4890:
or a
Romance language (such as French, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Romanian). In most countries using these suffixes, the letter H is used to represent what is B natural in English, the letter B is used instead of B♭, and Heses (i.e., H) is used instead of B (although Bes and Heses both denote the English B). Dutch-speakers in Belgium and the Netherlands use the same suffixes, but applied throughout to the notes A to G, so that B, B♭ and B have the same meaning as in English, although they are called B, Bes, and Beses instead of B, B flat and B double flat. Denmark also uses H, but uses Bes instead of Heses for B.
452:
433:
376:
414:
395:
357:
6059:
125:
275:
338:
5925:
3438:
25:
5915:
800:
4686:
816:
471:
675:
533:
4187:
6296:
881:. When drawn on a staff, accidental symbols are positioned in a key signature to indicate that those alterations apply to all occurrences of the lettered pitch class corresponding to each symbol's position. Additional explicitly-noted accidentals can be drawn next to noteheads to override the key signature for all subsequent notes with the same lettered pitch class in that
4889:
Another style of notation, rarely used in
English, uses the suffix "is" to indicate a sharp and "es" (only "s" after A and E) for a flat (e.g. Fis for F♯, Ges for G♭, Es for E♭). This system first arose in Germany and is used in almost all European countries whose main language is not English, Greek,
556:
3921:
3645:
3427:
3755:
4051:
3517:
4169:
256:", begins with two notes of identical pitch. Or more generally, the term can refer to a class of identically sounding events, for instance when saying "the song begins with the same note repeated twice.
3337:
3235:
3760:
3522:
3342:
4693:
In
Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Romanian, Greek, Albanian, Russian, Mongolian, Flemish, Persian, Arabic, Hebrew, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Turkish and Vietnamese the note names are
4572:
In parts of Europe, including
Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Norway, Denmark, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Finland, and Iceland (and Sweden before the 1990s), the
3689:
2325:
and has double the bottom note's frequency. Because both notes belong to the same pitch class, they are often called by the same name. That top note may also be referred to as the "
4201:
3747:
3720:
3285:
4105:
4074:
3509:
3489:
3325:
3305:
3262:
3182:
3162:
3142:
5207:
5961:
3916:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\log _{2}(f_{1})-\log _{2}(f_{2})&={\tfrac {h_{1}}{12}}-{\tfrac {h_{2}}{12}}\\&=v_{1}-v_{2}\,.\end{aligned}}}
2416:
Names of subsequently higher octaves use higher numbers before the "lined". Notes in each include an addition prime symbol above the note's letter.
612:
Alternatively, particularly in
English- and some Dutch-speaking regions, pitch classes are typically represented by the first seven letters of the
3640:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\log _{2}(f)&={\tfrac {h}{12}}+\log _{2}({\text{440 Hz}})\\&=v+\log _{2}({\text{440 Hz}})\end{aligned}}}
4396:– as opposed to other, smaller-range note systems that did not contain all possible species of octave (i.e., the seven octaves starting from
3987:
4690:
in modern convention) is both rare and unorthodox (more likely to be expressed as Heses), it is generally clear what this notation means.
4205:
3109:
5358:
5202:
4899:
used in
Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden.
4113:
3422:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}f&=2^{\frac {12v}{12}}\times {\text{440 Hz}}\\&=2^{v}\times {\text{440 Hz}}\,.\end{aligned}}}
2382:
Names of subsequent lower octaves are preceded with "sub". Notes in each include an additional prime symbol below the note's letter.
5954:
3190:
4925:
are
Italian spellings), France, Spain, Romania, Russia, Latin America, Greece, Israel, Turkey, Latvia and many other countries.
2347:
Two nomenclature systems for differentiating pitches that have the same pitch class but which fall into different octaves are:
914:
built on C. Their corresponding symbols are in parentheses. Differences between German and
English notation are highlighted in
5317:
Music notation systems − Frequencies of equal temperament tuning – The
English and American system versus the German system
4494:
The remaining five notes of the chromatic scale (the black keys on a piano keyboard) were added gradually; the first being
89:
678:
142:
124:
61:
4435:
Following this, the range (or compass) of used notes was extended to three octaves, and the system of repeating letters
2526:
doesn't specifically designate pitch classes, but instead names pitches by counting from its lowest note: number 0
2310:) are perceived as very similar. Because of that, all notes with these kinds of relations can be grouped under the same
5947:
451:
4267:
A B C D E F G H I K L M N O
3093:(Hz) representing the number of these oscillations per second. While notes can have any arbitrary frequency, notes in
737:. Accidental symbols visually communicate a modification of a note's pitch from its tonal context. Most commonly, the
6190:
5290:
5251:
4227:
108:
68:
5824:
432:
5326:
4209:
198:
3653:
201:
distinguish between different percussion instruments (and/or different manners to sound them) instead of pitch.
5351:
46:
5321:
695:
above shows the notes C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C and then in reverse order, with no key signature or accidentals.
75:
4380:
Though it is not known whether this was his devising or common usage at the time, this is nonetheless called
2519:
42:
3951:
in this logarithmic scale, however in the regular linear scale of frequency, adding 1 cent corresponds to
5859:
5723:
2413:
The next higher octave is called "one-lined". Notes in it include a prime symbol above the note's letter.
674:
413:
394:
57:
375:
6260:
1947:
918:
typeface. Although the
English and Dutch names are different, the corresponding symbols are identical.
885:. However, this effect does not accumulate for subsequent accidental symbols for the same pitch class.
490:
4479:), the lowest note in Medieval music notation. (It is from this gamma that the French word for scale,
6315:
5970:
5928:
5819:
5794:
5585:
5344:
5123:
4273:
3947:, one octave equals 12 ⋅ 100 cents = 1200 cents. Cents correspond to a
3094:
2576:
2423:
138:
2379:
The next lower octave is named "contra". Notes in it include a prime symbol below the note's letter.
792:) indicates that any previously applied accidentals should be cancelled. Advanced musicians use the
5829:
5779:
5668:
5575:
4877:
2570:
2407:
2351:
286:
3456:. Each subsequent note has a pitch equal to the frequency of the prior note's pitch multiplied by
167:
6157:
6048:
5918:
5789:
681:
35:
4196:
may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience
5468:
5212:
4736:
4715:, whose successive lines began on the appropriate scale degrees. These became the basis of the
3929:
are a convenient unit for humans to express finer divisions of this logarithmic scale that are
2475:
Higher octaves use successively higher number and lower octaves use successively lower numbers.
636:
337:
6183:
5900:
5764:
5463:
3072:
2501:
2342:
2303:
845:
835:
253:
356:
6280:
5595:
5393:
5270:
3725:
3698:
3117:
222:
4384:. Although Boethius is the first author known to use this nomenclature in the literature,
2559:
device don't necessarily match the octaves shown below, especially in older instruments.)
910:
The following chart lists names used in different countries for the 12 pitch classes of a
82:
8:
6036:
5834:
5814:
3940:
3471:
of the above frequency–pitch relation conveniently results in a linear relationship with
3267:
774:
238:
5864:
5316:
3650:
When dealing specifically with intervals (rather than absolute frequency), the constant
6041:
5486:
4272:
to signify the notes of the two-octave range that was in use at the time and in modern
4090:
4059:
3494:
3474:
3310:
3290:
3247:
3167:
3147:
3127:
1950:
704:
599:
576:
458:
194:
470:
6240:
6235:
5880:
5628:
5388:
5383:
5286:
5247:
4908:
used in the Netherlands, and sometimes in Scandinavia after the 1990s, and Indonesia.
4702:
770:
477:
5331:
4705:, who had taken them from the first syllables of the first six musical phrases of a
3981:(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) standard, a frequency mapping is defined by:
897:, accidentals can create pitch equivalences between different notes (e.g. the note B
820:) to lower it by two semitones, and even more advanced accidental symbols (e.g. for
6275:
6176:
6006:
5991:
5981:
5839:
5643:
5618:
5570:
5443:
5367:
4756:
3468:
3441:
3327:
being the number of octaves up or down). Thus the above formula reduces to yield a
2597:
2330:
799:
762:
625:
584:
310:
226:
214:
206:
179:
171:
6245:
5733:
5728:
5613:
5580:
5496:
4782:
4711:
4706:
4685:
4639:
4241:
3449:
2455:
2152:
1707:
911:
904:
815:
783:
671:
and allow them to know at a glance the proper pitch to play on their instruments.
