4648:
1154:
1925:
1885:
33:
4800:
454:
1026:
532:
1770:
961:
894:
402:
1870:
1699:
1986:
720:
707:
733:
4874:
4821:
1210:
2736:
2335:
1905:
936:
870:
2003:
915:
4853:
2808:
2311:
4895:
285:
550:, the most important print publisher of northern Europe. Bruegel's return route is uncertain, but much of the debate over it was made irrelevant in the 1980s when it was realised that the celebrated series of large drawings of mountain landscapes thought to have been made on the trip were not by Bruegel at all. All the drawings from the trip that are considered authentic are of landscapes; unlike most other 16th-century artists visiting Rome he seems to have ignored both classical ruins and contemporary buildings.
1824:
from copies, prints and reproductions. Even Henri Hymans, whose work of 1890/1891 was the first important contribution to modern
Bruegel scholarship, could describe him thus: "His field of enquiry is certainly not of the most extensive; his ambition, too, is modest. He confines himself to a knowledge of mankind and the most immediate objects", a line no modern scholar is likely to take. As his landscape paintings, in good colour reproduction, have become his best-loved works, so his importance in the history of
1969:
615:
1945:
750:
terms of scale and composition, both of which were original and influential on later painting. His earlier style shows dozens of small figures, seen from a high viewpoint, and spread fairly evenly across the central picture space. The setting is typically an urban space surrounded by buildings, within which the figures have a "fundamentally disconnected manner of portrayal", with individuals or small groups engaged in their own distinct activity, while ignoring all the others.
582:, where he lived for the remainder of his short life. Antwerp was the capital of Netherlandish commerce and the art market; Brussels was the centre of government. Van Mander tells a story that his mother-in-law pushed for the move to distance him from his established servant girl mistress. By now painting had become his main activity, and his most famous works come from these years. His paintings were much sought after, with patrons including wealthy Flemish collectors and
2157:
677:, some of which wanted separation from the Habsburg rule based in Spain. The Reformation meanwhile produced a number of Protestant denominations that gained followers in the Seventeen Provinces, influenced by the newly Lutheran German states to the east and the newly Anglican England to the west. The Habsburg monarchs of Spain attempted a policy of strict religious uniformity for the Catholic Church within their domains and enforced it with the
1248:, sixty-one sheets of drawings are now generally agreed to be by Bruegel. A new "Master of the Mountain Landscapes" has emerged from the carnage. Mielke's key observation was that the lily watermark on the paper of several sheets was only found from around 1580 onwards, which led to the rapid acceptance of his proposal. Another group of about twenty-five pen drawings of landscapes, many signed and dated as by Bruegel, are now given to
2646:
1174:. At his "House of the Four Winds" Cock ran a production and distribution operation efficiently turning out prints of many sorts that was more concerned with sales than the finest artistic achievement. Most of Bruegel's prints come from this period, but he continued to produce drawn designs for prints until the end of his life, leaving only two completed out of a series of the
3013:, where his work is discussed in casual conversations between a security guard at the museum and a visitor from Montreal visiting a hospitalised relative, and taking time off between hospital visits to go to the museum. Some attention is given to tour guides making presentations about some of the Bruegel paintings.
450:) near Breda called "Brueghel", which does not fit any known place. Nothing at all is known of his family background. Van Mander seems to assume he came from a peasant background, in keeping with the over-emphasis on Bruegel's peasant genre scenes given by van Mander and many early art historians and critics.
1823:
The critical treatment of
Bruegel as essentially an artist of comic peasant scenes persisted until the late 19th century, even after his best paintings became widely visible as royal and aristocratic collections were turned into museums. This had been partly explicable when his work was mainly known
1283:
Pieter the Elder had two sons: Pieter
Brueghel the Younger and Jan Brueghel the Elder (both kept their name as Brueghel). Their grandmother, Mayken Verhulst, trained the sons because "the Elder" died when both were very small children. The older brother, Pieter Brueghel copied his father's style and
1182:. To his contemporaries and for long after, until public museums and good reproductions of the paintings made these better known, Bruegel was much better known through his prints than his paintings, which largely explains the critical assessment of him as merely the creator of comic peasant scenes.
1782:
Bruegel's son Pieter could still keep himself and a large studio team busy producing replicas or adaptations of
Bruegel's works, as well as his own compositions along similar lines, sixty years or more after they were first painted. The most frequently copied works were generally not the ones that
1132:
Bruegel's paintings were on a far larger scale than a typical calendar page painting, each one approximately three feet by five feet. For
Bruegel, this was a large commission (the price of a commission was based on how large the painting was) and an important one. In 1565, the Calvinist riots began
1016:
who was only a bystander for the supposed narrative subject, and may not even be aware of it. The date of
Bruegel's lost original is unclear, but it is probably relatively early, and if so, foreshadows the trend of his later works. During the 1560s the early scenes crowded with multitudes of very
325:
and later painting in general in his innovative choices of subject matter, as one of the first generation of artists to grow up when religious subjects had ceased to be the natural subject matter of painting. He also painted no portraits, the other mainstay of
Netherlandish art. After his training
1038:
His famous set of landscapes with genre figures depicting the seasons are the culmination of his landscape style; the five surviving paintings use the basic elements of the world landscape (only one lacks craggy mountains) but transform them into his own style. They are larger than most previous
749:
populated by peasants, often with a landscape element, though he also painted religious works. Making the life and manners of peasants the main focus of a work was rare in painting in
Bruegel's time, and he was a pioneer of the genre painting. Many of his peasant paintings fall into two groups in
605:
Van Mander records that before he died he told his wife to burn some drawings, perhaps designs for prints, carrying inscriptions "which were too sharp or sarcastic ... either out of remorse or for fear that she might come to harm or in some way be held responsible for them", which has led to much
1765:
entered the
Habsburg collections in 1594, given to Rudolf's brother and later taken by the emperor himself. Rudolf eventually owned at least ten Bruegel paintings. A generation later Rubens owned eleven or twelve, which mostly passed to the Antwerp senator Pieter Stevens, and were then sold in
1178:. The prints were popular and it is reasonable to assume that all those published have survived. In many cases we also have Bruegel's drawings. Although the subject matter of his graphic work was often continued in his paintings, there are considerable differences in emphases between the two
558:
From 1555 until 1563, Bruegel lived in
Antwerp, then the publishing centre of northern Europe, mainly working as a designer of over forty prints for Cock, though his dated paintings begin in 1557. With one exception, Bruegel did not work the plates himself, but produced a drawing which Cock's
1112:
states that Archduke Ernst, who took possession of the paintings after Niclaes defaulted on taxes, had as early as 1569 inventoried only six paintings in this series during the year of Bruegel's death. The collection is next inventoried to be in the possession of Archduke Leopold who in 1659
833:, which depicted a quote from the Bible: "If the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch" (Matthew 15:14). Using the Bible to interpret this painting, the six blind men are symbols of the blindness of mankind in pursuing earthly goals instead of focusing on Christ's teachings.
466:
In contrast, scholars of the last six decades have emphasised the intellectual content of his work, and conclude: "There is, in fact, every reason to think that Pieter Bruegel was a townsman and a highly educated one, on friendly terms with the humanists of his time", ignoring van Mander's
1243:
Although Bruegel presumably made them, no drawings that are clearly preparatory studies for paintings survive. Most surviving drawings are finished designs for prints, or landscape drawings that are fairly finished. After a considerable purge of attributions in recent decades, led by
753:
His earthy, unsentimental but vivid depiction of the rituals of village life—including agriculture, hunts, meals, festivals, dances, and games—are unique windows on a vanished folk culture, though still characteristic of Belgian life and culture today, and a prime source of
420:
Bruegel's birth date is not documented, but inferred from the fact that Bruegel entered the Antwerp painters' guild in 1551. This usually happened between the ages of twenty to twenty-five, giving a range for his birth between 1525 and 1530. His master, according to
688:
In this atmosphere Bruegel reached the height of his career as a painter. Two years before his death, the Eighty Years' War began between the United Provinces and Spain. Although Bruegel did not live to see it, seven provinces became independent and formed the
334:
for the leading publisher of the day. At the end of the 1550s, he made painting his main medium, and all his famous paintings come from the following period of little more than a decade before his early death in 1569, when he was probably in his early forties.
1815:
subjects, Vinckboons and other artists took from Bruegel "such stylistic devices as the bird's-eye perspective, ornamentalised vegetation, bright palette, and stocky, odious figures." Forty years after their deaths, and over a century after Bruegel's,
857:
In the 1560s, Bruegel moved to a style showing only a few large figures, typically in a landscape background without a distant view. His paintings dominated by their landscapes take a middle course as regards both the number and size of figures.
774:, many of which still are in use in current Flemish, French, English and Dutch. The Flemish environment provided a large artistic audience for proverb-filled paintings because proverbs were well known and recognisable as well as entertaining.
