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Overtaking

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design was introduced, called 'Duurzaam Veilig (Verkeer)', or "Sustainable (Road) Safety". The philosophy behind the new road design was that the road had to protect its users against death or injury, by creating a design that has to eliminate common mistakes that often lead to accidents. This vision moves the responsibility for road safety away from the road users towards road designers. The 'Duurzaam Veilig'-road design created 3 categories of roads: roads meant for local access, regional distributor roads (called 'gebiedsontsluitingswegen', or GOW) and national through roads, each with their own type of lines on the edge of the road, so road users would be able to recognize what type of road they were on and behave accordingly. By strictly separating slow moving local traffic from faster moving through traffic, the 'Duurzaam Veilig'-project aimed at making roads safer through their design.
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room for human error, so that vehicles swerving towards the centre of the road would no longer immediately lead to fatal accidents. The idea behind the solid centre line was the thought that overtaking cars have to move into lanes with oncoming traffic, which was considered unsafe even on perfectly flat and straight stretches of road with proper visibility. People in favour of the 'Duurzaam Veilig'-project point out that it has succeeded in creating more safety, as the number of fatal accidents has gone down quite dramatically as 'Duurzaam Veilig' road design was rolled out across the Netherlands.
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motorcycle drivers the freedom to overtake cars even past the no-overtaking-sign, where the same sign rules out overtaking for all types of vehicles in neighboring countries. In other jurisdictions, like the Netherlands, overtaking vehicles that have only 2 wheels is not forbidden, despite the no-overtaking sign. The law text 'overtaking vehicles on more than two wheels' allows for overtaking bicycles, of which there are many on Dutch roads.
39: 527: – Undertaking permitted in three prescribed cases: 1) You want to go straight ahead when the driver in front of you has moved out and signalled that they intend to turn right. 2) You have signalled that you intend to turn left, 3) Traffic in both lanes is moving slowly but traffic in the left-hand lane is moving more quickly than the right-hand lane – for example, in slow moving stop/start traffic conditions. 247:. An overtaking vehicle must be able to see clearly ahead of them for the entire overtaking manoeuvre plus a margin of error. For example, in New Zealand it's instructed in the Road Code that an overtaking driver must be able to see at least 100 metres (330 ft) of clear road in front of them as they finish the passing manoeuvre. In the UK, guidance for passing and overtaking is given in rules 162-169 of the Highway Code. 141: 630: 551: – Undertaking used to be known as "overtaking on the right" and was prohibited by the Road Rules until 2010. In 2010, a new term was introduced to the Road Rules, "passing", and applies to overtaking that does not make use of the oncoming lane. Therefore, undertaking was made legal, unless it would involve the use of the shoulder or sidewalk. 317:(overtaking on the side furthest from the road center line) is prohibited. Lanes are normally separated by broken lines (usually white) but may be a single solid white to indicate lane-changing is allowed but discouraged. Double lines indicate that lane-changing (for example to overtake) is prohibited, such as in tunnels or sometimes for 521: – Undertaking is prohibited outside built-up areas. Inside built-up areas, passing on the right is permitted, but only if there are road markings. The undertaking manoeuvre in built-up areas is referred to as "driving in parallel traffic" instead of "passing on the right" as it is used outside built-up areas. 669:, the rules allow overtaking from either side. Generally, the sides are classified as inside and outside overtaking, depending on the position of the overtaking car at the next curve since start of overtaking. The defending car usually blocks inside overtaking, because outside overtaking is riskier than inside overtaking. 539: – Undertaking is legal on 4-lane roads in built-up areas, 6-lane roads outside built-up areas and on one-way roads with marked lanes (this definition includes motorways) (article 24 of Law on Road Traffic). However, similar to the UK, it is considered a dangerous practice and is discouraged. 250:
In some jurisdictions, the "overtaking zone" is indicated by a single broken centerline (yellow or white in most countries) if overtaking is allowed in either direction, or paired with a single solid line beside it to indicate there is no overtaking from the solid side. In the UK and New Zealand, the
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only overtake on the left if the vehicle in front is signalling to turn right" (rule 163). Rule 163 uses advisory wording and "will not, in itself, cause a person to be prosecuted", but may be used in evidence to establishing liability in any court proceedings. On all roads, undertaking is permitted
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The Netherlands has ruled out overtaking on 95% of their single carriageway primary road network. Statistics from before 1990 showed that many fatal accidents in the Netherlands were due to unsafe overtaking actions, where the speed of oncoming traffic was underestimated. During the 1990s a new road