502:
643:
and commonly represented using the seven notes, Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha and Ni.
6255:
6088:
6026:
5890:
5603:
5458:
5282:
4255:
3241:
2094:
855:
710:
656:
613:
439:
4759:, to whom the hymn is dedicated), though in some regions the seventh is named
620:
scale. Several European countries, including Germany, use H instead of B (see
6309:
6285:
6270:
6250:
6230:
6210:
6144:
6139:
6093:
6016:
6001:
5895:
5754:
5673:
5545:
5501:
5438:
5418:
5375:
5174:
5139:
5094:
5059:
5032:
5005:
4978:
4802:
4592:
3101:
3076:
2318:
1625:
1609:
1593:
1574:
1558:
1467:
1451:
1435:
1416:
1400:
1307:
1291:
1275:
1256:
1240:
1155:
1139:
1123:
1104:
1088:
939:
934:
878:
874:
867:
793:
738:
692:
660:
548:
314:
234:
190:
5939:
5311:
4658: flat (with a modern-script lower-case b, instead of a flat sign,
4208:
any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against
3097:
music tends to have pitches with simpler mathematical ratios to each other.
6215:
6129:
6124:
5809:
5799:
5774:
5685:
5648:
5550:
5538:
5528:
5491:
5428:
5184:
5155:
5110:
5067:
5040:
5017:
4990:
4787:
4735:
is still used in some places. It was the Italian musicologist and humanist
4586:
4508:
3944:
3926:
3086:
2355:
2307:
1695:
1682:
1669:
1656:
1643:
1537:
1524:
1511:
1498:
1485:
1366:
1353:
1340:
1327:
1214:
1201:
1188:
1175:
1021:
1016:
922:
Chromatic scale note naming conventions of various languages and countries
821:
809:
752:
667:. Each line or space is assigned a note name. These names are memorized by
572:
521:
401:
5306:
5242:
Herlinger, Jan (2002). "Medieval canonics". In Christensen, Thomas (ed.).
4515:
interval. This change was not always shown in notation, but when written,
6103:
6098:
6083:
6078:
6031:
5885:
5759:
5738:
5715:
5700:
5513:
5448:
5423:
5398:
4739:(1595–1647) who successfully promoted renaming the name of the note from
4573:
4546:
2359:
2311:
882:
733:
652:
606:
545:
420:
344:
186:
274:
6220:
5986:
5784:
5658:
5523:
5518:
4797:
4777:
4772:
4444:
3328:
2392:
2373:
894:
363:
306:
265:
202:
4821:
4716:
4046:{\displaystyle p=69+12\times \log _{2}{\frac {f}{440{\text{ Hz}}}}\,,}
580:
5854:
5844:
5804:
5769:
5653:
5413:
4849:
4486:
4429:
3082:
748:
726:
382:
4388:
wrote of the two-octave range five centuries before, calling it the
3437:
555:
248:
can refer to a specific musical event, for instance when saying the
24:
6021:
5705:
5690:
5533:
5508:
5336:
5217:
5197:
4853:
4833:
4259:
4251:
4247:
3453:
2396:
2366:
2322:
863:
805:
766:
719:
714:
668:
588:
218:
4254:
is known to have used the first fourteen letters of the classical
907:
adds 5 pitch classes in addition to the 7 lettered pitch classes.
6225:
6199:
6134:
5996:
5680:
5663:
5638:
5623:
5608:
5565:
5408:
4873:
4857:
4829:
4825:
4792:
4512:
4428:(ca. 1000) by Pseudo-Odo, in a discussion of the division of the
4385:
3121:
617:
595:
560:
506:
175:
132:
5167:
According to Akarmatrik Notation (আকারমাত্রিক স্বরলিপি). Kôṛi =
4087:
Conversely, the formula to determine frequency from a MIDI note
4076:
is the MIDI note number. 69 is the number of semitones between C
6108:
6073:
5695:
5633:
5560:
4869:
4861:
4841:
4837:
4424:). A modified form of Boethius' notation later appeared in the
4164:{\displaystyle f=2^{\frac {p-69}{12}}\times 440{\text{ Hz}}\,.}
2326:
2299:
513:
230:
2565:
Comparison of pitch naming conventions over different octaves
2293:
5849:
5555:
5453:
5433:
5235:(Ph.D. thesis). Urbana-Champaign, IL: University of Illinois.
4865:
4845:
4468:
3445:
3090:
2604:
2372:
is called the "great" octave. Notes in it and are written as
2336:
640:
520:
of consecutive notes (without particular focus on pitch) and
163:
162:
that act as the most basic building blocks for nearly all of
159:
151:
6295:
5312:
Note names, keyboard positions, frequencies and MIDI numbers
4938:
5403:
4701:. These names follow the original names reputedly given by
3978:
3230:{\displaystyle f=2^{\frac {h}{12}}\times 440{\text{ Hz}}\,}
2585:
2556:
2549:
2523:
664:
532:
517:
249:
210:
6168:
3100:
Western music defines pitches around a central reference "
903:
represents the same pitch as the note C). Thus, a 12-note
655:, each note is assigned a specific vertical position on a
2391:
is called the "small" octave. Notes in it are written as
680:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
4596:, German for "planar", or just because the Gothic
4565:) symbols respectively. The sharp symbol arose from a
4463:). When the range was extended down by one note, to a
4443:
in each octave was introduced, these being written as
3854:
3832:
3555:
4116:
4093:
4062:
3990:
3758:
3728:
3701:
3656:
3520:
3497:
3477:
3340:
3313:
3293:
3270:
3250:
3193:
3184:) that reference note, and thus have a frequency of:
3170:
3150:
3130:
225:
may further indicate how performers should shape the
567:
197:. Although this article focuses on pitch, notes for
724:. Notes that do not meet that criterion are called
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5233:Medieval letter notations: A survey of the sources
4163:
4099:
4068:
4045:
3915:
3741:
3714:
3683:
3639:
3503:
3483:
3421:
3319:
3299:
3279:
3256:
3229:
3176:
3156:
3136:
2333:between a note and another with double frequency.
317:. In order of halving duration, these values are:
237:. Notes may even distinguish the use of different
4961:. Translated by Nicholas Dufault. Hercules Press.
4880:, Arabic-speaking and Persian-speaking countries.
2555:is clear, the octaves actually played by any one
229:of the note and express fluctuations in a note's
6307:
5275:Music and Discourse: Toward a Semiology of Music
4604:). Therefore, in current German music notation,
4569:(barred b), called the "cancelled b".
4250:for centuries. The 6th century philosopher
4246:Music notation systems have used letters of the
4176:
873:Systematic alterations to any of the 7 lettered
495:semihemidemisemiquaver, quasihemidemisemiquaver
5220:. Book IV, chapter 14, page 341.
4467:, that note was denoted using the Greek letter
4455:) and double lower-case letters for the third (
828:of a note's letter when written in text (e.g. F
761:) lowers a note by a half step. This half step
616:(A, B, C, D, E, F and G), corresponding to the
524:(the time between notes) of various durations.
5098:
5078:
4956:
2537:; up chromatically to its highest: number 127
2084:
2073:
2062:
2051:
2040:
2029:
2013:
2002:
1991:
1980:
1969:
1958:
1937:
1926:
1915:
1904:
1893:
1880:
1871:
1860:
1851:
1840:
1831:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1791:
1782:
1771:
6184:
5969:
5955:
5352:
5332:Free music paper for printing and downloading
5246:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
5244:The Cambridge History of Western Music Theory
4528: flat) was written as a Latin, cursive "
3943:semitone. Since one semitone equals 100
2329:" of the bottom note, since an octave is the
2282:
2271:
2260:
2249:
2238:
2227:
2216:
2205:
2194:
2183:
2172:
2161:
5307:Converter: Frequencies to note name, ± cents
4763:(again, easier to pronounce while singing).
