3969:, p. 60–61:Data on the family origin of Mihailo Višević indicate that his family did not belong to a Serbian or Croatian tribe, but to another Slavic tribe who lived along the Vistula River and who joined the Serbs during the migration during the reign of Emperor Heraclius. The introduction of Mihajlo Višević and his family by Porphyrogenitus suggests that the rulers of Zahumlje until his time belonged to this ruling family, so that, both in Serbia and Croatia, and in Zahumlje, there would be a very early established principle of inheriting power by members of one family. Constantine Porphyrogenitus explicitly calls the inhabitants of Zahumlje Serbs who have settled there since the time of Emperor Heraclius, but we cannot be certain that the Travunians, Zachlumians and Narentines in the migration period to the Balkans were Serbs or Croats or Slavic tribes which in alliance with Serbs or Croats arrived in the Balkans. The emperor-writer says that all these principalities are inhabited by Serbs, but this is a view from his time when the process of ethnogenesis had already reached such a stage that the Serbian name became widespread and generally accepted throughout the land due to Serbia's political domination. Therefore, it could be concluded that in the middle of the 10th century the process of ethnogenesis in Zahumlje, Travunija, and Paganija was probably completed, because the emperor's informant collected data from his surroundings and transferred to Constantinople the tribal sense of belonging of the inhabitants of these archons ... The Byzantine writings on the De Ceremoniis, which were also written under the patronage of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, listed the imperial orders to the surrounding peoples. The writings cite orders from the archons of Croats, Serbs, Zahumljani, Kanalites, Travunians, Duklja and Moravia. The above-mentioned orders may have originated at the earliest during the reign of Emperor Theophilus (829 - 842) and represent the earliest evidence of the political fragmentation of the South Slavic principalities, that is, they confirm their very early formation. It is not known when Zahumlje was formed as a separate principality. All the news that Constantine Porphyrogenitus provides about this area agrees that it has always been so - that is, since the seventh-century settlement in the time of Emperor Heraclius. It is most probable that the prefects in the coastal principalities recognized the supreme authority of the Serbian ruler from the very beginning, but that they aspired to become independent, which took place according to the list of orders preserved in the book De Ceremoniis, no later than the first half of the 9th century. A falsified and highly controversial papal charter from 743 also mentions Zahumlje and Travunija as separate areas. If the basic information about these countries were correct, it would mean that they formed as very early principalities that were practically independent of the archon of Serbia.
1919:
54:
4158:, p. 139: Even if we reject Gruber's theory, supported by Manojlović (ibid., XLIX), that Zachlumje actually became a part of Croatia, it should be emphasized that the Zachlumians had a closer bond of interest with the Croats than with the Serbs, since they seem to have migrated to their new home not, as C. says (33/8-9), with the Serbs, but with the Croats; see below, on 33/18-19 ... If this is so, we must regard the dynasty of Zachlumje and at any rate part of its people as neither Croat nor Serb, It seems more probable that Michael’s ancestor, together with his tribe, joined the Croats when they moved south; and settled on the Adriatic coast and the Narenta, leaving the Croats to push on into Dalmatia proper.
2698:
1363:
2275:
763:
4094:
u prilog ustrajanju na vlastitom identitetu kojim su se njihove elite razlikovale od onih susjednih ... Međutim, nakon nekog vremena (možda poslije unutarnjih sukoba u
Hrvatskoj) promijenio je svoj položaj i prihvatio vrhovništvo srpskog vladara jer Konstantin tvrdi da su Zahumljani (kao i Neretvani i Travunjani) bili Srbi od vremena onog arhonta koji je Srbe, za vrijeme Heraklija, doveo u njihovu novu domovinu. Ta tvrdnja, naravno, nema veze sa stvarnošću 7. st., ali govori o političkim odnosima u Konstantinovo vrijeme.
4045:
starohrvatskih populacija s juga na sjever pripada vremenu od 10. stoljeća nadalje i povezano je s izmijenjenim političkim prilikama, jačanjem i širenjem rane hrvatske države. Na temelju svega ovoga mnogo je vjerojatnije da etnonim "Hrvati" i doseoba skrivaju činjenicu o prijenosu političke vlasti, što znači da je car političko vrhovništvo poistovjetio s etničkom nazočnošću. Točno takav pristup je primijenio pretvarajući
Zahumljane, Travunjane i Neretljane u Srbe (DAI, c. 33, 8-9, 34, 4-7, 36, 5-7).
1173:) of the Croats", in which he refers to the first council in some detail. If the letter is authentic, it shows that the council was attended not only by the bishops of Croatian and Byzantine Dalmatia, but also by Tomislav, whose territory also included the Byzantine cities of Dalmatia, and by a number of Michael's representatives. Zahumlje may have been under Croatian influence, but remained a separate political entity. Both Zahumlje and Croatia were under the religious jurisdiction of the
965:
2342:
1438:
3957:, p. 210: According to Constantine Porphyrogenitus, the Slavs of the Dalmatian zhupanias of Pagania, Zahumlje, Travounia, and Konavli all "descended from the unbaptized Serbs."51 This has been rightly interpreted as an indication that in the mid-tenth century the coastal zhupanias were under the control of the Serbian zhupan Časlav, who ruled over the regions in the interior and extended his power westwards across the mountains to the coast.
2631:
1726:
3384:
444:
191:
205:
1204:) was heavily jeopardized by the raiding Arabs and Langobards, Mihailo won a magnificent military victory by taking the city upon the recommendations from Constantinople and orders from his ally, King Tomislav Trpimirovic, but didn't keep it permanently. Mihailo Višević entered into closer relations with the Byzantine Empire, after the death of Bulgaria's Tsar Simeon. He gained the grand titles of the Byzantine court as
1511:
511:"From Ragusa begins the domain of the Zachlumi (Ζαχλοῦμοι) and stretches along as far as the river Orontius: and on the side of the coast it is neighbour to the Pagani, but on the side of the mountain country it is neighbour to the Croats on the north and to Serbia at the front ... Those who live there now, Zachlumi, are Serbs, from the time of that prince who claimed the protection of the Emperor
1100:
973:
4190:...the enigmatic Litziki were associated with the archaic names of Poles(Lendizi, Liakhy),7 or with the Slavic tribe of Lingones mentioned by chronicler Adam of Bremen.8 Be that as it may, it is certain that, although his subjects were perceived as Serbs, the family of Prince Michael of Zahumlje did not descend from Serbs or Croats, and was not related to their dynasties.
1552:. In the meantime, Petar fought successfully with neighbouring Bosnia and Croatia. Stefan Nemanjić sided with Andrija and went to war and secured Hum and Popovo field for Andrija sometime after his accession. Petar was defeated and crossed the Neretva, continuing to rule the west and north of the Neretva, which had around 1205 been briefly occupied by
3942:, pp. 139, 142: He probably saw that in his time all these tribes were in the Serb sphere of influence, and therefore called them Serbs, thus ante-dating by three centuries the state of affairs in his day... It is obvious that the small retinue of the Serbian prince could not have populated Serbia, Zachlumia, Terbounia and Narenta.
938:"The boundaries of that kingdom were as follows. To the east: Delmina. ... To the west: Carinthia, towards the sea up to the town of Stridon, which now marks the boundary between Dalmatia and Istria. To the north, moreover: from the banks of the Danube down to the Dalmatian sea, including all of Maronia and the Duchy of Hum.
1807:, a palace in Dubrovnik worth 2,000 ducats, and an annual income of 300 ducats was offered to anyone who would kill him, along with the promise of hereditary Ragusan nobility which also helped hold this promise to whoever did the deed. Stjepan was so scared by the threat that he finally raised the siege.
4131:
Plemena u
Zahumlju, Paganiji, Travuniji i Konavlima Porfirogenit naziva Srbima,28 razdvajajuči pritom njihovo političko od etničkog bića.29 Ovakvo tumačenje verovatno nije najsrećnije jer za Mihaila Viševića, kneza Zahumljana, kaže da je poreklom sa Visle od roda Licika,30 a ta je reka isuviše daleko
4093:
Sporovi hrvatske i srpske historiografije oko etničkoga karaktera sklavinija između Cetine i Drača bespredmetni su, jer transponiraju suvremene kategorije etniciteta u rani srednji vijek u kojem se identitet shvaćao drukčije. Osim toga, opstojnost većine sklavinija, a pogotovo Duklje (Zete) govori i
4228:
Kao potporna analogija može poslužiti i podrijetlo
Mihaela Viševića, vladara Zahumljana s područja Visle.21 Teško da je netko drugi (osim njega samoga i njegova roda) iznosio takvu obavijest. Ista hrvatska tradicija, ponešto izmijenjena, zadržala se u Dalmaciji sve do 13. stoljeća kada ju spominje
1154:. In 912 Michael kidnapped the Venetian Doge's son Peter Badoari that was returning to Venice from Constantinople and sent him to Czar Simeon as a sign of loyalty. Symeon attacked inner Serbia and captured Peter, who later died in prison, and Michael was able to restore the majority of control.
4044:
Izneseni nalazi navode na zaključak da se Hrvati nisu uopće naselili u južnoj
Panoniji tijekom izvorne seobe sa sjevera na jug, iako je moguće da su pojedine manje skupine zaostale na tom području utopivši se naposljetku u premoćnoj množini ostalih doseljenih slavenskih populacija. Širenje
853:(Slavic tribes) led by their respective aristocracies entered the western Balkans from the north, which was approved by the emperor. They inhabited areas that had been devastated by the Avars, where Byzantium (East Roman Empire) had generally been reduced to only nominal rule. According to
933:"Istaque fuerunt regni eorum confinia: ab oriente Delmina, ubi fuit civitas Delmis, ... ab occidente Carinthia, versus mare usque ad oppidum Stridonis, quod nunc est confinium Dalmatie et Ystrie; ab aquilone vero a ripa Danubii usque ad mare Dalmaticum cum tota Maronia et Chulmie ducatu."
4017:
Pri tome je car dosljedno izostavljao
Dukljane iz ove srpske zajednice naroda. Čini se, međutim, očitim da car ne želi govoriti ο stvarnoj etničkoj povezanosti, već da su mu pred očima politički odnosi u trenutku kada je pisao djelo, odnosno iz vremena kada su za nj prikupljani podaci u
1057:
in 870–871. The Roman cities in
Dalmatia had long been pillaged by the Slavic tribes in the mountaines around them. Basil I allowed the towns to pay tribute to the Slavic tribes to reduce the Slavs raiding. Presumably a large portion of this tribute went to the prince of
1053:. At this moment the local Slavic tribes (in Zahumlje, Travunija, and Konavle), who had aided the intervention, also accepted Byzantine suzerainty. Afterwards, the Slavs of Dalmatia and Zahumlje took part in the Byzantine military actions against the Arabs in
4132:
od oblasti Belih Srba i gde bi pre trebalo očekivati Bele Hrvate. To je prva indicija koja ukazuje da je srpsko pleme možda bilo na čelu većeg saveza slovenskih plemena koja su sa njim i pod vrhovnim vodstvom srpskog arhonta došla na
Balkansko poluostrvo.
1665:. In the war that followed Milutin took one of Mladen's brother captive, and to get him back Mladen Šubić had to agree to restore a part of Hum to Milutin. After this agreement in 1313 the Neretva again became the border between eastern and western Hum.
897:
the
Zachlumians "had a closer bond of interest with the Croats than with the Serbs, since they seem to have migrated to their new home not with the Serbs, but with the Croats". Michael's tribal origin is related to the oral tradition from
1599:
tried to stamp out regional differences by dropping references to
Zahumlje (Hum), Trebinje and Duklja (Zeta), and called himself "King of all Serbian land and the Coast". Miroslav's descendants dropped to the level of other local nobles.
6169:
1334:
of Serbia and Zahumlje. According to historian Paul Stephenson, it "suggests that he had been courted by the emperor, and awarded nominal rights neighbouring lands, including Duklja, which was at the time at war with the empire.