980:
style, which shows small figures in an imaginary panoramic landscape seen from an elevated viewpoint that includes mountains and lowlands, water, and buildings. Back in Antwerp from Italy he was commissioned in the 1550s by the publisher
3613:
Orenstein, vii gives the total; fifty-four were in the exhibition and are catalogued, and most others illustrated. These included all those from the largest collections, Berlin (10), London (8) and Vienna (6). Sellink in 2012 lists
627:
Bruegel was born at a time of extensive change in Western Europe. Humanist ideals from the previous century influenced artists and scholars. Italy was at the end of its High Renaissance of arts and culture, when artists such as
1133:
and it was only two years before the Eighty Years' War broke out. Bruegel may have felt safer with a secular commission so as to not offend Calvinist or Catholic. Some of the most famous paintings from this series included
1924:
1205:
who carved away the block, following the drawing while also destroying it, had only done one corner of the design before stopping work. The design then appears as an engraving, perhaps soon after Bruegel's death.
827:. Even if Bruegel's subject matter was unconventional, the religious ideals and proverbs driving his paintings were typical of the Northern Renaissance. He accurately depicted people with disabilities, such as in
1884:
869:
528:, whose will of 1578 lists paintings by Bruegel; in one case a joint work. These works, apparently landscapes, have not survived, but marginal miniatures in manuscripts by Clovio are attributed to Bruegel.
1869:
4760:
286:
893:
2866:
series resurfacing unrecognised, which triggers a conflict between an art (and money) lover and the boor who possesses it. Much thought is spent on Bruegel's secret motives for painting it.
567:
circles of the city, and his change of name (or at least its spelling) in 1559 can be seen as an attempt to Latinise it; at the same time he changed the script he signed in from the Gothic
3215:; Wied, 15–18 gives a full English translation. Guicciardini was an Italian who had lived in Antwerp since at least 1542, and probably knew Bruegel, which Van Mander, born in 1648 on the
1104:, commissioned him to paint a series of paintings of each month of the year. There has been dispute among art historians as to whether the series originally included six or twelve works.
1284:
compositions with competence and considerable commercial success. Jan was much more original, and very versatile. He was an important figure in the transition to the Baroque style in
1315:, son-in-law of Jan Brueghel the Elder, the family is also related to the whole Teniers family of painters and the Quellinus family of painters and sculptors, through the marriage of
475:, with a population of some 8,000, although 90% of its 1300 houses were destroyed in a fire in 1534. This reversal can be taken to excess; although Bruegel moved in highly educated
1170:
On his return from Italy to Antwerp, Bruegel earned his living producing drawings to be turned into prints for the leading print publisher of the city, and indeed northern Europe,
4753:
3316:
This is according to Van Mander; although there is no documentation and little evident stylistic influence from his future father-in-law, modern scholars generally accept this.
1746:
was a gentleman-sculptor and medallist, who also had significant business interests. He made medals and tombs in an international style for the Brussels elite, especially
1232:. The sinners are grotesque and unidentifiable while the allegories of virtue often wear odd headgear. That imitations of Bosch sold well is demonstrated by his drawing
3819:
1727:
and Van Mander see him as essentially a comic successor to Hieronymus Bosch. As well as being forward-looking, his art reinvigorates medieval subjects such as marginal
914:
4746:
1216:, 1565, a drawing made to be engraved. It was apparently never painted by Bruegel himself, but after his death came dozens of versions in paint by his son and others.
3143:
1735:, and the calendar scenes of agricultural labours set in landscape backgrounds, and puts these on a much larger scale than before, and in the expensive medium of
935:
836:
Using abundant spirit and comic power, Bruegel created some of the very early images of acute social protest in art history. Examples include paintings such as
4799:
3237:
Grove: "none of the three Flemish villages of that name is close to Breda".; Wied, 18, says two of the villages (Groot Bruegel and Cleyn Bruegel) are close to
1783:
are most famous today, though this may reflect the availability of the full-scale detailed drawings that were evidently used. The most-copied painting is the
3641:
Jean Bastiaensen, "De verloving van Pieter Bruegel de Oude. Nieuw licht op de Antwerpse verankering", Openbaar Kunstbezit Vlaanderen, 51 (2013), no. 1: 26–27.
2924:
inspired the title and also the plot to some extent. Various sections are introduced with a proverb depicted in the painting that alludes to a plot element.
1944:
1844:. Others are known to have been lost, including what, according to van Mander, Bruegel himself thought his best work, "a picture in which Truth triumphs".
2625:
4268:
3799:
Grove; Manfred Sellink in 2012 listed forty paintings, seventy drawings and seventy-five prints, the latter slightly higher numbers than other sources.
2837:
3374:
3228:"den welcken is geboren niet wijt van Breda, op een Dorp geheeten Brueghel, welcks naem hy met hem ghedraghen heeft, en zijn naecomelinghen ghelaten."
1904:
1789:(1565), of which the original is in Brussels; 127 copies are recorded. They include paintings after some of Bruegel's drawn print designs, especially
590:
chief minister, who was based in Mechelen. Bruegel had two sons, both well known as painters, and a daughter about whom nothing is known. These were
4647:
1153:
4439:
3468:
2426:
1113:
indicated that five of them were extant. Only five of these paintings are known to have survived into the 21st century. Traditional Flemish luxury
1220:
Among his greatest successes were a series of allegories, among several designs adopting many of the very individual mannerisms of his compatriot
4502:
3845:
1785:
1774:
4533:
4407:
2259:
1751:
1345:
998:
965:
3766:
4291:
3022:
2020:
1264:
Around 1563, Bruegel moved from Antwerp to Brussels, where he married Mayken Coecke, the daughter of the painter Pieter Coecke van Aelst and
1245:
1811:(1576 – c. 1632), both Flemish-born but spending much of their time in the northern Netherlands. As well as the general conception of such
1097:
which is on display at the Metropolitan in New York. The painting associated with the April-May seasonal transition is assumed to be lost.
4415:
4391:
2528:
1796:
The next century's artists of peasant genre scenes were heavily influenced by Brueghel. Outside the Brueghel family, early figures were
4873:
2052:
1757:, but we do not know if he bought them directly from the artist. Granvelle's nephew and heir was strong-armed out of his Bruegels by
1742:
Bruegel's work was, as far as we know, always keenly collected. The banker Nicolaes Jonghelinck owned sixteen paintings; his brother
32:
1017:
small figures, whether peasant genre figures or figures in religious narratives, give way to a small number of much larger figures.
453:
4820:
2787:
2068:, probably 1550s, Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels – Note: Now seen as a copy of a lost authentic Bruegel painting
531:
482:
Between 1545 and 1550 he was a pupil of Pieter Coecke, who died on 6 December 1550. Before this, Bruegel was already working in
681:. Increasing religious antagonisms and riots, political manoeuvrings, and executions eventually resulted in the outbreak of the
4985:
4359:
4261:
3032:
2144:
1891:
1025:
960:
520:
at the southern tip of the mainland, where a drawing records the city in flames after a Turkish raid. He probably continued to
299:
171:
1256:
were dated 1563 but included elements only built in the 1590s. This group appears to have been made as deliberate forgeries.
4925:
4070:
3938:
3823:
2452:
2358:
2149:
1956:
1896:
401:
1698:
1120:
670:
that religious art should be more focused on religious subject-matter and less on material things and decorative qualities.
500:, the wife of Pieter Coecke. Mayken's father and eight siblings were all artists or married artists, and lived in Mechelen.
338:
In the 20th and 21st centuries, Bruegel's works have inspired artists in both the literary arts and in cinema. His painting
3994:
2299:
1985:
1100:
The series on the months of the year includes several of Bruegel's best-known works. In 1565, a wealthy patron in Antwerp,
719:
2132:
1863:. As discussed above, about sixty-one drawings are now recognised as authentic, mostly designs for prints or landscapes.
1769:
1043:
with several figures in the foreground, and the panoramic view seen past or through trees. Bruegel was also aware of the
4980:
4960:
4955:
4510:
4431:
4313:
2989:
2482:
2287:
2086:
1973:
1703:
838:
798:
619:
384:
4305:
4056:
3109:
1338:
4235:
706:
598:(1568–1625); he died too early to train either of them. He died in Brussels on 9 September 1569 and was buried in the
4995:
4945:
4920:
4479:
4337:
4254:
2896:
2750:
2740:
2656:
2353:
2271:
2064:
1008:
340:
266:
223:
732:
4423:
4146:
2800:
2491:
1252:, probably from the decade of so before his death in 1603. A giveaway was that two drawings including the walls of
667:
4950:
4596:
4557:
2617:
2513:
1739:. He does the same with the fantastic and anarchic world developed in Renaissance prints and book illustrations.
1269:
900:
876:
606:
speculation that they were politically or doctrinally provocative, in a climate of sharp tension in these areas.
4894:
662:. The Catholic Church viewed Protestantism and its destructive iconoclasm of art as a threat to the Church. The
4970:
4852:
4297:
4158:
4141:
4127:
4106:
4092:
4062:
4049:
4032:
4018:
3975:
3746:
3726:
2578:
2441:
2037:
1209:
4203:
Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Fall of the Rebel Angels: Art, Knowledge and Politics on the Eve of the Dutch Revolt
2755:
479:
circles, it seems "he had not mastered Latin", and had others add the Latin captions in some of his drawings.
345:
4990:
4329:
2264:
2249:
2117:
1990:
1936:
1331:
776:
724:
583:
4549:
4399:
4115:
3027:
2939:
2735:
2474:
2304:
2244:
2236:
2161:
1129:, depictions set in landscapes of the agricultural tasks, weather, and social life typical for that month.