4665:
4638: flat). Occasionally, music written in
4480:
4262:did not exist until the 16th century),
621:
170:facilitates performance, comprehension, and
5143:
5127:
3244:of two times the original frequency, since
3066:
2294:Distinguishing pitches of different octaves
2022:
646:
6191:
6177:
5962:
5948:
5914:
5359:
5345:
3684:{\displaystyle \log _{2}({\text{440 Hz}})}
2337:Scientific versus Helmholtz pitch notation
888:
259:
16:Representation of isolatable musical sound
5241:
5203:International Music Score Library Project
4959:Byzantine Music in Theory and in Practice
4545: natural) a Gothic script (known as
4228:Learn how and when to remove this message
4157:
4039:
3905:
3749:in this logarithmic scale simplifies to:
3691:can be conveniently ignored, because the
3411:
3226:
2511:in scientific notation and instead named
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
3436:
554:
531:
174:. Notes may be visually communicated by
145: instead of the intended characters.
5269:
4944:
527:
143:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
6308:
5230:
4719:system. For ease of singing, the name
4553:. These evolved into the modern flat (
6172:
5943:
5340:
559:Latin alphabet names of notes of the
5366:
5196:
4970:
4968:
4590:, German for "harsh", as opposed to
4180:
3432:
2472:and is the start of the 4th octave.
2354:, which distinguishes octaves using
824:). Accidental symbols are placed to
269:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
4747:. For the seventh degree, the name
4727:(most likely from the beginning of
2314:and are often given the same name.
2298:Two pitches that are any number of
609:with that same order of syllables.
13:
5279:Musicologie générale et sémiologie
4995:
2478:The lowest note on most pianos is
185:Notes can distinguish the general
14:
6327:
5300:
4965:
568:Distinguishing pitches of a scale
6294:
6057:
5924:
5923:
5913:
4684:
4185:
814:
798:
469:
450:
431:
412:
393:
374:
355:
336:
273:
199:unpitched percussion instruments
123:
23:
5263:
5224:
5190:
5161:
5116:
5072:
5045:
4911:
4642:for international use will use
2458:designating a specific octave.
501:These durations can further be
131:This article contains uncommon
34:needs additional citations for
5285:. Princeton University Press.
5022:
4950:
4902:
4893:
4883:
4815:
4485:derives, and the English word
3821:
3808:
3789:
3776:
3678:
3670:
3630:
3622:
3590:
3582:
3544:
3538:
3144:of half-steps above (positive
2426:, where a pitch class letter (
2387:The octave starting at middle
698:
622:§ 12-tone chromatic scale
1:
5327:Learn How to Read Sheet Music
4932:
4177:Pitch names and their history
3112:as 440 Hz. Notes played
3081:Pitch is associated with the
2520:electronic musical instrument
2454:) is followed by a subscript
516:is formed from a sequence in
5322:Frequencies of musical notes
4679:in Northern Europe (notated
4580:transformed into the letter
4210:Knowledge's inclusion policy
3695:between any two frequencies
3240:Octaves automatically yield
2620: sub-subcontra
2321:is the bottom note's second
804:) to raise the pitch by two
677:
158:are distinct and isolatable
7:
6198:
5724:History of music publishing
5144:
5128:
4766:
3331:multiplied by 440 Hz:
2500:For instance, the standard
2362:of the pitch class letter.
2023:
639:, musical notes are called
10:
6332:
6261:List of chord progressions
5231:Browne, Alma Colk (1979).
4239:
3307:is a multiple of 12 (with
3070:
2340:
2306:are in a ratio equal to a
782: ≅ 1.0595). The
702:
491:hundred twenty-eighth note
309:that indicates the note's
263:
241:by using special symbols.
6292:
6206:
6158:List of musical intervals
6153:
6117:
6066:
6055:
5977:
5971:Consonance and dissonance
5929:Category:Musical notation
5909:
5873:
5795:Numbered musical notation
5747:
5714:
5594:
5586:Scientific pitch notation
5477:
5374:
5099:
5079:
4507:was flattened in certain
4274:scientific pitch notation
2593:
2584:
2575:
2569:
2424:Scientific pitch notation
2283:
2272:
2261:
2250:
2239:
2228:
2217:
2206:
2195:
2184:
2173:
2162:
2132:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2102:
2099:
2093:
2085:
2074:
2063:
2052:
2041:
2030:
2014:
2003:
1992:
1981:
1970:
1959:
1938:
1927:
1916:
1905:
1894:
1881:
1878:
1872:
1861:
1858:
1852:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1706:
1634:
1618:
1602:
1586:
1583:
1567:
1551:
1548:
1476:
1460:
1444:
1428:
1425:
1409:
1393:
1390:
1316:
1300:
1284:
1268:
1265:
1249:
1233:
1230:
1164:
1148:
1132:
1116:
1113:
1097:
1081:
1078:
1007:
993:
979:
965:
962:
948:
929:
926:
877:are communicated using a
709:Notes that belong to the
659:(a line or space) on the
632:(Πα–Βου–Γα–Δι–Κε–Ζω–Νη).
544:notated as a symbol on a
5576:Helmholtz pitch notation
4878:Latin American countries
4808:
4723:was largely replaced by
3067:Pitch frequency in hertz
2352:Helmholtz pitch notation
647:Writing notes on a staff
217:for a note indicate how
5919:List of musical symbols
5790:Nashville Number System
4957:Savas I. Savas (1965).
4511:to avoid the dissonant
4447:for the second octave (
3972:
2515:in Helmholtz notation.
2304:fundamental frequencies
889:12-tone chromatic scale
682:download the audio file
663:, as determined by the
260:Distinguishing duration
205:expresses the relative
5469:Transposing instrument
5012:(after consonant) and
4985:(after consonant) and
4737:Giovanni Battista Doni
4666:
4481:
4165:
4101:
4070:
4047:
3917:
3743:
3716:
3685:
3641:
3505:
3485:
3464:
3423:
3321:
3301:
3281:
3258:
3231:
3178:
3158:
3138:
3110:currently standardized
2504:tuning pitch is named
564:
552:
5281:]. Translated by
5271:Nattiez, Jean-Jacques
4947:, p. 81, note 9.
4695:do–re–mi–fa–sol–la–si
4166:
4102:
4071:
4048:
3918:
3744:
3742:{\displaystyle f_{2}}
3717:
3715:{\displaystyle f_{1}}
3686:
3642:
3506:
3486:
3440:
3424:
3322:
3302:
3282:
3259:
3232:
3179:
3164:) or below (negative
3159:
3139:
3073:Music and mathematics
2343:Piano key frequencies
858:), but are placed to
747:) raises a note by a
594:specifically for the
558:
535:
254:Happy Birthday to You
4621: natural), and
4491:, from "gamma-ut".)
4114:
4091:
4060:
3988:
3756:
3726:
3699:
3654:
3518:
3495:
3475:
3338:
3311:
3291:
3268:
3264:can be expressed as
3248:
3191:
3168:
3148:
3128:
3118:12 equal temperament
2147:Shatshruti Dha (D3)
2127:Chatushruti Dha (D2)
630:Pa–Vu–Ga–Di–Ke–Zo–Ni
528:Distinguishing pitch
193:played by a pitched
43:improve this article
5815:Percussion notation
5208:Gottfried Friedlein
4608:is used instead of
4276:are represented as
4080:(MIDI note 0) and A
3280:{\displaystyle 12v}
2892: three-lined
2566:
2106:Chatushruti Ri (R2)
1231:Swedish compromise
923:
773:frequency ratio of
765:is also known as a
717:context are called
583:naming convention.
