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eventually installed communist regimes, resulting in vast repressions of its citizens. The post-World War II period saw the development of relations in which Poland assisted
Mongolia's industrial development by building factories and participating in geological surveys in search of natural resources.
174:
After the division of the Mongol Empire and the fall of its successor hordes in
Eastern Europe, Mongol-Polish contacts became scarce given the separating distance. Later on, both nations shared a similar fate, with the
568:
Umowa między Rządem
Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej a Rządem Mongolskiej Republiki Ludowej o zniesieniu wiz przy podróżach służbowych i prywatnych, podpisana w Ułan Bator dnia 23 maja 1975 r.
260:
Both nations regained independence in the early 20th century. Michał Aleksander Wołłosowicz then organized a modern custom office in
Mongolia, and in 1921 he became an envoy of Poland in
544:
Umowa między Rządem
Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej a Rządem Mongolskiej Republiki Ludowej o współpracy kulturalnej i naukowej, podpisana w Warszawie dnia 18 lutego 1974 r.
532:
Umowa między Rządem
Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej a Rządem Mongolskiej Republiki Ludowej o współpracy kulturalnej podpisana w Warszawie dnia 23 grudnia 1958 r.
647:
225:. Intense trade between Poland and Mongolia dates back to the 19th century, when more than half of Russian exports to Mongolia contained Polish products from
960:
625:
617:
Umowa między Rządem
Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej a Rządem Mongolii o współpracy w dziedzinie obronności, podpisana w Warszawie dnia 21 stycznia 2013 r.
324:
in 1958. It was replaced by a new agreement in 1974, and another one in 2002. By a 1975 agreement, visa requirements were reciprocally lifted. A
168:
938:
444:
88:. The countries enjoy good relations, based on growing trade, and political and investment cooperation. Both nations are full members of the
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953:
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26:
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105:
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Porozumienie o unikaniu podwójnego opodatkowania dochodów i majątku osób prawnych, sporządzone w Ułan Bator dnia 19 maja 1978 r.
141:, however, unlike the more-eastern territories, it was not subjugated by the Mongols and retained its independence. In 1245, in
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1647:
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1592:
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of 1247, one of pioneering
European works on the history and customs of the Mongols. The envoys also carried gifts from Duke
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Umowa między Rządem
Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej a Rządem Mongolii o współpracy w dziedzinie kultury, oświaty i nauki.
134:
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157:. It was the first ever trip by western Europeans to the Mongol capital, and was later described in de Bridia's
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300:. After its success, cooperation continued. Polish constitutionalists helped draft the still-effective
278:
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1206:
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543:
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110:
301:
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in Poland, Mongolian anti-communist oppositionists established contacts with members of the Polish
89:
485:
208:
360:
military exercise in
Mongolia. In 2013, a defense cooperation agreement was signed in Warsaw.
264:. In the 1920s, Mongolia was home to more than a dozen Polish families. In both countries the
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426:
188:
8:
353:
253:
164:
77:
204:
438:
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The first cultural cooperation agreement between Mongolia and Poland was signed in
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bordered Poland in the 13th century. Poland endured three Mongol invasions, in
93:
1641:
1631:
409:
176:
126:
687:
470:
Gronowska, Ewa (8 October 1988). "Polska— Mongolia. Kraj daleki i bliski".
270:
265:
249:
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234:
230:
373:
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329:
282:
261:
238:
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in the late 18th century. As a result, several Polish deportees from the
1614:
593:"Mongolia trade balance, exports and imports by country and region 2020"
507:"Wystawa w ECS o wsparciu polskiej opozycji dla demokratyzacji Mongolii"
307:
400:
Pawlak, Stanisław (2020). "Benedykt Polak i jego wyprawa do Mongolii".
