453:
45:
435:
495:
218:
difficulties faced by parents. The
Convention supports the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including slavery, forced labour and trafficking in human beings. It prohibits the use of children in armed conflicts, prostitution and pornography, illegal activities such as drug trafficking and dangerous work. According to the ILO, the proportion of child labour fell by almost 40 percent between 2000 and 2016 as the ratification rate increased and countries passed laws and policies, including the minimum age of employment.
262:
297:
330:
466:
513:
355:
406:
417:
339:
273:
366:
382:
444:
531:
504:
306:
477:
486:
393:
286:
522:
230:
426:
319:
727:
648:
The last category of worst form of child labour is work which by its nature or the circumstances is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children, or Worst Forms of
Hazards faced by Children at Work. Here the Convention recommended that the circumstances should be determined in consultation
217:
The elimination of child labour was one of the main goals of the ILO. According to the UN agency, 152 million children worldwide are affected by the convention, almost half of which do dangerous work. Most child labour is carried out in the agricultural sector, mainly due to poverty and the
649:
with organisations of employers and workers within a specific country. The
Convention recommends that programmes of action should attend specifically to younger children, the girl child, hidden work situation in which girls are at special risk, and other groups of children with special
242:, formally deposited the ratification instruments for this convention together with ILO Director-General, Guy Ryder. This is a historic event as it is the first time for an International Labor Convention to be ratified by all member states.
704:
188:
680:
Any work that is done in an unhealthy environment which may, for example, expose children to hazardous substances, agents or processes, or to temperatures, noise levels, or vibrations damaging to their
684:
Any work that is done under particularly difficult conditions such as work for long hours or during the night or work where the child is unreasonably confined to the premises of the employer."
239:
657:
contains recommendations on the types of hazards that should be considered to be included within a country-based definition of worst form hazards. This could lead to many deaths.
1831:
198:
in 1999. This recommendation contains, among others, recommendations on the types of hazards that should be considered for inclusion within a country-based definition of
772:
710:
184:
187:(IPEC) is responsible for assisting countries in this regard as well as monitoring compliance. One of the methods used by IPEC to assist countries in this regard are
1231:
1216:
1031:
180:, use of children in criminal activities, and dangerous labour. The Convention is enjoying the fastest pace of ratifications in the ILO's history since 1919.
1736:
582:, meaning the recruitment of children to do work far away from home and from the care of their families, in circumstances within which they are exploited;
1971:
633:
1751:
1201:
654:
195:
199:
1526:
1236:
1911:
1041:
855:
1291:
1141:
17:
1766:
1726:
717:
611:
168:
By ratifying this
Convention No. 182, a country commits itself to taking immediate action to prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of
1576:
345:
1011:
877:"Treaty Database; Convention concerning the prohibition and immediate action for the elimination of the worst forms of child labour"
817:
1876:
1796:
1066:
205:
Convention No 182 has been signed by all ILO Member States by 4 August 2020. This has become the fastest ratified agreement in the
1986:
1916:
1271:
1436:
1976:
1921:
1361:
1316:
924:
1681:
1241:
983:
1696:
1631:
1541:
988:
245:
The convention has also not been extended to several non-metropolitan territories of states that ratified the convention:
1991:
1981:
1036:
1396:
979:
901:
792:
1891:
1806:
1776:
1756:
1561:
1166:
822:
777:
698:
158:
110:
693:
Several programs exist (coordinated by the ILO or other UN organisations) to stimulate adherence to the convention:
1996:
1851:
1811:
1731:
1636:
1486:
1311:
1251:
1226:
1096:
1046:
1931:
1861:
1771:
1746:
1616:
1606:
1581:
1546:
1536:
1496:
1471:
1356:
1296:
1246:
1196:
1106:
1091:
151:
Convention
Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour
38:
Convention
Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour
1941:
1826:
1781:
1641:
1586:
1531:
1426:
1386:
1081:
1071:
1026:
1966:
1961:
1866:
1841:
1836:
1791:
1786:
1706:
1686:
1666:
1601:
1556:
1481:
1406:
1331:
1286:
1281:
1221:
1186:
1181:
1161:
1146:
1111:
1006:
950:
1946:
1936:
1926:
1906:
1881:
1801:
1761:
1716:
1651:
1621:
1611:
1596:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1456:
1441:
1416:
1411:
1381:
1366:
1341:
1326:
1321:
1301:
1276:
1256:
1176:
1171:
1136:
1121:
1116:
1101:
1086:
1076:
1056:
1051:
1956:
1901:
1896:
1886:
1846:
1816:
1721:
1701:
1676:
1656:
1591:
1551:
1506:
1491:
1466:
1446:
1391:
1376:
1346:
1266:
