432:
65:
42:
407:
415:
308:
316:
340:(F). These proteins are responsible for host cell binding and invasion. The H protein mediates receptor attachment and the F protein causes fusion of viral envelope and cellular membrane. Additionally, the F protein can cause infected cells to directly fuse with neighboring uninfected cells forming syncytia. Three receptors for the H protein have been identified to date: complement regulatory molecule
428:
non-structural proteins are innate immunity antagonists; they help the virus to escape host immune response. Inside the virion genomic RNA is forming complex with N, L and P proteins. N, P and M proteins regulate RNA synthesis by RdRp. The virus is enveloped by a lipid membrane and glycoproteins H and F are virion surface proteins that are associated with this lipid membrane.
759:
482:
of measles (AâH). Subtypes are designed with numeralsâA1, D2 etc. Currently, 23 subtypes are recognised. The 450 nucleotides that code for the Câterminal 150 amino acids of N are the minimum amount of sequence data required for genotyping a measles virus isolate. The genotyping scheme was introduced
427:
The RNA genome of the virus codes 6 main proteins
Nucleoprotein (N), Phosphoprotein (P), Matrix protein (M), Fusion protein (F), Hemagglutinin (H), and Large Protein (L), which represents RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The viral genome also codes two non-structural proteins C and V. These
760:
MĂźhlebach, Michael D Mateo, Mathieu Sinn, Patrick L PrĂźfer, Steffen Uhlig, Katharina M Leonard, Vincent H J Navaratnarajah, Chanakha K Frenzke, Marie Wong, Xiao X Sawatsky, Bevan
Ramachandran, Shyam Mccray Jr, Paul B Cichutek, Klaus Von Messling, Veronika Lopez, Marc Cattaneo, Roberto.
1501:
Laksono, Brigitta M.; Grosserichter-Wagener, Christina; Vries, Rory D. de; Langeveld, Simone A. G.; Brem, Maarten D.; Dongen, Jacques J. M. van; Katsikis, Peter D.; Koopmans, Marion P. G.; Zelm, Menno C. van; Swart, Rik L. de (15 April 2018).
497:
The major genotypes differ between countries and the status of measles circulation within that country or region. Endemic transmission of measles virus was interrupted in the United States and
Australia by 2000 and the Americas by 2002.
1300:
469:
is in action. There is some linguistic evidence for an earlier origin within the seventh century. The current epidemic strain evolved at the beginning of the 20th centuryâmost probably between 1908 and 1943.
1328:"Measles Virus Infection of Alveolar Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Precedes Spread to Lymphatic Organs in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule (SLAM, CD150)"
1383:
Leonard, Vincent H.J.; Sinn, Patrick L.; Hodge, Gregory; Miest, Tanner; Devaux, Patricia; Oezguen, Numan; Braun, Werner; McCray, Paul B.; McChesney, Michael B.; Cattaneo, Roberto (1 July 2008).
1616:
Ludlow, Martin; Lemon, Ken; de Vries, Rory D.; McQuaid, Stephen; Millar, Emma L.; van
Amerongen, Geert; YĂźksel, Selma; Verburgh, R. Joyce; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; de Swart, Rik L.;
299:
seen on buccal mucosa opposite to lower 1st and 2nd molars. The virus is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions.
2578:
458:
has suggested that the two viruses most probably diverged in the 11th and 12th centuries, though the periods as early as the 5th century fall within the 95%
364:
mainly work as cell entry receptors. A minor fraction of wild type virus strains and all modern vaccine strains derived from the
Edmonston strain also use
1326:
Ferreira, Claudia S. Antunes; Frenzke, Marie; Leonard, Vincent H. J.; Welstead, G. Grant; Richardson, Christopher D.; Cattaneo, Roberto (15 March 2010).
1015:
Griffin DE (2007). "Measles Virus". In Martin, Malcolm A.; Knipe, David M.; Fields, Bernard N.; Howley, Peter M.; Griffin, Diane; Lamb, Robert (eds.).