819:
542:
He left Italy by 1554, and had reached Antwerp by 1555, when the set of prints to his designs known as the
471:
and just placing his childhood in Breda itself. Breda was already a significant centre as the base of the
154:
4240:
4044:, 1st edn. 1982 (many later editions), Macmillan, London, page refs to 1984 Macmillan 1st edn. paperback.
4975:
4681:
4604:
4004:
2573:
1428:
829:
591:
458:
4965:
3212:
3083:
2881:
2690:
2679:
2495:
2431:
2408:
2344:
2226:
2057:
1916:
1308:
1198:
1003:
758:
evidence about both physical and social aspects of 16th-century life. For example, his famous painting
2334:
2075:
4864:
4663:
4620:
4612:
4455:
2558:
2543:
2533:
2503:
2467:
2402:
2339:
2280:
1541:
1312:
1289:
1141:
1093:
322:
38:
4738:
4110:
4693:
3521:
Gibson, Walter S. (1977) :) . Bruegel. The World of Art Library. Thames and Hudson pp 147–148.
3004:
2598:
2320:
2292:
2181:
2166:
2122:
2091:
2002:
1995:
1978:
1837:
1723:
described him in a friendship album in 1574 as "the most perfect painter of his century", but both
1671:
1533:
1304:
1292:
in a number of its genres. He was often a collaborator with other leading artists, including with
1285:
1070:
926:
905:
4940:
4790:
4525:
4494:
3120:
2976:
2891:
2791:
2548:
2447:
2371:
2137:
1951:
1135:
1059:
1030:
1012:(known from two copies) had a Patinir-style landscape, in which already the largest figure was a
782:
559:
specialists worked from. From 1559, he dropped the 'h' from his name and signed his paintings as
426:
374:
142:
3651:
3078:
4885:
4710:
4687:
4471:
4321:
2995:
2963:
2920:
2858:
2415:
2071:
1750:, who was also a keen patron of Bruegel. Granvelle owned at least two Bruegels, including the
1732:
1435:
1065:
843:
760:
711:
647:
595:
472:
364:
2807:
651:
4930:
4727:
4375:
4230:
3928:
2822:
2812:
2754:, now thought only to survive in copies, is the subject of the final lines of the 1938 poem "
2191:
1316:
1126:
942:
780:
shows the variety of amusements enjoyed by young people. His winter landscapes of 1565, like
433:
344:, now thought only to survive in copies, is the subject of the final lines of the 1938 poem "
3884:
2827:
4935:
4699:
4344:
3703:
3138:
2933:
2875:
2694:
2630:
2563:
2206:
2042:
2007:
1658:
1201:) of a drawing on the wooden block intended for printing. For some reason, the specialist
682:
564:
476:
160:
106:
1836:
There are about forty generally accepted surviving paintings, twelve of which are in the
8:
4565:
4367:
3377:
for another drawing of Roman ruins, perhaps the Colosseum, recently attributed to Bruegel
2957:
2585:
2175:
1778:(1565), Bruegel's most copied painting, smaller than many of his landscapes at 38 × 56 cm
1743:
1644:
1101:
792:
737:
674:
509:
358:
148:
3684:
Gombrich, 295; Clark, 41–43, 27, 33, 57, also covering Gothic aspects of Bruegel's style
3602:
4177:
3462:
2310:
1747:
1526:
1240:), which Bruegel signed but Cock shamelessly attributed to Bosch in the print version.
970:
642:
3166:
4573:
4541:
4154:
4137:
4123:
4102:
4099:
Peasant Scenes and Landscapes: The Rise of Pictorial Genres in the Antwerp Art Market
4088:
4066:
4045:
4028:
4014:
3990:
3971:
3934:
3839:
3742:
3722:
3714:
3060:
2886:
2850:: "the stumbling dark of the blind, that Breughel knew about – ditch circumscribed".
2713:
2593:
2462:
2196:
1931:
1293:
921:
817:
Bruegel also painted religious scenes in a wide Flemish landscape setting, as in the
633:
512:
of Antwerp. He set off for Italy soon after, probably by way of France. He visited
2367:, a cycle of probably six paintings of the months or seasons, of which five remain:
1202:
4717:
4628:
4000:
3985:
2952:
2915:
2637:
2487:
2395:
1808:
1720:
1712:
1651:
1221:
1084:
1048:
663:
422:
353:
331:
240:
234:
197:
102:
741:, 1566–69, oil on panel. A late peasant subject, with a more monumental treatment.
563:; his relatives continued to use "Brueghel" or "Breughel". He moved in the lively
4843:
4463:
3171:
2661:
2518:
2389:
2315:
2211:
2104:
2012:
1860:
1797:
1719:
Bruegel's art was long more highly valued by collectors than critics. His friend
1354:
1265:
1171:
1079:
982:
977:
881:
547:
517:
497:
409:
1968:
614:
4811:
4704:
4447:
3980:
3242:
2971:
2846:
2703:
2380:
2030:
1105:
1053:
1013:
787:
766:
746:
690:
636:
painted their masterpieces. In 1517, about eight years before Bruegel's birth,
487:
438:
369:
279:
2804:. Williams' final collection of poetry alludes to several of Bruegel's works.
4914:
4722:
4080:
3956:
3924:
3719:
Princes and Artists, Patronage and Ideology at Four Habsburg Courts 1517–1633
3592:
Orenstein catalogues the prints in chronological order, as far as it is known
3238:
3088:
2853:
2833:
2328:
1825:
1277:
1114:
1044:
693:, while the other ten remained under Habsburg control at the end of the war.
659:
637:
575:
525:
307:
50:
1820:(1626–79) continued to show a particular interest in Bruegelian treatments.
786:, are taken as corroborative evidence of the severity of winters during the
623:, 1564, Bruegel's second largest painting at 124 cm × 170 cm (49 in × 67 in)
318:); he was a pioneer in presenting both types of subject as large paintings.
4246:
3124:
3009:
3000:
2928:
2900:
2795:
1736:
1249:
655:
629:
486:, where he is documented between September 1550 and October 1551 assisting
4215:
3250:
2156:
1185:
The prints are mostly engravings, though from about 1559 onwards some are
4588:
4037:
2870:
2759:
2605:
1040:
755:
678:
599:
568:
349:
303:
129:
4003:. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press, accessed 2 February 2017,
2645:
3632:
Orenstein, 276–277, and following catalogue pages for individual works.
3623:
Orenstein, 266–267, and following catalogue pages for individual works.
2537:
1273:
806:, Bruegel painted individual, identifiable people, while the people in
1761:, the very acquisitive Austrian Habsburg Emperor. The series of the
4768:
4383:
3246:
3245:
still has supporters but is 34 miles from Breda, though just outside
3216:
2955:
refers to Bruegel's paintings in his films several times, notably in
2552:
2324:
2276:
2253:
2221:
2046:
1911:
1852:
1817:
1758:
1728:
1253:
1237:
1193:
was made from a Bruegel design, with another left incomplete. This,
986:
885:
492:
405:
315:
356:
refers to Bruegel's paintings in his films several times, including
4216:
Pieter-Bruegel-The-Elder.org: 99 works by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
3241:, which is "Breda" in Latin, perhaps causing Van Mander confusion.
2937:
in her poem "Two Views of a Cadaver Room" from her 1960 collection
2456:
811:
771:
587:
579:
483:
436:'s account of the Low Countries (1567) and Karel van Mander's 1604
125:
98:
3503:
Silver, 39–52; Snyder, 502–510; Harbison, 140–142; Schama, 431–433
2507:
2230:
1856:
1190:
1186:
884:, an illustration of the medieval mythical land of plenty called
327:
311:
112:
4220:
3427:. Library of Congress: Time-Life Library of Art. pp. 18–27.
3999:"Grove": Wied, Alexander and Van Miegroet, Hans J. "Bruegel."
3114:
2665:
2610:
2567:
2522:
2215:
2200:
2185:
2126:
2095:
1841:
1724:
1276:
was registered 25 July 1563. The marriage was concluded in the
1088:
1074:
947:
521:
446:, but van Mander specified that Bruegel was born in a village (
993:, to meet what was now a growing demand for landscape images.
524:, but by 1553 was back in Rome. There he met the miniaturist
516:
and, rather adventurously for the period, by 1552 had reached
298:– 9 September 1569) was among the most significant artists of
258:
215:
209:
4184:(The A. W. Mellon Lectures in the Fine Arts), 2016, Princeton
3859:
2767:
In Brueghel's Icarus, for instance: how everything turns away
2499:
2027:
Landscape with Christ and the Apostles at the Sea of Tiberias
443:
252:
74:
3373:
Snyder, 502; Orenstein, 96–97 for one agreed exception; see
2744:, probably an early copy of Bruegel's lost original, c. 1558
4236:
Academia.edu: The political consciousness of Pieter Bruegel
1006:, 1563), are fully within the Patinir conventions, but his
513:
2777:
Water, and the expensive delicate ship that must have seen
2775:
As it had to on the white legs disappearing into the green
2773:
But for him it was not an important failure; the sun shone
1878:(1557), Bruegel's earliest genre scene, private collection
3483:
Prints & People: A Social History of Printed Pictures
2683:, 1556; we have both Bruegel's design and prints after it
255:
212:
3404:
Van Mander, quoted in Wied, 16; Orenstein, 7; Hagens, 15
3364:
Orenstein, 266–267, and following catalogue pages; Grove
3144:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
650:
in neighbouring Germany. Reformation was accompanied by
496:. Bruegel possibly got this work via the connections of
4182:
Bosch and Bruegel: From Enemy Painting to Everyday Life
4087:, 1995, HarperCollins (2004 HarperPerennial edn used),
2641:, an unfinished work, probably Bruegel's last painting.