1191:
1156:
1151:
1126:
1061:
162:
1951:
1856:
1821:
1741:
1711:
1671:
1646:
1626:
1571:
1476:
1461:
1451:
1421:
1401:
1371:
1351:
1306:
1211:
1131:
1871:
1691:
1661:
1566:
1501:
1431:
1336:
1261:
1206:
1000:
558:
as the worst forms of child labour, including the following:. They are also sometimes referred to as
617:
603:
579:
876:
660:
The worst forms of child labour that should be prohibited in ILO Recommendation No. 190 are:
372:
671:
Any work that is done underground, under water, at dangerous heights or in confined spaces.
650:
8:
993:
44:
177:
632:
use, procuring or offering of a child by others for illegal activities, also known as
624:
550:
Article 3 of the
International Labor Organization's Convention 182 includes forms of
728:
Special
Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
928:
136:
639:
work by its nature that is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children
856:"Report IV, Fundamental principles and rights at work: From commitment to action"
140:
837:
750:
206:
643:
1020:
599:
589:
705:
Time-Bound
Programmes for the Eradication of the Worst forms of Child Labour
838:"Convention on worst forms of child labour receives universal ratification"
751:"Convention on worst forms of child labour receives universal ratification"
665:
585:
551:
169:
994:
Handbook for parliamentarians: Eliminating the worst forms of child labour
902:"Convention C182 - Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182)"
677:
Any work that involves the manual handling or transport of heavy loads.
1012:
Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor - U.S. Department of Labor
674:
Any work that is done with dangerous machinery, equipment and tools.
602:
or compulsory labour, including forced or compulsory recruitment of
818:"R190 - Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation, 1999 (No. 190)"
793:"Convention C001 Hours of Work (Industry) Convention 1919 (No 1)"
614:(CSEC), including the use, procuring or offering of a child for:
593:
570:
173:
91:
235:
644:
Worst form hazards: To be defined by each ratifying country
161:(ILO) in 1999 as ILO Convention No 182. It is one of eight
711:
International
Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
185:
International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
996:
927:. International Labour Organization. 1999. Archived from
636:(CUBAC), including the trafficking or production of drugs
542:
925:"C182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999"
128:
Director-General of the International Labour Office
810:
634:children used by adults in the commission of crime
66: Convention not applied (dependent territory)
1832:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)
730:plays a role in the co-ordination of activities.
655:Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation No 190
196:Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation No 190
109:universal ratification by all 187 members of the
1232:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1018:
565:The predefined worst forms of child labour are:
200:Worst Forms of Hazards faced by Children at Work
745:
743:
1032:International Labour Organization conventions
688:
1737:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
869:
740:
226:On 4 August 2020, the High Commissioner for
212:
33:Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999
27:International Labour Organization Convention
1007:ILO Further documents on Worst Form Hazards
701:addressing the worst forms of child labour
1217:Treaties of the People's Republic of China
718:Commercial sexual exploitation of children
612:Commercial sexual exploitation of children
111:UN International Labour Organization (ILO)
1972:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands
881:Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)
573:or practices similar to slavery, such as
346:French Southern and Antarctic Territories
240:Titilupe Fanetupouvava'u Tuita-Tu'ivakanĹŤ
1202:Treaties of the Central African Republic
14:
1527:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
1019:
919:
917:
915:
155:Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
1237:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo
1912:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates
951:"Worst forms of child labour (IPEC)"
1042:Treaties entered into force in 2000
912:
664:"Any work that exposes children to
24:
1292:Treaties of the Dominican Republic
1142:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina
604:children for use in armed conflict
25:
2008:
1767:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
1752:Treaties of SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1727:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis
972:
863:International Labour Organization
823:International Labour Organization
778:International Labour Organization
699:International Labour Organization
627:or for pornographic performances;
159:International Labour Organization
1577:Treaties of the Marshall Islands
668:(physically or psychologically).