2001:
1504:"In Vitro Measles Virus Infection of Human Lymphocyte Subsets Demonstrates High Susceptibility and Permissiveness of both Naive and Memory B Cells"
784:
1948:
1840:
1385:"Measles virus blind to its epithelial cell receptor remains virulent in rhesus monkeys but cannot cross the airway epithelium and is not shed"
1561:"Measles Virus Transmission from Dendritic Cells to T Cells: Formation of Synapse-Like Interfaces Concentrating Viral and Cellular Components"
2592:
1961:
1853:
391:. Then this copy is used to create a new negative copy, and so on, to create many copies of the ssRNA. The positive sense ssRNA is then mass
1679:"Cell-to-Cell Contact and Nectin-4 Govern Spread of Measles Virus from Primary Human Myeloid Cells to Primary Human Airway Epithelial Cells"
644:
Tatsuo, Hironobu; Ono, Nobuyuki; Tanaka, Kotaro; Yanagi, Yusuke (24 August 2000). "SLAM (CDw150) is a cellular receptor for measles virus".
465:
Other analysis has suggested that the divergence may be even older because of the technique's tendency to underestimate ages when strong
2258:
2089:
2129:
1935:
1827:
345:
222:
1278:
399:, producing all viral proteins. The viruses are then assembled from their proteins and negative sense ssRNA, and the cell will
1622:"Measles Virus Infection of Epithelial Cells in the Macaque Upper Respiratory Tract Is Mediated by Subepithelial Immune Cells"
1994:
1156:
1024:
522:, from which it spreads systemically. In the later stages of infection, the virus infects other immune cell types, including
17:
2222:
2279:
798:
Noyce, Ryan S.; Richardson, Christopher D. (20 June 2012). "Nectin 4 is the epithelial cell receptor for measles virus".
478:
The measles virus genome is typically 15,894ânucleotides long and encodes eight proteins. The WHO currently recognises 8
2598:
2124:
2081:
2584:
2513:
1987:
1304:
1966:
1858:
1900:
1792:
2183:
2169:
1677:
Singh, Brajesh K.; Li, Ni; Mark, Anna C.; Mateo, Mathieu; Cattaneo, Roberto; Sinn, Patrick L. (1 August 2016).
490:. Antibodies to measles bind to the hemagglutinin protein. Thus, antibodies against one genotype (such as the
2544:
539:
361:
2621:
1737:
2388:
2382:
2293:
2287:
2177:
384:
896:"The Host Cell Receptors for Measles Virus and Their Interaction with the Viral Hemagglutinin (H) Protein"
64:
2751:
2677:
2671:
2344:
1229:
Phan, MVT; Schapendonk, CME; Oude
Munnink, BB; Koopmans, MPG; de Swart, RL; Cotten, M (29 March 2018).
267:, a highly contagious disease transmitted by respiratory aerosols that triggers a temporary but severe
2808:
2415:
377:
3008:
2517:
2429:
2334:
2164:
2137:
2109:
2042:
2313:
455:
337:
1979:
562:
2707:
2685:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2507:
2445:
2339:
2300:
2103:
1953:
1845:
1754:
1045:"Origin of measles virus: divergence from rinderpest virus between the 11th and 12th centuries"
2692:
2273:
2143:
2114:
392:
2956:
2788:
2423:
2252:
1922:
1814:
1185:
653:
59:
8:
2374:
2095:
1617:
1446:"Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Are the Predominant Cells Infected in Measles in Humans"
1441:
842:
466:
459:
52:
1189:
657:
2768:
2763:
2477:
2233:
1711:
1678:
1654:
1621:
1593:
1560:
1536:
1503:
1478:
1445:
1417:
1384:
1360:
1327:
1286:
1255:
1230:
1206:
1173:
1120:
1095:
1071:
1044:
1019:(5th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
989:
954:
930:
895:
778:
742:
721:
704:
685:
184:
249:. Humans are the natural hosts of the virus; no animal reservoirs are known to exist.
2941:
2892:
2873:
2854:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2549:
2454:
2158:
2036:
1909:
1801:
1716:
1698:
1659:
1641:
1598:
1580:
1541:
1523:
1483:
1465:
1422:
1404:
1365:
1347:
1260:
1211:
1152:
1125:
1076:
1020:
994:
976:
935:
917:
876:
868:
823:
815:
766:
734:
726:
677:
669:
626:
296:
268:
746:
3003:
2916:
2626:
2306:
2238:
2119:
2050:
1914:
1806:
1706:
1690:
1649:
1633:
1588:
1572:
1531:
1515:
1473:
1457:
1412:
1396:
1355:
1339:
1250:
1242:
1201:
1193:
1145:
1115:
1107:
1066:
1056:
984:
966:
925:
907:
858:
807:
716:
689:
661:
542:
receptor and by cell to cell contacts with infected immune cells. The infection of
519:
2880:
617:
Lu G, Gao GF, Yan J (2013). "The receptors and entry of measles virus: a review".