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Many countries consider overtaking on the inside dangerous and therefore designate it a driving offence; however, most countries make the distinction between involuntary undertaking (passing centre side vehicles in heavy traffic) as opposed to the deliberate attempt to pass a slower moving vehicle
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One of the new features on regional distributor roads (GOW) was a wide double centre line, often without interruption, designed to create more lateral space between two opposite directions of traffic and to stop people from overtaking. Designers of the wide double centre line wanted to create some
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The no-overtaking-sign looks a lot the same in most European countries, but its legal description differs between countries. Depending on the text of law, in some countries in Europe the no-overtaking-sign bans overtaking only for vehicles that have three or more wheels, effectively granting
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side of the vehicle being passed; that is to say, a lane to the left of the vehicle in countries where driving is on the left, or a lane to the right of the vehicle in countries where driving is on the right. The practice of passing on the inside, therefore, usually only occurs on a
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discourages undertaking on motorways with some exceptions (rule 268): "Do not overtake on the left or move to a lane on your left to overtake". Undertaking is permitted in congested conditions when frequent lane changing is not recommended. On other roads, the Code advises drivers
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Drivers should check the following driver is not overtaking them, drivers ahead have not warned of their intention to overtake, the lane is clear far enough ahead, and the lane is available to continue driving once the overtaking manoeuver is
282:). This form of road is of similar profile to wide two-lane, but includes a central crash barrier, and has three lanes, with an overtaking lane on one side or the other, alternating every 2 km. It has been used in 335:/entrance ramps, to indicate to highway drivers that the new lane merges and does not continue, so they do not attempt to overtake in a lane that ends shortly. This is also used at other points where lanes merge. 503: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, except for inner-city traffic and vehicle waiting to turn left or on the motorway if the vehicles in the lane to the left are queueing and slow moving. 251:
format of the centerline is not used to regulate overtaking, only to indicate whether crossing of the line is prohibited or permitted. In Australia, drivers can cross a solid centerline to overtake a cyclist.
1773: 1087: 587: – Undertaking is typically allowed on multi-lane roadways or to pass left-turning vehicles. State laws can vary as to the situations that permit undertaking. 509: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, except for vehicle waiting to turn left or if the vehicles in the lane to the left are queueing and slow moving. 446:
or other road where there is more than one lane in the same direction or when the width of the roads makes this possible (although there may be exceptions in the cases of
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other vehicles to the right in certain circumstances; these include heavy traffic where the speed is determined by the next vehicle and vehicles in reserved lanes.
557: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, except for inner-city traffic, passing a vehicle clearly turning left or in congested conditions. 515: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, exceptions exist for inner-city traffic and overtaking trams and vehicles waiting to turn left. 1139: 1350: 1888: 545: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, exceptions include vehicles waiting to turn left, traffic congestion and on roundabouts. 533: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, exceptions include vehicles waiting to turn left, traffic congestion and on roundabouts. 790: 1936: 888: 1010: 573:
if the vehicles in the lane to the right are queueing and slow moving. Undertaking in an aggressive or reckless manner could be considered
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overtaking on two-way carriageways might be forbidden according to the nearness of the crest of a hill or the longitudinal road markings
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Overtaking in an HOV or HOT lane is usually illegal for cars that do not meet the HOV/HOT criteria, except when directed by the police.
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report written by Global Road Safety Facility (GRSF), with support of World Bank and Bloomberg Philanthropy, retrieved 15 December 2019
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Summala H. & Naatanen, R. (1988). "The zero-risk theory and overtaking decisions". In T. Rothengatter & R. de Bruin (eds.).
1870: 366:. For instance, Germany and the United Kingdom both prescribe a horizontal overtaking distance of at least 1.5 metres (5 ft). 602: 1242: 1438: 1324: 1275: 1865: 2036: 103: 1926: 1761: 75: 1537: 934: 485: – Undertaking is specifically prohibited, unless passing a vehicle clearly turning left or riding a 388: 122: 1733: 82: 1880: 1830: 60: 1903: 1845: 828: 191: 1354: 89: 2077: 1850: 1708: 1522: 1507: 1472: 206:
is the act of one vehicle going past another slower moving vehicle, travelling in the same direction, on a
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Tay Wilson (1998-03-30). "Seniors' driving style and overtaking: Is there a "comfortable traffic hole"?".
