Knowledge

Wolaitta language

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selected for their literacy campaign (1979–1991), before any other southern languages. Welaytta pride in their written language led to a fiercely hostile response in 1998 when the Ethiopian government distributed textbooks written in Wegagoda – an artificial language based on amalgamating Wolaytta
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first devised a system for writing it. The writing system was later revised by a team led by Dr. Bruce Adams. They finished translating the New Testament in 1981 and the entire Bible in 2002. It was one of the first languages the
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is apparently in dispute; Adams (1983:48) and Lamberti and Sottile (1997:23, 25-26) claim that it is implosive, thus presumably . Wakasa (2008:62) denies that this consonant is implosive, and calls it 'glottalized'. (See
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Like other Omotic languages, the Wolaytta language has the basic word order SOV (subject–object–verb), as shown in the following example (Wakasa 2008:1041):
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In speaking their language, the Wolaytta people use many proverbs. A large collection of them, in Ethiopian script, was published in 1987 (
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with several closely related languages. As a result the textbooks in Wegagoda were withdrawn and teachers returned to ones in Wolaytta.
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now list these as separate languages. The different communities of speakers also recognize them as separate languages. A variety called
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is said to be 'close' to Wolaytta in Hayward (1990) but listed as a distinct language by Blench; however, it is not included in
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of Ethiopia. Portions of the Bible were produced in 1934, the New Testament in 1981, and the entire Bible in 2002.
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Adams, Bruce A. 1983. A Tagmemic Analysis of the Wolaitta Language. Unpublished PhD. thesis, University of London.
261:. The estimates of the population vary greatly because it is not agreed where the boundaries of the language are. 2508: 2503: 2180: 1585: 49: 188: 1433: 887: 883: 869: 865: 858: 854: 842: 838: 831: 827: 754: 738: 730: 725: 704: 699: 682: 678: 668: 663: 637: 612: 589: 563: 552: 545: 537: 521: 514: 509: 494: 489: 482: 477: 454: 449: 393: 1661: 777: 1304:, ed. by Mengistu Amberber, Brett Baker and Mark Harvey, 259-290. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1335:, ed. by M. L. Bender, C. Bowen, R. Cooper, and C. Ferguson, pp. 155–164. Oxford University Press. 1297:, ed. by Voeltz, F.K. Erhard and Christa Kilian-Hatz, 49-62. Amsterdam - Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 1752: 2173: 1709: 1410: 2398: 2367: 2232: 2154: 1955: 1945: 1920: 363: 339: 333: 327: 273: 2408: 2010: 1309:
Facts about the World Languages, an Encyclopedia of the Worlds Major Languages, Past and Present
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for the glottal stop has been replaced by the use of the apostrophe. The sound written
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Three consonants require further discussion. Wakasa (2008:96f) reports that the use of
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There are conflicting claims about how widely Wolaytta is spoken. Some hold that
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ed. by Richard Hayward, 406-412. London: School of Oriental and African Studies.
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Wakasa (2008) gives the following consonant phonemes for Wolaytta. (He also has
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Nouns used adjectivally precede the nouns that they modify (Wakasa 2008:1044)
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Lamberti, Marcello and Roberto Sottile. 1997. "The Wolaytta Language". In
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Amha, Azeb. 2010. Compound verbs and ideophones in Wolaitta revisited. In
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It has postpositional phrases, which precede the verb (Wakasa 2008:1042):
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my-brother-NOM.M.SG. book-ABS.M.SG. his:own-friend-OBL.M.SG.-from borrow-
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Numerals precede the nouns that they quantify over (Wakasa 2008:1045)
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Complex Predicates: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on Event Structure
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Amha, Azeb, 1996. Tone-accent and prosodic domains in Wolaitta. In
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Amha, Azeb. 2001. Ideophones and compound verbs in Wolaitta. In
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provides an analysis of Wolaytta proverbs and their functions.