2840:
2745:
2665:
2654:
2525:
2489:
2409:
2195:
2056:
1885:
1559:
Koethe, Susanne; Avota, Elita; Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle (15 September 2012).
955:"HostâPathogen Interactions in Measles Virus Replication and Anti-Viral Immunity"
491:
241:
149:
137:
113:
863:
846:
845:; Rima, Bert K.; ter Meulen, Volker; Schneider-Schaulies, JĂźrgen (1 June 2002).
592:
2076:
763:
Adherens junction protein nectin-4 is the epithelial receptor for measles virus
515:
284:
226:
125:
1197:
811:
2997:
2071:
2066:
2014:
1777:
1702:
1645:
1584:
1527:
1469:
1461:
1408:
1351:
1246:
980:
921:
872:
819:
770:
730:
673:
527:
431:
333:
288:
235:
161:
101:
1111:
2932:
2782:
2460:
2321:
1720:
1663:
1602:
1545:
1487:
1426:
1369:
1264:
1215:
1129:
1080:
1061:
998:
939:
880:
827:
738:
681:
630:
329:
292:
1500:
2972:
2921:
2909:
2904:
2897:
2885:
2859:
2829:
2731:
2570:
2482:
2465:
2400:
2061:
1894:
1786:
1694:
1637:
1576:
1519:
1343:
445:
1940:
1832:
2822:
2606:
2363:
543:
535:
511:
451:
280:
1174:"The evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of the paramyxoviridae"
2867:
2848:
2815:
2803:
2797:
2776:
2722:
2650:
2536:
2498:
2267:
2246:
2152:
2030:
2022:
2010:
1440:
Allen, Ingrid V.; McQuaid, Stephen; Penalva, Rosana; Ludlow, Martin;
1400:
971:
912:
665:
230:
89:
1748:
486:
Despite the variety of measles genotypes, there is only one measles
2965:
2612:
2354:
2210:
1879:
1771:
1228:
1096:"Purifying Selection Can Obscure the Ancient Age of Viral Lineages"
510:
infects immune cells located in the host respiratory tract such as
487:
396:
2718:
2009:
1927:
1819:
406:
264:
258:
246:
414:
403:, discharging the new viral particles and restarting the cycle.
383:
is used as a template to create a positive sense copy using the
356:-4. For wild type and vaccine strains, extracellular domains of
41:
2327:
1301:"No endemic transmission of measles in the Americas since 2002"
953:
Jiang, Yanliang; Qin, Yali; Chen, Mingzhou (16 November 2016).
894:
Lin, Liang-Tzung; Richardson, Christopher (20 September 2016).
531:
523:
507:
479:
357:
353:
349:
307:
1558:
1325:
840:
435:
Artist's impression of a cross-section through a measles virus
2978:
2737:
2369:
400:
388:
276:
272:
76:
315:
847:"Analysis of receptor (CD46, CD150) usage by measles virus"
365:
341:
1615:
1285:. World Health Organization. 11 March 2013. Archived from
2204:
1439:
380:
362:
nectin-4 (also called
Poliovirus-Receptor-Like 4 (PVRL4))
1231:"Complete Genome Sequences of Six Measles Virus Strains"
538:
located in the airways. These cells become infected via
506:
In the early stages of infection, the measles virus via
371:
1093:
1171:
376:
Once the virus has entered a host cell, its strand of
1382:
1172:
Pomeroy LW, Bjørnstad ON, Holmes EC (February 2008).
643:
571:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
1042:
546:allows the virus to be released via the airstream.
1144:
450:The measles virus evolved from the now eradicated
1744:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
2995:
1676:
1094:Wertheim, J. O.; Kosakovsky Pond, S. L. (2011).
797:
703:Tatsuo, Hironobu; Yanagi, Yusuke (March 2002).