1007:(princes) and eventually came to consider themselves Croatians, while many of those to the south of Dubrovnik were coming to consider themselves Serbs. Despite Frankish overlordship, the Franks had almost no role in Dalmatia (
1185:) which jurisdiction remained under Split until 1022. It is uncertain whether the inscription and depiction of a Slavic ruler in the Church of St. Michael in Ston is a reference to Michael of Zahumlje, the 12th century
827:, including the territory of what would become Zahumlje, sacking towns and enslaving or displacing the local population. Some of the Slavs and Avars might have permanently settled in the occupied areas. They attacked
1594:
was from 1254 a vassal of Hungary, but probably afterwards his land were absorbed into Serbia. However, he was at war with Serbia in 1268, while still under Hungarian suzerainty. But seeking to centralize his realm,
1041:, who responded by sending over one hundred ships. Finally, the 866–867 Saracens' siege of Dubrovnik, which lasted fifteen months, was raised due to the intervention of Basil I, who sent a fleet under the command of
2697:
1680:. Though nominal vassals of Serbia, the Branivojević family attacked Serbian interests and other local nobles of Hum, who in 1326 turned against Serbia and Branivojević family. The Hum nobles approached to
893:, and it's unclear whether the Zachlumians "in the migration period to the Balkans really were Serbs or Croats or Slavic tribes which in alliance with Serbs or Croats arrived in the Balkans". According to
1228:
After the death of Michael (after c. 930s or 940s), the fate of Zahumlje is uncertain due to lack of historical sources about it. Some historians believe that Zahumlje came under the rule of prince
1803:
In 1451 he attacked Dubrovnik, and laid siege to the city. He had earlier been made a Ragusan nobleman and, consequently, the Ragusan government now proclaimed him a traitor. A reward of 15,000
1003:
to the southeast of the Frankish empire. Dalmatia which was southeast of the Frankish empire, was chiefly in the hands of South Slavic tribes. North of Dubrovnik these came to be under Croatian
920:. Much of Dalmatia was sometime earlier settled by the Croats, and Zahumlje bordered their territory on the north. According to Thomas the Archdeacon, when describing the reign of Croatian king
865:, but a closer reading of the source suggests that the Constantine VII's consideration about the population's ethnic identity is based on Serbian political rule and influence during the time of
1688:
as vassals of Bosnian Ban, become the leading family of Hum in the 1330s. Because of the war in 1327-1328 between Serbia and Dubrovnik, Bosnian lordship of inner Hum and the war in Macedonia,
1747:
6144:(2013b). "The Urban Landcape [sic] of Early Medieval Slavic Principalities in the Territories of the Former Praefectura Illyricum and in the Province of Dalmatia (ca. 610-950)".
1856:
were firmly established, eastern parts of Hum was mostly Orthodox, from 13th century and the rise of Nemanjići. In the 14th- and 15th centuries, there was an influx of settlers from the
1299:
expanded control in the whole region, but the Byzantines used local elite to rule over local polities although under Byzantine vassalage and supervision of Byzantine officials. In the
1259:
and journeying to Dubrovnik. Although they failed to take Dubrovnik, they devastated the surrounding villages. The Bulgarian army then attacked Croatia in support of the rebel princes
1918:
672:
who were descendent from a pre-Slavic population. Related to Romanians and originally speaking a language related to Romanian, the Vlachs of what was Hum are today Slavic speaking.
6242:
7473:
1637:
in 1299. Although supporting the king, Paul continued to act independently, and ruled over a large portion of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia. In the course of the war between
6413:
4412:
has long descriptions of the two councils" and "the labels of identity represent views from no earlier than the late 13th century, and possibly the 14th, 15th and 16th"
2303:
1426:. The subjects of Miroslav and Kulin included both Catholic and Orthodox. Prince Miroslav himself was Orthodox. In meantime, both Bosnia and Hum had been fought between
1247:
In the late 990s, Bulgarian Tsar Samuel made client states out of most of the Balkans, including Duklja and Zahumlje. In 998, Samuel launched a major campaign against
230:
5560:
1573:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3617:
3613:
6306:
5448:
When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods
5019:
When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods
1070:) did not stretch into the hinterlands, and had none military capacity, thus Basil I paid a tax of '72 gold coins' to the princes of Zahumlje and Travunia.
6235:
3679:
1346:(r. 1081–1101), neither Bosnia, Serbia nor Zahumlje was ever integrated into Doclea, each retained its own nobility and institutions and simply acquired a
1565:
6910:
5944:
1455:
Following the death of Emperor Manuel in 1180 Miroslav started ecclesiastical superior of Hum. He refused to allow Rainer, Latin Archbishop of Spalato (
1434:. The Catholics supported the former and the Orthodox the latter. A support of the growing heresy seemed the best solution for both Kulin and Miroslav.
3744:(1435–1466) was Bosnian noble. In 1448. changed his title from "Vojvode of Bosnia" into "Herceg of Hum and the Coast", and from 1449 into "Herceg of
2096:
873:, today's western Serbia was area where Serbs settled in 7th century and from there they expanded their rule on territory of Zachlumia. According to
791:
1584:. Following an earthquake in the Hum capital of Ston, the Serbian Orthodox bishop of Hum moved to the church of St Peter and St Paul built on the
1081:
for an armed escort for his delegates across southern Dalmatia and Zahumlje. Later in 880, the Pope ask the same from Zdeslav's successor, prince
924:
in the late 10th century, notes that Duchy of Hum (Zachlumia or Chulmie) was a part of the Kingdom of Croatia, before and after Stjepan Držislav:
6228:
6147:
The World of the Slavs: Studies of the East, West and South Slavs: Civitas, Oppidas, Villas and Archeological Evidence (7th to 11th Centuries AD)
2296:
2190:
2185:
2172:
2137:
1956:
1467:, who sent Teobald to report on the matter. The Pope's nuncio Teobald found Miroslav as a patron of heretics. After this, the Pope wrote to king
5376:
The Bosnian Church: A New Interpretation: A Study of the Bosnian Church and Its Place in State and Society from the 13th to the 15th Centuries
1754:
7478:
3332:
3284:
2544:
7145:
7133:
7104:
7058:
6963:
6728:
6716:
6408:
2659:
2376:
2196:
1381:
ruled Zahumlje before getting into a conflict with his brothers, resulting in him being exiled to Duklja, where he would have the title of
1174:
1471:
who was overlord of Hum (which Miroslav did not recognize), telling him to see that Miroslav performed his duty, but Miroslav remained as
1338:
According to historical sources, the Serbian lands were under Byzantine control or vassalage until 1040s, but not under a direct control.
611:
6939:
6898:
6745:
6611:
6525:
6493:
6367:
6301:
5899:
3571:
3412:
1557:
4061:
53:
7468:
7242:
7175:
7092:
6975:
6951:
6881:
6549:
6537:
2289:
2086:
1899:
685:
5092:
3983:
1377:. There was a split between the two, and Vukan sent forces to Duklja, making Kočapar flee to Bosnia and then Zahumlje, where he died.
7070:
7029:
6927:
6796:
6784:
6757:
6684:
2144:
1991:
1825:
1146:, who was extending his power westwards. To eliminate that threat and as a close ally of Bulgaria, Michael warned the Bulgarian Tsar
748:
547:
5017:
2467:
7463:
7046:
6836:
3185:
7121:
2961:
1928:
1414:
secured the land of Hum. After 1168 when Nemanja was raised to the Serbian throne with Manuel's favor, Hum passed to his brother
1143:
1128:
623:
539:
331:
196:
4032:"Od Hrvata pak koji su stigli u Dalmaciju odvojio se jedan dio i zavladao Ilirikom i Panonijom: Razmatranja uz DAI c. 30, 75-78"
1753:
The territory on the right bank of the Lower Neretva was at the time controlled by Kosača vassals, a local clan and magnates of
2439:
1661:. Mladen succeeded his father in 1312. After Paul's death, Milutin and Dragutin concluded a peace, and went to war against the
1399:
ruled Serbia together 1149–1153; Desa had the title of 'Prince of Duklja, Travunija and Zahumlje', mentioned in 1150 and 1151.
959:
4978:, p. 48: "Tako se pojam Humska zemlja postepeno gubi da ustupi mjesto novom imenu zemlje hercega Stjepana — Hercegovini."
7324:
5954:
5909:
5865:
5639:
5550:
5027:
4075:
2610:
2238:
364:
2356:
2252:
1689:
1236:
which was written in the mid-10th century clearly states that Zachlumia is a separate polity from Serbia. The 13th century
784:
740:
5566:
1638:
3764:
2536:
1535:
7247:
7138:
2772:
370:
5322:
Dvornik, F.; Jenkins, R. J. H.; Lewis, B.; Moravcsik, Gy.; Obolensky, D.; Runciman, S. (1962). P. J. H. Jenkins (ed.).
3446:
3352:
2942:
2929:
2234:
2223:
2122:
1576:
succeed as princes of Hum in 1249, Radoslav held the supreme rule. During the war against Ragusa, he aided his kinsman
1494:
become the prince of Dalmatia, Croatia and Hum, while Miroslav died a year after and his wife was living in exile. The
335:
3014:
6179:
6155:
6092:
6056:
6005:
5933:
5888:
5846:
5825:
5804:
5783:
5759:
5735:
5660:
5616:
5524:
5503:
5480:
5466:
5384:
5344:
5312:
5288:
5264:
5188:
3996:
3800:
3217:
2739:
2434:
1908:
1531:
1059:
1008:
522:
491:
4748:
Do početka 20-ih godina 13. stoljeća prostori Humske zemlje bili su pod jurisdikcijom zapadne, odnosno rimske Crkve.
3175:
2754:
2744:
473:
2749:
2652:
2572:
2759:
1251:
to prevent a Byzantine-Serbian alliance, resulting in a surrender. The Bulgarian troops proceeded to pass through
1066:("thema Dalmatias") was established, but with no real Byzantine authority. These small cities in the region (also
6372:
3405:
2381:
1998:
777:
515:. In the territory of the Zachlumi are the inhabited cities of Stagnon, Mokriskik, Iosli, Galoumainik, Dobriskik"
6190:
1743:
991:(800) that incorporated much of western and central Europe. He brought the Frankish state face to face with the
6251:
5456:
5432:
5408:
4229:
Toma Arhiđakon: "Iz krajeva Poljske došlo je s Totilom sedam ili osam uglednih plemena, koji se zovu Lingoni."2
3669:
3142:
2079:
1966:
1654:
469:
3436:
2419:
1241:
3645:
2582:
2477:
2279:
1124:
1104:
767:
327:
3741:
1761:
5159:
Ulla Tillander-Godenhielm (2005): The Russian Imperial Award System During the Reign of Nicolas II, p. 446.
4408:, pp. 54–55: "John the Deacon makes no mention of either council", "manuscript from the 16th century
3342:
3053:
2707:
2621:
2605:
2566:
2424:
1645:, Paul Šubić expanded not only into western Hum, but also beyond the Neretva river, and took the region of
1351:
831:
in 626 but were defeated by the Byzantines, after which the Avars ceased to play a significant role in the
339:
5684:
Ross, James Bruce (1945). "Two Neglected Paladins of Charlemagne: Erich of Friuli and Gerold of Bavaria".
4729:
3655:
2732:
2645:
2512:
2321:
1882:. The people from Hum were mostly girls from Gacko, who took up working as servants to wealthy families.
1622:
1618:
1522:
Until beginning of the 13th century, areas of Zahumlje were under jurisdiction of the Roman Church. When
7063:
5589:
3705:
1780:
relics were consider miracle-working by people of all Christian faiths. Stjepan's title will prompt the
1596:
1577:
5516:
The Bulgarian-Byzantine Wars for Early Medieval Balkan Hegemony: Silver-Lined Skulls and Blinded Armies
4902:
4186:
Emperor Symeon's Bulgaria in the History of Europe's South-East: 1100 years from the Battle of Achelous
3788:
3735:
3398:
3081:
3043:
2985:
2829:
2677:
2559:
2530:
2482:
1642:
839:
665:
465:
1260:
1135:, he was nevertheless able to maintain independent rule throughout at least a good part of his reign.
5592:[The Šubići of Bribir until the Loss of the Hereditary Position of the Croatian Ban (1322)].
5571:
A later edition is that by G. Monticolo (1890), Rome: Forzani. The relevant passage is also found in
5442:
5418:
5394:
5370:
3693:
3565:
3440:
2899:
2844:
2366:
1973:
1935:
1681:
407:
17:
3465:
3023:
3729:
3717:
3663:
3649:
3312:
3245:
3063:
2877:
2822:
1764:
ruled over Zahumlje, or Humska zemlja as it was called at this point. In 1448 he assumed the title
1685:
1515:
505:
454:
6220:
5424:
The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest
3603:
3586:
3114:
1541:
6126:
5174:
3768:
2600:
1829:
1280:
458:
286:
268:
5580:
5280:
History of the Bishops of Salona and Split: Historia salonitanorum atque spalatinorum pontificum
3471:
1750:
ruled over its eastern part, while the Neretva river remain a border between their possessions.