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Wolaytta has existed in written form since the 1940s, when the
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Wolaytta has five vowels, which appear both long and short:
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A Descriptive Study of the Modern Wolaytta Language Authors
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show the Latin alphabet, where this differs from the IPA:
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Collection of Wolaytta proverbs with Amharic translations
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child-NOM.M.SG two-OBL female-OBL people-ABS.PL see-
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Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region
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A Descriptive Study of the Modern Wolaytta Language
1331:Ohman, Walter and Hailu Fulass. 1976. Welamo. In 1286:Adams, Bruce A. 1990. Name nouns in Wolaitta. In 2495: 1240: 1087:ta-7ish-ái maxááp-aa ba-lágg-iya-ppe tall7-íis. 1076: 975: 276:are also dialects, but most sources, including 1147: 2181: 1593: 1097:"My brother borrowed a book from his friend." 375:The language is the official language in the 989:child-NOM.M.SG. one-OBL. book-ABS.M.SG. buy- 1295:Ideophones. Typological Studies in Language 2188: 2174: 1600: 1586: 321: 1607: 1328:: pp. 79–86. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. 1184: 1128: 1056: 1036: 1016: 955: 923: 1244: 1221: 1188: 1180: 1132: 1124: 1080: 1060: 1040: 1032: 1020: 1012: 979: 959: 951: 927: 919: 776:is described by Wakasa (2008:44) as a ' 2496: 1525: 1394: 1251:na7-ái naa77-ú mácc-a 7as-atá be7-íis. 2169: 1581: 1392: 1390: 1388: 1386: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1225: 2195: 1479:"Good Amharic Books | Welcome!" 1342:. Ph.D. thesis. University of Tokyo. 1210: 1199: 1113: 1052: 939: 396:, but these are consonant clusters, 1323:Studia Linguarum Africae Orientalis 257:. It is the native language of the 13: 1564:World Atlas of Language Structures 1371: 1277: 986:na7-ái 7iss-í maxááp-aa shamm-íis. 370: 16:Omotic language spoken in Ethiopia 14: 2520: 1557: 1434:"Ethnicity and Power in Ethiopia" 1158: 1143: 789:for more on such discrepancies.) 1454:"Ethiopian – Calendar Converter" 1409: 1307:Amha, Azeb. 2001. Wolaitta. In 1255: 1236: 1091: 1072: 990: 971: 1519: 1496: 1471: 1446: 1426: 1417: 1353: 1316:Studies in African Linguistics 402:⟨angle brackets⟩ 1: 1346: 902: 387: 1157:good-OBL life-ABS.M.SG live- 745: 716: 690: 649: 624: 601: 573: 528: 502: 465: 442: 382: 249:and some other parts of the 148:Latin taught in schools and 7: 1265: 778:nasalized glottal fricative 10: 2525: 1526:Wakasa, Motomichi (2008). 1458:www.calendar-converter.com 897: 398:⟨m7, n7, l7⟩ 2478: 2442: 2417: 2391: 2355: 2346: 2313: 2302: 2269: 2241: 2203: 2147: 2126: 2019: 1861: 1738: 1660: 1651: 1615: 1338:Wakasa, Motomichi. 2008. 