1010:
1008:
422:
1995:
1038:
1036:
893:
952:
783:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
702:
1165:
1005:
311:Measles morbillivirus cell entry receptors.
2259:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
2002:
1988:
1136:
1033:
1014:
597:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
40:
2130:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
1710:
1653:
1592:
1535:
1477:
1416:
1359:
1254:
1205:
1119:
1070:
1060:
988:
970:
929:
911:
862:
720:
705:"The Morbillivirus Receptor SLAM (CD150)"
616:
430:
413:
405:
346:signaling lymphocyte activation molecule
314:
306:
1043:Furuse Y, Suzuki A, Oshitani H (2010).
494:) protect against all other genotypes.
483:in 1998 and extended in 2002 and 2003.
14:
2996:
1142:
410:Measles morbillivirus virion structure
319:Measles morbillivirus genome structure
1983:
1753:
1752:
1389:The Journal of Clinical Investigation
1283:Biologicals â Vaccine Standardization
610:
555:
372:Genome replication and viral assembly
1151:. New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday.
302:
2280:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
590:
328:The measles virus has two envelope
24:
722:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2002.tb02678.x
25:
3020:
2599:Severe acute respiratory syndrome
2125:Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
1730:
518:. They transmit the virus to the
352:) and the cell adhesion molecule
2585:Middle East respiratory syndrome
1444:; Rima, Bertus K. (9 May 2018).
1305:Pan American Health Organization
534:. In addition, it infects
418:Measles morbillivirus life cycle
63:
1670:
1609:
1552:
1494:
1433:
1376:
1319:
1293:
1271:
1222:
1100:Molecular Biology and Evolution
1087:
946:
593:"Measles is Easily Transmitted"
223:single-stranded, negative-sense
2184:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
2170:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
887:
834:
791:
753:
696:
637:
584:
13:
1:
549:
454:virus which infected cattle.
2389:Tropical spastic paraparesis
2294:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
501:
473:
439:
385:RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
7:
2752:Cytomegalovirus esophagitis
2672:Human parainfluenza viruses
2345:Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2
864:10.1099/0022-1317-83-6-1431
851:Journal of General Virology
709:Microbiology and Immunology
619:Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao
423:Genome and virion structure
10:
3025:
443:
256:
252:
2955:
2931:
2839:
2762:
2717:
2706:
2535:
2497:
2476:
2444:
2416:Cytomegalovirus retinitis
2399:
2353:
2232:
2221:
2194:
2021:
1869:
1761:
1198:10.1007/s00239-007-9040-x
812:10.1016/j.tim.2012.05.006
295:rash and a pathognomonic
190:
183:
58:
48:
39:
32:
2518:Infectious mononucleosis
2335:Chandipura vesiculovirus
2165:Hepatocellular carcinoma
2110:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
2043:Hepatocellular carcinoma
1462:10.1128/mSphere.00570-17
1247:10.1128/genomeA.00184-18
563:"ICTV Taxonomy history:
323:
215:), with scientific name
2314:Encephalitis lethargica
2015:viral systemic diseases
841:ErlenhĂśfer, Christian;
591:CDC (5 November 2020).
508:CD150 (SLAMF1) receptor
462:of these calculations.
387:that's included in the
338:membrane fusion protein
332:on the viral surface â
2686:Human orthopneumovirus
2340:Herpesviral meningitis
2301:Arbovirus encephalitis
1062:10.1186/1743-422X-7-52
800:Trends in Microbiology
446:Measles § History
436:
419:
411:
358:CD150 (SLAM or SLAMF1)
320:
312:
2144:Merkel-cell carcinoma
1901:Morbillivirus hominis
1871:Measles morbillivirus
1793:Morbillivirus hominis
1763:Measles morbillivirus
1112:10.1093/molbev/msr170
565:Measles morbillivirus
434:
417:
409:
318:
310:
245:. It is the cause of
218:Morbillivirus hominis
198:Measles morbillivirus
176:Morbillivirus hominis
50:Measles morbillivirus
34:Morbillivirus hominis
18:Measles morbillivirus
2789:Adenovirus infection
2253:Human polyomavirus 2
2082:Oropharyngeal cancer
1695:10.1128/JVI.00266-16
1638:10.1128/JVI.03258-12
1577:10.1128/JVI.00458-12
1520:10.1128/JVI.00131-18
1344:10.1128/JVI.01559-09
1235:Genome Announcements
60:Virus classification
2375:Post-polio syndrome
2011:Infectious diseases
1683:Journal of Virology
1626:Journal of Virology
1565:Journal of Virology
1508:Journal of Virology
1332:Journal of Virology
1190:2008JMolE..66...98P
1147:Plagues and Peoples
1143:McNeil, W. (1976).