325:
203:
of Poland visited Mongolia in the 19th century, including orientalist
142:
122:
658:
81:
50:
340:
In 2020, Poland was the second largest source of imports from the
237:
in the Russian Partition of Poland. The trade was interrupted by
971:
369:
321:
226:
167:
to the Mongol Khan. The delegation returned to Europe with the
85:
61:
1572:
221:). Józef Kowalewski is considered the founder of Poland's
296:, and a group of Poles flew to Mongolia to assist the
1603:
484:
1639:
344:to Mongolia, and the seventh largest worldwide.
954:
641:
488:(April 2004). "Pustynia Gobi po 30 latach".
404:(in Polish). No. 12. pp. 468–470.
252:and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia
961:
947:
648:
634:
443:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
425:
169:Letter from Güyük Khan to Pope Innocent IV
469:
285:in Mongolia were conducted in 1963–1971.
328:was signed between the two countries in
306:
243:
109:
456:
454:
421:
419:
402:Rocznik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego
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492:(in Polish). No. 2. pp. 2–4.
399:
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248:Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland
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474:(in Polish). No. 235. p. 3.
347:
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395:
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218:Polish–Mongolian literary relations
106:Polish–Mongolian literary relations
13:
496:
14:
1669:
546:, Dz. U., 1974, vol. 34, No. 197
534:, Dz. U., 1960, vol. 19, No. 112
433:(in Polish). Harbin. p. 194.
386:
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1613:
1079:
970:
686:
657:
582:, Dz. U., 1979, vol. 10, No. 68
570:, Dz. U., 1976, vol. 11, No. 61
187:in the 17th century, and Poland
55:
44:
25:
1653:Bilateral relations of Mongolia
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597:World Integrated Trade Solution
585:
573:
561:
558:, M.P., 2002, vol. 17, No. 294
549:
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478:
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326:double tax avoidance agreement
153:in his journey to the seat of
1:
1658:Bilateral relations of Poland
1589:Diplomatic missions of Poland
664:Foreign relations of Mongolia
379:
315:
311:Embassy of Mongolia in Warsaw
275:Mongolian Academy of Sciences
298:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
151:Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
7:
977:Foreign relations of Poland
928:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
431:Polacy na Dalekim Wschodzie
372:. Poland has an embassy in
368:Mongolia has an embassy in
121:Following the conquests of
10:
1674:
619:, Dz. U., 2013, No. 1448
279:Polish Academy of Sciences
179:being divided between the
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99:
1648:Mongolia–Poland relations
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74:Mongolia–Poland relations
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20:Mongolia-Poland relations
486:Kielan-Jaworowska, Zofia
356:take part in the annual
302:Constitution of Mongolia
149:and C. de Bridia joined
90:World Trade Organization
1561:Multilateral relations
903:Diplomatic missions of
312:
257:
209:Aleksander Czekanowski
118:
923:Third neighbor policy
427:Grochowski, Kazimierz
310:
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113:
1304:United Arab Emirates
1582:Diplomatic missions
896:Diplomatic missions
364:Diplomatic missions
354:Polish Armed Forces
273:expeditions of the
254:Battsetseg Batmunkh
165:Konrad I of Masovia
78:bilateral relations
21:
16:Bilateral relations
460:Grochowski, p. 138
348:Military relations
336:Economic relations
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147:Benedict of Poland
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19:
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290:Fall of Communism
223:Mongolian studies
213:Benedykt Dybowski
201:Russian Partition
115:Battle of Legnica
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205:Józef Kowalewski
191:between Russia,
145:, Polish friars
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271:paleontological
215:(for more, see
211:and naturalist
160:Tartar Relation
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11:
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1299:Turkmenistan
1274:Saudi Arabia
1248:
1041:South Africa
849:
612:
600:. Retrieved
596:
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515:. Retrieved
510:
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472:Głos Pomorza
471:
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269:Eight joint
266:Soviet Union
259:
250:Zbigniew Rau
216:
207:, geologist
177:Mongol realm
173:
158:
120:
73:
72:
1526:New Zealand
1495:Switzerland
1450:Netherlands
1279:South Korea
1269:Philippines
1254:North Korea
1167:Afghanistan
1046:South Sudan
907:in Mongolia
779:Philippines
769:South Korea
764:North Korea
729:Afghanistan
513:(in Polish)
374:Ulaanbaatar
358:Khaan Quest
330:Ulaanbaatar
283:Gobi Desert
239:World War I
1642:Categories
1552:Yugoslavia
1440:Luxembourg
1309:Uzbekistan
1289:Tajikistan
1239:Kyrgyzstan
1234:Kazakhstan
1182:Bangladesh
1177:Azerbaijan
887:Yugoslavia
759:Kyrgyzstan
754:Kazakhstan
380:References
316:Agreements
304:of 1992.
