233:
798:
66:
784:
383:). However, the sengi was worth very little and the only sengi denominated coin was the 10 sengi coin issued in 1967. Unusually for any currency, it was common practice to write cash amounts with three zeros after the decimal place, even after rampant money printing and the ensuing inflation had greatly devalued the currency. Inflation eventually caused denominations of banknotes up to 5,000,000 zaires to be issued, after which the
498:
510:
486:
533:
started issuing notes for 1, 5 and 10 zaires, followed by 50 makuta notes in 1973. 50 zaïre notes were introduced in 1980, followed by 100 zaires in 1983, 500 zaires in 1984, 1000 zaires in 1985, 5000 zaires in 1988, 10,000 zaires in 1989, 2000, 20,000 and 50,000 zaires in 1991 and, finally, 100,000,
478:
In 1967, coins were introduced by the
National Bank of Congo in denominations of 10 sengi, 1 likuta and 5 makuta, with the lower two denominations in aluminium and the highest in cupro-nickel. In 1973, the first coins issued by the Bank of Zaire were issued, cupro-nickel 5, 10 and 20 makuta. In 1987,
661:
In 1993, notes were issued by the Bank of Zaire in denominations of 1, 5, 10 and 50 new makuta, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 new zaires. These were followed, in 1994, by notes for 200 and 500 new zaires. In 1995, 1000, 5000 and 10,000 new zaire notes were introduced, whilst in 1996, notes for 20,000,
537:
The 5,000,000 zaire note, which entered circulation in late 1992, was not accepted as legal tender for several weeks in some parts of the country (notably in the north-east), and in other parts of the country it was accepted for only part of its value. One reason for this mistrust was a
431:
On 9 September 1983, the zaire was devalued to approximately 28 zaires per SDR (Z1 = 0.035425 SDRs). Afterwards, the currency was floated. The currency continued to lose value, with the exchange rates for one U.S. dollar shown below at certain time periods:
568:), symbol "NZ", ISO 4217 code ZRN, replaced the first zaire in 1993 at an exchange rate of 1 new zaire = 3,000,000 old zaires. It was subdivided into 100 new makuta (symbol: "NK"). This currency was only issued in banknote form and suffered from
1070:
1040:
395:
The zaire was introduced on 23 June 1967, at a rate of one zaire = 1000 Congolese francs = 100 Belgian francs. This gives an implicit exchange rate of US$ 2 per zaire.
662:
50,000, 100,000, 500,000 and 1,000,000 new zaires were added. All of the new zaire notes feature a portrait of Mobutu Sésé Seko in uniform with cap.
529:
introduced notes for 10, 20 and 50 makuta, 1 and 5 zaires (also shown as 100 and 500 makuta). In 1971, 10 zaire notes were introduced. In 1972, the
1065:
911:
294:
1060:
1035:
842:
697:
1050:
684:
337:
852:
722:
992:
650:
242:
820:
830:
1055:
399:
Between 1971 and 1976, the zaire was pegged to the U.S. dollar with an exchange rate of Z0.50 to US$ 1.
526:
421:
24 August 1979: Devalued to 0.375 SDRs (−25%). There was a currency confiscation on 26 December 1979.
752:
114:
206:
1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 1,000,000
403:
869:
645:
again on 1 July 1998, at an exchange rate of 1 franc = 100,000 new zaires shortly after the
8:
874:
738:
679:
301:
from 1967 until 1997. All but six of the 79 series of banknotes issued bear the image of
575:
Below is a series of reported exchange rates by the U.S. Treasury (new zaires per USD):
803:
848:
826:
718:
693:
497:
479:
a new coinage was introduced, consisting of brass 1, 5 and with a 10 zaires in 1988.
847:. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (7th ed.). Krause Publications.
302:
65:
1003:
889:
642:
631:
561:
509:
359:
350:
282:
52:
36:
485:
363:
at an exchange rate of 1 zaire = 1000 francs. The zaire was subdivided into 100
270:
This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete.
1045:
569:
539:
542:
in the French number on the note, which read "cinq millions zaïres" [
1029:
689:
530:
372:
262:
754:
International
Financial Statistics, November 2007: World & Country Notes
789:
256:
329:
357:), symbol: "Z", or sometimes "Ƶ", was introduced in 1967, replacing the
290:
76:
817:
402:
12 March 1976 to 31 October 1978: Zaire pegged at parity with the
380:
767:
982:
921:
646:
298:
238:
1071:
1967 establishments in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo
544:
371:, symbol: "K", initially and coincidentally equal to one
715:
779:
678:
534:200,000, 500,000, 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 in 1992.