579:and others use the
482:hemidemisemiquaver
321:
239:extended techniques
4731:, "Lord"), though
4650: natural and
4549:) or "hard-edged"
4426:Dialogus de musica
4161:
4097:
4066:
4043:
3913:
3911:
3870:
3848:
3739:
3712:
3681:
3637:
3635:
3564:
3501:
3481:
3465:
3448:versus pitch of a
3419:
3417:
3317:
3297:
3277:
3254:
3227:
3174:
3154:
3134:
3120:system will be an
2973: five-lined
2931: four-lined
2658: sub-contra
2564:
2408:Helmholtz notation
2402:itself is written
2317:The top note of a
2302:apart (i.e. their
2141:Shatshruti Ri (R3)
1549:Romance languages
921:
705:Accidental (music)
592:re–mi–fa–sol–la–ti
577:European countries
565:
553:
459:thirty-second note
320:
305:A note can have a
285:. You can help by
6303:
6302:
6236:Chord progression
6166:
6165:
5937:
5936:
5881:Mensural notation
4382:Boethian notation
4238:
4237:
4230:
4155:
4143:
4100:{\displaystyle p}
4069:{\displaystyle p}
4037:
4034:
3977:For use with the
3869:
3847:
3676:
3628:
3588:
3563:
3504:{\displaystyle v}
3484:{\displaystyle h}
3433:Logarithmic scale
3409:
3381:
3372:
3320:{\displaystyle v}
3300:{\displaystyle h}
3257:{\displaystyle h}
3224:
3212:
3177:{\displaystyle h}
3157:{\displaystyle h}
3137:{\displaystyle h}
3062:
3061:
3050:
3012: six-lined
2853: two-lined
2814: one-lined
2485:, the highest is
2365:The octave below
2291:
2290:
2109:Sadharana Ga (G2)
771:equal temperament
686:
563:scale on a staff.
499:
498:
478:sixty-fourth note
303:
302:
139:rendering support
119:
118:
111:
93:
6323:
6316:Musical notation
6298:
6193:
6186:
6179:
6170:
6169:
6061:
6060:
5964:
5957:
5950:
5941:
5940:
5927:
5926:
5917:
5916:
5780:Graphic notation
5444:Rehearsal letter
5368:Musical notation
5361:
5354:
5347:
5338:
5337:
5296:
5258:
5257:
5236:
5228:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5198:Boethius, A.M.S.
5194:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5172:
5171:
5165:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5137:
5136:
5131:
5120:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5101:
5092:
5091:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5070:
5049:
5043:
5026:
5020:
5016:(after vowel) =
4999:
4993:
4989:(after vowel) =
4972:
4963:
4962:
4954:
4948:
4942:
4926:
4915:
4909:
4906:
4900:
4897:
4891:
4887:
4881:
4819:
4689:
4688:
4678:
4677:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4633:
4632:
4616:
4615:
4599:
4579:
4568:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4540:
4539:
4531:
4523:
4522:
4502:
4501:
4484:
4478:
4476:
4233:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4213:
4189:
4188:
4181:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4156:
4153:
4145:
4144:
4139:
4128:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4023:
4018:
4017:
3968:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3912:
3904:
3903:
3891:
3890:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3833:
3820:
3819:
3804:
3803:
3788:
3787:
3772:
3771:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3674:
3666:
3665:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3636:
3629:
3626:
3618:
3617:
3596:
3589:
3586:
3578:
3577:
3565:
3556:
3534:
3533:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3469:base-2 logarithm
3462:
3461:
3444:of frequency in
3442:Logarithmic plot
3428:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3418:
3410:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3360:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3318:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3214:
3213:
3205:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3057:
3042:
3006:
2967:
2960:
2925:
2886:
2847:
2808:
2769:
2730:
2691:
2649:
2567:
2563:
2547:
2536:
2522:standard called
2286:
2285:
2275:
2274:
2264:
2263:
2253:
2252:
2242:
2241:
2231:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2209:
2208:
2198:
2197:
2187:
2186:
2176:
2175:
2165:
2164:
2124:Shuddha Dha (D1)
2088:
2087:
2077:
2076:
2066:
2065:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2043:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2017:
2016:
2006:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1961:
1941:
1940:
1930:
1929:
1919:
1918:
1908:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1884:
1883:
1875:
1874:
1864:
1863:
1855:
1854:
1844:
1843:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1806:
1805:
1795:
1794:
1786:
1785:
1775:
1774:
1700:
1699:
1687:
1686:
1674:
1673:
1661:
1660:
1648:
1647:
1630:
1629:
1614:
1613:
1598:
1597:
1579:
1578:
1563:
1562:
1542:
1541:
1529:
1528:
1516:
1515:
1503:
1502:
1490:
1489:
1472:
1471:
1456:
1455:
1440:
1439:
1421:
1420:
1405:
1404:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1370:
1358:
1357:
1345:
1344:
1332:
1331:
1312:
1311:
1296:
1295:
1280:
1279:
1261:
1260:
1245:
1244:
1219:
1218:
1206:
1205:
1193:
1192:
1180:
1179:
1160:
1159:
1144:
1143:
1128:
1127:
1109:
1108:
1093:
1092:
1072:
1071:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1048:
1038:
1037:
1026:
1025:
1004:
1003:
990:
989:
976:
975:
959:
958:
944:
943:
924:
920:
902:
901:
866:when drawn on a
853:
852:
843:
842:
833:
832:
819:
818:
803:
802:
791:
790:
780:
779:
760:
759:
746:
745:
602:labels notes of
474:
473:
455:
454:
436:
435:
417:
416:
398:
397:
379:
378:
360:
359:
341:
340:
327:"American" name
322:
319:
313:relative to the
298:
295:
277:
270:
227:attack and decay
189:or the specific
180:musical notation
127:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
6331:
6330:
6326:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6320:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6299:
6290:
6246:Harmonic rhythm
6202:
6197:
6167:
6162:
6149:
6113:
6062:
6058:
6053:
5973:
5968:
5938:
5933:
5905:
5869:
5743:
5734:Music publisher
5729:Music engraving
5710:
5590:
5581:Letter notation
5473:
5370:
5365:
5303:
5293:
5266:
5261:
5254:
5229:
5225:
5210:
5201:]: text at the
5195:
5191:
5179:
5178:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5162:
5150:
5149:
5134:
5133:
5121:
5117:
5105:
5104:
5089:
5088:
5077:
5073:
5050:
5046:
5027:
5023:
5000:
4996:
4973:
4966:
4955:
4951:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4930:
4929:
4917:used in Italy (
4916:
4912:
4907:
4903:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4884:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4783:Letter notation
4769:
4753:Sancte Iohannes
4712:Ut queant laxis
4707:Gregorian chant
4683:
4675:
4674:
4660:
4659:
4630:
4629:
4613:
4612:
4597:
4577:
4566:
4561:
4560:
4559:) and natural (
4555:
4554:
4550:
4537:
4536:
4529:
4520:
4519:
4499:
4498:
4474:
4472:
4394:complete system
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4244:
4242:Letter notation
4234:
4223:
4217:
4214:
4200:Please help by
4199:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4152:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4079:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4031:
4027:
4022:
4013:
4009:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3975:
3965:
3963:
3958:
3956:
3955:a frequency by
3935:
3931:
3930:
3910:
3909:
3899:
3895:
3886:
3882:
3873:
3872:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3838:
3834:
3831:
3824:
3815:
3811:
3799:
3795:
3783:
3779:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3733:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3706:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3673:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3634:
3633:
3625:
3613:
3609:
3594:
3593:
3585:
3573:
3569:
3554:
3547:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3459:
3457:
3450:chromatic scale
3435:
3416:
3415:
3406:
3397:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3221:
3204:
3200:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3107:
3079:
3071:Main articles:
3069:
3055:
3049:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2965:
2958:
2955:
2948:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2647:
2644:
2637:
2602:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2545:
2538:
2534:
2527:
2518:Meanwhile, the
2510:
2491:
2484:
2471:
2345:
2339:
2296:
2280:
2269:
2258:
2247:
2236:
2225:
2214:
2203:
2192:
2181:
2170:
2159:
2144:Shuddha Ni (N1)
2138:Shuddha Ga (G1)
2133:Kakali Ni (N3)
2130:Kaisika Ni (N2)
2115:Shuddha Ma (M1)
2103:Shuddha Ri (R1)
2082:
2071:
2060:
2049:
2038:
2027:
2011:
2000:
1989:
1978:
1967:
1956:
1935:
1924:
1913:
1902:
1891:
1869:
1849:
1829:
1800:
1780:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1001:
1000:
998:
987:
986:
984:
973:
972:
970:
956:
955:
953:
941:
940:
937:
912:chromatic scale
905:chromatic scale
899:
898:
891:
850:
849:
840:
839:
830:
829:
813:
797:
788:
787:
777:
775:
757:
756:
743:
742:
707:
701:
689:
688:
687:
685:
649:
635:In traditional
628:used the names
570:
530:
468:
463:demisemiquaver
449:
430:
411:
392:
373:
354:
335:
330:"British" name
299:
293:
290:
283:needs expansion
268:
262:
209:of the note in
148:
147:
146:
137:Without proper
128:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6329:
6319:
6318:
6301:
6300:
6293:
6291:
6289:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6256:List of chords
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6207:
6204:
6203:
6196:
6195:
6188:
6181:
6173:
6164:
6163:
6161:
6160:
6154:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6121:
6119:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6089:Perfect fourth
6086:
6081:
6076:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6027:Changing tones
6024:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5967:
5966:
5959:
5952:
5944:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5921:
5910:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5877:
5875:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5720:
5718:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5677:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5600:
5598:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5483:
5481:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5459:Time signature