2082: 1751: 1597: 1576: 56: 473: – Undertaking is legal on multi-lane roads, or where a car is indicating to turn right. 1968: 1840: 1756: 1713: 1648: 1459: 1073: 1062: 1051: 998: 678: 71: 1212:
Brown ID, Tickner AH, Simmonds DC (March 1970). "Effect of prolonged driving on overtaking criteria".
243:/undivided-highway road, the lane used for overtaking is often the same lane that is used by oncoming 2014: 1592: 1547: 1431: 654: 358:
Many jurisdictions mandate a safe overtaking distance when passing pedestrians, cyclists, persons on
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Drivers overtaking shall do so on the side opposite to that appropriate to the direction of traffic.
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Sustainable Safety in the Netherlands: the vision, the implementation and the safety effects
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Overtaking is usually forbidden where a pedestrian crossing is marked on the carriageway
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Sustainable Safety, English pages of Dutch website about the 'Duurzaam Veilig'-project
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published by Stichting Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Verkeersveiligheid (SWOV),
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where traffic volume suits (a successful pilot installation was used on the
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published by Cycling Embassy of Great Britain, retrieved 15 December 2019
658: 530: 470: 348: 177: 1413: – a gallery of "no overtaking" road signs used in Spain 596:
Below are some common examples of traffic signs prohibiting overtaking.
2004: 1802: 1638: 1633: 1623: 1187: 1387: 791:"Autos müssen beim Überholen von Radfahrern 1,5 Meter Abstand halten!" 369: 309:, any lane can be an overtaking lane though in many places (including 2046: 1202: 611: 466: 450: 332: 271: 38: 443: 318: 302: 275: 1913: 1447: 935:
Ten years of Sustainable Safety in the Netherlands; An assessment
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picture taken by Chris for Wegenwiki, Dutch website about roads
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road (two-lane road with space for three lanes, in addition to
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Hauer, E. (1971). "Accidents, Overtaking, and Speed control".
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Picture of 'Duurzaam Veilig' centre line, with no interruption
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Local governments may introduce variations to the Convention.
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Regional roads (called 'gebiedsontsluitingswegen', or GOW)
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refers to the practice of overtaking a slower vehicle on a
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The one who is overtaken should refrain from accelerating.
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A few places also use the one-broken/one-solid marking at
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Bicyclists demonstrating a safe overtaking distance with
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refers to the edge of the road closest to the kerb and
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Foundation for scientific research on traffic safety
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Foundation for scientific research on traffic safety
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Purple car overtakes grey car. A car passes a truck.
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Nationwide ban on overtaking as road safety measure
226:and to the right in places that drive on the left. 63:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1402:Advanced Driving UK - Advanced and Safe Overtaking 581:, both of which are legally enforceable offences. 2069: 1240: 234: 864:article on Wegenwiki, Dutch website about roads 833:SWOV – Dutch Institute for Road Safety Research 214:used for overtaking another vehicle is often a 26:"Overtake" redirects here. For other uses, see 1889:Commercial Driver's License Information System 1351:"Lorry Operators Challenge M42 Overtaking Ban" 1310:. Assen Maastrich: Van Gorcum. pp. 82–92. 1205:"Tutorial: Overtaking: How to Overtake Safely" 1041:(LBK 1386, 24) (in Danish). 12 November 2013. 1027:(LBK 1386, 21) (in Danish). 12 November 2013. 1937:Disabled parking permits of the United States 1432: 1133: 1369: 1319:. The Stationery Office. pp. 119–122. 1203:The National Safety Council (NSC Ireland). 