5769:
3264:
2719:
2245:
2216:
1730:
1132:
1108:
694:
323:
307:
252:
3541:
1707:
from Bosnia in 1322–1326. By the mid-14th century, Bosnia apparently reached a peak under Ban
1704:
1669:
1545:
1468:
1459:) whom he considered to be an agent of Hungarian king, to consecrate a bishop for the town of
7432:
5925:
The Entry of the Slavs into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs
5274:
3477:
3321:
3195:
2714:
2203:
2106:
1841:
1634:
1237:
1216:). He remained as ruler of Zahumlje into the 940s, while maintaining good relations with the
1050:
945:
905:
724:
7126:
4081:
3227:
1581:
1502:, very likely produced for the Church of St Peter in Lima, commissioned by prince Miroslav.
652:. The Sklavenoi plundered Thrace in 545, and again the next year. In 551, the Slavs crossed
5108:
4002:
3780:
3623:
3609:
3459:
1833:
1591:
1553:
1527:
1491:
1319:
1147:
5997:
Srednjovjekovna Bosna: Politički položaj bosanskih vladara do Tvrtkove krunidbe (1377. g.)
5277:(2006). Karbić, Damir; Matijević Sokol, Mirjana; Perić, Olga; Sweeney, James Ross (eds.).
3751:
1800:), which remains a long-lasting legacy in the name of Bosnia and Herzegovina to this day.
1569:
530:") rulers, Hum had two major cities: Bona and Hum. The main settlements in Zachlumia were
8:
7217:
6570:
6141:
6122:
6102:
6078:
6066:
6038:
4118:
3805:
3723:
3430:
2924:
2550:
2502:
2497:
2449:
2371:
1875:
1662:
1499:
1445:
1186:
1177:. In this letter, John describes Michael as "the most excellent leader of the Zachlumi" (
1166:
1116:
1094:
1082:
900:
882:
874:
816:
607:
583:
415:
101:
6015:
5400:
The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century
1658:
1396:
1350:
to head the local structure as Prince or Duke. Zahumlje subsequently became part of the
1229:
1139:
921:
866:
7264:
6915:
5964:
5877:
5709:
5701:
5492:
5359:
5250:
5224:
5198:
3810:
3699:
3483:
3254:
3094:
2889:
2492:
2487:
2472:
2444:
2330:
2114:
1776:. This "Saint Sava" part of the title had considerable public relations value, because
1708:
1464:
1427:
1407:
1339:
1300:
1264:
1078:
1019:
984:
732:
383:
5778:. Belgrade: Nova, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Institute for Balkan Studies.
5674:
5574:
5307:(2nd revised ed.). Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies.
3165:
1549:
1476:
7082:
7011:
6863:
6653:
6200:
6175:
6151:
6107:"Constantine Porphyrogenitus' Source on the Earliest History of the Croats and Serbs"
6088:
6052:
6001:
5950:
5929:
5905:
5884:
5861:
5842:
5821:
5800:
5779:
5755:
5731:
5713:
5656:
5635:
5628:
5612:
5520:
5499:
5476:
5452:
5428:
5404:
5380:
5340:
5308:
5284:
5260:
5238:
5212:
5184:
5023:
4910:
4122:
4071:
3992:
3815:
3294:
3274:
3207:
3124:
2996:
2914:
2839:
2686:
2050:
2025:
1774:
Herzog of Saint Sava, Lord of Hum, Grand Duke of Bosnia, Knyaz of Drina, and the rest
1735:
1609:
1463:. In addition, Miroslav confiscated the Archbishop's money. Rainer complained to the
1403:
1374:
1343:
1035:
824:
343:
2981:
1362:
1347:
1284:
526:(14th or 16th century) described the geography under the rule of the South Slavic ("
318:
principality. It maintained relations with various foreign and neighbouring powers (
7334:
6510:
6357:
5919:
5693:
4737:
3453:
3033:
2919:
2909:
2414:
2261:
2018:
1962:
1495:
1431:
1308:
1151:
1063:
810:
319:
210:
4218:[The Dark Sea in De administrando imperio: The Baltic or the Black Sea?].
1487:. Rastko however took monastic vows and Miroslav continued ruling Hum after 1192.
1115:
The history of Zahumlje as a greater political entity starts with the emerging of
567:
7339:
7109:
7097:
6603:
6145:
6082:
6042:
6019:
5995:
5968:
5923:
5836:
5815:
5794:
5773:
5749:
5745:
5725:
5721:
5650:
5606:
5514:
5470:
5446:
5422:
5398:
5374:
5334:
5323:
5302:
5298:
5278:
5254:
5228:
5202:
5178:
5158:
4909:(in Serbo-Croatian) (49). Zadar: Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts: 221–237.
4742:
3892:
3514:
3495:
3104:
2864:
2429:
2409:
1672:
had emerged as strongest in Hum. Probably at their highest point they ruled from
1449:
1441:
1423:
1415:
1329:
1042:
996:
988:
894:
6689:
5838:
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
5670:
1770:
Herzog of Hum and the Coast, Grand Duke of Bosnia, Knyaz of Drina, and the rest,
1410:, divided up his lands between princes of the old Serbian family of Zavida, and
314:, respectively). In some periods it was a fully independent or semi-independent
7075:
6721:
6663:
6434:
5751:
The Emperor Romanus Lecapenus and His Reign: A Study of Tenth-Century Byzantium
3842:(Москва: Прогресс), 2-е изд. — Перевод с немецкого и дополнения О.Н. Трубачёва.
3763:
The historical name of the region is officially represented in the name of the
3659:
3553:
3509:
3489:
3151:
3076:
2894:
2635:
2507:
2178:
2150:
2118:
2034:
1949:
1945:
1853:
1781:
1657:, as Lord of Hum. At least part of Paul's conquests were granted to his vassal
1456:
1411:
1392:
1248:
1197:
1161:, whose composition may have begun in the late 13th century, cites a letter of
1046:
858:
828:
599:
575:
403:
391:
347:
6944:
6932:
5535:
7457:
7404:
6992:
6530:
6498:
6471:
6204:
5242:
4914:
3520:
3388:
2386:
2110:
2102:
2038:
1613:
1561:
964:
715:
7399:
5991:
5630:
Islam in the Balkans: religion and society between Europe and the Arab world
5107:. Zagreb: Croatian Society of Civil Engineers: 757–766. 2006. Archived from
3687:
7328:
7272:
7180:
7019:
6996:
6968:
6903:
6841:
6801:
6762:
6750:
6740:
6733:
6628:
6616:
6542:
6439:
6318:
6271:
6165:
5354:
5216:
4730:"Religious situation in the Hum land (Ston and Rat) during the Middle Ages"
4188:. Sofia: Univerzitetsvo izdatelstvo "Sveti Kliment Ohridski". p. 237.
4161:
3711:
2951:
2904:
2391:
2063:
2046:
1484:
1475:. In 1190–1192, Stefan Nemanja briefly assigned the rule of Hum to his son
1342:(fl. 1018–1043) soon took Zahumlje from the Byzantines. During the rule of
1268:
1123:
ruler who flourished in the early part of the 10th century. A neighbour of
886:
870:
862:
649:
639:
603:
543:
67:
6956:
3686:
of Zahumlje 1322–1326. Son of Bogdan I (or Radoslav). He married Katarina
2341:
1437:
7297:
7232:
7201:
7150:
7034:
6789:
6706:
6593:
6554:
6362:
6127:"On the Baptism of the Serbs and Croats in the Time of Basil I (867–886)"
5579:. Zagreb: Zagrabiae, Sumptibus Academiae Scientiarum et Artium. pp.
4057:
3979:
3161:
2859:
2228:
2042:
1821:
1797:
1720:
1626:
1585:
1323:
1162:
1138:
Michael have come into territorial conflict with the neighbouring prince
1120:
1103:
Map of Michael's territorial extent over Chelmia (Zahumlje), between the
1049:
sailed along the coast collecting promises of loyalty to the empire from
1015:
1000:
980:
890:
635:
527:
315:
299:
7394:
3505:
1697:
1444:, one of the oldest surviving documents written in Serbian recension of
619:
7359:
7307:
7292:
6893:
6886:
6701:
6696:
6633:
6578:
6515:
6462:
6345:
6259:
5705:
3784:
3745:
3501:
2977:
2784:
2165:
1777:
1548:. Andrija is exiled to Rascia, to the court of his cousin Grand Prince
1523:
1206:
1067:
992:
987:
from 768 until his death in 814, expanded the Frankish kingdom into an
387:
4125:[On the northern borders of Serbia in the early middle ages].
4031:
1370:
1240:
claimed that the Croatian kingdom included Zachlumia before and after
7374:
7369:
7354:
7287:
7222:
7157:
7051:
6980:
6848:
6821:
6813:
6638:
6623:
6588:
6520:
6505:
6444:
6403:
6352:
6281:
6276:
5978:Тошић, Ђуро (2005). "Требињци и Захумљани у средњовјековном Котору".
2804:
2779:
2010:
1725:
1646:
1480:
1419:
1384:
1315:), which confirmed the jurisdiction of the archdiocese of Dubrovnik.
1212:
1031:
842:
668:, pillaging cities and settling down. Hum had also a large number of
587:
563:
512:
6073:. Vol. 2. Београд-Никшић: Историјски институт, Манастир Острог.
6051:] (in Serbian). Београд: Завод за уџбенике и наставна средства.
6033:. Vol. 1. Београд-Никшић: Историјски институт, Манастир Острог.
5879:
Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina
5697:
4181:
1544:
is entitled the rule of Hum, but the Hum nobility chose his brother
443:
190:
7389:
7282:
7277:
7227:
7087:
6769:
6583:
6488:
6426:
6398:
6313:
6296:
6286:
6250:
6106:
4251:
4249:
3528:
2969:
2834:
2794:
2361:
2006:
1978:
1863:
1498:
are the oldest surviving documents written in Serbian recension of
1252:
878:
707:
657:
644:
579:
571:
551:
303:
295:
116:
77:
3449:, Prince of Travunia and Zachlumia (as a part of Duklja) 1000–1018
3433:, independent Slavic ruler of Zahumlje, Prince of Zahumlje 910–940
1700:
to Dubrovnik, and turned to the east to acquire all of Macedonia.
535:
334:) and later was subjected (temporarily or for a longer period) to
7439:
7343:
7302:
7237:
7187:
7167:
7116:
7041:
6987:
6922:
6858:
6826:
6774:
6648:
6643:
6483:
6340:
6328:
5009:
4216:"Tamno more u spisu De administrando imperio: Baltičko ili Crno?"
3845:
3774:
2809:
2789:
1630:
1296:
1193:
1038:
917:
832:
615:
559:
555:
418:, and Ζαχλούμων χώρα ("land of Zachlumians") in Greek. The names
311:
248:
204:
5946:
The poetics of Slavdom: the mythopoeic foundations of Yugoslavia
4246:
3683:
1858:
591:
7379:
7349:
7260:
7024:
6831:
6779:
6711:
6676:
6672:
6291:
5600:. Zagreb, Croatia: Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts: 1–26.
4389:
4387:
4215:
3532:
3362:
2965:
2884:
2854:
2849:
1673:
1510:
1378:
1272:
1045:
in relief of the city. After this successful intervention, the
913:
850:
669:
661:
223:
154:
5727:
The Medieval Manichee: A Study of the Christian Dualist Heresy
5095:[Early Christian and pre-romanesque churches in Ston]
4569:
4567:
1303:'s bull from 27 September 1022 is mentioned Zahumlje kingdom (
653:
7428:(ethnicity is undefined): = supposedly Eastern Slavic tribes
7384:
6873:
6853:
6084:
Forging unity: The South Slavs between East and West 550-1150
5576:
Documenta historiae chroaticae periodum antiquam illustrantia
3549:
2799:
1879:
1871:
1804:
1677:
1276:
1256:
1099:
1027:
1023:
972:
846:
820:
5590:"Šubići Bribirski do gubitka nasljedne banske časti (1322.)"