294:Solidarity
155:Güyük Khan
104:See also:
1593:in Poland
1521:Australia
1435:Lithuania
1264:Palestine
1202:Indonesia
1151:Venezuela
1096:Argentina
871:Australia
789:Singapore
744:Indonesia
511:Dzieje.pl
439:cite book
410:0860-5637
332:in 1978.
235:Białystok
139:1287–1288
135:1259–1260
131:1240–1241
123:Batu Khan
1620:Politics
1480:Slovakia
1460:Portugal
1400:Holy See
1350:Bulgaria
1259:Pakistan
1249:Mongolia
1244:Malaysia
1116:Colombia
1089:Americas
1071:Zimbabwe
1051:Tanzania
1001:Ethiopia
820:Bulgaria
774:Malaysia
696:Americas
602:11 March
517:11 March
490:Ewolucja
429:(1928).
185:Russians
82:Mongolia
80:between
51:Mongolia
1606:Portals
1514:Oceania
1500:Ukraine
1465:Romania
1445:Moldova
1415:Ireland
1410:Iceland
1405:Hungary
1390:Germany
1380:Finland
1375:Estonia
1370:Denmark
1355:Croatia
1345:Belgium
1340:Belarus
1335:Austria
1330:Albania
1314:Vietnam
1192:Georgia
1172:Armenia
1146:Uruguay
1056:Tunisia
1036:Senegal
1031:Nigeria
1026:Namibia
1021:Morocco
991:Algeria
864:Oceania
835:Germany
804:Vietnam
281:to the
256:in 2022
197:Austria
193:Prussia
189:divided
181:Manchus
143:Wrocław
100:History
1632:Poland
1540:Former
1490:Sweden
1475:Serbia
1470:Russia
1455:Norway
1430:Latvia
1425:Kosovo
1395:Greece
1385:France
1360:Cyprus
1323:Europe
1294:Turkey
1284:Taiwan
1224:Israel
1131:Mexico
1106:Canada
1101:Brazil
1066:Zambia
1061:Uganda
984:Africa
880:Former
850:Poland
845:Norway
840:Kosovo
830:France
813:Europe
799:Turkey
794:Taiwan
784:Russia
708:Mexico
703:Canada
671:Africa
408:
370:Warsaw
322:Warsaw
227:Warsaw
117:(1241)
86:Poland
62:Poland
1485:Spain
1420:Italy
1229:Japan
1197:India
1187:China
1126:Haiti
1111:Chile
1011:Libya
1006:Kenya
996:Egypt
749:Japan
739:India
734:China
678:Egypt
1573:NATO
1212:Iraq
1207:Iran
1160:Asia
1136:Peru
1121:Cuba
1016:Mali
722:Asia
604:2023
519:2023
445:link
406:ISSN
352:The
277:and
262:Urga
233:and
231:Łódź
195:and
183:and
137:and
125:the
92:and
84:and
76:are
1644::
1591:/
905:/
595:.
509:.
498:^
453:^
441:}}
437:{{
418:^
388:^
376:.
241:.
229:,
171:.
133:,
96:.
1608::
1219:)
1215:(
962:e
955:t
948:v
649:e
642:t
635:v
606:.
521:.
447:)
412:.
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