658:2000Natur.406..893T
467:purifying selection
460:confidence interval
287:and a generalized,
271:. Symptoms include
53:electron micrograph
2508:EpsteinâBarr virus
2478:Respiratory system
2115:Burkitt's lymphoma
1307:. 14 February 2017
437:
420:
412:
321:
313:
239:within the family
2989:
2988:
2951:
2950:
2702:
2701:
2633:Influenza virus A
2550:Human coronavirus
2440:
2439:
2430:Herpes of the eye
1977:
1976:
1755:Taxon identifiers
1689:(15): 6808â6817.
1571:(18): 9773â9781.
1158:978-0-385-11256-7
1026:978-0-7817-6060-7
652:(6798): 893â897.
456:Sequence analysis
303:Replication cycle
269:immunosuppression
263:The virus causes
205:
204:
16:(Redirected from
3016:
2715:
2714:
2710:digestive system
2627:Orthomyxoviridae
2593:SARS coronavirus
2579:MERS coronavirus
2495:
2494:
2307:Orthomyxoviridae
2230:
2229:
2196:Immune disorders
2120:Hodgkin lymphoma
2096:Kaposi's sarcoma
2004:
1997:
1990:
1981:
1980:
1970:
1969:
1957:
1956:
1944:
1943:
1931:
1930:
1918:
1917:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1862:
1861:
1849:
1848:
1836:
1835:
1823:
1822:
1810:
1809:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1725:
1724:
1714:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1632:(7): 4033â4042.
1613:
1607:
1606:
1596:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1539:
1514:(8): e00131-18.
1498:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1420:
1401:10.1172/JCI35454
1395:(7): 2448â2458.
1380:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1338:(6): 3033â3042.
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1258:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1209:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1150:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1064:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1017:Fields' virology
1012:
1003:
1002:
992:
974:
972:10.3390/v8110308
950:
944:
943:
933:
915:
913:10.3390/v8090250
891:
885:
884:
866:
857:(6): 1431â1436.
838:
832:
831:
795:
789:
788:
782:
774:
757:
751:
750:
724:
700:
694:
693:
666:10.1038/35022579
641:
635:
634:
614:
608:
607:
605:
603:
588:
582:
581:
579:
577:
559:
544:epithelial cells
536:epithelial cells
229:, non-segmented
68:
67:
44:
30:
29:
27:Species of virus
21:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3009:Morbilliviruses
2994:
2993:
2990:
2985:
2947:
2927:
2835:
2809:Gastroenteritis
2767:
2764:Gastroenteritis
2758:
2746:Cytomegalovirus
2709:
2698:
2666:Paramyxoviridae
2655:Avian influenza
2531:
2526:Cytomegalovirus
2490:viral pneumonia
2488:
2485:nasopharyngitis
2484:
2481:
2472:
2436:
2410:Cytomegalovirus
2395:
2349:
2237:
2224:
2217:
2190:
2057:Cervical cancer
2017:
2008:
1978:
1973:
1965:
1960:
1952:
1947:
1939:
1934:
1926:
1921:
1913:
1908:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1865:
1857:
1852:
1844:
1839:
1831:
1826:
1818:
1813:
1805:
1800:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1757:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1675:
1671:
1618:Duprex, W. Paul
1614:
1610:
1557:
1553:
1499:
1495:
1442:Duprex, W. Paul
1438:
1434:
1381:
1377:
1324:
1320:
1310:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1227:
1223:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1141:
1137:
1106:(12): 3355â65.