5321:
4903:"Vjerske prilike na području knezova Jurjevića – Vlatkovića"
4384:
4182:"Prince Michael of Zahumlje – a Serbian ally of Tsar Simeon"
4167:
4155:
3939:
1373:, the Prince of Duklja (r. 1102–1103), ruled in the name of
857:, Zahumlje was one of the regions settled by the Serbs from
6420:
5180:
The Serbs of Bosnia & Herzegovina: History and Politics
4564:
3674:"Ban the Croats and Bosnia and general lord of Hum country"
3590:
3575:
3545:
3524:
1837:
1693:
1650:
1460:
1217:
1074:
1054:
595:
531:
5142:
5140:
4826:
4824:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4670:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4266:
4264:
7444:= generally considered synonym for early medieval Slovaks
5676:
Odlomci iz državnoga práva hrvatskoga za narodne dynastie
5336:
Early Medieval Hum and Bosnia, ca. 450-1200: Beyond Myths
3960:
1150:
about the alliance between Peter and Symeon's enemy, the
638:(r. 527–565), when eventually up to 100,000 Slavs raided
7438:= some of the Silesian tribes are Germanic, for example
5070:
4981:
4942:
4758:
4756:
4699:
4697:
4451:
4099:
3991:. Zagreb: Hrvatska sveučilišna naklada. pp. 58–61.
3889:
History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene
3869:
1564:, succeeded as prince, ruling 1227–1237. Andrija's sons
1011:
and Zahumlje) in the period from the 820s through 840s.
368:, borrowed from a Germanic language (cf. Proto-Germanic
6150:. Belgrade: The Institute for History. pp. 15–36.
5137:
5058:
4821:
4809:
4780:
4667:
4627:
4554:
4552:
4539:
4537:
4524:
4522:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4261:
3950:
3948:
3523:
Prince of Zahumlje 1192–1196 (He married a daughter of
1684:, the ban of Bosnia, who then annexed most of Hum. The
4959:
4957:
4872:
4870:
4857:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4768:
4734:
Hercegovina: Časopis za kulturno i povijesno naslijeđe
4709:
4657:
4655:
4480:
4478:
4463:
4427:
4372:
4362:
4360:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4281:
4279:
4195:
4137:
1366:
Zahumlje in 1190 as a lower part of Kingdom of Hungary
7474:
States and territories established in the 9th century
6087:. Belgrade: The Institute of History, Čigoja štampa.
5451:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
5427:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
5403:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
5304:
Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio
5048:
5046:
4932:
4930:
4882:
4753:
4694:
4579:
4415:
4234:
3921:
574:. The eastern border of Zahumlje went along the line
4836:
4549:
4534:
4519:
4490:
4439:
4320:
3945:
1866:, around forts Klobuk, Ledenica and Rudina, and the
276:
5883:. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
5125:
4954:
4867:
4848:
4792:
4652:
4603:
4591:
4507:
4475:
4357:
4332:
4291:
4276:
3857:
3779:has been granted at times to junior members of the
1852:In contrast to Bosnia, where Roman Catholicism and
656:initially headed for Thessalonica, but ended up in
618:. Zahumlje had access to the Adriatic Sea with the
5876:
5627:
5491:
5358:
5043:
4927:
4123:"О северним границама Србије у раном средњем веку"
1223:
869:and does not indicate ethnic origin. According to
298:principality located in the modern-day regions of
5796:East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500
4615:
3909:
3897:
3787:until 1918. The last grand duke of Zahumlije was
586:and met with the Travunian border at the city of
7455:
6252:Early Slavic ethnic groups (7th–12th centuries)
6199:] (in Serbo-Croatian). Sarajevo: Svjetlost.
5361:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250
5022:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 94–98.
5002:
5000:
4998:
4996:
2508:Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia
5768:
5325:De Administrando Imperio: Volume II. Commentary
5283:. Budapest: Central European University Press.
5273:
4255:
4070:], Leykam international, pp. 51, 177,
3559:In 1216 Stephen the First-Crowned divided Hum:
1788:by using using the possessive form of the noun
5565:. Hanover. pp. 1–36: 22–3. Archived from
5536:"The Slavs in the 6th Century North Illyricum"
5237:] (in Serbian). Srpska književna zadruga.
4907:Radovi Zavod Za Povijesne Znanosti Hazu U Zaru
4214:Lončar, Milenko; Jurić, Teuta Serreqi (2018).
1836:. Hum's coastal region, including its capital
430:appear in later Latin and Italian chronicles.
6236:
6024:. Београд-Загреб: Српска краљевска академија.
5980:Истраживања: Филозофски факултет у Новом Саду
5494:The Balkans: From Constantinople to Communism
5093:"Ranokršćanske i predromaničke crkve u Stonu"
5087:
5085:
4993:
3589:, son of Miroslav, Prince of the Seaside and
3406:
2653:
2297:
908:about seven or eight tribes of nobles called
815:In the second decade of the 7th century, the
785:
6111:Radovi Zavoda Za Hrvatsku Povijest U Zagrebu
4969:
1332:epi tou Chrysotriklinou, hypatos, strategos"
6049:Portraits of Serbian Rulers: IX-XII Century
5963:
5855:
5799:. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
5562:Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Scriptores 7
5558:
4213:
3486:, King of Duklja c. 1113–1118 and 1125–1131
1034:in 867. The city of Dubrovnik appealed to
472:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
6243:
6229:
6197:The becoming of the medieval Bosnian state
5834:
5813:
5608:The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire
5328:. University of London: The Athlone Press.
5204:Herceg Stefan Vukčić-Kosača i njegovo doba
5082:
5016:Fine, John V. A. (Jr ) (5 February 2010).
4573:
4184:. In Angel Nikolov; Nikolay Kanev (eds.).
3413:
3399:
2660:
2646:
2304:
2290:
1580:, at the same time swearing allegiance to
792:
778:
52:
6140:
6134:Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana
6121:
5928:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5874:
5841:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5820:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5297:
5197:
5173:
5064:
4987:
4948:
4741:
4393:
3851:
3568:, Prince of Serbia and Zahumlje 1216–1228
1820:Most of Hum's territory was inhabited by
1490:Latin vengeance came in March 1198, when
1422:, who in meantime acquired the throne of
492:Learn how and when to remove this message
6192:Postanak srednjovjekovne bosanske države
6101:
6077:
6065:
6037:
5858:Balkan worlds: the first and last Europe
5744:
5720:
5648:
5533:
5512:
5489:
5475:. Rockford, Illinois: Chronicles Press.
5365:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5249:
5223:
5209:Herceg Stefan Vukčić-Kosača and his time
5146:
4786:
4774:
4715:
4688:
4646:
4469:
4433:
4378:
4201:
4143:
4117:
4029:
3966:
3927:
3875:
3863:
1724:
1509:
1436:
1361:
1181:), and is mentioned the Ston bishopric (
1098:
971:
963:
660:. In 577 some 100,000 Slavs poured into
6164:
5604:
5465:
4105:
1244:(969–997), but that's also disputable.
642:. The Western Balkans was settled with
14:
7456:
6028:
5942:
5918:
5897:
5792:
5634:. University of South Carolina Press.
5625:
5587:
5230:Историја средњовековне босанске државе
5211:] (in Serbian). Naučno delo SANU.
4888:
4842:
4727:
4585:
4421:
4326:
4179:
3840:Этимологический Словарь Русского Языка
3468:, Prince, and King of Duklja 1054–1081
1847:
1815:
1742:In the beginning of the 15th century,
1588:near the Serbian border in the 1250s.
509:described the polity of Zachlumia as:
6224:
6014:
5990:
5977:
5817:The Legend of Basil the Bulgar-Slayer
5669:
5572:
5353:
5332:
5235:History of the medieval Bosnian state
5076:
4900:
4558:
4543:
4528:
4501:
4457:
4445:
4056:
3978:
3954:
3738:, Grand Duke of Hum from 1418 to 1435
1307:), and would be again in the bull of
1232:, but there's no evidence for it and
285:
7479:9th-century establishments in Europe
6188:
6171:Povijest Bosne : kratki pregled
6044:Портрети српских владара: IX-XII век
5683:
5441:
5417:
5393:
5379:. Boulder: East European Quarterly.
5369:
5131:
5052:
5015:
4975:
4963:
4936:
4876:
4861:
4830:
4815:
4803:
4762:
4703:
4661:
4621:
4609:
4597:
4513:
4484:
4405:
4366:
4351:
4314:
4285:
4270:
4240:
4068:Croatian history from 550 until 1100
3915:
3903:
3620:1249–1252 (brothers, sons of Andrew)
3343:Federal unit of Socialist Yugoslavia
2357:History of Croatia before the Croats
2253:Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
976:Slavic principalities in ca. 850 AD.
968:Slavic principalities in ca. 814 AD.
629:
470:adding citations to reliable sources
437:
6174:. Erasmus Gilda : Novi Liber.
6000:. Zagreb: Grafički zavod Hrvatske.
5540:Гласник Српског археолошког друштва
3765:Eparchy of Zahumlje and Herzegovina
386:(za + Hum "behind the Hum"), above
24:
5904:. University of California Press.
4063:Hrvatska povijest od 550. do 1100.
3838:Entry "холм" in М. Фасмер (1986),
3702:, the first Bosnian King 1353–1391
2930:Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum
2224:Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
1703:The region was overwhelmed by the
1402:About 1150, the Byzantine Emperor
1326:ruler of Zahumlje, styled himself
877:the area of the Vistula where the
861:who previously arrived there from
25:
7490:
7469:1050s disestablishments in Europe
6213:
4127:Zbornik Matice srpske za istoriju
3801:History of Bosnia and Herzegovina
3696:, a Bosnian Ban from 1326 to 1353
3353:Constituent state with Montenegro
2280:Bosnia and Herzegovina portal
1885:
1653:. Paul appointed his eldest son,
1448:, was created by order by prince
1267:and advanced northwest as far as
768:Bosnia and Herzegovina portal
523:Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja
5901:Medieval and Renaissance Studies
5259:. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
3508:1190–1192 ruling in the name of
3382:
2696:
2629:
2340:
2273:
1917:
1746:ruled over the western Hum, and
838:Around 630, during the reign of
761:
562:to the west; to the mountain of
442:
228:
203:
189:
7464:Medieval history of the Balkans
5166:
5152:
4901:Korać, Dijana (December 2007).
4894:
4721:
4399:
4207:
4173:
4149:
4111:
4050:
4023:
3972:
2092:(Bosansko Krajište (1451-1463))
1999:Bosnia in the Early Middle Ages
1810:
1714:
1603:
1505:
1357:
1290:
1224:Post-Michael of Zahumlje period
1088:
749:Uprising in eastern Herzegovina
550:. The principality sprang from
5970:History of the Byzantine State
5775:Serbs in European Civilization
5772:; Duškov, Milan, eds. (1993).
5754:. Cambridge University Press.
5730:. Cambridge University Press.
3933:
3881:
3832:
3593:of Southern Zahumlje 1216–1239
3176:Banate of Lugoj and Caransebeș
1889:
1755:Radivojević–Jurjević–Vlatković
1318:In a charter dated July 1039,
1179:excellentissimus dux Chulmorum
960:Byzantine–Arab Wars (780–1180)
953:
885:originate was the place where
825:Byzantine province of Dalmatia
823:subjects occupied most of the
804:
13:
1:
3821:
3480:, King of Duklja c. 1103–1113
2583:Socialist Republic of Croatia
2478:Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)
1711:who came into power in 1353.
728:(1470–1833) & (1851–1912)
634:Slavs invaded Balkans during
358:Zachlumia is a derivative of
5856:Stoianovich, Traian (1994).
5611:. Harvard University Press.
5513:Hupchick, Dennis P. (2017).
5490:Hupchick, Dennis P. (2002).
5472:Montenegro: The Divided Land
4743:10.47960/2712-1844.2016.2.65
3826:
3771:. Also, the honorific title
3548:of Zahumlje 1196–1216 and a
3498:Prince of Zahumlje 1162–1190
3492:, Duke of Zahumlje 1149–1162
2567:Independent State of Croatia
1840:, had a mixed population of
1352:Grand Principality of Serbia
433:
394:. The principality is named
353:
27:Medieval Balkan principality
7:
5652:Military History of Croatia
5605:Luttwak, Edward N. (2009).
5006:Viator (1978), pp. 388–389.
4180:Uzelac, Aleksandar (2018).