574:
In 1563, he married Pieter Coecke van Aelst's daughter
432:
The two main early sources for Bruegel's biography are
326:
and travels to Italy, he returned in 1555 to settle in
3817:
267:
224:
4196:
Bruegel: The Complete Paintings, Drawings and Prints
3741:, p. 7, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London 1981,
2993:
inspired the 2011 Polish-Swedish film co-production
2980:(2011). This was used as a reference to Tarkovsky's
1319:
to Cornelia, daughter of David Teniers the Younger.
249:
246:
206:
203:
1189:or mixtures of both techniques. Only one complete
490:on an altarpiece (now lost), painting the wings in
330:, where he worked mainly as a prolific designer of
243:
200:
4231:Pubhist.com: Gallery of all paintings and drawings
3455:Art History- Fourteenth to Seventeenth Century Art
969:, 1563, 37.1 × 55.6 cm (14.6 × 21.9 in), owned by
673:At this time, the Low Countries were divided into
442:. Guicciardini recorded that Bruegel was born in
3652:"Pieter Bruegel, the Elder | Flemish artist"
3452:
4912:
4225:Belgian Art Links and Tools (KIK-IRPA, Brussels)
3485:. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p. 426.
2779:Something amazing, a boy falling out of the sky,
2769:Quite leisurely from the disaster; the ploughman
790:. Bruegel often painted community events, as in
414:The Seven Deadly Sins or the Seven Vices – Anger
4503:Winter Landscape with Ice skaters and Bird trap
4151:Albrecht Altdorfer and the Origins of Landscape
1786:Winter Landscape with (Skaters and) a Bird Trap
1775:Winter Landscape with (Skaters and) a Bird Trap
1069:(October-November) which are on display in the
2781:Had somewhere to get to and sailed calmly on.
2178:(Battle Against The Philistines on the Gilboa)
4754:
4262:
4058:Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Drawings and Prints
3023:List of paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
2021:List of paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1339:
1125:; 1416) had calendar pages that included the
4276:
4243:– largest ever exhibition on Bruegel in 2018
4023:"Hagens": Hagen, Rose-Marie; Hagen, Rainer,
3467:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3453:Stokstad, Cothren, Marilyn, Michael (2010).
2725:
2398:at the Prague Castle Complex, Czech Republic
1118:
508:In 1551 Bruegel became a free master in the
4416:Adoration of the Magi in a Winter Landscape
4392:Adoration of the Magi in a Winter Landscape
3844:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3137:
2905:In the Garden of the North American Martyrs
996:Some of his earlier paintings, such as his
4761:
4747:
4269:
4255:
4101:, 2006, University of Pennsylvania Press,
3908:
2974:also uses Bruegel's paintings in his film
1346:
1332:
976:Bruegel adapted and made more natural the
770:, illustrates dozens of then-contemporary
372:also uses Bruegel's paintings in his film
31:
4054:
3564:. Library of Congress: Time-Life Library.
2327:family collection in Lobkowicz Palace in
1307:(grandson of Jan Brueghel the Elder) and
3968:Dutch Seventeenth-Century Genre Painting
3963:, 1949, page refs to Penguin edn of 1961
3767:Sotheby's: Catalogue note on a good copy
3555:
3553:
3448:
3446:
3436:
3434:
3351:
3349:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3261:
3259:
2840:". David Jones alludes to the painting
2830:'s 1957 poem, "Brueghel's Two Monkeys".
2806:
2786:It also was the subject of a 1960 poem "
2771:Have heard the splash, the forsaken cry,
2734:
2644:
2621:, 1568, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2589:, 1568, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2420:, 1565, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2385:, 1565, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2376:, 1565, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2333:
2309:
2240:, 1563, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
2155:
2001:
1984:
1967:
1768:
1697:
1208:
1152:
1024:
959:
731:
718:
705:
613:
609:
530:
452:
400:
3913:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 3.
3777:
3775:
3574:Orenstein, 236–238, and following pages
3213:van Mander's Bruegel biography in Dutch
2478:, 1567, Kunsthistorishes Museum, Vienna
1847:Bruegel only etched one plate himself,
1268:. As registered in the archives of the
553:
4913:
4440:Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery
3923:
3033:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting
2862:, imagines a lost panel from the 1565
2427:Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery
1148:
300:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting
4742:
4250:
3559:
3550:
3443:
3431:
3422:
3346:
3334:Grove; Orenstein, 204 for the drawing
3268:
3256:
2529:The Adoration of the Magi in the Snow
2453:Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
2359:Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
2150:Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
1957:Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
1897:Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
1851:but designed some forty prints, both
1677:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1643:
1641:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1569:
1567:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1483:
1481:
1445:
1443:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1407:
1405:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1020:
955:
538:, Bruegel's drawing for a print, 1556
408:designed by Bruegel and published by
278:
16:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painter
4534:The Sermon of Saint John the Baptist
4408:Landscape with the Flight into Egypt
3772:
2889:". It is believed that the painting
2260:Landscape with the Flight into Egypt
1693:
1303:Other members of the family include
999:Landscape with the Flight into Egypt
966:Landscape with the Flight into Egypt
4314:The Fight Between Carnival and Lent
4189:Hieronymus Bosch: Visions of Genius
4013:, 1995, Weidenfeld & Nicolson,
4011:The Art of the Northern Renaissance
3512:Wood, Chapter 5, especially 275–278
2721:, 1526–1569, The Phoebus Foundation
2719:Village views with trees and a mule
2652:, 1526–1569, The Phoebus Foundation
2650:Village views with trees and a mule
2087:The Fight Between Carnival and Lent
1974:The Fight Between Carnival and Lent
1917:Museum Mayer van den Bergh, Antwerp
1051:. The surviving five paintings are
839:The Fight Between Carnival and Lent
808:The Fight Between Carnival and Lent
799:The Fight Between Carnival and Lent
385:The Procession to Calvary (Bruegel)
13:
4306:Naval Battle in the Gulf of Naples
4221:Pieter Bruegel the Elder in BALaT
4164:
4055:Orenstein, Nadine M., ed. (2001).
3885:"Muzeul National Brukenthal Sibiu"
3721:, 116, 1976, Thames & Hudson,
3547:. Princeton Univ. Press. Page 345.
3534:. Princeton Univ. Press. Page 345.
2133:Naval Battle in the Gulf of Naples
1555:Hieronymous van Kessel the Younger
1197:, is a most unusual survival (now
1121:Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
842:(a satire of the conflicts of the
825:The Sermon of St. John the Baptist
14:
5007:
4338:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
4209:
4205:, 2014, Milan, Silvana Editoriale
3933:. Faber & Faber. p. 60.
3769:, sold London, Lot 10 9 July 2014
2918:explains that Bruegel's painting
2788:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
2751:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
2741:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
2354:Winter Landscape with a Bird Trap
2065:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
1963:
1083:(June-July) is on display in the
1009:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
985:to make drawings for a series of
810:are unidentifiable, muffin-faced
382:was released featuring Bruegel's
341:Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
4893:
4872:
4851:
4819:
4798:
4646:
4187:Jos Koldeweij; Matthijs Ilsink,
4153:, 1993, Reaktion Books, London,
3675:Snyder, 484; Orenstein, 9–11, 59
3219:, is most unlikely to have done.
3065:Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia
2999:, in which Bruegel is played by
2844:in his World War One prose-poem
2836:refers to Brueghel in his poem "
2730:
2492:Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
1943:
1923:
1903:
1883:
1868:
934:
913:
892:
868:
536:The Big Fish Eat the Little Fish
321:He was a formative influence on
239:
196:
95:9 September 1569 (aged 39 to 44)
4597:The Peasant and the Nest Robber
4025:Bruegel, The Complete Paintings
3917:
3902:
3877:
3852:
3822:. Vrtnieuws.net. Archived from
3811:
3802:
3793:
3784:
3760:
3751:
3731:
3708:
3696:
3687:
3678:
3669:
3644:
3635:
3626:
3617:
3607:
3595:
3586:
3577:
3568:
3537:
3524:
3515:
3506:
3497:
3488:
3475:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3367:
3358:
3337:
3328:
3319:
3310:
3301:
3292:
3231:
3222:
2984:, a movie with related themes.