529:
520:
511:
502:
493:
484:
475:
464:
451:
442:
433:
424:
415:
404:
391:
380:
364:
353:
337:
328:
317:
304:
295:
284:
271:
260:
228:
221:
43:
1877:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago
1797:Treaties of the Solomon Islands
1067:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda
943:
773:"Conventions and ratifications"
1987:Treaties extended to Hong Kong
1917:Treaties of the United Kingdom
1272:Treaties of the Czech Republic
894:
848:
830:
785:
765:
13:
1:
1977:Treaties extended to Guernsey
1922:Treaties of the United States
1362:Treaties of Georgia (country)
1317:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea
733:
562:worst forms of child labour.
458:United States Virgin Islands
60: Convention not in force
1682:Treaties of Papua New Guinea
1242:Treaties of the Cook Islands
238:in the United Kingdom, Hon.
7:
1697:Treaties of the Philippines
1632:Treaties of the Netherlands
1542:Treaties of North Macedonia
545:worst forms of child labour
254:Non-metropolitan territory
163:ILO fundamental conventions
18:Worst forms of child labour
10:
2013:
1992:Treaties extended to Macau
1982:Treaties extended to Aruba
1437:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq
1037:Treaties concluded in 1999
689:Country programmes on WFCL
440:Northern Mariana Islands,
360:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1397:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau
1001:Inter-Parliamentary Union
213:Purpose of the Convention
194:The ILO also adopted the
132:
124:
116:
105:
97:
87:
79:
42:
37:
1892:Treaties of Turkmenistan
1807:Treaties of South Africa
1777:Treaties of Sierra Leone
1757:Treaties of Saudi Arabia
1562:Treaties of the Maldives
1167:Treaties of Burkina Faso
500:British Virgin Islands,
153:, known in short as the
1997:1999 in labor relations
1852:Treaties of Switzerland
1812:Treaties of South Sudan
1732:Treaties of Saint Lucia
1637:Treaties of New Zealand
1487:Treaties of South Korea
1312:Treaties of El Salvador
1252:Treaties of Ivory Coast
1227:Treaties of the Comoros
1097:Treaties of the Bahamas
1047:Treaties of Afghanistan
865:(First ed.). 2012.
580:trafficking of children
1932:Treaties of Uzbekistan
1862:Treaties of Tajikistan
1772:Treaties of Seychelles
1747:Treaties of San Marino
1617:Treaties of Mozambique
1607:Treaties of Montenegro
1582:Treaties of Mauritania
1547:Treaties of Madagascar
1537:Treaties of Luxembourg
1497:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan
1472:Treaties of Kazakhstan
1357:Treaties of the Gambia
1297:Treaties of East Timor
1247:Treaties of Costa Rica
1197:Treaties of Cape Verde
1107:Treaties of Bangladesh
1092:Treaties of Azerbaijan
716:Country programmes on
1942:Treaties of Venezuela
1827:Treaties of Sri Lanka
1782:Treaties of Singapore
1642:Treaties of Nicaragua
1587:Treaties of Mauritius
1532:Treaties of Lithuania
1427:Treaties of Indonesia
1387:Treaties of Guatemala
1082:Treaties of Australia
1072:Treaties of Argentina
1027:Child labour treaties
984:Recommendation No 190
588:or any other form of
373:Caribbean Netherlands
371:Sint Maarten and the
209:'s 101-year history.