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5380:
5378:
5372:
5371:
5364:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5302:
5301:External links
5299:
5298:
5297:
5291:
5283:Carolyn Abbate
5265:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5252:
5240:
5239:
5223:
5189:
5160:
5115:
5071:
5044:
5021:
4994:
4964:
4949:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4910:
4901:
4892:
4882:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4768:
4765:
4703:Guido d'Arezzo
4584:(possibly for
4390:perfect system
4378:
4377:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4270:
4269:
4256:Latin alphabet
4240:Main article:
4236:
4235:
4193:
4191:
4184:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4160:
4151:
4148:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4096:
4081:
4077:
4065:
4054:
4053:
4042:
4030:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3974:
3971:
3962: (≅
3939:of an equally-
3924:
3923:
3908:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3868:
3863:
3859:
3852:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3736:
3732:
3709:
3705:
3680:
3672:
3669:
3664:
3660:
3648:
3647:
3632:
3624:
3621:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3584:
3581:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3562:
3559:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3500:
3480:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3414:
3405:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3377:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3316:
3296:
3276:
3273:
3253:
3238:
3237:
3220:
3217:
3211:
3208:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3173:
3153:
3133:
3105:
3095:more consonant
3068:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3052:
3047:
3037:
3034:
3027:
3022:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2988:
2983:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2946:
2941:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2907:
2902:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2829:
2824:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2790:
2785:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2751:
2746:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2712:
2707:
2698:
2697: contra
2694:
2693:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2673:
2668:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2653:13.75
2651:
2645:
2642:
2635:
2630:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2596:that octave's
2592:
2583:
2574:
2548:(Although the
2543:
2532:
2508:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2482:
2476:
2469:
2456:Arabic numeral
2421:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2338:
2335:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2277:
2266:
2255:
2244:
2233:
2222:
2211:
2200:
2189:
2178:
2167:
2156:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2112:Antara Ga (G3)
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2091:
2090:
2079:
2068:
2057:
2046:
2035:
2019:
2008:
1997:
1986:
1975:
1964:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1932:
1921:
1910:
1899:
1887:
1886:
1877:
1866:
1857:
1846:
1837:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1797:
1788:
1777:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1690:
1677:
1664:
1651:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1620:
1617:
1604:
1601:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1569:
1566:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1532:
1519:
1506:
1493:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1462:
1459:
1446:
1443:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1411:
1408:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1374:
1361:
1348:
1335:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1302:
1299:
1286:
1283:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1251:
1248:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1209:
1196:
1183:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1150:
1147:
1134:
1131:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1099:
1096:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1062:
1051:
1040:
1029:
1012:
1011:
1006:
995:
992:
981:
978:
967:
964:
961:
950:
947:
931:
928:
890:
887:
769:(which has an
713:relevant in a
711:diatonic scale
703:Main article:
700:
697:
679:
676:
673:
657:staff position
648:
645:
624:for details).
614:Latin alphabet
569:
566:
529:
526:
497:
496:
493:
488:
484:
483:
480:
475:
465:
464:
461:
456:
446:
445:
442:
440:sixteenth note
437:
427:
426:
423:
418:
408:
407:
404:
399:
389:
388:
385:
380:
370:
369:
366:
361:
351:
350:
347:
342:
332:
331:
328:
325:
301:
300:
280:
278:
264:Main article:
261:
258:
221:to play them.
168:discretization
141:, you may see
129:
122:
121:
120:
117:
116:
58:"Musical note"
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6328:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6311:
6297:
6287:
6286:Voice leading
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6251:Harmonization
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6211:Accompaniment
6209:
6208:
6205:
6201:
6194:
6189:
6187:
6182:
6180:
6175:
6174:
6171:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6152:
6146:
6145:Major seventh
6143:
6141:
6140:Minor seventh
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6094:Perfect fifth
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6065:
6050:
6047:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6019:
6018:
6017:Nonchord tone
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5979:
5976:
5972:
5965:
5960:
5958:
5953:
5951:
5946:
5945:
5942:
5930:
5922:
5920:
5912:
5911:
5908:
5902:
5901:Transcription
5899:
5897:
5896:Sight-reading
5894:
5892:
5891:Perfect pitch
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5825:Ancient Greek
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5765:Chord diagram
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5755:Braille music
5753:
5752:
5750:
5748:Other systems
5746:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5721:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5488:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5480:
5479:Musical notes
5476:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5464:Transposition
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5419:Key signature
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5362:
5357:
5355:
5350:
5348:
5343:
5342:
5339:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5294:
5292:0-691-02714-5
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5267:
5255:
5253:0-521-62371-5
5249:
5245:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5227:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5199:
5193:
5186:
5176:
5164:
5157:
5146:
5141:
5130:
5125:
5122:According to
5119:
5112:
5096:
5086:
5075:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5053:
5048:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5030:
5025:
5019:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5003:
4998:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4971:
4969:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4941:
4937:
4924:
4920:
4914:
4905:
4896:
4886:
4879:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4818:
4814:
4804:
4803:Universal key
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4764:
4762:
4758:
4757:St. John
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4699:C–D–E–F–G–A–B
4696:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4673:
4668:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4600:resembles an
4595:
4594:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4575:
4570:
4548:
4544:
4535:
4527:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4497:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4470:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4324:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4243:
4232:
4229:
4221:
4218:November 2023
4211:
4207:
4203:
4197:
4194:This section
4192:
4183:
4182:
4174:
4158:
4149:
4146:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4094:
4085:
4063:
4040:
4028:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3970:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3928:
3906:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3866:
3861:
3857:
3850:
3844:
3839:
3835:
3828:
3826:
3816:
3812:
3805:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3784:
3780:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3734:
3730:
3707:
3703:
3694:
3667:
3662:
3658:
3619:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3541:
3535:
3530:
3526:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3498:
3478:
3470:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3412:
3403:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3388:
3375:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3345:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3314:
3294:
3274:
3271:
3251:
3243:
3218:
3215:
3209:
3206:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3171:
3151:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3103:
3102:concert pitch
3098:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3077:Pitch (music)
3074:
3053:
3046:
3038:
3033:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3002:
2999:
2994:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2963:
2957:
2952:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2921:
2918:
2913:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2882:
2879:
2874:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2843:
2840:
2835:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2804:
2801:
2796:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2775: small
2774:
2773:
2765:
2762:
2757:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2736: great
2735:
2734:
2726:
2723:
2718:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2641:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2587:
2578:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2546:≈ 12,544 Hz).