792: 746: 717: 650: 574: 466: 443: 414: 212: 196: 178: 173: 163:Official language in 161: 156: 138: 85: 76:: 2.7 million (2022) 67: 55: 41: 31: 26: 21: 2155:Ethiopian sign languages 1318:25(2), pp. 111–138. 1261:"The boy saw two women." 996:"The boy bought a book." 1288:Omotic Language Studies 1154:ló77-o dé7-uwa de7-áis. 322:Lexical similarity with 2509:North Omotic languages 316:Addis Ababa University 299:Sudan Interior Mission 2504:Languages of Ethiopia 1609:Languages of Ethiopia 1164:"I live a good life." 498:⟨7 / '⟩ 239:North Omotic language 1333:Language in Ethiopia 245:group spoken in the 411: 1616:Official languages 1439:2011-08-13 at the 774:⟨nh⟩ 708:⟨zh⟩ 686:⟨nh⟩ 672:⟨sh⟩ 593:⟨ch⟩ 557:⟨dh⟩ 541:⟨ph⟩ 407: 312:Ethiopian calendar 235:Wolayttatto Doonaa 27:Wolayttatto Doonaa 2491: 2490: 2485:extinct languages 2474: 2473: 2438: 2437: 2163: 2162: 2127:Foreign languages 2122: 2121: 1407:(27th ed., 2024) 895: 894: 782:⟨D⟩ 770:⟨7⟩ 766: 765: 734:⟨y⟩ 694: 658: 641:⟨c⟩ 630: 616:⟨j⟩ 605: 582: 567:⟨q⟩ 549:⟨x⟩ 534: 506: 474: 228: 227: 2516: 2353: 2352: 2311: 2310: 2197:Omotic languages 2190: 2183: 2176: 2167: 2166: 1710:Sebat Bet Gurage 1658: 1657: 1602: 1595: 1588: 1579: 1578: 1551: 1550: 1548: 1547: 1541: 1534: 1523: 1517: 1516: 1514: 1513: 1508: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1490: 1481:. 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Items in 391: 374: 309: 296: 291: 287: 277: 263: 234: 230: 229: 213: 168:Wolaita Zone 121: 97:Afro-Asiatic 59:2.8 million 46:Wolaita Zone 1936:Hamer-Banna 1011:my-brother- 719:Approximant 2498:Categories 1546:2011-12-04 1512:2019-09-18 1489:2013-02-03 1423:Abebe 2002 1404:Ethnologue 1359:1994/1995 1347:References 1068:tall7-íis. 1008:ta-7ish-ái 967:shamm-íis. 903:Word order 409:Consonants 388:Consonants 330:79% to 93% 292:Ethnologue 279:Ethnologue 2483:indicate 2094:Nyangatom 2039:Daatsʼiin 1991:Shekkacho 1788:Daasanach 1654:languages 1463:26 August 1361:Gregorian 1028:maxááp-aa 947:maxááp-aa 787:implosive 657:voiceless 652:Fricative 581:voiceless 576:Affricate 473:voiceless 383:Phonology 284:ISO 639-3 215:Glottolog 199:ISO 639-3 181:ISO 639-2 56:Ethnicity 2383:Wolaitta 2338:Shinasha 2333:Shakacho 2279:Bambassi 2001:Wolaitta 1881:Bambassi 1853:Xamtanga 1808:Kambaata 1740:Cushitic 1725:Tigrinya 1652:Regional 1643:Tigrinya 1568:Wolaytta 1437:Archived 1399:Wolaitta 1266:See also 1232:be7-íis. 1139:de7-áis. 628:ejective 532:ejective 418:Bilabial 394:mˀ,nˀ,lˀ 255:Ethiopia 231:Wolaitta 222:wola1242 122:Wolaitta 81:: 90,000 36:Ethiopia 22:Wolaitta 2481:Italics 2425:Basketo 2356:Central 2323:Anfillo 2134:English 1961:Koorete 1886:Basketo 1876:Anfillo 1803:Hadiyya 1793:Dirasha 1675:Argobba 1670:Amharic 1628:Amharic 1258:.3M.SG. 1220:people- 1217:7as-atá 1209:female- 1195:naa77-ú 1120:dé7-uwa 1094:.3M.SG. 1071:borrow- 993:.3M.SG. 898:Grammar 811:Central 468:Plosive 438:Glottal 428:Palatal 358:Koorete 241:of the 117:Central 61:Welayta 2443:Others 2418:Others 2306:Omotic 2243:Dizoid 2139:Arabic 2069:Majang 1863:Omotic 1848:Tsamai 1843:Somali 1838:Sidamo 1828:Qimant 1818:Libido 1763:Arbore 1715:Siltʼe 1700:Mesqan 1690:Harari 1685:Gurage 1638:Somali 1206:mácc-a 1179:child- 1176:na7-ái 1109:ló77-o 1063:.