189:Time-bound Programmes
157:, was adopted by the
1967:Treaties of Tanzania
1962:Treaties of Zimbabwe
1867:Treaties of Thailand
1842:Treaties of Eswatini
1837:Treaties of Suriname
1792:Treaties of Slovenia
1787:Treaties of Slovakia
1707:Treaties of Portugal
1687:Treaties of Paraguay
1667:Treaties of Pakistan
1602:Treaties of Mongolia
1557:Treaties of Malaysia
1482:Treaties of Kiribati
1407:Treaties of Honduras
1332:Treaties of Ethiopia
1287:Treaties of Dominica
1282:Treaties of Djibouti
1222:Treaties of Colombia
1187:Treaties of Cameroon
1182:Treaties of Cambodia
1162:Treaties of Bulgaria
1147:Treaties of Botswana
1112:Treaties of Barbados
576:the sale of a child;
72: Non ILO-member
1947:Treaties of Vietnam
1937:Treaties of Vanuatu
1927:Treaties of Uruguay
1907:Treaties of Ukraine
1882:Treaties of Tunisia
1802:Treaties of Somalia
1762:Treaties of Senegal
1717:Treaties of Romania
1652:Treaties of Nigeria
1622:Treaties of Namibia
1612:Treaties of Morocco
1597:Treaties of Moldova
1522:Treaties of Liberia
1517:Treaties of Lesotho
1512:Treaties of Lebanon
1457:Treaties of Jamaica
1442:Treaties of Ireland
1417:Treaties of Iceland
1412:Treaties of Hungary
1382:Treaties of Grenada
1367:Treaties of Germany
1342:Treaties of Finland
1327:Treaties of Estonia
1322:Treaties of Eritrea
1302:Treaties of Ecuador
1277:Treaties of Denmark
1257:Treaties of Croatia
1177:Treaties of Burundi
1172:Treaties of Myanmar
1137:Treaties of Bolivia
1122:Treaties of Belgium
1117:Treaties of Belarus
1102:Treaties of Bahrain
1087:Treaties of Austria
1077:Treaties of Armenia
1057:Treaties of Algeria
1052:Treaties of Albania
931:on 26 February 2012
34:
1957:Treaties of Zambia
1902:Treaties of Uganda
1897:Treaties of Tuvalu
1887:Treaties of Turkey
1847:Treaties of Sweden
1817:Treaties of Russia
1722:Treaties of Rwanda
1702:Treaties of Poland
1677:Treaties of Panama
1657:Treaties of Norway
1592:Treaties of Mexico
1552:Treaties of Malawi
1507:Treaties of Latvia
1492:Treaties of Kuwait
1467:Treaties of Jordan
1447:Treaties of Israel
1392:Treaties of Guinea
1377:Treaties of Greece
1347:Treaties of France
1267:Treaties of Cyprus
1192:Treaties of Canada
1157:Treaties of Brunei
1152:Treaties of Brazil
1127:Treaties of Belize
1062:Treaties of Angola
697:Programmes of the
623:the production of
335:French Polynesia,
178:child prostitution
32:
1952:Treaties of Yemen
1857:Treaties of Syria
1822:Treaties of Spain
1742:Treaties of Samoa
1712:Treaties of Qatar
1672:Treaties of Palau
1647:Treaties of Niger
1627:Treaties of Nepal
1572:Treaties of Malta
1477:Treaties of Kenya
1462:Treaties of Japan
1452:Treaties of Italy
1422:Treaties of India
1402:Treaties of Haiti
1372:Treaties of Ghana
1352:Treaties of Gabon
1307:Treaties of Egypt
1212:Treaties of Chile
1132:Treaties of Benin
540:
539:
147:
146:
16:(Redirected from
2004:
1872:Treaties of Togo
1692:Treaties of Peru
1662:Treaties of Oman
1567:Treaties of Mali
1502:Treaties of Laos
1432:Treaties of Iran
1337:Treaties of Fiji
1262:Treaties of Cuba
1207:Treaties of Chad
966:
965:
963:
961:
947:
941:
940:
938:
936:
921:
910:
909:
898:
892:
891:
889:
887:
873:
867:
866:
860:
852:
846:
845:
844:. 4 August 2020.