2897:short story with the same title
2710:The Painter and the Connoisseur
2618:The Peasant and the Nest Robber
901:The Peasant and the Nest Robber
862:Late monumental peasant figures
852:Strongboxes Battling Piggybanks
39:The Painter and The Connoisseur
4480:The Wine of Saint Martin's Day
4063:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
3930:Opened Ground: Poems 1966–1996
3205:
3196:
3187:
3172:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
3159:
3131:
3102:
3071:
3053:
3044:
3003:. Bruegel's paintings in the
2657:The Wine of Saint Martin's Day
2579:Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte
2442:Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest)
745:Pieter Bruegel specialised in
1:
4986:16th-century Flemish painters
4633:
4578:
4515:
4484:
4349:
4241:Bruegel blockbuster in Vienna
3950:
3601:Orenstein, 241–242, 246–248;
3494:about 1558 has been suggested
3147:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
2931:refers to Bruegel's painting
2910:In the foreword to his novel
2798:'s 1976 science fiction film
2438:Preaching of John the Baptist
2265:Courtauld Institute Galleries
2250:Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen
2078:, Berlin. (Originally titled
1937:The Detroit Institute of Arts
1801:
1161:
396:
292:
172:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
65:
43:
4926:Flemish Renaissance painters
4360:The Fall of the Rebel Angels
3909:Szymborska, Wislawa (1995).
3028:Early Netherlandish painting
3007:are shown in the 2012 film,
2940:The Colossus and Other Poems
2305:The National Gallery, London
2145:The Fall of the Rebel Angels
1892:The Fall of the Rebel Angels
1296:on many works including the
7:
4682:Pieter Brueghel the Younger
4605:The Blind Leading the Blind
3989:, Phaidon, 13th edn. 1982.
3818:(Het journaal 1–11/11/09).
3739:The Princes Gate Collection
3016:
2842:The Blind Leading the Blind
2574:The Blind Leading the Blind
2245:The "Little" Tower of Babel
1955:(1566), oil on wood panel,
1429:Pieter Brueghel the Younger
1047:'s landscape style through
830:The Blind Leading the Blind
701:
696:
666:, which concluded in 1563,
592:Pieter Brueghel the Younger
459:The Blind Leading the Blind
10:
5012:
4981:People from Son en Breugel
4961:Flemish Mannerist painters
4956:Flemish landscape painters
3084:Collins English Dictionary
2946:
2606:The Beggars (The Cripples)
2496:Brukenthal National Museum
2432:Courtauld Institute of Art
2409:Metropolitan Museum of Art
2345:Metropolitan Museum of Art
2300:The Adoration of the Kings
2237:The "Large" Tower of Babel
2227:Museum Mayer van den Bergh
2058:Museum Mayer van den Bergh
2018:
1935:(1566), oil on oak panel,
1309:Jan van Kessel the Younger
1199:Metropolitan Museum of Art
943:The Beggars (The Cripples)
929:, Vienna, oil on oak panel
425:, was the Antwerp painter
378:(2011). In 2011, the film
4777:
4769:Labours of the months by
4674:
4664:The Painter and The Buyer
4655:
4644:
4613:The Magpie on the Gallows
4511:Massacre of the Innocents
4432:The Procession to Calvary
4284:
4122:, 1985, Harry N. Abrams,
3911:View With a Grain of Sand
2990:The Procession to Calvary
2801:The Man Who Fell to Earth
2726:References in other works
2680:Large Fish Eat Small Fish
2544:The Magpie on the Gallows
2534:Oskar Reinhart Collection
2483:Massacre of the Innocents
2468:Detroit Institute of Arts
2288:The Procession to Calvary
1704:Massacre of the Innocents
1635:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1609:
1607:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1552:
1542:David Teniers the Younger
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1313:David Teniers the Younger
1290:Dutch Golden Age painting
1259:
1119:
620:The Procession to Calvary
503:
323:Dutch Golden Age painting
167:
135:
121:
84:
57:
30:
23:
4996:Dutch landscape painters
4946:Dutch Mannerist painters
4921:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
4771:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
4694:Jan Brueghel the Younger
4278:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
4120:Northern Renaissance Art
4027:, 2001, Midpoint Press,
3481:Mayor, A. Hyatt (1971).
3375:this British Museum page
3038:
3005:Kunsthistorisches Museum
2873:uses Bruegel's painting
2599:Kunsthistorisches Museum
2321:National Museum (Prague)
2293:Kunsthistorisches Museum
2182:Kunsthistorisches Museum
2167:Kunsthistorisches Museum
2123:Kunsthistorisches Museum
2101:Portrait of an Old Woman
2092:Kunsthistorisches Museum
1996:Kunsthistorisches Museum
1979:Kunsthistorisches Museum
1876:A Pig Has to Go in a Sty
1838:Kunsthistorisches Museum
1831:
1715:; a much-copied painting
1672:Jan van Kessel the Elder
1534:Jan Brueghel the Younger
1374:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1305:Jan van Kessel the Elder
1286:Flemish Baroque painting
1234:Big Fish Eat Little Fish
1071:Kunsthistorisches Museum
1063:(December-January), and
927:Kunsthistorisches Museum
906:Kunsthistorisches Museum
352:. Russian film director
280:[ˈpitərˈbrøːɣəl]
25:Pieter Bruegel the Elder
4791:The Hunters in the Snow
4526:The Census at Bethlehem
4495:The Hunters in the Snow
3889:www.brukenthalmuseum.ro
3656:Encyclopædia Britannica
3560:Foote, Timothy (1968).
3423:Foote, Timothy (1968).
3265:Orenstein, 57–58; Grove
3121:Oxford University Press
2895:influenced the classic
2892:The Hunters in the Snow
2794:, and was mentioned in
2792:William Carlos Williams
2549:Hessisches Landesmuseum
2486:, c. 1567, versions at
2448:The Census at Bethlehem
2372:The Hunters in the Snow
2272:The Death of the Virgin
2165:(1563, large version),
2138:Galleria Doria-Pamphilj
1952:The Census at Bethlehem
1828:has become understood.
1733:illuminated manuscripts
1274:deposition for marriage
1139:(December–January) and
1136:The Hunters in the Snow
1060:The Hunters in the Snow
1031:The Hunters in the Snow
783:The Hunters in the Snow
715:, 1559, oil on oak wood
427:Pieter Coecke van Aelst
391:
143:The Hunters in the Snow
4951:Flemish genre painters
4886:The Return of the Herd
4711:The Mill and the Cross
4688:Jan Brueghel the Elder
4472:The Return of the Herd
4424:Adoration of the Kings
4322:Netherlandish Proverbs
4136:, 1980, Studio Vista,
4042:A World History of Art
3860:"Lobkowicz Fundraiser"
3543:Joseph Koerner. 2018.
3530:Joseph Koerner. 2018.
3217:other side of Flanders
2996:The Mill and the Cross
2951:Russian film director
2921:Netherlandish Proverbs
2912:The Folly of the World
2817:
2784:
2745:
2700:The Calumny of Apelles
2653:
2416:The Return of the Herd
2348:
2343:(1565), oil on panel,
2331:
2170:
2169:, Vienna, oil on panel
2072:Netherlandish Proverbs
2029:, 1553, probably with
2016:
1999:
1982:
1779:
1716:
1436:Jan Brueghel the Elder
1217:
1167:
1066:The Return of the Herd
1035:
973:
846:) and engravings like
844:Protestant Reformation
814:of greed or gluttony.
761:Netherlandish Proverbs
742:
729:
716:
712:Netherlandish Proverbs
648:Protestant Reformation
624:
596:Jan Brueghel the Elder
539:
473:House of Orange-Nassau
463:
417:
380:The Mill and the Cross
4971:Painters from Antwerp
4728:Bruegel (institution)
4558:The Land of Cockaigne
4005:subscription required
3413:Grove; Orenstein, 8–9
3343:Orenstein, 5–6; Grove
3117:UK English Dictionary
2885:and his short story "
2810:
2764:
2738:
2648:
2514:The Land of Cockaigne
2361:, Brussels, inv. 8724
2337:
2313:
2222:Dulle Griet (Mad Meg)
2159:
2005:
1988:
1971:
1861:Cock publishing house
1772:
1701:
1317:Jan-Erasmus Quellinus
1226:The Seven Deadly Sins
1212:
1156:
1127:Labours of the Months
1028:
963:
950:, Paris, oil on panel
877:The Land of Cockaigne
848:The Ass in the School
735:
722:
709:
617:
610:Historical background
534:
456:
434:Lodovico Guicciardini
404:
78:(now the Netherlands)
49:, possibly Bruegel's
4991:Dutch genre painters
4700:Breugel, Netherlands
4345:The Triumph of Death
4298:Parable of the Sower
4085:Landscape and Memory
3927:(22 December 2010).
3864:Lobkowicz Fundraiser
3562:The World of Bruegel
3425:The World of Bruegel
2934:The Triumph of Death
2876:The Triumph of Death
2816:, 1562, oil on panel
2756:Musée des Beaux Arts
2712:, drawing, c. 1565,
2695:Berlin State Museums
2668:(discovered in 2010)
2631:The Frick Collection
2564:Museo di Capodimonte
2207:The Triumph of Death
2043:Timken Museum of Art
2038:Parable of the Sower
2033:, private collection
2008:The Triumph of Death
1731:of ordinary life in
1711:1565–1567), British
1659:Jan Baptist Brueghel
1280:, Brussels in 1563.
1270:Cathedral of Antwerp
1145:(August-September).