-from 935:7iss-í 918:child- 915:na7-ái 793:Vowels 748:Rhotic 693:voiced 604:voiced 505:voiced 423:Dental 272:, and 102:Omotic 63:(2022) 42:Region 2458:Chara 2451:Bench 2430:Maale 2404:Koore 2363:Dorze 2348:Ometo 2315:Gonga 2304:North 2284:Ganza 2261:Sheko 2251:Dizin 2228:Hamer 2223:Gayil 2205:Aroid 2104:Shabo 2099:Opuuo 2084:Mursi 2079:Murle 2074:Meʼen 2064:Kwegu 2059:Kwama 2044:Gumuz 2034:Berta 2029:Anuak 2006:Yemsa 1996:Sheko 1966:Maale 1931:Gayil 1926:Ganza 1916:Dorze 1901:Chara 1891:Bench 1823:Oromo 1813:Konso 1798:Gedeo 1783:Burji 1778:Bussa 1773:Baiso 1768:Awngi 1753:Alaba 1720:Soddo 1705:Muher 1680:Geʽez 1633:Oromo 1540:(PDF) 1533:(PDF) 1507:(PDF) 1161:.1SG. 1142:live- 1123:life- 1112:good- 1031:book- 950:book- 806:Front 445:Nasal 433:Velar 352:Dorze 346:Kullo 340:Dawro 243:Ometo 237:is a 112:Ometo 107:North 2392:East 2378:Oyda 2373:Melo 2328:Kafa 2294:Seze 2289:Hozo 2256:Nayi 2233:Karo 2218:Dime 2213:Aari 2114:Uduk 2109:Suri 2089:Nuer 2054:Komo 1986:Seze 1981:Oyda 1976:Nayi 1971:Melo 1956:Karo 1951:Kafa 1941:Hozo 1911:Dizi 1906:Dime 1896:Boro 1871:Aari 1833:Saho 1748:Afar 1695:Inor 1623:Afar 1465:2017 1235:see- 1198:two- 1159:IMPF 1144:IMPF 970:buy- 938:one- 823:High 816:Back 555:(?) 364:Male 334:Gofa 328:Gamo 304:Derg 288:Laha 282:and 270:Oyda 266:Melo 233:or 2465:Yem 2271:Mao 1758:Ale 1730:Zay 1401:at 1222:ABS 1211:OBL 1200:OBL 1181:NOM 1172:ex: 1148:1SG 1125:ABS 1114:OBL 1105:ex: 1053:OBL 1033:ABS 1013:NOM 1004:ex: 952:ABS 940:OBL 920:NOM 911:ex: 877:Low 850:Mid 638:tʃʼ 366:43% 360:48% 354:80% 348:80% 342:80% 336:84% 253:of 206:wal 189:wal 48:of 2500:: 1456:. 1373:^ 1256:PF 1245:SG 1241:3M 1237:PF 1226:PL 1189:SG 1133:SG 1092:PF 1081:SG 1077:3M 1073:PF 1061:SG 1041:SG 1021:SG 991:PF 980:SG 976:3M 972:PF 960:SG 928:SG 888:aː 886:, 870:oː 868:, 859:eː 857:, 843:uː 841:, 832:iː 830:, 683:h̃ 681:, 613:dʒ 590:tʃ 564:kʼ 551:, 546:tʼ 538:pʼ 294:. 268:, 79:L2 74:L1 2189:e 2182:t 2175:v 1601:e 1594:t 1587:v 1549:. 1515:. 1492:. 1467:. 1326:6 1247:. 1243:. 1239:. 1224:. 1187:. 1185:M 1183:. 1150:. 1146:. 1131:. 1129:M 1127:. 1083:. 1079:. 1075:. 1059:. 1057:M 1055:. 1043:. 1039:. 1037:M 1035:. 1023:. 1019:. 1017:M 1015:. 982:. 978:. 974:. 962:. 958:. 956:M 954:. 942:. 930:. 926:. 924:M 922:. 884:a 866:o 855:e 839:u 828:i 755:r 739:w 731:j 726:l 705:ʒ 700:z 679:h 669:ʃ 664:s 553:ɗ 522:ɡ 515:d 510:b 495:ʔ 490:k 483:t 478:p 455:n 450:m

Index

Ethiopia
Wolaita Zone
South Ethiopia
Welayta
L1
L2
Language family
Afro-Asiatic
Omotic
North
Ometo
Central
Writing system
Ethiopic script
Wolaita Zone
ISO 639-2
wal
ISO 639-3
wal
Glottolog
wola1242
North Omotic language
Ometo
Wolayita Zone
Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region
Ethiopia
Welayta people
Melo
Oyda
Gamo-Gofa-Dawro

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