834:
828:
827:
814:
808:
807:
805:
803:
789:
783:
782:
769:
763:
762:
760:
758:
747:
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517:
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468:
467:
457:
455:
454:
448:
446:
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439:
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430:
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422:American Samoa,
421:
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410:
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397:
395:
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386:
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370:
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101:19 November 2000
71:
65:
59:
53:
47:
35:
31:
21:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1017:
1016:
975:
970:
969:
959:
957:
949:
948:
944:
934:
932:
923:
922:
913:
900:
899:
895:
885:
883:
875:
874:
870:
858:
854:
853:
849:
836:
835:
831:
826:. 17 June 1999.
816:
815:
811:
801:
799:
791:
790:
786:
771:
770:
766:
756:
754:
753:. 4 August 2020
749:
748:
741:
736:
691:
651:vulnerabilities
646:
548:
530:
528:
521:
519:
512:
510:
503:
501:
494:
492:
485:
483:
476:
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425:
423:
416:
414:
405:
403:
392:
390:
381:
379:
365:
363:
354:
352:
344:New Caledonia,
338:
336:
329:
327:
318:
316:
305:
303:
302:Faroe Islands,
296:
294:
285:
283:
278:Norfolk Island
272:
270:
261:
259:
229:
227:
224:
215:
75:
74:
73:
69:
67:
63:
61:
57:
55:
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2010:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
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1919:
1914:
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1234:
1229:
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1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
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1189:
1184:
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1134:
1129:
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1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
991:
986:
974:
973:External links
971:
968:
967:
942:
911:
893:
868:
847:
829:
809:
784:
781:. 27 May 2011.
764:
738:
737:
735:
732:
724:
723:
722:
721:
714:
708:
690:
687:
686:
685:
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678:
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669:
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609:
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597:
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471:United Kingdom
460:
459:
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989:ratifications
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978:Text of the
958:. Retrieved
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945:
933:. Retrieved
929:the original
905:
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884:. Retrieved
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800:. Retrieved
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755:. Retrieved
725:
692:
666:sexual abuse
659:
647:
618:prostitution
586:debt bondage
564:
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554:, which are
552:child labour
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170:child labour
167:
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143:(Article 16)
83:17 June 1999
29:
955:www.ilo.org
906:www.ilo.org
886:29 December
797:www.ilo.org
757:25 November
625:pornography
543:Predefined
536:Montserrat
509:Gibraltar,
387:New Zealand
54: Party
1021:Categories
980:Convention
734:References
653:or needs.
556:predefined
482:Anguilla,
311:Greenland
183:The ILO's
125:Depositary
560:automatic
491:Bermuda,
267:Australia
133:Languages
106:Condition
98:Effective
935:25 April
527:Jersey,
398:Tokelau
88:Location
960:25 July
842:UN News
681:health.
594:serfdom
571:slavery
291:Denmark
174:slavery
137:English
117:Parties
1003:, 2002
802:30 May
600:forced
534:
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92:Geneva
80:Signed
70:
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52:
859:(PDF)
251:State
236:Tonga
982:and
962:2018
937:2012
888:2019
804:2020
759:2020
726:The
620:, or
149:The
139:and
997:ILO
592:or
120:187
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999:,
953:.
914:^
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795:.
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742:^
207:UN
202:.
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176:,
165:.
964:.
939:.
908:.
890:.
806:.
761:.
720:.
713:;
707:;
606:;
596:;
20:)
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