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Pre-Hispanic
Xochimilco was an island connected to the mainland by three causeways. One of these still exists in the form of Avenida Guadalupe I.Ramirez, one of the city’s main streets. This causeway led to the main ceremonial center of the town, which was called the Quilaztli. The Spanish destroyed
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The
Xochimilcas were farmers and founded their first dominion under a leader named Acatonallo. He is credited for inventing the chinampa system of agriculture in order to increase production. These chinampas eventually became the main producer with crops such as corn, beans,
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for help. The conquest was unsuccessful, but
Xochimilco was then forced to pay tribute to Azcapotzalco. Tenochtitlan succeeded in conquering Xochimilco in 1430, while it was ruled by Tzalpoyotzin. Shortly thereafter, Aztec emperor
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decided to send armies to subdue
Xochimilco before taking Tenochtitlan. This occurred in 1521. During the battle, Cortés was almost killed when he fell off his horse, but he was saved by a soldier named Cristóbal de Olea.
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The first human presence in the area was of hunter gatherers, who eventually settled into farming communities. The first settlements in the
Xochimilco area were associated with the
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442:. Although no longer an island, the city center is still in the same spot. In 1376, Tenochtitlan attacked Xochimilco, forcing the city to appeal to
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of this group and historically referred to both interchangebly. The city was founded around 900 AD. It grew to become an important city in the
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in the pre-Hispanic period. She is credited with adding a number of distinctive dishes to the area’s cuisine, with inclusions such as
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imposed a new governor, Omácatl, onto
Xochimilco due to the arrival of the Spanish, but this governor was forced to return to
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moved the city from the mainland to the island of Tlilan. In this respect it was like another island city in the area,
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The battle was fierce and left few
Xochimilca warriors alive. According to legend, it was after this battle that
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was founded in 919. Over time, it grew and began to dominate other areas on the south side of the lakes such as
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came to
Xochimilco and planted a juniper tree in the San Juan neighborhood to commemorate the event.
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and means “flower field.” This referred to the many flowers and other crops that were grown here on
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or calzada that would connect the two cities over the lake. During the reign of
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Diaz, B., 1963, The
Conquest of New Spain, London: Penguin Books,
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the
Quilaztli during the Conquest, and replaced it with the
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299:region. At the same time it was the name of the
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106:Learn how and when to remove this message
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163:showing the location of lake Xochimilco.
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564:in 1521 and remained such until 1541.
232:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
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291:was the most important city of the
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554:first twelve Franciscans in Mexico
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531:San Bernardino de Siena Church
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599:The Nahuas After the Conquest
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579:Aztec Triple Alliance
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177:Common languages
544:After the Conquest,
500:Moctezuma Xocoyotzin
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423:with chili pepper),
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220:• Established
159:at the time of the
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393:city of Xochimilco
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562:Pedro de Alvarado
513:For this reason,
361:Xochimilca people
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504:Tenochtitlan
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309:Tenochtitlan
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253:Succeeded by
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38:Please help
33:verification
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633:Aztec sites
493:Lake Chalco
489:Chalco/Xico
467:such as in
413:Mesoamerica
297:Mesoamerica
128:c. 900–1521
96:August 2016
615:0140441239
597:Lockhart.
585:References
574:Xochimilco
558:encomienda
523:Cuauhtémoc
508:Cuitláhuac
477:Metztitlán
451:built the
436:Caxtoltzin
417:necuatolli
377:Cihuacoatl
289:Xochimilco
197:Government
172:Xochimilco
122:Xochimilco
66:newspapers
429:tlapiques
405:Culhuacan
369:Cuahilama
345:Cuicuilco
325:chinampas
315:Etymology
266:New Spain
187:Religion
627:Category
568:See also
539:mestizos
535:criollos
485:Ahuizotl
475:and the
453:causeway
449:Itzcoatl
425:esquites
373:Chantico
353:Tlatilco
301:altepetl
200:Monarchy
473:Xalisco
401:Tláhuac
397:Mixquic
381:Amimitl
349:Copilco
331:History
321:Nahuatl
230:•
169:Capital
80:scholar
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359:. The
224:c. 900
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421:atole
87:JSTOR
73:books
611:ISBN
537:and
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237:1521
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