Huang, Pinglin; Li, Hang; Yang, Chen (February 2021).
487:
Huang, Pinglin; Li, Hang; Yang, Chen (February 2021).
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Uneven flux distribution due to wedge-shaped segments.
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The rotor is typically much wider, causing increased
1106:
Dual-rotor permanent magnet induction motor (DRPMIM)
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553:Moreels, Daan; Leijnen, Peter (30 Sep 2019).
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156:into consolidated sections based on topics.
98:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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343:(5.02 kw/kg), and Emrax 348 (4.87 kw/kg).
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512:
186:Potentially shorter magnetic path length.
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
207:can reduce the maximum rotational speed.
18:
335:makes a line of axial flux motors: the
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738:Journal of Physics: Conference Series
625:
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537:"750 R Electric Motors Product Sheet"
493:Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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96:adding citations to reliable sources
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16:Type of electric motor construction
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514:10.1088/1742-6596/1815/1/012042
367:Parviainen, Asko (April 2005).
346:Siemens offers a 5kw/kg motor.
1235:Timeline of the electric motor
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1020:Dahlander pole changing motor
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785:. IEEE. pp. 4477–4482.
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1059:Brushed DC electric motor
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1269:Experimental, futuristic
1186:Variable-frequency drive
1286:Superconducting machine
924:Coil winding technology
414:"Axial Flux technology"
233:
684:"348 (400kW | 1000Nm)"
32:
27:axial motor used in a
1327:Power-to-weight ratio
1191:Direct torque control
296:Ferrari SF90 Stradale
266:printed circuit board
22:
1322:Open-loop controller
1215:Ward Leonard control
939:DC injection braking
304:Lamborghini Revuelto
92:improve this section
29:Digital Data Storage
1225:History, education,
871:Alternating current
750:2021JPhCS1815a2042H
505:2021JPhCS1815a2042H
240:brushless DC motors
47:) is a geometry of
1388:Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
1347:Voltage controller
1302:Blocked-rotor test
1240:Ball bearing motor
1210:Motor soft starter
1164:AC-to-AC converter
1025:Wound-rotor (WRIM)
987:Electric generator
205:centrifugal forces
201:rotational inertia
33:
1481:
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1317:Open-circuit test
1156:Motor controllers
1037:Synchronous motor
859:Electric machines
800:978-1-7281-0395-2
327:Rolls-Royce ACCEL
292:Koenigsegg Regera
203:, and the higher
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54:radial flux motor
1501:
1332:Two-phase system
1312:Electromagnetism
1260:Mouse mill motor
1227:recreational use
1101:Permanent magnet
1030:Linear induction
883:Permanent magnet
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77:This section
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45:pancake motor
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712:. Retrieved
710:. 2015-04-20
702:
691:. Retrieved
687:
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611:. Retrieved
608:YASA Limited
607:
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587:. Retrieved
584:YASA Limited
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562:. Retrieved
558:
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471:. Retrieved
469:. 2021-08-28
466:
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446:. Retrieved
444:. 2020-10-12
442:EMWorks Blog
441:
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421:. Retrieved
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315:Lucid Motors
288:Jaguar C-X75
282:
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159:
154:rewriting it
152:Please help
144:
114:
105:
90:Please help
78:
44:
40:
36:
34:
25:DC brushless
23:A miniature
1250:Lynch motor
1015:Shaded-pole
901:accessories
467:traxial.com
390:EP2773023A1
273:Lynch motor
145:contains a
1146:Axial flux
1136:Ultrasonic
1111:Servomotor
1091:Doubly fed
1086:Reluctance
982:Alternator
974:Generators
944:Field coil
929:Commutator
889:commutated
887:SC - Self-
714:2024-03-31
693:2024-03-31
649:2024-05-13
613:2024-04-04
589:2024-04-04
473:2024-03-31
448:2022-04-08
423:2024-04-03
354:References
279:Automotive
270:brushed DC
259:reluctance
247:brushed DC
108:March 2022
1463:Steinmetz
1378:Davenport
1176:Amplidyne
1076:Universal
1054:Homopolar
1042:Repulsion
954:Slip ring
819:ignored (
809:cite book
768:1742-6596
644:1059-1028
523:1742-6596
341:Emrax 268
337:Emrax 228
251:induction
162:June 2023
79:does not
1488:Category
1468:Sturgeon
1398:Ferraris
1383:Davidson
1205:Metadyne
1121:Traction
1069:Unipolar
1049:DC motor
1005:AC motor
909:Armature
564:2 August
321:Aircraft
1458:Sprague
1453:Siemens
1428:Maxwell
1393:Faraday
1342:Starter
1281:Railgun
1276:Coilgun
1116:Stepper
964:Winding
746:Bibcode
669:YouTube
501:Bibcode
255:stepper
100:removed
85:sources
1448:Saxton
1433:Ørsted
1418:Jedlik
1413:Jacobi
1403:Gramme
1368:Barlow
1356:People
1181:Drives
1096:Linear
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869:AC -
688:EMRAX
636:Wired
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821:help
795:ISBN
764:ISSN
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566:2020
559:IEEE
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