2542:
2531:
2525:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2507:
2503:
2488:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2356:prime symbols
2353:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2319:musical scale
2315:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2278:
2267:
2256:
2245:
2234:
2223:
2212:
2201:
2190:
2179:
2168:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2129:
2126:
2118:Prati Ma (M2)
2108:
2105:
2096:
2092:
2080:
2069:
2058:
2047:
2036:
2025:
2020:
2009:
1998:
1987:
1976:
1965:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1933:
1922:
1911:
1900:
1889:
1888:
1867:
1847:
1827:
1798:
1778:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1720:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1688:
1678:
1675:
1665:
1662:
1652:
1649:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1621:
1615:
1605:
1599:
1589:
1580:
1570:
1564:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1533:
1530:
1520:
1517:
1507:
1504:
1494:
1491:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1463:
1457:
1447:
1441:
1431:
1422:
1412:
1406:
1396:
1389:
1386:
1375:
1372:
1362:
1359:
1349:
1346:
1336:
1333:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1313:
1303:
1297:
1287:
1281:
1271:
1262:
1252:
1246:
1236:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1210:
1207:
1197:
1194:
1184:
1181:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1151:
1145:
1135:
1129:
1119:
1110:
1100:
1094:
1084:
1077:
1074:
1063:
1052:
1041:
1030:
1027:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
996:
982:
968:
951:
945:
936:
932:
925:
919:
917:
913:
908:
906:
896:
895:enharmonicity
886:
884:
880:
879:key signature
876:
875:pitch classes
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
847:
837:
827:
823:
822:quarter tones
817:
811:
807:
801:
795:
785:
781:
772:
768:
764:
754:
750:
740:
736:
735:
730:
728:
723:
721:
716:
712:
706:
696:
694:
683:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
644:
642:
638:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
608:
605:
601:
598:scale, while
597:
593:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
562:
557:
550:
547:
543:
539:
534:
525:
523:
519:
515:
510:
508:
504:
494:
492:
489:
486:
485:
481:
479:
476:
472:
467:
466:
462:
460:
457:
453:
448:
447:
443:
441:
438:
434:
429:
428:
424:
422:
419:
415:
410:
409:
405:
403:
400:
396:
391:
390:
386:
384:
381:
377:
372:
371:
367:
365:
362:
358:
353:
352:
348:
346:
343:
339:
334:
333:
329:
326:
324:
323:
318:
316:
315:musical meter
312:
308:
297:
288:
284:
281:This section
279:
276:
272:
271:
267:
257:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
223:Articulations
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
144:
140:
136:
134:
126:
113:
110:
102:
99:February 2022
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
6281:Simultaneity
6265:
6216:Alberti bass
6130:Major second
6125:Minor second
6012:Musical note
6011:
5800:Klavarskribo
5775:Figured bass
5649:Appoggiatura
5596:Articulation
5478:
5394:Abbreviation
5278:
5274:
5264:Bibliography
5243:
5232:
5226:
5200:
5192:
5163:
5118:
5084:
5074:
5063:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5036:
5028:
5024:
5013:
5009:
5001:
4997:
4986:
4982:
4974:
4958:
4952:
4945:Nattiez 1990
4940:
4922:
4918:
4913:
4904:
4895:
4885:
4817:
4788:Musical tone
4760:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4710:
4698:
4697:rather than
4694:
4692:
4680:
4671:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4635:
4626:
4622:
4618:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4591:
4585:
4581:
4571:
4542:
4533:
4525:
4516:
4504:
4495:
4493:
4487:
4473:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4440:
4436:
4434:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4381:
4379:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4271:
4266:
4245:
4224:
4215:
4202:spinning off
4195:
4173:
4086:
4055:
3976:
3952:
3948:
3925:
3692:
3649:
3466:
3452:starting on
3239:
3113:
3099:
3089:measured in
3087:oscillations
3085:of physical
3080:
3044:
3031:
3024:
3019:
3015:
2992:
2985:
2980:
2976:
2950:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2911:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2872:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2833:
2826:
2821:
2817:
2794:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2755:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2716:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2661:
2639:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2598:
2594:Frequency of
2577:'Scientific'
2552:
2540:
2535:≈ 8.1758 Hz)
2529:
2517:
2512:
2505:
2499:
2486:
2479:
2466:
2462:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2403:
2398:
2395:letters, so
2388:
2368:
2346:
2316:
2308:power of two
2297:
1762:Zo hyphesis
1376:
1317:
1224:
1165:
1064:
1008:
915:
909:
892:
872:
859:
825:
794:double-sharp
751:, while the
732:
725:
718:
708:
690:
650:
637:Indian music
634:
629:
611:
603:
591:
573:Music theory
571:
541:
537:
511:
500:
402:quarter note
304:
291:
287:adding to it
282:
245:
243:
184:
155:
149:
130:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
6118:Dissonances
6104:Major sixth
6099:Minor sixth
6084:Major third
6079:Minor third
6067:Consonances
6037:Preparation
6032:Pedal point
5886:Music stand
5760:Chord chart
5739:Scorewriter
5716:Sheet music
5514:Dotted note
5449:Repeat sign
5424:Ledger line
5211: [
5177:); Komôl =
4824:is used in
4664:). Since a
4625:instead of
4547:Blackletter
3953:multiplying
2615:note names
2612:octave name
2502:440 Hz
2360:letter case
2312:pitch class
1759:Ke hyphesis
1756:Di hyphesis
1753:Vu hyphesis
1750:Pa hyphesis
1666:sol bemolle
864:note's head
810:double-flat
734:accidentals
699:Accidentals
607:major scale
546:treble clef
444:semiquaver
421:eighth note
345:double note
187:pitch class
135:characters.
6221:Banjo roll
6042:Resolution
5987:Avoid note
5860:Shakuhachi
5835:Ekphonetic
5820:Simplified
5785:Lead sheet
5659:Grace note
5524:Note value
5519:Grace note
5487:Accidental
5126:Notation.
5124:Bhatkhande
4933:References
4798:Shape note
4778:Grace note
4773:Ghost note
4445:lower-case
4206:relocating
3949:difference
3693:difference
3329:power of 2
3000:108 – 119
2393:lower case
2374:upper case
2341:See also:
1948:Hindustani
1692:si bemolle
1679:la bemolle
1653:mi bemolle
1640:re bemolle
1606:sol diesis
600:movable do
503:subdivided
368:semibreve
364:whole note
307:note value
294:March 2024
266:Note value
203:Note value
195:instrument
69:newspapers
6241:Four-part
5855:Swaralipi
5845:Kunkunshi
5805:Tablature
5770:Eye music
5654:Glissando
5629:Fingering
5414:Dal segno
5273:(1990) .
4850:Lithuania
4430:monochord
4147:×
4134:−
4020:
4007:×
3893:−
3851:−
3806:
3793:−
3774:
3668:
3620:
3580:
3536:
3404:×
3376:×
3216:×
3116:with the
3083:frequency
3039:120 – 127
2961:96 – 107
2573:notation
2571:Helmholtz
2465:is named
2376:letters.