802:. In paintings like
554:Antwerp and Brussels
346:Musée des Beaux Arts
161:The Triumph of Death
107:Habsburg Netherlands
4566:The Peasant Wedding
4368:The Suicide of Saul
3193:Orenstein, 5; Grove
2826:was the subject of
2820:Bruegel's painting
2673:Prints and drawings
2586:The Peasant Wedding
2176:The Suicide of Saul
1744:Jacques Jonghelinck
1645:Jan Pieter Brueghel
1149:Prints and drawings
1102:Niclaes Jonghelinck
1034:, 1565, oil on wood
804:The Peasant Wedding
793:The Peasant Wedding
738:The Peasant Wedding
675:Seventeen Provinces
658:, including in the
571:to Roman capitals.
510:Guild of Saint Luke
149:The Peasant Wedding
4976:Artists from Breda
4783:
4550:Conversion of Paul
4400:The Tower of Babel
4201:Meganck, Tine Luk
4194:Sellink, Manfred,
4178:Joseph Leo Koerner
4040:and John Fleming,
3961:Landscape into Art
3826:on 19 October 2007
3790:Franits, 35, 53–54
3715:Trevor-Roper, Hugh
3355:Orenstein, 140–142
2987:His 1564 painting
2828:Wisława Szymborska
2818:
2746:
2654:
2626:The Three Soldiers
2475:Conversion of Paul
2349:
2332:
2199:, Gemäldegalerie,
2171:
2162:The Tower of Babel
2017:
2000:
1983:
1780:
1748:Cardinal Granvelle
1717:
1550:Paschasia Brueghel
1527:Ambrosius Brueghel
1218:
1168:
1057:(February-March),
1036:
1021:Months of the year
974:
971:Cardinal Granvelle
956:Landscape elements
820:Conversion of Paul
743:
730:
717:
656:destruction of art
643:Ninety-five Theses
625:
584:Cardinal Granvelle
546:were published by
540:
464:
418:
314:scenes (so-called
155:The Tower of Babel
4966:Landscape artists
4908:
4907:
4903:
4902:
4736:
4735:
4574:The Peasant Dance
4542:The Wedding Dance
4292:List of paintings
4147:Wood, Christopher
4132:Wied, Alexander,
4109:, 9780812222111,
4072:978-0-87099-990-1
4009:Harbison, Craig.
3970:, Yale UP, 2004,
3940:978-0-571-26279-3
3702:Orenstein, 9–10;
3603:Metropolitan page
3545:Bosch and Bruegel
3532:Bosch and Bruegel
3175:. Merriam-Webster
3127:on 22 March 2020.
2887:Pafko at the Wall
2714:Albertina, Vienna
2702:, 1565, drawing,
2689:, 1556, drawing,
2594:The Peasant Dance
2463:The Wedding Dance
2197:Staatliche Museen
1932:The Wedding Dance
1859:, mostly for the
1754:Flight into Egypt
1694:Reception history
1691:
1690:
1683:
1682:
1298:Allegory of Sight
1294:Peter Paul Rubens
1110:Bosch and Bruegel
1108:in his 2018 book
1049:old master prints
922:The Peasant Dance
683:Eighty Years' War
634:Leonardo da Vinci
368:(1975). Director
177:
176:
116:
79:
5003:
4897:
4876:
4855:
4823:
4802:
4780:
4779:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4740:
4739:
4718:Bruegel (crater)
4650:
4638:
4635:
4629:The Storm at Sea
4583:
4580:
4520:
4517:
4489:
4486:
4354:
4351:
4330:Children's Games
4271:
4264:
4257:
4248:
4247:
4076:
4001:Grove Art Online
3986:The Story of Art
3966:Franits, Wayne,
3945:
3944:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3895:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3843:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3815:
3809:
3806:
3800:
3797:
3791:
3788:
3782:
3781:Orenstein, 67–84
3779:
3770:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3749:
3735:
3729:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3685:
3682:
3676:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3662:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3599:
3593:
3590:
3584:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3557:
3548:
3541:
3535:
3528:
3522:
3519:
3513:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3486:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3466:
3458:
3450:
3441:
3438:
3429:
3428:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3405:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3378:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3344:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3326:
3323:
3317:
3314:
3308:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3266:
3263:
3254:
3235:
3229:
3226:
3220:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3123:. Archived from
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3057:
3051:
3050:Orenstein, 63–64
3048:
2953:Andrei Tarkovsky
2916:Jesse Bullington
2903:and featured in
2838:The Seed Cutters
2638:The Storm at Sea
2488:Royal Collection
2396:Lobkowicz Palace
2118:Children's Games
1991:Children's Games
1947:
1927:
1907:
1887:
1872:
1849:The Rabbit Hunt,
1809:David Vinckboons
1806:
1803:
1721:Abraham Ortelius
1713:Royal Collection
1710:
1652:Abraham Brueghel
1540:Anna Brueghel x
1364:
1363:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1325:
1324:
1222:Hieronymus Bosch
1166:
1163:
1124:
1123:
1085:Lobkowicz Palace
991:Large Landscapes
938:
917:
896:
872:
777:Children's Games
725:Children's Games
664:Council of Trent
594:(1564–1638) and
586:, in effect the
544:Large Landscapes
423:Karel van Mander
354:Andrei Tarkovsky
306:, known for his
302:, a painter and
297:
296: 1525–1530
294:
290:
289:
288:
282:
277:
270:
265:
264:
261:
260:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
238:
227:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
202:
138:
110:
103:Duchy of Brabant
94:
92:
77:
70:
69: 1525–1530
67:
48:
45:
35:
21:
20:
5011:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4911:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4892:
4889:
4878:
4871:
4868:
4857:
4850:
4847:
4844:The Hay Harvest
4836:
4831:
4825:
4818:
4815:
4804:
4797:
4794:
4773:
4767:
4737:
4732:
4670:
4651:
4642:
4636:
4621:The Misanthrope
4581:
4518:
4487:
4464:The Hay Harvest
4352:
4280:
4275:
4212:
4170:Silver, Larry,
4167:
4165:Further reading
4097:Silver, Larry,
4073:
3953:
3948:
3941:
3922:
3918:
3907:
3903:
3893:
3891:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3868:
3866:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3837:
3836:
3829:
3827:
3820:"deredactie.be"
3816:
3812:
3807:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3785:
3780:
3773:
3765:
3761:
3756:
3752:
3737:Braham, Helen,
3736:
3732:
3713:
3709:
3701:
3697:
3693:Snyder, 484–485
3692:
3688:
3683:
3679:
3674:
3670:
3660:
3658:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3578:
3573:
3569:
3558:
3551:
3542:
3538:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3489:
3480:
3476:
3460:
3459:
3451:
3444:
3439:
3432:
3421:
3417:
3412:
3408:
3403:
3399:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3372:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3354:
3347:
3342:
3338:
3333:
3329:
3325:Orenstein, 5, 7
3324:
3320:
3315:
3311:
3306:
3302:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3269:
3264:
3257:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3223:
3210:
3206:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3150:
3148:
3136:
3132:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3093:
3091:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3019:
2949:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2733:
2728:
2662:Museo del Prado
2633:, New York City
2559:The Misanthrope
2519:Alte Pinakothek
2390:The Hay Harvest
2316:The Hay Harvest
2212:Museo del Prado
2105:Alte Pinakothek
2053:Twelve Proverbs
2023:
2013:Museo del Prado
1966:
1959:
1948:
1939:
1928:
1919:
1908:
1899:
1888:
1879:
1873:
1834:
1807:/6 – 1638) and
1804:
1798:Adriaen Brouwer
1708:
1696:
1358:
1355:Brueghel family
1352:
1322:
1266:Mayken Verhulst
1262:
1172:Hieronymus Cock
1164:
1151:
1080:The Hay Harvest
1023:
983:Hieronymus Cock
978:world landscape
958:
951:
939:
930:
918:
909:
897:
888:
882:Alte Pinakothek
873:
747:genre paintings
704:
699:
654:and widespread
612:
556:
548:Hieronymus Cock
518:Reggio Calabria
506:
498:Mayken Verhulst
410:Hieronymus Cock
399:
394:
295:
284:
283:
275:
268:
242:
233:
232:
225:
199:
195:
136:
117:
109:
96:
90:
88:
80:
71:
68:
64:
63:
53:
46:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5009:
4999:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4941:Bruegel family
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4900:
4881:
4879:
4865:The Harvesters
4860:
4858:
4839:
4837:
4828:
4826:
4812:The Gloomy Day
4807:
4805:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4766:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4743:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4707:
4705:Son en Breugel
4702:
4697:
4691:
4685:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4625:
4617:
4609:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4570:
4562:
4554:
4546:
4538:
4530:
4522:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4476:
4468:
4460:
4456:The Harvesters
4452:
4448:The Gloomy Day
4444:
4436:
4428:
4420:
4419:(1563 or 1567)
4412:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4380:
4372:
4364:
4356:
4341:
4334:
4326:
4318:
4310:
4302:
4294:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4281:
4274:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4251:
4245:
4244:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4218:
4211:
4210:External links
4208:
4207:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4175:
4172:Pieter Bruegel
4166:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4144:
4130:
4113:
4095:
4078:
4071:
4052:
4035:
4021:
4007:
3997:
3981:Gombrich, E.H.