3794:
3724:Stephen Tvrtko II of Bosnia
3578:of Upper Zahumlje 1228–1239
3437:Stephen Držislav of Croatia
2513:Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
2047:Hum (Herzegovina from 1454)
1623:Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia
1295:By 1020, Byzantine Emperor
648:(Sklavenoi), the east with
590:. Zachlumia was split on 9
10:
7495:
5973:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
5443:Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr.
5419:Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr.
5395:Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr.
5371:Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr.
3789:Prince Peter of Montenegro
3474:, King of Duklja 1081–1101
2483:Croatian Military Frontier
1718:
1686:Draživojevići of Nevesinje
1607:
1479:, while Miroslav held the
1287:and returned to Bulgaria.
1192:After the Italian city of
1092:
957:
889:would be expected and not
808:
675:
7421:
7320:
7316:
7258:
7209:
7200:
7166:
7010:
6872:
6812:
6671:
6662:
6602:
6569:
6479:
6470:
6461:
6394:
6387:
6336:
6327:
6267:
6258:
5875:Velikonja, Mitja (2003).
5835:Stephenson, Paul (2004).
5814:Stephenson, Paul (2003).
4410:Historia Salonitana maior
4129:(in Serbian). 63/64: 11.
4030:Gračanin, Hrvoje (2008),
3758:
3670:Mladen II Šubić of Bribir
3566:Stefan Radoslav of Serbia
3462:, Prince of Hum 1039–1054
2197:SR Bosnia and Herzegovina
1418:. He married a sister of
1279:, then northeast through
1159:Historia Salonitana maior
1077:asked for help from duke
1030:, and then laid siege to
995:to the northeast and the
859:an area near Thessaloniki
277:
244:
168:
164:
151:
141:
137:
129:
125:
110:
95:
91:
83:
73:
63:
51:
46:
34:Principality of Zachlumia
32:
6029:Кунчер, Драгана (2009).
5793:Sedlar, Jean W. (1994).
5594:Historical Contributions
5534:Janković, Đorđe (2004).
5339:. Taylor & Francis.
4728:Krešić, Milenko (2016).
3854:, p. 145, 161, 163.
3730:Stephen Ostoja of Bosnia
3718:Stephen Ostoja of Bosnia
3706:Stephen Dabiša of Bosnia
3646:Mladen I Šubić of Bribir
2573:Federal State of Croatia
1625:controlled Croatia from
1597:Stephen Uroš I of Serbia
1578:Stephen Uroš I of Serbia
1516:Medieval Serbian Kingdom
1189:or St. Michael himself.
506:De Administrando Imperio
346:, and at the end to the
58:Zachlumia in 9th century
5943:Zlatar, Zdenko (2007).
5333:Dzino, Danijel (2023).
3769:Serbian Orthodox Church
3648:, a Croatian noble and
3562:Mainland of Zachlumia:
3517:Prince of Zahumlje 1192
3028:11th–12th century
1967:Central Bosnian culture
1744:Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić
1639:Stephen Uroš II Milutin
1514:Part of Zahumlje under
1322:who was an independent
558:) to the northwest and
410:: Захумље, Хум). It is
6021:Летопис Попа Дукљанина
5649:Omrčanin, Ivo (1984).
5588:Karbić, Damir (2004).
5519:. New York: Springer.
5498:. New York: Palgrave.
3985:Prva stoljeća Hrvatske
3783:dynasty that ruled in
3656:Paul I Šubić of Bribir
3466:Mihailo Vojislavljević
3265:Principality of Serbia
3246:Serbia 1804–1918
2991:7th–10th century
2962:Principality of Serbia
2246:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1911:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1828:, and belonged to the
1760:Bosnian regional lord
1739:
1619:Paul I Šubić of Bribir
1536:Orthodox bishop of Hum
1530:in 1219, he appointed
1519:
1452:
1367:
1201:
1175:Archbishopric of Split
1131:as well as an ally of
1129:Principality of Serbia
1112:
977:
969:
951:
695:History of Herzegovina
610:, Žapska, Gorička and
390:, at the mouth of the
332:Principality of Serbia
324:First Bulgarian Empire
308:Bosnia and Herzegovina
272:
253:Bosnia and Herzegovina
197:Principality of Serbia
6071:Gesta Regum Sclavorum
6031:Gesta Regum Sclavorum
5626:Norris, H.T. (1993).
5103:(in Serbo-Croatian).
3742:Stjepan Vukčić Kosača
3736:Sandalj Hranić Kosača
3694:Stjepan Kotromanic II
3664:Lord of all of Bosnia
3478:Vladimir II of Duklja
3322:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
3218:Habsburg-ruled Serbia
3196:Great Serb Migrations
3105:Prince Lazar's Serbia
3064:King Dragutin's realm
2545:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
2445:Republic of Dubrovnik
2382:Origins of the Croats
2204:Breakup of Yugoslavia
2173:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
2107:Sanjak of Herzegovina
1762:Stjepan Vukčić Kosača
1748:Sandalj Hranić Kosača
1728:
1719:Further information:
1690:Stephen Uroš IV Dušan
1682:Stjepan Kotromanić II
1676:River to the town of
1635:Lord of all of Bosnia
1608:Further information:
1542:Andrija Mirosavljević
1513:
1440:
1406:displeased with king
1365:
1238:Thomas the Archdeacon
1102:
975:
967:
946:Thomas the Archdeacon
926:
906:Thomas the Archdeacon
725:Sanjak of Herzegovina
6189:Vego, Marko (1982).
5559:G. H. Pertz (1846).
4256:Thomas of Split 2006
3791:, who died in 1932.
3624:Radoslav of Zahumlje
3610:Radoslav of Zahumlje
3538:To Hungary 1198–1199
3527:Berthold von Meran,
3472:Bodin Vojislavljević
3152:Ottoman-ruled Serbia
3001:around 969–976
2595:Contemporary Croatia
2123:Herzegovina Uprising
2064:Duchy of Herzegovina
2033:("zemlje"/counties:
1659:Constantine Nelipčić
1592:Radoslav of Zahumlje
1562:Toljen Mirosavljević
1554:Andrew II of Hungary
1528:archbishop of Serbia
1492:Andrew II of Hungary
1320:Ljutovid of Zahumlje
1255:, taking control of
1062:. In late 870s, the
1051:the Dalmatian cities
1039:Basil the Macedonian
741:Herzegovina Uprising
622:peninsula and faced
570:, where it bordered
466:improve this section
362:, from Proto-Slavic
153:• Conquered by
7218:Seven Slavic tribes
5965:Ostrogorsky, George
5183:. Paris: Dialogue.
5175:Bataković, Dušan T.
4168:Dvornik et al. 1962
4156:Dvornik et al. 1962
3940:Dvornik et al. 1962
3806:History of Dalmatia
3777:(Duke) of Zahumlije
3600:Union of Zachlumia:
3583:Coastal Zachlumia:
3544:, son of Miroslav,
3431:Michael of Zahumlje
3186:Habsburg occupation
3125:Despotate of Serbia
2925:Diocese of Pannonia
2606:War of independence
2551:Banovina of Croatia
2503:Kingdom of Dalmatia
2498:Kingdom of Slavonia
2450:Republic of Poljica
2372:Ostrogothic Kingdom
1940:Neolithic cultures:
1848:14th–15th centuries
1816:12th–13th centuries
1768:and styled himself
1705:House of Kotromanić
1670:Branivojević family
1500:Old Church Slavonic
1469:Béla III of Hungary
1446:Old Church Slavonic
1395:(r. 1148–1162) and
1187:Mihailo I of Duklja
1183:ecclesia Stagnensis
1117:Michael of Zahumlje
1095:Michael of Zahumlje
1079:Zdeslav Trpimirović
901:Historia Salonitana
883:Michael of Zahumlje
416:Old Church Slavonic
414:in Latin, Хлъмъ in
382:is named after the
143:• Established
7223:Southern Severians
5770:Samardžić, Radovan
5573:Rački, F. (1877).
5079:, p. 221-227.
4833:, p. 209-210.
4818:, p. 207-208.
4460:, p. 168–169.
4396:, p. 152-162.
4273:, p. 212–235.
4036:Povijest U Nastavi
3811:History of Croatia
3484:George I of Duklja
3363:Republic of Serbia
3255:Serbian Revolution
3095:Lordship of Prilep
3044:Grand Principality
2890:Dacia Mediterranea
2636:Croatia portal
2611:Croatia since 1995
2537:State of Slovenes,
2493:Kingdom of Illyria
2488:Illyrian Provinces
2473:Republic of Venice
2440:Union with Hungary
2435:Kingdom of Croatia
2115:Herzegovina Eyalet
2057:Bosansko Krajište
1740:
1582:Béla IV of Hungary
1520:
1465:Pope Alexander III
1453:
1428:Kingdom of Hungary
1408:Radoslav of Duklja
1368:
1340:Vojislav of Duklja
1301:Pope Benedict VIII
1113:
1105:Kingdom of Croatia
985:King of the Franks
978:
970:
733:Herzegovina Eyalet
336:Kingdom of Hungary
328:Kingdom of Croatia
287:[zǎxuːmʎe]
120:(last independent)
7451:
7450:
7417:
7416:
7413:
7412:
7344:Pannonian Dulebes
7196:
7195:
7006:
7005:
6565:
6564:
6457:
6456:
6453:
6452:
6383:
6382:
6272:Carpathian Croats
5956:978-0-8204-8135-7
5920:Vlasto, Alexis P.
5911:978-0-520-03608-6
5867:978-1-56324-033-1
5641:978-0-87249-977-5
5555:Chronicon Venetum
5029:978-0-472-02560-2
4220:Povijesni prilozi
4077:978-953-340-061-7
3816:History of Serbia
3754:from 1466 to 1481
3752:Vlatko Hercegović
3732:(again) 1409–1418
3666:from 1304 to 1312
3652:from 1299 to 1304
3574:, son of Toljen,
3427:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3389:Serbia portal
3374:
3373:
3370:
3313:Serbia since 1918
3303:
3302:
3295:Kingdom of Serbia
3275:Serbian Vojvodina
3236:
3235:
3208:Military Frontier
3133:
3132:
3054:Kingdom of Serbia
3005:
3004:
2997:Catepanate of Ras
2943:Early Middle Ages
2915:Diocese of Moesia
2840:Pannonia Inferior
2670:
2669:
2425:Southern Dalmatia
2314:
2313:
1941:
1784:to start calling
1736:Kingdom of Bosnia
1610:Kingdom of Bosnia
1526:became the first
1404:Manuel I Komnenos
1375:Vukan I of Serbia
1344:Constantine Bodin
1119:, an independent
1064:theme of Dalmatia
1060:Dalmatian Croatia
1036:Byzantine Emperor
1009:Dalmatian Croatia
912:who arrived from
840:Byzantine Emperor
802:
801:
630:Slavic settlement
502:
501:
494:
344:Kingdom of Bosnia
340:Kingdom of Serbia
258:
257:
240:
239:
236:
235:
216:
215:
121:
112:• 1039–1054
106:
16:(Redirected from
7486:
7335:Asia Minor Slavs
7318:
7317:
7251:
7210:Bulgarian tribes
7207:
7206:
7184:
7154:
7142:
7130:
7113:
7101:
7079:
7067:
7055:
7042:Bohemian Dulebes
7038:
6984:
6972:
6960:
6948:
6936:
6919:
6907:
6890:
6845:
6805:
6793:
6766:
6754:
6737:
6725:
6693:
6669:
6668:
6620:
6558:
6546:
6534:
6502:
6477:
6476:
6468:
6467:
6417:
6392:
6391:
6376:
6334:
6333:
6310:
6265:
6264:
6245:
6238:
6231:
6222:
6221:
6208:
6185:
6161:
6137:
6131:
6118:
6098:
6074:
6062:
6034:
6025:
6011:
5987:
5974:
5960:
5939:
5915:
5894:
5882:
5871:
5852:
5831:
5810:
5789:
5765:
5746:Runciman, Steven
5741:
5722:Runciman, Steven
5717:
5680:
5666:
5645:
5633:
5622:
5601:
5584:
5570:
5547:
5530:
5509:
5497:
5486:
5462:
5438:
5414:
5390:
5366:
5364:
5350:
5329:
5318:
5299:Moravcsik, Gyula
5294:
5270:
5246:
5220:
5194:
5161:
5156:
5150:
5144:
5135:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5119:
5113:
5098:
5089:
5080:
5074:
5068:
5062:
5056:
5050:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5013:
5007:
5004:
4991:
4985:
4979:
4973:
4967:
4961:
4952:
4946:
4940:
4934:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4898:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4874:
4865:
4859:
4846:
4840:
4834:
4828:
4819:
4813:
4807:
4801:
4790:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4766:
4765:, p. 52-54.