409:
1 November 1978: Zaire devalued to 0.95 SDRs (−5%).
1041:Currencies of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
469:December 1993: 110,000,000 zaires (37 new zaires)
424:22 February 1980: Devalued to 0.2625 SDRs (−30%).
1027:
415:27 November 1978: Devalued to 0.7614 SDRs (−6%).
412:6 November 1978: Devalued to 0.81 SDRs (−14.7%).
328:"Long live the three Zs! Zaire our money, Zaire
418:1 January 1979: Devalued to 0.5 SDRs (−34.3%).
818:Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1991).
466:October 1993: 8,000,000 zaires (3 new zaires)
427:19 June 1981: Devalued to 0.1575 SDRs (−40%).
379:(symbol: "s", initially equal to one Belgian
839:
44:
28:
772:. San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.
384:
293:ZRZ, ZRN) was the unit of currency of the
765:
555:
712:
1028:
825:(18th ed.). Krause Publications.
999:
989:
979:
958:
928:
926:27 October 1971 – October 1993
918:
908:
885:
843:Standard Catalog of World Paper Money
321:
717:. Paris: L'Harmattan. p. 172.
685:Congo: The Epic History of a People
305:. Two distinct currencies existed:
13:
976:1 new zaire = 3,000,000 old zaires
946:1 new zaire = 3,000,000 old zaires
672:
641:The new zaire was replaced by the
338:Popular Movement of the Revolution
16:Currency used from 1967 until 1997
14:
1082:
987:October 1993 – 16 May 1997
863:
766:Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Zaire".
637:December 1998: 240,000 (2.40 CDF)
997:16 May 1997 – 1 July 1998
993:Democratic Republic of the Congo
912:Democratic Republic of the Congo
796:
782:
651:Democratic Republic of the Congo
548:] instead of "cinq millions
508:
496:
484:
295:Democratic Republic of the Congo
231:
64:
1066:1997 disestablishments in Zaire
821:Standard Catalog of World Coins
572:to its predecessor until 1997.
460:December 1992: 1,990,000 zaires
759:
745:
731:
706:
656:
630:September 1998: 150,000 (1.50
585:September 1994: 1,650 to 2,450
1:
1061:Currencies introduced in 1967
1036:Currencies with ISO 4217 code
916:1967 – 27 October 1971
810:
751:International Monetary Fund,
665:
341:
1019:1 franc = 100,000 new zaires
520:
463:March 1993: 2,529,000 zaires
390:
7:
653:once more, on 16 May 1997.
10:
1087:
1051:Modern obsolete currencies
713:Sizaire, Violaine (2002).
457:Early 1992: 114,291 zaires
332:, Zaire our only nation!"
316:
268:
254:
249:
226:
221:
213:
182:
172:
165:
146:
127:
120:
113:
105:
97:
92:
82:
75:
63:
45:
29:
24:
594:September 1995: 6,153.85
570:extremely high inflation
473:
618:September 1997: 115,000
1012:renaming and inflation
898:renaming and inflation
621:December 1997: 116,000
606:September 1996: 54,306
565:
527:National Bank of Congo
404:special drawing rights
354:
334:
309:(1967–1993, ZRZ), and
286:
905:1 zaire = 1000 francs
840:Pick, Albert (1994).
692:, 2012. p. 381.
609:December 1996: 93,076
597:December 1995: 15,550
556:New zaire (1993–1998)
326:
174: nouveau likuta
1056:Currencies of Africa
955:
882:
680:David van Reybrouck
624:March 1998: 125,000
612:March 1997: 142,560
454:1991: 15,300 zaires
21:
953:
880:
870:Banknotes of Zaire
804:Numismatics portal
739:"Zaire – Currency"
627:June 1998: 133,000
615:June 1997: 125,000
600:March 1996: 23,368
313:(1993–1998, ZRN).
217:None for new zaire
19:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1013:
977:
970:
954:Zairean new zaire
951:
950:
947:
940:
906:
899:
769:The Banknote Book
699:978-0-06-220011-2
682:(25 March 2014).
647:Republic of Zaire
603:June 1996: 33,367
588:March 1995: 2,850
540:grammatical error
322:Zaire (1967–1993)
299:Republic of Zaire
275:
274:
1078:
1015:
1008:
991:Currency of the
972:
965:
956:
952:
942:
935:
910:Currency of the
901:
894:
883:
879:
875:Zaire – Currency
858:
845:: General Issues
836:
806:
801:
800:
799:
792:
787:
786:
785:
774:
773:
763:
757:
749:
743:
742:
735:
729:
728:
710:
704:
703:
676:
591:June 1995: 4,900
512:
500:
488:
451:1990: 719 zaires
448:1989: 381 zaires
445:1988: 187 zaires
442:1987: 112 zaires
387:was introduced.