421: 408:Overtaking is usually forbidden in crossing 1446: 1439: 1425: 1406: 1265: 1149: 1078: 460: 405:the width of the road should be sufficient 1284: 123:Learn how and when to remove this message 1871:List of countries by minimum driving age 1308:Road user behaviour: Theory and research 1121: 1097: 641: 591: 342: 262:were upgraded in the 1990s and 2000s to 195:A motorist passing a slow-moving tractor 190: 163: 1315:Driving Standards Agency (2005-03-15). 735: 733: 637: 2070: 982: 980: 479: – Varies by province. 229: 222:, which is to the left in places that 1420: 999:Never undertake a Heavy Goods Vehicle 338: 1109: 1037: 1023: 730: 61:adding citations to reliable sources 32: 977: 922:Separation of directions of traffic 13: 1927:Decriminalised parking enforcement 1409:"Spanish no-overtaking road signs" 1372:"The Responsibility of Overtaking" 1335:"M-way overtaking ban for lorries" 1287:Accident Analysis & Prevention 1247:Accident Analysis & Prevention 1243:"Driving strategies in overtaking" 1159:Accident Analysis & Prevention 14: 2094: 1734:Category: Speed limits by country 1538:Vienna Convention on Road Traffic 1395: 1130:Title VII Article 25 Section 1123 829:"Principles for safe road design" 389:Vienna Convention on Road Traffic 383:Vienna Convention on Road Traffic 1152:"Drivers over taking bicyclists" 628: 619: 610: 601: 148: 139: 37: 1074:The Highway Code - Introduction 1067: 1056: 1045: 1031: 1017: 1003: 992: 961: 944: 928: 913: 898: 882: 870: 48:needs additional citations for 1881:Traffic violations reciprocity 855: 846: 821: 809: 783: 765: 751: 710: 1: 1904:Non-Resident Violator Compact 1846:Inter-American Driving Permit 1063:The Highway Code - Overtaking 704: 362:, motorcyclists, or those on 235:In English-speaking countries 1851:International Driving Permit 1709:Assured clear distance ahead 1523:School bus traffic stop laws 1508:Left- and right-hand traffic 1473:Assured clear distance ahead 1299:10.1016/0001-4575(71)90016-9 1268:Contemporary Ergonomics 1998 1259:10.1016/0001-4575(82)90026-4 1052:The Highway Code - Motorways 952:"Convention on Road Traffic" 941:, retrieved 15 December 2019 910:, retrieved 15 December 2019 895:, retrieved 15 December 2019 866:, retrieved 15 December 2019 168:Battle for position between 7: 1866:Driving licences by country 1831:Commercial driver's license 1577:Rules of the Road (Ireland) 1241:Wilson, T; Best, W (1982). 1188:"138–145: Overtaking" 672: 10: 2099: 1841:Graduated driver licensing 1714:National Maximum Speed Law 1150:Ian Walker (August 2006). 818:retrieved 15 December 2019 679:Automotive head-up display 391:, article 11 states that: 25: 18: 1995: 1967: 1912: 1879: 1821: 1774:Mobile phones and driving 1742: 1689: 1585: 1546: 1458: 1407:Bob Kenyon (1996-12-19). 1226:10.1080/00140137008931137 1171:10.1016/j.aap.2006.08.010 759:"Road markings and lines" 655:2007 Brazilian Grand Prix 28:Overtake (disambiguation) 2037:"How's my driving?" sign 1894:Driver License Agreement 1836:European driving licence 1566:The Highway Code (Malta) 1270:. Taylor & Francis. 1196:Department for Transport 427:Overtaking on the inside 422:Overtaking on the inside 387:In countries bounded by 19:Not to be confused with 16:Vehicle-passing maneuver 1932:Disabled parking permit 1729:Speed limits by country 1724:Speed limit enforcement 1085:California Vehicle Code 563: – The 493:. However, drivers may 461:Legal status by country 457:for one's own benefit. 437:using the lane that is 2015:Drivers' working hours 1987:Clunk Click Every Trip 1922:Alternate-side parking 1899:Driver License Compact 1608:Field sobriety testing 1337:. BBC News. 2004-12-03 974:closest to the centre. 662: 351: 260:national primary roads 196: 188: 1779:Texting while driving 1699:85th percentile speed 1513:Bidirectional traffic 1498:New Zealand Road Code 1478:Australian Road Rules 1011:"Passing on the left" 920:Rijrichtingscheiding 777:Queensland Government 657: – a 645: 592:Overtaking road signs 346: 297:/divided-carriageway 194: 182:2012 Porsche Supercup 167: 2026:Epilepsy and driving 1704:Advisory speed limit 1629:Road traffic control 1370:Ewan Tytler (1999). 638:Overtaking in racing 57:improve this article 21:overtaking criterion 2078:Road infrastructure 2052:Slow moving vehicle 2042:Old age and driving 1593:Parking enforcement 987:Drive Safe Handbook 761:. 16 December 2019. 723:NZ Transport Agency 280:Mallow, County Cork 256:Republic of Ireland 230:Rules of overtaking 2083:Driving techniques 2010:Digital tachograph 1982:Click It or Ticket 1808:Vehicular homicide 1769:Distracted driving 1128:New York State Law 1090:2015-07-21 at the 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Purple car overtakes grey car
A car passes a slower moving truck, using a passing lane on the A2 motorway in Slovenia

Kuba Giermaziak
Norbert Siedler
Nicki Thiim
2012 Porsche Supercup
Silverstone

road
lane
passing lane
road shoulder
drive on the right
single-carriageway
traffic
Republic of Ireland

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