4760:
4751:
4750:
4745:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4707:
4706:, p. 20-21.
4701:
4692:
4686:
4665:
4659:
4650:
4644:
4625:
4619:
4613:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4577:
4576:, p. 42-43.
4571:
4562:
4556:
4547:
4541:
4532:
4526:
4517:
4511:
4505:
4499:
4488:
4482:
4473:
4467:
4461:
4455:
4449:
4443:
4437:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4403:
4397:
4391:
4382:
4376:
4370:
4364:
4355:
4349:
4330:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4289:
4283:
4274:
4268:
4259:
4258:, p. 60–61.
4253:
4244:
4243:, p. 32-33.
4238:
4232:
4231:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4159:
4153:
4147:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4115:
4109:
4108:, p. 10-11.
4103:
4097:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4080:, archived from
4054:
4048:
4047:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4007:
4001:. Archived from
3990:
3976:
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3943:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3885:
3879:
3878:, p. 39-61.
3873:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3836:
3454:Byzantine empire
3415:
3408:
3401:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3368:
3318:
3317:
3285:Serbia and Banat
3251:
3250:
3148:
3147:
3034:Theme of Sirmium
3020:
3019:
3015:High Middle Ages
2948:
2947:
2920:Diocese of Dacia
2910:Pannonia Secunda
2700:
2690:
2672:
2671:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2575:
2569:
2553:
2539:Croats and Serbs
2415:Duchy of Croatia
2377:Byzantine Empire
2344:
2334:
2316:
2315:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2265:
2262:Republika Srpska
2255:
2242:
2200:
2182:
2154:
2126:
2093:
2087:Ottoman conquest
2068:
2060:
2054:
2030:
2023:
2015:
2003:
2002:(before 10th c.)
1970:
1963:Glasinac culture
1953:
1939:
1921:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1772:and since 1450,
1643:Stephen Dragutin
1496:Miroslav Gospels
1432:Byzantine Empire
1397:Uroš II Prvoslav
1309:Pope Gregory VII
1242:Stephen Držislav
1230:Časlav of Serbia
1152:Byzantine Empire
1140:Peter Gojniković
1125:Croatian Kingdom
1109:Bulgarian Empire
1014:In 866, a major
949:
922:Stephen Držislav
867:Časlav of Serbia
811:Migration period
794:
787:
780:
766:
765:
764:
753:
745:
737:
729:
721:
712:
680:
679:
497:
490:
486:
483:
477:
446:
438:
408:Serbian Cyrillic
320:Byzantine Empire
306:(today parts of
289:
284:
280:
279:
232:
231:
220:
219:
211:Byzantine Empire
207:
193:
186:
185:
170:
169:
119:
104:
56:
47:9th century–1054
30:
29:
21:
7494:
7493:
7489:
7488:
7487:
7485:
7484:
7483:
7454:
7453:
7452:
7447:
7409:
7340:Pannonian Slavs
7312:
7254:
7245:
7192:
7178:
7162:
7148:
7136:
7124:
7107:
7095:
7073:
7061:
7049:
7032:
7020:Bohemian Croats
7002:
6978:
6966:
6954:
6942:
6930:
6913:
6901:
6884:
6868:
6839:
6808:
6799:
6787:
6760:
6748:
6731:
6719:
6687:
6664:Polabian tribes
6658:
6629:Silesian Croats
6614:
6604:Silesian tribes
6598:
6561:
6552:
6540:
6528:
6496:
6449:
6411:
6388:Northern tribes
6379:
6370:
6323:
6304:
6254:
6249:
6218:
6216:
6211:
6182:
6158:
6142:Živković, Tibor
6129:
6123:Živković, Tibor
6103:Živković, Tibor
6095:
6079:Živković, Tibor
6067:Живковић, Тибор
6059:
6039:Živković, Tibor
6008:
5957:
5936:
5912:
5898:Viator (1978).
5891:
5868:
5860:. M.E. Sharpe.
5849:
5828:
5807:
5786:
5762:
5738:
5698:10.2307/2854596
5663:
5642:
5619:
5596:(in Croatian).
5551:John the Deacon
5527:
5506:
5483:
5467:Fleming, Thomas
5459:
5435:
5411:
5387:
5347:
5315:
5301:, ed. (1967) .
5291:
5275:Thomas of Split
5267:
5191:
5169:
5164:
5157:
5153:
5145:
5138:
5130:
5126:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5096:
5091:
5090:
5083:
5075:
5071:
5063:
5059:
5051:
5044:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5014:
5010:
5005:
4994:
4986:
4982:
4974:
4970:
4962:
4955:
4947:
4943:
4935:
4928:
4919:
4917:
4899:
4895:
4887:
4883:
4875:
4868:
4860:
4849:
4841:
4837:
4829:
4822:
4814:
4810:
4802:
4793:
4785:
4781:
4773:
4769:
4761:
4754:
4726:
4722:
4714:
4710:
4702:
4695:
4687:
4668:
4660:
4653:
4645:
4628:
4620:
4616:
4608:
4604:
4596:
4592:
4584:
4580:
4574:Stephenson 2003
4572:
4565:
4557:
4550:
4542:
4535:
4527:
4520:
4512:
4508:
4500:
4491:
4483:
4476:
4468:
4464:
4456:
4452:
4444:
4440:
4432:
4428:
4420:
4416:
4404:
4400:
4392:
4385:
4377:
4373:
4365:
4358:
4350:
4333:
4325:
4321:
4313:
4292:
4284:
4277:
4269:
4262:
4254:
4247:
4239:
4235:
4222:(in Croatian).
4212:
4208:
4200:
4196:
4178:
4174:
4166:
4162:
4154:
4150:
4142:
4138:
4119:Živković, Tibor
4116:
4112:
4104:
4100:
4087:
4085:
4078:
4055:
4051:
4038:(in Croatian),
4028:
4024:
4011:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3988:
3977:
3973:
3965:
3961:
3953:
3946:
3938:
3934:
3926:
3922:
3914:
3910:
3902:
3898:
3886:
3882:
3874:
3870:
3862:
3858:
3850:
3846:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3797:
3781:Petrović-Njegoš
3761:
3552:of the city of
3515:Miroslav of Hum
3496:Miroslav of Hum
3441:King of Croatia
3419:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3357:1992–2006
3347:1944–1992
3337:1941–1944
3333:Axis occupation
3327:
3326:1918–1941
3315:
3305:
3304:
3299:1882–1918
3289:1849–1860
3279:1848–1849
3269:1815–1882
3259:1804–1815
3248:
3238:
3237:
3232:1788–1791
3228:Koča's frontier
3222:1718–1739
3212:1702–1882
3202:1737–1739
3201:
3190:1686–1699
3180:16th–17th
3170:1526–1530
3166:Radoslav Čelnik
3156:1459–1804
3145:
3135:
3134:
3129:1402–1537
3119:1371–1412
3109:1371–1402
3099:1371–1395
3089:1346–1371
3086:
3068:1282–1325
3058:1217–1346
3048:1071–1217
3038:1018–1071
3017:
3007:
3006:
2988:
2945:
2935:
2934:
2880:
2870:
2869:
2865:Dacia Aureliana
2855:Moesia Superior
2825:
2815:
2814:
2775:
2765:
2764:
2735:
2725:
2724:
2710:
2688:
2681:
2666:
2630:
2628:
2616:
2615:
2596:
2588:
2587:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2556:
2549:
2541:
2538:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2468:Ottoman Croatia
2463:
2455:
2454:
2430:March of Istria
2405:
2397:
2396:
2352:
2332:
2325:
2310:
2274:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2250:
2232:
2231:
2219:
2209:
2208:
2194:
2193:
2176:
2175:
2168:
2158:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2130:
2129:
2100:
2099:
2091:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2021:
2013:
2001:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1960:
1959:
1957:Illyrian period
1943:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1910:
1903:
1888:
1850:
1818:
1813:
1723:
1717:
1616:
1606:
1550:Stefan Nemanjić
1508:
1477:Rastko Nemanjić
1450:Miroslav of Hum
1442:Miroslav Gospel
1360:
1330:protospatharios
1293:
1226:
1210:and patrician (
1142:, the ruler of
1097:
1091:
1043:Niketas Oryphas
962:
956:
950:
944:
916:and settled in
895:Francis Dvornik
813:
807:
798:
762:
760:
751:
743:
735:
727:
719:
710:
689:
678:
632:
542:, the towns of
498:
487:
481:
478:
463:
447:
436:
428:terra de Chelmo
384:mountain of Hum
378:. South Slavic
356:
282:
251:
229:
157:
144:
113:
98:
97:• 910–935
59:
42:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7492:
7482:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7449:
7448:
7446:
7445:
7442:
7436:
7429:
7422:
7419:
7418:
7415:
7414:
7411:
7410:
7408:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7337:
7332:
7321:
7314:
7313:
7311:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7280:
7275:
7269:
7267:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7252:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7213:
7211:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7194:
7193:
7191:
7190:
7185:
7172:
7170:
7164:
7163:
7161:
7160:
7155:
7143:
7131:
7119:
7114:
7102:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7068:
7056:
7044:
7039:
7027:
7022:
7016:
7014:
7008:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7001:
7000:
6990:
6985:
6973:
6961:
6949:
6937:
6925:
6920:
6908:
6896:
6891:
6878:
6876:
6870:
6869:
6867:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6818:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6807:
6806:
6794:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6755:
6743:
6738:
6726:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6681:
6679:
6666:
6660:
6659:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6608:
6606:
6600:
6599:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6575:
6573:
6567:
6566:
6563:
6562:
6560:
6559:
6547:
6535:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6491:
6486:
6480:
6474:
6465:
6459:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6424:
6418:
6406:
6395:
6389:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6349:
6348:
6337:
6331:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6268:
6262:
6256:
6255:
6248:
6247:
6240:
6233:
6225:
6215:
6214:External links
6212:
6210:
6209:
6186:
6180:
6162:
6156:
6138:
6119:
6099:
6093:
6075:
6063:
6057:
6035:
6026:
6018:, ed. (1928).
6012:
6006:
5988:
5975:
5961:
5955:
5949:. Peter Lang.
5940:
5934:
5916:
5910:
5895:
5889:
5872:
5866:
5853:
5847:
5832:
5826:
5811:
5805:
5790:
5784:
5766:
5760:
5742:
5736:
5718:
5692:(2): 212–235.
5681:
5667:
5661:
5646:
5640:
5623:
5617:
5602:
5585:
5569:on 2011-07-19.
5548:
5531:
5525:
5510:
5504:
5487:
5481:
5463:
5457:
5439:
5433:
5415:
5409:
5391:
5385:
5367:
5351:
5345:
5330:
5319:
5313:
5295:
5289:
5271:
5265:
5251:Ćirković, Sima
5247:
5225:Ćirković, Sima
5221:
5199:Ćirković, Sima
5195:
5189:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5162:
5151:
5149:, p. 111.
5136:
5134:, p. 258.
5124:
5081:
5069:
5065:Velikonja 2003
5057:
5042:
5028:
5008:
4992:
4990:, p. 272.
4988:Ćirković 1964a
4980:
4968:
4966:, p. 578.
4953:
4951:, p. 106.
4949:Ćirković 1964a
4941:
4926:
4893:
4891:, p. 555.
4881:
4879:, p. 267.
4866:
4864:, p. 266.
4847:
4835:
4820:
4808:
4806:, p. 203.
4791:
4789:, p. 107.
4779:
4767:
4752:
4720:
4708:
4693:
4691:, p. 102.
4666:
4664:, p. 114.
4651:
4649:, p. 101.
4626:
4614:
4612:, p. 231.
4602:
4600:, p. 223.
4590:
4588:, p. 572.
4578:
4563:
4561:, p. 172.
4548:
4546:, p. 331.
4533:
4531:, p. 170.
4518:
4516:, p. 274.
4506:
4504:, p. 169.
4489:
4487:, p. 160.
4474:
4462:
4450:
4448:, p. 168.
4438:
4426:
4424:, p. 209.
4414:
4398:
4394:Moravcsik 1967
4383:
4371:
4369:, p. 149.
4356:
4354:, p. 258.
4331:
4319:
4317:, p. 257.