3978:
3964:
3957:Clark, Kenneth
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3939:
3925:Heaney, Seamus
3916:
3901:
3876:
3851:
3810:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3771:
3759:
3757:Wied, 144, 186
3750:
3730:
3707:
3695:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3643:
3634:
3625:
3616:
3606:
3594:
3585:
3576:
3567:
3549:
3536:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3487:
3474:
3442:
3430:
3415:
3406:
3397:
3388:
3379:
3366:
3357:
3345:
3336:
3327:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3291:
3267:
3255:
3243:Son en Breugel
3230:
3221:
3204:
3195:
3186:
3158:
3130:
3101:
3070:
3052:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3018:
3015:
2972:Lars von Trier
2948:
2945:
2847:In Parenthesis
2765:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2707:
2704:British Museum
2697:
2684:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2642:
2634:
2622:
2614:
2602:
2590:
2582:
2570:
2555:
2540:
2525:
2510:
2479:
2471:
2459:
2444:
2435:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2412:
2403:The Harvesters
2399:
2386:
2381:The Gloomy Day
2377:
2362:
2340:The Harvesters
2308:
2307:
2296:
2284:
2268:
2256:
2241:
2233:
2218:
2203:
2188:
2154:
2153:
2141:
2129:
2114:
2108:
2098:
2083:
2080:The Blue Cloak
2076:Gemäldegalerie
2069:
2061:
2049:
2034:
2031:Maarten de Vos
1965:
1964:Selected works
1962:
1961:
1960:
1949:
1942:
1940:
1929:
1922:
1920:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1889:
1882:
1880:
1874:
1867:
1833:
1830:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1656:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1538:
1536:
1531:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1328:
1261:
1258:
1195:The Dirty Wife
1150:
1147:
1142:The Harvesters
1115:books of hours
1106:Joseph Koerner
1094:The Harvesters
1054:The Gloomy Day
1039:works, with a
1022:
1019:
957:
954:
953:
952:
940:
933:
931:
919:
912:
910:
898:
891:
889:
874:
867:
864:
863:
788:Little Ice Age
767:The Blue Cloak
703:
700:
698:
695:
691:Dutch Republic
646:and began the
611:
608:
555:
552:
505:
502:
488:Peeter Baltens
439:Schilder-boeck
398:
395:
393:
390:
370:Lars von Trier
316:genre painting
180:Pieter Bruegel
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
139:
133:
132:
123:
122:Known for
119:
118:
97:
86:
82:
81:
72:
62:Pieter Bruegel
61:
59:
55:
54:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5008:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4898:
4896:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4772:
4764:
4759:
4757:
4752:
4750:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4723:9664 Brueghel
4721:
4719:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4649:
4631:
4630:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4576:
4575:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4513:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4267:
4265:
4260:
4258:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4116:Snyder, James
4114:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4074:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4059:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3995:0 7148 1841 0
3992:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3942:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3920:
3912:
3905:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3865:
3861:
3855:
3847:
3841:
3825:
3821:
3814:
3805:
3796:
3787:
3778:
3776:
3768:
3763:
3754:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3690:
3681:
3672:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3638:
3629:
3620:
3610:
3604:
3598:
3589:
3580:
3571:
3563:
3556:
3554:
3546:
3540:
3533:
3527:
3518:
3509:
3500:
3491:
3484:
3478:
3470:
3464:
3456:
3449:
3447:
3437:
3435:
3426:
3419:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3376:
3370:
3361:
3352:
3350:
3340:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3307:Orenstein, 64
3304:
3295:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3262:
3260:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3239:Bree, Belgium
3234:
3225:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3199:
3190:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3162:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3134:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3090:
3089:HarperCollins
3086:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3047:
3043:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2991:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2913:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2879:in his novel
2878:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2854:Michael Frayn
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2834:Seamus Heaney
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2782:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2748:His painting
2743:
2742:
2737:
2731:In literature
2720:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2687:Ass at School
2685:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2330:
2329:Prague Castle
2326:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1926:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1829:
1827:
1826:landscape art
1821:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1687:
1686:
1680:
1673:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1629:
1627:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1591:
1583:
1581:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1543:
1535:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1509:
1507:
1499:
1497:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1477:
1459:
1457:
1449:
1447:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1382:
1375:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1349:
1344:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1279:
1278:Chapel Church
1275:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1159:
1155:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1045:Danube School
1042:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1001:
1000:
994:
992:
988:
984:
979:
972:
968:
967:
962:
949:
945:
944:
937:
932:
928:
924:
923:
916:
911:
907:
903:
902:
895:
890:
887:
883:
879:
878:
871:
866:
865:
861:
860:
859:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
840:
834:
832:
831:
826:
822:
821:
815:
813:
809:
805:
801:
800:
795:
794:
789:
785:
784:
779:
778:
773:
769:
768:
764:, originally
763:
762:
757:
751:
748:
740:
739:
734:
727:
726:
721:
714:
713:
708:
694:
692:
686:
684:
680:
676:
671:
669:
665:
661:
660:Low Countries
657:
653:
649:
645:
644:
639:
638:Martin Luther
635:
631:
622:
621:
616:
607:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
576:Mayken Coecke
572:
570:
566:
562:
551:
549:
545:
537:
533:
529:
527:
526:Giulio Clovio
523:
519:
515:
511:
501:
499:
495:
494:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
470:
461:
460:
455:
451:
449:
445:
441:
440:
435:
430:
428:
424:
415:
411:
407:
403:
389:
387:
386:
381:
377:
376:
371:
367:
366:
361:
360:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:
336:
333:
329:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
287:
281:
273:
272:
263:
236:
230:
229:
220:
193:
189:
185:
181:
173:
170:
166:
163:
162:
157:
156:
151:
150:
145:
144:
140:
134:
131:
127:
124:
120:
114:
108:
104:
100:
87:
83:
76:
60:
56:
52:
51:self-portrait
41:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
4931:1520s births
4884:
4883:
4882:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4832:
4829:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4789:
4788:
4787:
4770:
4709:
4662:
4627:
4619:
4611:
4603:
4595:
4587:
4572:
4564:
4556:
4548:
4540:
4532:
4524:
4509:
4501:
4493:
4478:
4470:
4462:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4430:
4422:
4414:
4406:
4398:
4390:
4382:
4374:
4366:
4358:
4343:
4336:
4328:
4320:
4312:
4304:
4296:
4277:
4224:
4202:
4195:
4191:, 2016, Yale
4188:
4181:
4171:
4150:
4133:
4119:
4111:Google Books
4098:
4084:
4081:Simon Schama
4077:fully online
4057:
4041:
4024:
4010:
3984:
3967:
3960:
3929:
3919:
3910:
3904:
3892:. Retrieved
3888:
3879:
3867:. Retrieved
3863:
3854:
3828:. Retrieved
3824:the original
3813:
3804:
3795:
3786:
3762:
3753:
3738:
3733:
3718:
3710:
3698:
3689:
3680:
3671:
3659:. Retrieved
3655:
3646:
3637:
3628:
3619:
3609:
3597:
3588:
3579:
3570:
3561:
3544:
3539:
3531:
3526:
3517:
3508:
3499:
3490:
3482:
3477:
3454:
3440:Franits, 203
3424:
3418:
3409:
3400:
3391:
3386:Orenstein, 7
3382:
3369:
3360:
3339:
3330:
3321:
3312:
3303:
3294:
3233:
3224:
3207:
3202:Orenstein, 5
3198:
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3170:
3161:
3149:. Retrieved
3142:
3133:
3125:the original
3113:
3104:
3092:. Retrieved
3082:
3073:
3064:
3055:
3046:
3010:Museum Hours
3008:
3001:Rutger Hauer
2994:
2988:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2938:
2932:
2929:Sylvia Plath
2926:
2919:
2911:
2909:
2904:
2901:Tobias Wolff
2890:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2852:
2845:
2841:
2832:
2821:
2819:
2811:
2799:
2796:Nicolas Roeg
2785:
2766:
2749:
2747:
2739:
2718:
2709:
2699:
2686:
2678:
2655:
2649:
2636:
2624:
2616:
2604:
2592:
2584:
2572:
2557:
2542:
2527:
2512:
2481:
2473:
2461:
2446:
2437:
2425:
2414:
2405:(Aug.-Sept.)
2401:
2388:
2379:
2370:
2364:
2352:
2338:
2314:
2298:
2286:
2270:
2258:
2243:
2235:
2220:
2205:
2190:
2174:
2160:
2143:
2131:
2116:
2110:
2100:
2085:
2079:
2063:
2051:
2036:
2026:
2006:
1989:
1972:
1950:
1930:
1910:
1890:
1875:
1848:
1846:
1835:
1822:
1812:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1773:
1762:
1753:
1741:
1737:oil painting
1718:
1702:
1373:
1321:
1302:
1297:
1282:
1263:
1250:Jacob Savery
1242:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1203:block-cutter
1194:
1184:
1179:
1176:Four Seasons
1175:
1169:
1157:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1109:
1099:
1092:
1078:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1037:
1029:
1014:genre figure
1007:
997:
995:
990:
975:
964:
941:
920:
899:
875:
856:
851:
847:
837:
835:
828:
824:
818:
816:
807:
803:
797:
791:
781:
775:
765:
759:
756:iconographic
752:
744:
736:
723:
710:
687:
672:
641:
640:created his
630:Michelangelo
626:
618:
604:
573:
560:
557:
543:
541:
535:
507:
491:
481:
468:
465:
457:
447:
437:
431:
419:
413:
383:
379:
373:
363:
357:
339:
337:
320:
191:
187:
183:
179:
178:
159:
153:
147:
141:
137:Notable work
111:(modern-day
37:
18:
4936:1569 deaths
4890:(Oct.–Nov.)