1092:
1088:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1013:
1006:
951:
947:
892:
888:
843:Duprex, W. Paul
839:
835:
796:
792:
776:
775:
758:
754:
701:
697:
642:
638:
615:
611:
601:
599:
589:
585:
575:
573:
561:
560:
556:
552:
532:SLAMF1 receptor
520:lymphoid organs
516:dendritic cells
504:
476:
448:
442:
425:
374:
326:
305:
261:
255:
242:Paramyxoviridae
196:
179:
151:Paramyxoviridae
139:Mononegavirales
115:Negarnaviricota
62:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3022:
3012:
3011:
3006:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2969:
2961:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2937:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2901:
2889:
2877:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2727:
2725:
2712:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2541:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2503:
2501:
2492:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2450:
2448:
2446:Cardiovascular
2442:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2359:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2227:
2225:nervous system
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2200:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2077:Vaginal cancer
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1984:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1958:
1945:
1932:
1919:
1906:
1891:
1875:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1850:
1837:
1824:
1811:
1798:
1783:
1767:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1747:
1746:
1732:
1731:External links
1729:
1727:
1726:
1669:
1620:(April 2013).
1608:
1551:
1493:
1432:
1375:
1318:
1292:
1289:on 1 May 2014.
1270:
1221:
1164:
1157:
1135:
1086:
1032:
1025:
1004:
945:
886:
833:
806:(9): 429â439.
790:
752:
715:(3): 135â142.
695:
636:
621:(in Chinese).
609:
583:
553:
551:
548:
503:
500:
492:vaccine strain
475:
472:
444:Main article:
441:
438:
424:
421:
378:negative sense
373:
370:
325:
322:
304:
301:
257:Main article:
254:
251:
203:
202:
188:
187:
181:
180:
173:
171:
167:
166:
159:
155:
154:
147:
143:
142:
135:
131:
130:
127:Monjiviricetes
123:
119:
118:
111:
107:
106:
99:
95:
94:
87:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
56:
55:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3021:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2992:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2705:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2678:Parainfluenza
2676:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2514:EBV infection
2512:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2486:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Poliomyelitis
2368:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2220:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2072:Vulvar cancer
2070:
2068:
2067:Penile cancer
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1743:
1741:
1740:Measles virus
1735:
1734:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1184:(2): 98â106.
1183:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1160:
1154:
1149:
1148:
1139:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1009:
1000:
996:
991:
986:
982:
978:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
949:
941:
937:
932:
927:
923:
919:
914:
909:
905:
901:
897:
890:
882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
837:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
794:
786:
780:
772:
768:
764:
756:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
718:
714:
710:
706:
699:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
640:
632:
628:
624:
620:
613:
598:
594:
587:
572:
568:
566:
558:
554:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
528:T lymphocytes
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
499:
495:
493:
489:
484:
481:
471:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
447:
433:
429:
416:
408:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
379:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
334:hemagglutinin
331:
330:glycoproteins
317:
309:
300:
298:
294:
290:
289:maculopapular
286:
285:inflamed eyes
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
260:
250:
248:
244:
243:
238:
237:
236:Morbillivirus
233:of the genus
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
209:measles virus
201:
199:
194:
193:Measles virus
189:
186:
182:
178:
177:
172:
169:
168:
165:
164:
163:Morbillivirus
160:
157:
156:
153:
152:
148:
145:
144:
141:
140:
136:
133:
132:
129:
128:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
112:
109:
108:
105:
104:
103:Orthornavirae
100:
97:
96:
93:
92:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
66:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
35:
31:
19:
2991:
2971:
2964:
2940:
2933:Pancreatitis
2915:
2903:
2891:
2879:
2872:
2853:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2802:
2781:
2744:
2730:
2691:
2684:
2670:
2664:
2631:
2625:
2605:
2591:
2577:
2548:
2524:
2506:
2461:Pericarditis
2453:
2422:
2408:
2381:
2362:
2320:
2305:
2286:
2272:
2251:
2234:Encephalitis
2203:
2176:
2157:
2136:
2102:
2088:
2049:
2035:
1870:
1762:
1739:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1629:
1625:
1611:
1568:
1564:
1554:
1511:
1507:
1496:
1453:
1449:
1435:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1311:11 September
1309:. Retrieved
1295:
1287:the original
1282:
1273:
1238:
1234:
1224:
1181:
1178:J. Mol. Evol
1177:
1167:
1146:
1138:
1103:
1099:
1089:
1052:
1048:
1016:
962:
958:
948:
903:
899:
889:
854:
850:
836:
803:
799:
793:
762:
755:
712:
708:
698:
649:
645:
639:
622:
618:
612:
600:. Retrieved
596:
586:
574:. Retrieved
570:
564:
557:
505:
496:
485:
477:
464:
449:
426:
375:
327:
293:erythematous
262:
240:
234:
217:
216:
212:
208:
206:
197:
192:
191:
175:
174:
162:
150:
138:
126:
114:
102:
90:
83:
73:(unranked):
49:
33:
2830:Coronavirus
2571:Common cold
2483:acute viral
2466:Myocarditis
2310:(probable)
2062:Anal cancer
1895:Wikispecies
1787:Wikispecies
965:(11): 308.