4290:
4288:, p. 253.
4275:
4260:
4245:
4233:
4206:
4194:
4172:
4170:, p. 139.
4160:
4148:
4136:
4110:
4098:
4076:
4049:
4022:
3997:
3971:
3959:
3944:
3932:
3920:
3908:
3896:
3880:
3868:
3856:
3852:Moravcsik 1967
3844:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3796:
3793:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3755:
3749:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3677:
3667:
3660:Ban of Croatia
3653:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3621:
3607:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3569:
3557:
3539:
3536:
3518:
3512:
3510:Stefan Nemanja
3499:
3493:
3487:
3481:
3475:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3450:
3444:
3434:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3371:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3316:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3249:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3233:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2895:Dacia Ripensis
2892:
2887:
2881:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2625:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2578:
2577:
2564:
2562:
2555:
2554:
2547:
2542:
2535:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2420:Lower Pannonia
2417:
2412:
2410:Avar Khaganate
2406:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2367:Roman Dalmatia
2364:
2362:Roman Pannonia
2359:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2337:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2269:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2248:
2243:
2239:Western Bosnia
2226:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2191:SFR Yugoslavia
2188:
2183:
2179:Drina Banovina
2169:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2151:Bosnian crisis
2141:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2121:(1867-1908) /
2119:Bosnia Vilayet
2117:(1833–1851) /
2109:(1481–1833) /
2094:
2089:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2061:
2055:
2016:
2014:(~9th–14th c.)
2004:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:Roman Pannonia
1976:
1974:Roman Dalmatia
1971:
1954:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1914:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1887:
1886:List of rulers
1884:
1854:Bosnian Church
1849:
1846:
1844:and Orthodox.
1830:Eastern Church
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1716:
1713:
1633:. Paul became
1627:Gvozd Mountain
1605:
1602:
1507:
1504:
1412:Stefan Nemanja
1359:
1356:
1348:Vojislavljević
1311:from 1076 (as
1305:regno Lachomis
1292:
1289:
1249:Jovan Vladimir
1225:
1222:
1090:
1087:
1047:Byzantine navy
955:
952:
942:
930:
929:
875:Tibor Živković
829:Constantinople
806:
803:
800:
799:
797:
796:
789:
782:
774:
771:
770:
757:
756:
755:
754:
746:
738:
730:
722:
718:(Herzegovina)
713:
698:
697:
691:
690:
683:
677:
674:
631:
628:
500:
499:
450:
448:
441:
435:
432:
404:Serbo-Croatian
355:
352:
348:Ottoman Empire
269:Serbo-Croatian
256:
255:
246:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
233:
226:
217:
214:
213:
208:
200:
199:
194:
182:
181:
176:
166:
165:
162:
161:
158:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
123:
122:
114:
111:
108:
107:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
44:
43:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7491:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7461:
7459:
7443:
7441:
7437:
7434:
7431:= supposedly
7430:
7427:
7424:
7423:
7420:
7406:
7405:Praedenecenti
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7345:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7330:
7326:
7323:
7322:
7319:
7315:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7266:
7262:
7257:
7249:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:Union of the
7215:
7214:
7212:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7199:
7189:
7186:
7182:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7168:Slovak tribes
7165:
7159:
7156:
7152:
7147:
7144:
7140:
7135:
7132:
7128:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7111:
7106:
7103:
7099:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7077:
7072:
7069:
7065:
7060:
7057:
7053:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7036:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7017:
7015:
7013:
7009:
6998:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6982:
6977:
6974:
6970:
6965:
6962:
6958:
6953:
6950:
6946:
6941:
6938:
6934:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6917:
6912:
6909:
6905:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6888:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6875:
6871:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6843:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6817:
6815:
6811:
6803:
6798:
6795:
6791:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6764:
6759:
6756:
6752:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6735:
6730:
6727:
6723:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6691:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6674:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6661:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6618:
6613:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6605:
6601:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6574:
6572:
6568:
6556:
6551:
6548:
6544:
6539:
6536:
6532:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6500:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6481:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6472:Polish tribes
6469:
6466:
6464:
6460:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6428:
6425:
6422:
6419:
6415:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6386:
6374:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6326:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6308:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6257:
6253:
6246:
6241:
6239:
6234:
6232:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6219:
6206:
6202:
6198:
6194:
6193:
6187:
6183:
6181:953-6045-03-6
6177:
6173:
6172:
6167:
6166:Malcolm, Noel
6163:
6159:
6157:9788677431044
6153:
6149:
6148:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6096:
6094:9788675585732
6090:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6058:9788617137548
6054:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6040:
6036:
6032:
6027:
6023:
6022:
6017:
6013:
6009:
6007:9788639901042
6003:
5999:
5998:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5976:
5972:
5971:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5952:
5948:
5947:
5941:
5937:
5935:9780521074599
5931:
5927:
5926:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5907:
5903:
5902:
5896:
5892:
5890:9781585442263
5886:
5881:
5880:
5873:
5869:
5863:
5859:
5854:
5850:
5848:9780521770170
5844:
5840:
5839:
5833:
5829:
5827:9780521815307
5823:
5819:
5818:
5812:
5808:
5806:9780295800646
5802:
5798:
5797:
5791:
5787:
5785:9788675830153
5781:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5767:
5763:
5761:9780521357227
5757:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5737:9780521289269
5733:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5699:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5682:
5679:. Beč: Klemm.
5678:
5677:
5672:
5671:Rački, Franjo
5668:
5664:
5662:9780805928938
5658:
5654:
5653:
5647:
5643:
5637:
5632:
5631:
5624:
5620:
5618:9780674035195
5614:
5610:
5609:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5586:
5583:(no. 197.1 ).
5582:
5578:
5577:
5568:
5564:
5563:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5532:
5528:
5526:9783319562063
5522:
5518:
5517:
5511:
5507:
5505:9780312217365
5501:
5496:
5495:
5488:
5484:
5482:9780961936495
5478:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5454:
5450:
5449:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5430:
5426:
5425:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5406:
5402:
5401:
5396:
5392:
5388:
5386:9780914710035
5382:
5378:
5377:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5362:
5356:
5355:Curta, Florin
5352:
5348:
5346:9781000893434
5342:
5338:
5337:
5331:
5327:
5326:
5320:
5316:
5314:9780884020219
5310:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5290:9789637326592
5286:
5282:
5281:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5266:9780631204718
5262:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5231:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5205:
5200:
5196:
5192:
5190:9782911527104
5186:
5182:
5181:
5176:
5172:
5171:
5160:
5155:
5148:
5147:Runciman 1982
5143:
5141:
5133:
5128:
5114:on 2011-07-21
5110:
5106:
5102:
5094:
5088:
5086:
5078:
5073:
5067:, p. 38.
5066:
5061:
5055:, p. 20.
5054:
5049:
5047:
5031:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5012:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4989:
4984:
4977:
4972:
4965:
4960:
4958:
4950:
4945:
4939:, p. 48.
4938:
4933:
4931:
4916:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4885:
4878:
4873:
4871:
4863:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4852:
4845:, p. 17.
4844:
4839:
4832:
4827:
4825:
4817:
4812:
4805:
4800:
4798:
4796:
4788:
4787:Runciman 1982
4783:
4777:, p. 37.
4776:
4775:Ćirković 2004
4771:
4764:
4759:
4757:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4724:
4718:, p. 19.
4717:
4716:Ćirković 2004
4712:
4705:
4700:
4698:
4690:
4689:Runciman 1982
4685:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4663:
4658:
4656:
4648:
4647:Runciman 1982
4643:
4641:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4623:
4618:
4611:
4606:
4599:
4594:
4587:
4582:
4575:
4570:
4568:
4560:
4555:
4553:
4545:
4540:
4538:
4530:
4525:
4523:
4515:
4510:
4503:
4498:
4496:
4494:
4486:
4481:
4479:
4472:, p. 24.
4471:
4470:Omrčanin 1984
4466:
4459:
4454:
4447:
4442:
4436:, p. 17.
4435:
4434:Ćirković 2004
4430:
4423:
4418:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4395:
4390:
4388:
4381:, p. 18.
4380:
4379:Ćirković 2004
4375:
4368:
4363:
4361:
4353:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4329:, p. 24.
4328:
4323:
4316:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4287:
4282:
4280:
4272:
4267:
4265:
4257:
4252:
4250:
4242:
4237:
4230:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4210:
4204:, p. 75.
4203:
4202:Živković 2006
4198:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4164:
4157:
4152:
4146:, p. 60.
4145:
4144:Živković 2006
4140:
4133:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4114:
4107:
4102:
4095:
4084:on 2022-10-03
4083:
4079:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4053:
4046:
4042:(11): 67–76,
4041:
4037:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4008:on 2019-05-04
4004:
4000:
3998:953-169-032-4
3994:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3975:
3968:
3967:Živković 2006
3963:
3956:
3951:
3949:
3941:
3936:
3930:, p. 12.
3929:
3928:Ćirković 2004
3924:
3918:, p. 25.
3917:
3912:
3906:, p. 19.
3905:
3900:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3877:
3876:Janković 2004
3872:
3865:
3864:Hupchick 2002
3860:
3853:
3848:
3841:
3835:
3831:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3776:
3770:
3766:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3521:Toljen of Hum
3519:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3416:
3411:
3409:
3404:
3402:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3380:
3379:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3308:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:Duklja (Zeta)
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2956:around 600 AD
2955:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2938:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2769:
2768:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2637:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2387:White Croatia
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2351:Early history
2348:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2307:
2302:
2300:
2295:
2293:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2271:
2270:
2263:
2254:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2235:Herzeg-Bosnia
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2152:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2133:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2113:(1580-1867),
2112:
2111:Bosnia Eyalet
2108:
2105:(1463–1580),
2104:
2103:Bosnia Sanjak
2098:
2095:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2062:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2027:
2020:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:Early history
1925:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1808:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1786:Humska zemlja
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1668:By 1325, the
1666:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1631:Neretva mouth
1629:to the river
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1614:Humska zemlja
1611:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1560:, the son of
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1517:
1512:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1473:Prince of Hum
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1390:Grand Princes
1387:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1364:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1313:regno Zaculmi
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
974:
966:
961:
947:
941:
939:
935:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
902:
896:
892:
888:
884:
881:ancestors of
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
841:
836:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
812:
795:
790:
788:
783:
781:
776:
775:
773:
772:
769:
759:
758:
750:
747:
742:
739:
734:
731:
726:
723:
717:
716:Humska zemlja
714:
711:(9th–14th c.)
709:
705:
702:
701:
700:
699:
696:
693:
692:
687:
682:
681:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
646:
641:
637:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
568:Gatačko polje
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
524:
518:
516:
514:
508:
507:
496:
493:
485:
482:December 2023
475:
471:
467:
461:
460:
456:
451:This section
449:
445:
440:
439:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:
367:
366:
361:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
302:and southern
301:
297:
293:
288:
274:
270:
266:
262:
254:
250:
247:
245:Today part of
243:
227:
225:
222:
221:
218:
212:
209:
206:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
175:
172:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:
150:
146:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
118:
115:
109:
105:(first known)
103:
100:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
55:
50:
45:
41:
31:
19:
7425:
7380:Diokletlians
7364:
7329:Carantanians
7325:Alpine Slavs
7273:Drougoubitai
7012:Czech tribes
6319:Bolokhovians
6217:
6196:
6191:
6170:
6146:
6133:
6114:
6110:
6083:
6070:
6048:
6043:
6030:
6020:
6016:Шишић, Фердо
5996:
5983:
5979:
5969:
5945:
5924:
5900:
5878:
5857:
5837:
5816:
5795:
5774:
5750:
5726:
5689:
5685:
5675:
5655:. Dorrance.
5651:
5629:
5607:
5597:
5593:
5575:
5567:the original
5561:
5554:
5543:
5539:
5515:
5493:
5471:
5447:
5423:
5399:
5375:
5360:
5335:
5324:
5303:
5279:
5255:
5234:
5229:
5208:
5203:
5179:
5167:Bibliography
5154:
5127:
5116:. Retrieved
5109:the original
5104:
5100:
5072:
5060:
5033:. Retrieved
5018:
5011:
4983:
4971:
4944:
4918:. Retrieved
4906:
4896:
4884:
4838:
4811:
4782:
4770:
4747:
4733:
4723:
4711:
4624:, p. 3.