4869:(Aug.–Sep.)
4848:(Jun.–Jul.)
4816:(Feb.–Mar.)
4795:(Dec.–Jan.)
4714:(2011 film)
4637: 1569
4589:The Beggars
4582: 1567
4519: 1565
4488: 1565
4376:Two Monkeys
4353: 1562
4309:(1558–1562)
4038:Hugh Honour
3830:12 November
3298:Wied, 19–20
2977:Melancholia
2961:(1972) and
2899:written by
2871:Don Delillo
2823:Two Monkeys
2813:Two Monkeys
2760:W. H. Auden
2504:Upton House
2466:, c. 1566,
2418:(Oct.–Nov.)
2392:(June–July)
2383:(Feb.–Mar.)
2374:(Dec.–Jan.)
2281:Upton House
2248:, c. 1563,
2225:, c. 1563,
2210:, c. 1562,
2192:Two Monkeys
2011:(c. 1562),
1912:Dulle Griet
1805: 1605
1246:Hans Mielke
1230:The Virtues
1165: 1568
1117:(e.g., the
1041:genre scene
679:Inquisition
600:Kapellekerk
569:blackletter
375:Melancholia
362:(1972) and
350:W. H. Auden
130:printmaking
47: 1565
4915:Categories
4833:(Apr.–May)
4696:(grandson)
4159:0948462469
4142:0289709741
4128:0136235964
4107:0812222113
4093:0006863485
4050:0333371852
4033:3822815314
4019:0297835122
3976:0300102372
3951:References
3747:0904563049
3727:0500232326
3395:Wied, 9–10
3167:"Brueghel"
3139:"Brueghel"
3079:"Brueghel"
2964:The Mirror
2882:Underworld
2691:Print room
2538:Winterthur
2411:, New York
2365:The Months
2347:, New York
2152:, Brussels
2111:Temperance
2019:See also:
1853:engravings
1752:Courtauld
1729:drolleries
1311:. Through
1158:Beekeepers
987:engravings
812:allegories
668:determined
652:iconoclasm
397:Early life
365:The Mirror
308:landscapes
304:printmaker
91:1569-09-09
4830:Missing
4384:Dull Gret
4285:Paintings
3894:20 August
3869:20 August
3661:20 August
3463:cite book
3247:Eindhoven
3179:10 August
3151:10 August
3110:"Bruegel"
3094:10 August
3061:"Bruegel"
2970:Director
2914:, author
2856:'s novel
2562:, 1568,
2553:Darmstadt
2502:, and at
2470:, Detroit
2325:Lobkowicz
2283:, Banbury
2277:grisaille
2275:, 1564, (
2254:Rotterdam
2060:, Antwerp
2047:San Diego
1818:Jan Steen
1759:Rudolf II
1254:Amsterdam
1238:Albertina
1004:Courtauld
886:Cockaigne
772:aphorisms
493:grisaille
406:Engraving
192:the Elder
73:probably
4656:Drawings
3840:cite web
3808:Wied, 17
3583:Wied, 36
3017:See also
2967:(1975).
2859:Headlong
2706:, London
2629:, 1568,
2609:, 1568,
2601:, Vienna
2597:, 1568,
2581:, Naples
2577:, 1568,
2547:, 1568,
2532:, 1567,
2517:, 1567,
2457:Brussels
2451:, 1566,
2440:, 1566,
2434:, London
2430:(1565),
2407:, 1565,
2394:, 1565,
2357:, 1565,
2319:(1565),
2303:, 1564,
2295:, Vienna
2291:, 1564,
2267:, London
2263:, 1563,
2195:, 1562,
2180:, 1562,
2136:, 1560,
2121:, 1560,
2107:, Munich
2103:, 1560,
2090:, 1559,
2074:, 1559,
2056:, 1558,
2041:, 1557,
2015:, Madrid
1998:, Vienna
1994:(1560),
1981:, Vienna
1915:(1563),
1895:(1562),
1857:etchings
1272:, their
1187:etchings
946:(1568),
925:(1568),
908:, Vienna
904:(1568),
880:(1567),
702:Peasants
697:Subjects
588:Habsburg
580:Brussels
565:humanist
484:Mechelen
477:humanist
188:Breughel
184:Brueghel
168:Movement
126:Painting
99:Brussels
4675:Related
4134:Bruegel
3211:Grove;
2982:Solaris
2958:Solaris
2947:In film
2869:Author
2613:, Paris
2508:Banbury
2231:Antwerp
1977:(1559)
1191:woodcut
1180:oeuvres
561:Bruegel
359:Solaris
328:Antwerp
312:peasant
113:Belgium
4667:(1565)
4624:(1568)
4616:(1568)
4608:(1568)
4600:(1568)
4592:(1568)
4569:(1567)
4561:(1567)
4553:(1567)
4545:(1566)
4537:(1566)
4529:(1566)
4521:–1567)
4506:(1565)
4498:(1565)
4490:–1568)
4475:(1565)
4467:(1565)
4459:(1565)
4451:(1565)
4443:(1565)
4435:(1564)
4427:(1564)
4411:(1563)
4403:(1563)
4395:(1563)
4387:(1563)
4379:(1562)
4371:(1562)
4363:(1562)
4333:(1560)
4325:(1559)
4317:(1559)
4301:(1557)
4198:, 2007
4174:, 2011
4157:
4140:
4126:
4105:
4091:
4069:
4048:
4031:
4017:
3993:
3974:
3937:
3745:
3725:
3249:– see
3115:Lexico
2864:Months
2666:Madrid
2611:Louvre
2568:Naples
2523:Munich
2216:Madrid
2201:Berlin
2186:Vienna
2148:1562,
2140:, Rome
2127:Vienna
2113:, 1560
2096:Vienna
1842:Vienna
1813:kermis
1791:Spring
1766:1668.
1763:Months
1725:Vasari
1709:
1260:Family
1214:Spring
1091:; and
1089:Prague
1075:Vienna
989:, the
948:Louvre
728:, 1560
522:Sicily
504:Travel
462:, 1568
416:, 1558
332:prints
276:Dutch:
182:(also
4690:(son)
4684:(son)
3704:p. 30
3289:Grove
3039:Notes
2927:Poet
2790:" by
2758:" by
2500:Sibiu
2494:, at
1832:Works
1707:, (c.
1236:(now
444:Breda
348:" by
237:also
75:Breda
4155:ISBN
4138:ISBN
4124:ISBN
4103:ISBN
4089:ISBN
4067:ISBN
4046:ISBN
4029:ISBN
4015:ISBN
3991:ISBN
3972:ISBN
3935:ISBN
3896:2020
3871:2020
3846:link
3832:2009
3743:ISBN
3723:ISBN
3663:2020
3469:link
3181:2019
3153:2019
3096:2019
1855:and
1357:tree
1288:and
1228:and
850:and
823:and
796:and
632:and
514:Rome
469:dorp
448:dorp
392:Life
310:and
271:-gəl
269:BROO
228:-gəl
226:BROY
85:Died
58:Born
3614:70.
3251:RKD
2279:),
1840:in
1087:in
1073:in
578:in
412:,
186:or
4917::
4634:c.
4579:c.
4516:c.
4485:c.
4350:c.
4223:—
4180:,
4149:,
4118:.
4083:,
4065:.
4061:.
3983:,
3959:,
3887:.
3862:.
3842:}}
3838:{{
3774:^
3717:;
3654:.
3552:^
3465:}}
3461:{{
3445:^
3433:^
3348:^
3270:^
3258:^
3169:.
3141:.
3119:.
3112:.
3087:.
3081:.
3063:.
2943:.
2907:.
2762::
2693:,
2664:,
2660:,
2566:,
2551:,
2536:,
2521:,
2506:,
2498:,
2490:,
2455:,
2323:,
2252:,
2229:,
2214:,
2184:,
2125:,
2094:,
2082:.)
2045:,
1802:c.
1793:.
1300:.
1224::
1162:c.
1160:,
1077:;
854:.
685:.
602:.
429:.
388:.
293:c.
291:;
274:;
259:əl
253:uː
235:US
231:,
216:əl
210:ɔɪ
190:)
158:,
152:,
146:,
128:,
105:,
101:,
66:c.
44:c.
42:,
4762:e
4755:t
4748:v
4639:)
4632:(
4584:)
4577:(
4514:(
4483:(
4355:)
4348:(
4270:e
4263:t
4256:v
4227:.
4075:.
3943:.
3898:.
3873:.
3848:)
3834:.
3665:.
3471:)
3457:.
3253:.
3183:.
3155:.
3098:.
3067:.
1800:(
1347:e
1340:t
1333:v
1002:(
262:/
256:ɡ
250:r
247:b
244:ˈ
241:/
219:/
213:ɡ
207:r
204:b
201:ˈ
198:/
194:(
115:)
93:)
89:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