602:28 December
512:macrophages
297:Koplik spot
2998:Categories
2957:Urogenital
2823:Astrovirus
2783:Adenovirus
2607:SARS-CoV-2
2364:Poliovirus
2239:meningitis
906:(9): 250.
625:(1): 1â9.
576:15 January
550:References
452:rinderpest
393:translated
360:and/or of
281:runny nose
2868:RNA virus
2849:DNA virus
2841:Hepatitis
2816:Norovirus
2804:Rotavirus
2798:RNA virus
2777:DNA virus
2723:Esophagus
2651:Influenza
2537:RNA virus
2499:DNA virus
2268:RNA virus
2247:DNA virus
2153:RNA virus
2031:DNA virus
2023:Oncovirus
1886:Q29004629
1703:0022-538X
1646:0022-538X
1585:0022-538X
1528:0022-538X
1470:2379-5042
1409:0021-9738
1352:0022-538X
1279:"Measles"
981:1999-4915
922:1999-4915
873:0022-1317
820:0966-842X
779:cite book
771:806252697
731:0385-5600
674:0028-0836
530:also via
502:Infection
474:Genotypes
440:Evolution
397:ribosomes
231:RNA virus
227:enveloped
170:Species:
98:Kingdom:
91:Riboviria
2966:BK virus
2769:diarrhea
2613:COVID-19
2355:Myelitis
1954:11460251
1941:10245500
1928:46700145
1880:Wikidata
1846:11460251
1833:10245500
1820:46700145
1772:Wikidata
1721:27194761
1664:23365435
1603:22761368
1546:29437964
1488:29743202
1427:18568079
1370:20042501
1265:29599155
1216:18217182
1130:21705379
1081:20202190
1049:Virol. J
999:27854326
940:27657109
881:12029158
828:22721863
747:30651799
739:12008921
682:10972291
631:23631113
540:nectin-4
488:serotype
395:by host
336:(H) and
185:Synonyms
146:Family:
110:Phylum:
3004:Measles
2719:Pharynx
2223:Central
1778:Q573943
1712:4944272
1655:3624209
1594:3446594
1537:5874404
1479:5956143
1450:mSphere
1418:2430500
1361:2826031
1256:5876482
1207:3334863
1186:Bibcode
1121:3247791
1072:2838858
990:5127022
959:Viruses
931:5035964
900:Viruses
690:4409405
654:Bibcode
524:B cells
265:measles
259:Measles
253:Disease
247:measles
221:, is a
158:Genus:
134:Order:
122:Class:
2383:HTLV-I
2328:Rabies
2178:HTLV-I
1719:
1709:
1701:
1662:
1652:
1644:
1601:
1591:
1583:
1544:
1534:
1526:
1486:
1476:
1468:
1425:
1415:
1407:
1368:
1358:
1350:
1263:
1253:
1241:(13).
1214:
1204:
1155:
1128:
1118:
1079:
1069:
1055:: 52.
1023:
997:
987:
979:
938:
928:
920:
879:
871:
826:
818:
769:
745:
737:
729:
688:
680:
672:
646:Nature
629:
480:clades
389:virion
354:Nectin
350:SLAMF1
344:, the
200:(MeV)
2979:Mumps
2738:Mumps
2708:Human
2138:MCPyV
1967:11234
1949:IRMNG
1915:3YJMB
1859:11234
1841:IRMNG
1807:3YJMB
1456:(3).