4617:
4605:
4593:
4581:
4509:
4465:
4453:
4441:
4429:
4417:
4409:
4401:
4374:
4322:
4236:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4209:
4197:
4189:
4185:
4175:
4163:
4151:
4139:
4130:
4126:
4113:
4106:Malcolm 1995
4101:
4092:
4086:, retrieved
4082:the original
4067:
4062:
4058:Budak, Neven
4052:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4025:
4016:
4010:. Retrieved
4003:the original
3984:
3980:Budak, Neven
3974:
3962:
3935:
3923:
3911:
3899:
3888:
3883:
3871:
3859:
3847:
3839:
3834:
3772:
3762:
3673:
3164: /
3143:Early Modern
2973:
2952:White Serbia
2905:Praevalitana
2885:Moesia Prima
2601:Independence
2560:World War II
2525:20th century
2392:White Croats
2217:Contemporary
2186:World War II
2145:Habsburg era
2138:Habsburg era
2125:(1875–1877))
2022:(~1154–1377)
1867:
1857:
1851:
1834:Great Schism
1819:
1811:Demographics
1802:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1752:
1741:
1729:
1715:15th century
1702:
1667:
1663:Šubić family
1617:
1604:14th century
1590:
1540:
1521:
1506:13th century
1489:
1485:Bijelo Polje
1472:
1454:
1401:
1389:
1382:
1369:
1358:12th century
1337:
1327:
1317:
1312:
1304:
1294:
1291:11th century
1261:Krešimir III
1246:
1233:
1227:
1211:
1205:
1191:
1182:
1178:
1170:
1158:
1156:
1144:inner Serbia
1137:
1121:South Slavic
1114:
1089:10th century
1073:In 879, the
1072:
1013:
1004:
979:
937:
936:
932:
931:
909:
899:
887:White Croats
871:Noel Malcolm
863:White Serbia
854:
837:
814:
703:
643:
640:Thessalonica
633:
626:northwards.
521:
519:
510:
504:
503:
488:
479:
464:Please help
452:
427:
423:
419:
411:
399:
395:
379:
375:
369:
363:
359:
357:
316:South Slavic
291:
264:
260:
259:
179:Succeeded by
178:
173:
68:Christianity
39:
7433:Finno-Ugric
7400:Branichevci
7365:Zachlumians
7298:Belegezites
7246: [
7233:Strymonites
7202:South Slavs
7179: [
7149: [
7137: [
7125: [
7108: [
7096: [
7074: [
7062: [
7050: [
7033: [
6997:White Serbs
6979: [
6967: [
6955: [
6943: [
6931: [
6914: [
6902: [
6885: [
6840: [
6800: [
6788: [
6761: [
6749: [
6732: [
6720: [
6707:Tollensians
6688: [
6615: [
6594:Slovincians
6571:Pomeranians
6553: [
6541: [
6529: [
6497: [
6412: [
6371: [
6363:Dregoviches
6305: [
6136:(1): 33–53.
5992:Klaić, Nada
4889:Zlatar 2007
4843:Karbić 2004
4586:Zlatar 2007
4422:Vlasto 1970
4327:Norris 1993
3650:Bosnian Ban
3606:, 1239–1250
3456:: 1018–1039
3367:2006–
3162:Jovan Nenad
2823:Early Roman
2740:Paleolithic
2687:History of
2531:World War I
2404:Middle Ages
2331:History of
2229:Bosnian War
2097:Ottoman era
2080:Ottoman era
2067:(1463–1482)
2059:(1451-1463)
2043:Donji Kraji
2029:(1377-1463)
1992:Middle Ages
1798:Herzegovina
1796:s land(s) (
1738:around 1412
1721:Herzegovina
1328:"Ljutovit,
1163:Pope John X
1018:raid along
1001:South Slavs
981:Charlemagne
954:9th century
891:White Serbs
805:7th century
744:(1875–1877)
736:(1833–1851)
720:(1463–1482)
636:Justinian I
602:, Dubrava,
528:Red Croatia
374:), meaning
300:Herzegovina
174:Preceded by
147:9th century
7458:Categories
7370:Travunians
7360:Narentines
7308:Rhynchinoi
7293:Baiounitai
7146:Lupiglians
7134:Domazhlici
7105:Sedlichans
7059:Litomerici
6964:Neletiches
6894:Glomatians
6729:Neletyches
6717:Morzyczans
6702:Kessinians
6697:Circipania
6634:Dadosesani
6579:Kashubians
6516:Sieradzans
6463:West Slavs
6346:Volhynians
6260:East Slavs
6117:: 117–131.
5986:: 221–227.
5458:0472025600
5434:0472082604
5410:0472081497
5118:2011-02-18
5101:Građevinar
5077:Тошић 2005
4920:2012-07-09
4559:Dzino 2023
4544:Шишић 1928
4529:Dzino 2023
4502:Dzino 2023
4458:Dzino 2023
4446:Dzino 2023
4226:(54): 14.
4088:2020-12-27
4018:Dalmaciji.
4012:2019-05-04
3955:Curta 2006
3887:J B Bury,
3822:References
3785:Montenegro
3746:Saint Sava
3720:1398– 1404
3688:Kotromanić
3556:1222–1225.
3115:Vuk's Land
2978:Narentines
2878:Late Roman
2785:Autariatae
2755:Bronze Age
2745:Mesolithic
2733:Prehistory
2708:By century
2233:(defunct:
2166:Yugoslavia
1936:Prehistory
1909:History of
1832:after the
1481:Lim region
1207:anthypatos
1093:See also:
1068:Dyrrachium
993:West Slavs
958:See also:
819:and their
809:See also:
592:zhupanates
283:pronounced
74:Government
7395:Timochans
7375:Kanalites
7355:Guduscani
7288:Sagudates
7265:Macedonia
7158:Znetalici
7083:Moravians
6940:Zhirmunts
6911:Lusatians
6899:Koledices
6874:Lusatians
6864:Polabians
6849:Smeldingi
6822:Bethenici
6814:Obotrites
6746:Redariers
6654:Silesians
6639:Golensizi
6612:Bezunzans
6589:Wolinians
6526:Kujawians
6521:Vistulans
6506:Masovians
6494:Lubuszans
6404:Polochans
6368:Narevyans
6353:Drevlians
6302:Don Slavs
6282:Severians
6277:Radimichs
6205:461824314
6125:(2013a).
5714:163300685
5421:(1994) .
5397:(1991) .
5256:The Serbs
5243:494551997
5201:(1964a).
5132:Fine 1994
5053:Fine 1994
4976:Vego 1982
4964:Fine 1994
4937:Vego 1982
4915:1330-0474
4877:Fine 1994
4862:Fine 1994
4831:Fine 1994
4816:Fine 1994
4804:Fine 1994
4763:Fine 1994
4736:(2): 66.
4704:Fine 1994
4662:Fine 1975
4622:Fine 1994
4610:Fine 1991
4598:Fine 1991
4514:Fine 1991
4485:Fine 1991
4406:Fine 2005
4367:Fine 1991
4352:Fine 1991
4315:Fine 1991
4286:Fine 1991
4271:Ross 1945
4241:Fine 1991
3916:Fine 1991
3904:Fine 1994
3827:Footnotes
3726:1404–1409
3714:1395–1398
3708:1391–1395
3676:1312–1322
3642:1280–1299
3640:Bogdan II
3636:1268–1280
3630:1252–1268
3572:Toljen II
2974:Zachlumia
2830:Illyricum
2805:Scordisci
2780:Illyrians
2773:Pre-Roman
2750:Neolithic
2462:Modernity
2011:Zachumlia
1868:Hum lands
1842:Catholics
1734:s in the
1655:Mladen II
1647:Nevesinje
1586:Lim River
1558:Toljen II
1420:Ban Kulin
1213:patrikios
1169:, "king (
1032:Dubrovnik
843:Heraclius
704:Zachlumia
666:Illyricum
564:Kalinovik
548:Glumainik
544:Mokriskik
513:Heraclius
453:does not
434:Geography
420:Chelmania
412:Zachlumia
354:Etymology
265:Zachumlia
261:Zachlumia
64:Religion
18:Zachumlia
7390:Moravens
7283:Melingoi
7278:Ezeritai
7243:Milcovci
7228:Smolyani
7176:Nitrians
7093:Pshovans
7088:Merehani
6976:Nizhices
6952:Zhitices
6882:Khutices
6770:Sprevane
6624:Bobrzans
6584:Prissani
6550:Thafnezi
6538:Wiercans
6489:Lendians
6435:Slovenes
6427:Smolensk
6399:Krivichs
6314:Zeriuani
6297:Vyatichi
6287:Tivertsi
6168:(1995).
6105:(2010).
6081:(2008).
6069:(2009).
6041:(2006).
5994:(1989).
5967:(1956).
5922:(1970).
5748:(1988).
5724:(1982).
5686:Speculum
5673:(1861).
5546:: 39–61.
5469:(2002).
5445:(2005).
5373:(1975).
5357:(2006).
5253:(2004).
5227:(1964).
5177:(1996).
4121:(2001).
4060:(2018),
3982:(1994).
3891:, Vol 2
3795:See also
3634:George I
3628:George I
3618:George I
3614:Bogdan I
3529:Margrave
3460:Ljutovid
3452:Part of
3447:Dragimir
3200:1690 and
2970:Travunia
2900:Dardania
2845:Dalmatia
2835:Pannonia
2795:Triballi
2760:Iron Age
2678:a series
2676:Part of
2622:Timeline
2322:a series
2320:Part of
2051:Podrinje
2007:Travunia
1900:a series
1898:Part of
1864:Trebinje
1782:Ottomans
1709:Tvrtko I
1698:Pelješac
1570:Radoslav
1416:Miroslav
1383:Lord of
1253:Dalmatia
1202:Sipontum
1167:Tomislav
1148:Simeon I
1133:Bulgaria
1107:and the
1083:Branimir
1020:Dalmatia
943:—
910:Lingones
708:Travunia
686:a series
684:Part of
658:Dalmatia
645:Sclaveni
620:Pelješac
580:Ljubinje
572:Travunia
566:and the
552:Dalmatia
396:Zahumlje
380:Zahumlje
304:Dalmatia
296:medieval
294:, was a
290:), also
273:Zahumlje
117:Ljutovid
78:Monarchy
40:Zahumlje
7440:Silings
7303:Berziti
7238:Moratsi
7188:Slovaks
7117:Zlicans
7071:Luchans
7030:Dechans
6988:Nishans
6928:Suslowi
6923:Milceni
6859:Warnabi
6827:Drevani
6797:Zemcici
6785:Zamcici
6775:Hevelli
6758:Rechans
6685:Brizans
6649:Selpoli
6644:Opolans
6484:Goplans
6409:Pskov's
6358:Polans
6341:Buzhans
6329:Dulebes
5706:2854596
5217:4864621
5035:21 July
3775:Voivode
3767:of the
3712:Helen I
3690:in 1338
3604:Andrija
3587:Andrija
3506:Nemanja
3443:969–997
3369:present
2810:Dacians
2790:Dardani
2333:Croatia
2026:Kingdom
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1794:Herceg'
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1385:Ribnica
1371:Kočapar
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1194:Siponto
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7261:Greece
7047:Lemuzi
7025:Czechs
6837:Reregs
6832:Linons
6780:Ukrani
6741:Rujani
6712:Doxani
6677:Lutici
6673:Veleti
6511:Polans
6445:Muroma
6292:Ulichs
6203:
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3759:Legacy
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3684:Prince
3680:Nikola
3533:Istria
3502:Rastko
3077:Empire
2986:Bosnia
2966:Duklja
2850:Moesia
2689:Serbia
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2324:on the
2019:Banate
1950:Butmir
1946:Kakanj
1902:on the
1826:Vlachs
1824:, and
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365:*xŭlmŭ
224:Duklja
155:Duklja
133:
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7426:Notes
7385:Serbs
7250:]
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3554:Split
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3542:Petar
2982:Raška
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2800:Moesi
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1269:Split
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1198:Latin
1028:Kotor
1024:Budva
997:Avars
847:Serbs
817:Avars
650:Antes
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584:Dabar
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536:Ošlje
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6089:ISBN
6053:ISBN
6002:ISBN
5951:ISBN
5930:ISBN
5906:ISBN
5885:ISBN
5862:ISBN
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5285:ISBN
5261:ISBN
5239:OCLC
5213:OCLC
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4911:ISSN
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3993:ISBN
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398:or
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