2246:Komôl Dha
2048:Dha Komal
1767:Japanese
1742:Ke diesis
1736:Di diesis
1730:Ga diesis
1721:Pa diesis
1715:Ni diesis
1708:Byzantine
1622:la diesis
1590:fa diesis
1571:re diesis
1555:do diesis
893:Assuming
856:C natural
826:the right
806:semitones
749:half step
727:chromatic
669:musicians
626:Byzantium
589:syllables
587:uses the
536:The note
406:crotchet
383:half note
244:The term
6310:Category
6276:Sequence
6022:Cambiata
6007:Interval
5982:Argument
5865:Znamenny
5706:Tonguing
5691:Staccato
5644:Ornament
5619:Dynamics
5571:Interval
5534:Notehead
5509:Cue note
5218:Boethius
5180:♭
5170:♯
5151:♭
5135:♯
5106:♭
5103:(hen) =
5090:♯
5064:hyphesis
4854:Portugal
4834:Bulgaria
4767:See also
4676:♭
4661:♭
4631:♭
4614:♮
4562:♮
4556:♭
4538:♮
4521:♭
4503:, since
4500:♭
4260:letter J
4252:Boethius
4248:alphabet
4154: Hz
4033: Hz
3941:tempered
3454:middle C
3223: Hz
3058:
3043:ends at
3007:
2968:
2926:
2919:84 – 95
2887:
2880:72 – 83
2848:
2841:60 – 71
2809:
2802:48 – 59
2770:
2763:36 – 47
2731:
2724:24 – 35
2692:
2685:12 – 23
2591:numbers
2553:standard
2331:interval
2323:harmonic
2268:Komôl Ni
2191:Komôl Ga
2169:Komôl Re
2095:Carnatic
2070:Ni Komal
1988:Ga Komal
1966:Re Komal
1698:♭
1685:♭
1672:♭
1659:♭
1646:♭
1628:♯
1612:♯
1596:♯
1577:♯
1561:♯
1540:♭
1527:♭
1514:♭
1501:♭
1488:♭
1470:♯
1454:♯
1438:♯
1419:♯
1403:♯
1382:♭
1369:♭
1356:♭
1343:♭
1330:♭
1310:♯
1294:♯
1278:♯
1259:♯
1243:♯
1217:♭
1204:♭
1191:♭
1178:♭
1158:♯
1142:♯
1126:♯
1107:♯
1091:♯
1070:♭
1058:♭
1047:♭
1036:♭
1024:♭
1002:♯
988:♯
974:♯
957:♯
942:♯
927:English
900:♯
860:the left
851:♮
841:♭
831:♯
812:symbol (
796:symbol (
789:♮
786:symbol (
767:semitone
763:interval
758:♭
755:symbol (
744:♯
741:symbol (
720:diatonic
585:Fixed do
575:in most
311:duration
215:Dynamics
207:duration
178:them in
172:analysis
6226:Cadence
6200:Harmony
6135:Tritone
6049:Spectra
5997:Cadence
5992:Beating
5874:Related
5840:Gamelan
5830:Chinese
5810:Parsons
5681:Portato
5664:Mordent
5639:Marcato
5624:Fermata
5614:Damping
5609:Caesura
5566:Tremolo
5497:natural
5409:Da capo
5037:bemolle
4923:bemolle
4876:, most
4874:Ukraine
4858:Romania
4830:Belgium
4826:Albania
4822:Solfège
4793:Pensato
4729:Dominus
4717:solfège
4709:melody
4532:", and
4513:tritone
4386:Ptolemy
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
3957:√
3934:⁄
3458:√
3124:number
3122:integer
3114:in tune
2650:0 – 11
2461:Middle
2397:middle
2367:middle
2300:octaves
2224:Kôṛi Ma
2155:Indian
2153:Bengali
2097:Indian
1079:German
997:A sharp
983:G sharp
969:F sharp
952:D sharp
848:, and C
836:F-sharp
784:natural
776:√
618:A minor
596:C major
581:solfège
561:A minor
507:tuplets
487:𝅘𝅥𝅲
425:quaver
176:writing
166:. This
133:Unicode
83:scholar
6109:Octave
6074:Unison
5696:Tenuto
5634:Legato
5604:Accent
5561:Tuplet
5289:
5250:
5052:diesis
5029:diesis
4919:diesis
4870:Turkey
4862:Russia
4842:Greece
4838:France
4751:(from
4640:German
4576:
4574:Gothic
4420:, and
4056:where
3675:440 Hz
3627:440 Hz
3587:440 Hz
3408:440 Hz
3380:440 Hz
3242:powers
3104:" of A
3054:14 080
2582:names
2327:octave
1951:Indian
1934:Hen-ro
1912:Hen-to
1901:Hen-ho
1890:Hen-ni
1391:Dutch
1065:B flat
1053:A flat
1042:G flat
1031:E flat
846:B-flat
808:, the
641:svaras
514:rhythm
505:using
387:minim
349:breve
231:timbre
160:sounds
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
6271:Pitch
6231:Chord
6002:Chord
5850:Neume
5674:Trill
5669:Slide
5556:Tacet
5546:Pitch
5502:sharp
5454:Tempo
5439:Scale
5434:Ossia
5376:Staff
5277:[
5215:]
5175:sharp
5145:Komal
5140:sharp
5129:Tivra
5095:sharp
5060:sharp
5033:sharp
5006:sharp
4979:sharp
4866:Spain
4846:Italy
4809:Notes
4593:blatt
4509:modes
4488:gamut
4482:gamme
4469:gamma
4258:(the
3964:1.000
3945:cents
3927:Cents
3446:hertz
3287:when
3091:hertz
3003:7 040
2964:3 520
2922:1 760
2605:Hertz
2024:Tivra
1923:Hen-i
1848:Ei-to
1828:Ei-he
1799:Ei-ni
1779:Ei-ha
935:sharp
868:staff
862:of a
739:sharp
729:notes
722:notes
715:tonal
693:staff
661:staff
653:score
651:In a
549:staff
522:rests
235:pitch
191:pitch
164:music
156:notes
152:music
90:JSTOR
76:books
6266:Note
5686:Slur
5551:Rest
5539:stem
5529:beam
5492:flat
5429:Mode
5404:Clef
5287:ISBN
5248:ISBN
5185:flat
5156:flat
5111:flat
5087:) =
5068:flat
5058:) =
5056:diez
5054:(or
5041:flat
5018:flat
5010:-ess
5002:-iss
4991:flat
4654:for
4646:for
4587:hart
4107:is:
3979:MIDI
3973:MIDI
3722:and
3467:The
3075:and
2688:27.5
2603:(in
2589:note
2586:MIDI
2580:note
2557:MIDI
2550:MIDI
2524:MIDI
2358:and
1879:Ro (
1868:Ei-i
1839:To (
1819:He (
1810:Ho (
1790:Ni (
1770:Ha (
1668:(sol
1608:(sol
1377:Bess
1350:Gess
1324:Dess
1304:Aiss
1288:Giss
1272:Fiss
1253:Diss
1237:Ciss
1017:flat
916:bold
753:flat
691:The
665:clef
518:time
250:song
246:note
233:and
219:loud
211:time
62:news
5701:Tie
5399:Bar
5142:);
5097:);
5014:-ss
4983:-es
4975:-is
4743:to
4670:or
4667:Bes
4530:𝑏
4392:or
4204:or
4150:440
4029:440
4011:log
3969:).
3966:578
3936:100
3797:log
3765:log
3659:log
3611:log
3571:log
3527:log
3491:or
3219:440
3056:.00
3020:b″⁗
3016:c″⁗
3005:.00
2981:b″‴
2977:c″‴
2966:.00
2924:.00
2885:.00
2883:880
2846:.00
2844:440
2807:.00
2805:220
2768:.00
2766:110
2729:.00
2628:B„‚
2624:C„‚
2406:in
2257:Dha
2229:হ্ম
2196:জ্ঞ
2075:नि॒
2059:Dha
2021:Ma
1971:रे॒
1859:I (
1745:Zo
1694:(si
1681:(la
1655:(mi
1642:(re
1635:si
1624:(la
1603:sol
1592:(fa
1573:(re
1557:(do
1534:Bes
1508:Ges
1482:Des
1464:Ais
1448:Gis
1432:Fis
1413:Dis
1397:Cis
1363:Ass
1337:Ess
1198:Ges
1172:Des
1152:Ais
1136:Gis
1120:Fis
1101:Dis
1085:Cis
883:bar
854:is
844:is
838:, B
834:is
731:or
604:any
540:or
289:.
150:In
45:by
6312::
5389:15
5213:de
5206:.
5148:=
5132:=
5085:ei
5066:=
5062:;
5039:=
5035:;
5031:=
5008:;
5004:=
4987:-s
4981:;
4977:=
4967:^
4872:,
4868:,
4864:,
4860:,
4856:,
4852:,
4848:,
4844:,
4840:,
4836:,
4832:,
4828:,
4761:ti
4755:,
4749:si
4745:do
4741:ut
4733:ut
4725:do
4721:ut
4598:𝕭
4578:𝕭
4551:𝕭
4461:gg
4457:aa
4432:.