743:S2CID
686:S2CID
381:ssRNA
324:Entry
277:cough
273:fever
84:Realm
77:Virus
2693:hMPV
2565:OC43
2561:HKU1
2557:NL63
2553:229E
2211:AIDS
2090:KSHV
1962:NCBI
1936:GBIF
1854:NCBI
1828:GBIF
1717:PMID
1699:ISSN
1660:PMID
1642:ISSN
1599:PMID
1581:ISSN
1542:PMID
1524:ISSN
1484:PMID
1466:ISSN
1423:PMID
1405:ISSN
1366:PMID
1348:ISSN
1313:2017
1261:PMID
1212:PMID
1153:ISBN
1126:PMID
1077:PMID
1021:ISBN
995:PMID
977:ISSN
936:PMID
918:ISSN
877:PMID
869:ISSN
824:PMID
816:ISSN
785:link
767:OCLC
735:PMID
727:ISSN
678:PMID
670:ISSN
627:PMID
604:2023
578:2019
526:and
514:and
401:lyse
366:CD46
342:CD46
207:The
195:(MV)
2973:MuV
2942:CBV
2917:HEV
2905:HDV
2893:HCV
2881:HAV
2874:CBV
2855:HBV
2732:MuV
2663:V,
2455:CBV
2424:HSV
2401:Eye
2288:LCV
2274:MeV
2205:HIV
2159:HCV
2104:EBV
2051:HPV
2037:HBV
1923:EoL
1910:CoL
1815:EoL
1802:CoL
1707:PMC
1691:doi
1650:PMC
1634:doi
1589:PMC
1573:doi
1532:PMC
1516:doi
1474:PMC
1458:doi
1413:PMC
1397:doi
1393:118
1356:PMC
1340:doi
1251:PMC
1243:doi
1202:PMC
1194:doi
1116:PMC
1108:doi
1067:PMC
1057:doi
985:PMC
967:doi
926:PMC
908:doi
859:doi
808:doi
717:doi
662:doi
650:406
3000::
2669::
2630::
2624:,
2547::
2545:IV
2322:RV
2013:â
1964::
1951::
1938::
1925::
1912::
1897::
1882::
1856::
1843::
1830::
1817::
1804::
1789::
1774::
1715:.
1705:.
1697:.
1687:90
1685:.
1681:.
1658:.
1648:.
1640:.
1630:87
1628:.
1624:.
1597:.
1587:.
1579:.
1569:86
1567:.
1563:.
1540:.
1530:.
1522:.
1512:92
1510:.
1506:.
1482:.
1472:.
1464:.
1452:.
1448:.
1421:.
1411:.
1403:.
1391:.
1387:.
1364:.
1354:.
1346:.
1336:84
1334:.
1330:.
1303:.
1281:.
1259:.
1249:.
1237:.
1233:.
1210:.
1200:.
1192:.
1182:66
1180:.
1176:.
1124:.
1114:.
1104:28
1102:.
1098:.
1075:.
1065:.
1051:.
1047:.
1035:^
1007:^
993:.
983:.
975:.
961:.
957:.
934:.
924:.
916:.
902:.
898:.
875:.
867:.
855:83
853:.
849:.
822:.
814:.
804:20
802:.
781:}}
777:{{
765:.
741:.
733:.
725:.
713:46
711:.
707:.
684:.
676:.
668:.
660:.
648:.
623:29
595:.
569:.
368:.
291:,
283:,
279:,
275:,
225:,
213:MV
86::
2924:)
2922:E
2920:(
2912:)
2910:D
2908:(
2900:)
2898:C
2896:(
2888:)
2886:A
2884:(
2862:)
2860:B
2858:(
2811:)
2807:(
2766:/
2721:/
2653:/
2645:D
2643:/
2641:C
2639:/
2637:B
2635:/
2622:V
2563:/
2559:/
2555:/
2516:/
2487:/
2480:/
2236:/
2003:e
1996:t
1989:v
1742:"
1738:"
1723:.
1693::
1666:.
1636::
1605:.
1575::
1548:.
1518::
1490:.
1460::
1454:3
1429:.
1399::
1372:.
1342::
1315:.
1267:.
1245::
1239:6
1218:.
1196::
1188::
1161:.
1132:.
1110::
1083:.
1059::
1053:7
1029:.
1001:.
969::
963:8
942:.
910::
904:8
883:.
861::
830:.
810::
787:)
773:.
749:.
719::
692:.
664::
656::
633:.
606:.
580:.
567:"
348:(
211:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