345:
343:
303:Mobutu Sese Seko
297:and then of the
259:
237:
235:
234:
175:
158:
157:
156:
152:
139:
138:
137:
133:
88:before 1994: ZRZ
70:1 zaire banknote
68:
56:
48:
47:
40:
32:
31:
22:
20:zaire, new zaire
18:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1026:
1025:
1014:
1007:
1004:Congolese franc
1001:
996:
986:
971:
964:
960:
941:
934:
930:
925:
915:
900:
893:
890:Congolese franc
887:
866:
861:
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833:
813:
802:
797:
795:
788:
783:
781:
778:
777:
764:
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750:
746:
737:
736:
732:
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711:
707:
700:
677:
673:
668:
659:
643:Congolese franc
579:March 1994: 115
560:The new zaire (
558:
523:
516:
515:20 Makuta, 1976
513:
504:
503:10 Makuta, 1975
501:
492:
489:
476:
439:1986: 60 zaires
436:1985: 50 zaires
393:
375:), each of 100
360:Congolese franc
347:
336:
324:
319:
255:
232:
230:
209:
203:
202:
197:
191:
190:
178:nouveaux makuta
173:
154:
150:
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147:
135:
131:
130:
128:
109:nouveaux zaires
87:
71:
59:
50:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1084:
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1073:
1068:
1063:
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1053:
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1038:
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978:
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948:
927:
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864:External links
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582:June 1994: 450
580:
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491:1 Likuta, 1967
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1018:
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1006:
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1000:Succeeded by:
995:
994:
985:
984:
975:
968:
963:
957:
945:
938:
933:
929:Succeeded by:
924:
923:
914:
913:
904:
897:
892:
891:
884:
881:Zairean zaire
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
856:
854:0-87341-207-9
850:
846:
844:
838:
834:
828:
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724:2-7475-2947-9
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690:HarperCollins
687:
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566:nouveau zaïre
563:
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541:
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531:Bank of Zaire
528:
525:In 1967, the
511:
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373:Belgian franc
370:
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314:
312:
311:nouveau zaïre
308:
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263:Bank of Zaire
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145:
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119:
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115:Denominations
112:
108:
104:
101:nouveau zaïre
100:
96:
91:
85:
81:
78:
74:
67:
62:
54:
46:nouveau zaïre
43:
38:
27:
26:
23:
1016:
1009:
1002:
990:
981:Currency of
980:
973:
966:
961:
959:Preceded by:
943:
936:
931:
920:Currency of
919:
909:
902:
895:
888:
886:Preceded by:
841:
819:
790:Money portal
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257:Central bank
222:Demographics
194:1, 5, 10, 50
823:: 1801–1991
649:became the
367:(singular:
349:The Zaire (
189:New makuta:
1030:Categories
832:0873411501
811:Literature
666:References
201:New zaire:
969:inflation
939:inflation
932:New zaire
657:Banknotes
552:zaïres".
521:Banknotes
385:new zaire
330:our river
183:Banknotes
340:slogan,
250:Issuance
243:DR Congo
241:(modern
77:ISO 4217
1010:Reason:
967:Reason:
937:Reason:
896:Reason:
391:History
381:centime
317:History
227:User(s)
153:⁄
148:
134:⁄
129:
121:Subunit
1017:Ratio:
974:Ratio:
944:Ratio:
903:Ratio:
851:
829:
721:
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562:French
369:likuta
365:makuta
351:French
283:French
236:
166:Plural
155:10,000
106:Plural
53:French
49:
41:
37:French
33:
1046:Zaire
983:Zaire
962:Zaire
922:Zaire
474:Coins
377:sengi
355:Zaïre
307:zaire
287:zaïre
279:zaire
239:Zaire
214:Coins
161:sengi
86:ZRN
30:zaïre
849:ISBN
827:ISBN
719:ISBN
694:ISBN
344:1971
291:code
277:The
98:Unit
93:Unit
83:Code
632:CDF
545:sic
136:100
1032::
688:.
564::
550:de
353::
342:c.
289:,
285::
857:.
835:.
741:.
727:.
702:.
634:)
406:.
281:(
245:)
151:1
132:1
55:)
51:(
39:)
35:(
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