4416:,
4412:,
4408:,
4404:,
4400:,
4141:12
4137:69
4084:.
4078:−1
4004:12
3998:69
3867:12
3845:12
3561:12
3511::
3370:12
3363:12
3272:12
3210:12
3108:,
3051:)
3030:–
3018:–
2991:–
2979:–
2949:–
2939:b⁗
2937:–
2935:c⁗
2910:–
2900:b‴
2898:–
2896:c‴
2871:–
2861:b″
2859:–
2857:c″
2832:–
2822:b′
2820:–
2818:c′
2793:–
2781:–
2754:–
2742:–
2727:55
2715:–
2705:B‚
2703:–
2701:C‚
2676:–
2666:B„
2664:–
2662:C„
2643:−1
2638:–
2636:−1
2626:–
2607:)
2533:−1
2513:a′
2450:,
2446:,
2442:,
2438:,
2434:,
2430:,
2410:.
2287:)
2284:নি
2279:Ni
2235:Pa
2213:Ma
2202:Ga
2185:রে
2180:Re
2163:সা
2158:Sa
2121:Pa
2100:Sa
2089:)
2086:नि
2081:Ni
2053:ध॒
2037:Pa
2031:म॑
2010:Ma
1999:Ga
1993:ग॒
1982:रे
1977:Re
1960:सा
1955:Sa
1942:)
1939:変ロ
1928:変イ
1917:変ト
1906:変ホ
1895:変ニ
1885:)
1873:嬰イ
1853:嬰ト
1833:嬰へ
1804:嬰ニ
1784:嬰ハ
1739:Ke
1733:Di
1727:Ga
1724:Vu
1718:Pa
1712:Ni
1702:)
1619:la
1587:fa
1584:mi
1568:re
1552:do
1544:)
1536:(B
1523:(A
1521:As
1510:(G
1497:(E
1495:Es
1484:(D
1477:B
1466:(A
1450:(G
1434:(F
1415:(D
1399:(C
1379:(B
1365:(A
1352:(G
1339:(E
1326:(D
1306:(A
1290:(G
1274:(F
1255:(D
1239:(C
1213:(A
1211:As
1200:(G
1187:(E
1185:Es
1174:(D
1154:(A
1138:(G
1122:(F
1103:(D
1087:(C
1067:(B
1055:(A
1044:(G
1033:(E
1020:(D
1015:D
999:(A
985:(G
971:(F
954:(D
938:(C
933:C
870:.
542:La
512:A
509:.
213:.
182:.
154:,
6192:e
6185:t
6178:v
5963:e
5956:t
5949:v
5384:8
5360:e
5353:t
5346:v
5295:.
5256:.
5187:)
5183:(
5173:(
5158:)
5154:(
5138:(
5113:)
5109:(
5100:変
5093:(
5083:(
5080:嬰
4921:/
4681:B
4672:B
4656:B
4652:B
4648:B
4644:H
4636:B
4634:(
4627:B
4623:B
4619:B
4617:(
4610:B
4606:H
4602:H
4582:H
4567:ƀ
4543:B
4541:(
4534:B
4526:B
4524:(
4517:B
4505:B
4496:B
4475:Γ
4471:(
4465:G
4459:–
4453:g
4451:–
4449:a
4441:G
4439:–
4437:A
4422:G
4418:F
4414:E
4410:D
4406:C
4402:B
4398:A
4375:4
4372:G
4368:4
4365:F
4361:4
4358:E
4354:4
4351:D
4347:4
4344:C
4340:3
4337:B
4333:3
4330:A
4326:3
4323:G
4319:3
4316:F
4312:3
4309:E
4305:3
4302:D
4298:3
4295:C
4291:2
4288:B
4284:2
4281:A
4231:)
4225:(
4220:)
4216:(
4212:.
4198:.
4159:.
4131:p
4125:2
4121:=
4118:f
4095:p
4082:4
4064:p
4041:,
4025:f
4015:2
4001:+
3995:=
3992:p
3959:2
3932:1
3907:.
3901:2
3897:v
3888:1
3884:v
3880:=
3862:2
3858:h
3840:1
3836:h
3829:=
3822:)
3817:2
3813:f
3809:(
3801:2
3790:)
3785:1
3781:f
3777:(
3769:2
3735:2
3731:f
3708:1
3704:f
3679:)
3671:(
3663:2
3631:)
3623:(
3615:2
3607:+
3604:v
3601:=
3591:)
3583:(
3575:2
3567:+
3558:h
3552:=
3545:)
3542:f
3539:(
3531:2
3499:v
3479:h
3463:.
3460:2
3413:.
3399:v
3395:2
3391:=
3366:v
3357:2
3353:=
3346:f
3315:v
3295:h
3275:v
3252:h
3207:h
3202:2
3198:=
3195:f
3172:h
3152:h
3132:h
3106:4
3048:9
3045:G
3041:(
3035:9
3032:B
3028:9
3025:C
2996:8
2993:B
2989:8
2986:C
2959:0
2954:7
2951:B
2947:7
2944:C
2915:6
2912:B
2908:6
2905:C
2876:5
2873:B
2869:5
2866:C
2837:4
2834:B
2830:4
2827:C
2798:3
2795:B
2791:3
2788:C
2783:b
2779:c
2759:2
2756:B
2752:2
2749:C
2744:B
2740:C
2720:1
2717:B
2713:1
2710:C
2690:0
2681:0
2678:B
2674:0
2671:C
2648:0
2640:B
2633:C
2599:A
2544:9
2541:G
2539:(
2530:C
2528:(
2509:4
2506:A
2492:.
2490:8
2487:C
2483:0
2480:A
2470:4
2467:C
2463:C
2452:B
2448:A
2444:G
2440:F
2436:E
2432:D
2428:C
2404:c
2399:C
2389:C
2369:C
2281:(
2276:)
2273:ণ
2270:(
2265:)
2262:ধ
2259:(
2254:)
2251:দ
2248:(
2243:)
2240:প
2237:(
2232:)
2226:(
2221:)
2218:ম
2215:(
2210:)
2207:গ
2204:(
2199:)
2193:(
2188:)
2182:(
2177:)
2174:ঋ
2171:(
2166:)
2160:(
2083:(
2078:)
2072:(
2067:)
2064:ध
2061:(
2056:)
2050:(
2045:)
2042:प
2039:(
2034:)
2028:(
2018:)
2015:म
2012:(
2007:)
2004:ग
2001:(
1996:)
1990:(
1985:)
1979:(
1974:)
1968:(
1963:)
1957:(
1936:(
1931:)
1925:(
1920:)
1914:(
1909:)
1903:(
1898:)
1892:(
1882:ロ
1876:)
1870:(
1865:)
1862:イ
1856:)
1850:(
1845:)
1842:ト
1836:)
1830:(
1825:)
1822:ヘ
1816:)
1813:ホ
1807:)
1801:(
1796:)
1793:ニ
1787:)
1781:(
1776:)
1773:ハ
1689:)
1676:)
1663:)
1650:)
1632:)
1616:)
1600:)
1581:)
1565:)
1531:)
1518:)
1505:)
1492:)
1474:)
1461:A
1458:)
1445:G
1442:)
1429:F
1426:E
1423:)
1410:D
1407:)
1394:C
1385:)
1373:)
1360:)
1347:)
1334:)
1318:H
1314:)
1301:A
1298:)
1285:G
1282:)
1269:F
1266:E
1263:)
1250:D
1247:)
1234:C
1225:B
1221:)
1208:)
1195:)
1182:)
1166:H
1162:)
1149:A
1146:)
1133:G
1130:)
1117:F
1114:E
1111:)
1098:D
1095:)
1082:C
1073:)
1061:)
1050:)
1039:)
1028:)
1009:B
1005:)
994:A
991:)
980:G
977:)
966:F
963:E
960:)
949:D
946:)
930:C
778:2
684:.
551:.
538:A
296:)
292:(
252:"
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
