495:
511:
2138:
36:
317:
277:(New Stone Age). Astronomical events were often used to guide farming activities, such as the mating of animals, the sowing of crops and the monitoring of winter reserves of food. The winter solstice was important because the people were economically dependent on monitoring the progress of the seasons. Starvation was common during the first months of the winter, January to April (northern hemisphere) or July to October (southern hemisphere). Livestock were
2749:
2737:
127:
2701:
1090:, the precise timing of its occurrence is now public knowledge. The precise instant of the solstice cannot be directly detected (by definition, people cannot observe that an object has stopped moving until it is later observed that it has not moved further from the preceding spot, or that it has moved in the opposite direction). To be precise to a single day, observers must be able to view a change in
2725:
476:(c. 920–961). According to Snorri, the Christian Haakon had moved Yule from "midwinter" and aligned it with the Christian Christmas celebration. Historically, this has made some scholars believe that Yule originally was a sun festival on the winter solstice. Modern scholars generally do not believe this, as midwinter in medieval Iceland was a date about four weeks after the solstice. During the
2713:
419:
1094:
or elevation less than or equal to about 1/60 of the angular diameter of the Sun. Observing that it occurred within a two-day period is easier, requiring an observation precision of only about 1/16 of the angular diameter of the Sun. Thus, many observations are of the day of the solstice rather than
661:
saw that the day was continuously shortening, he said, "Woe is me! Because I have sinned, the world darkens around me, and returns to formlessless and void. This is the death to which Heaven has sentenced me!" He decided to spend eight days in fasting and prayer. When he saw the winter solstice, and
616:
celebration, or as some call it "Shabe
Chelleh" ("the 40th night"), is one of the oldest Iranian traditions that has been present in Persian culture from ancient times. In this night all the family gather together, usually at the house of the eldest, and celebrate it by eating, drinking and reciting
1099:
that allows a ray of light to be cast on a certain point around that time. The earliest sunset and latest sunrise dates differ from winter solstice, however, and these depend on latitude, due to the variation in the solar day throughout the year caused by the Earth's elliptical orbit (see
662:
he saw that the day was continuously lengthening, he said, "It is the order of the world!" He went and feasted for eight days. The following year, he feasted for both. He established them in Heaven's name, but they established them in the name of idolatry
348:
of both of these monuments seem to have been carefully aligned on a sight-line pointing to the winter solstice sunrise (Newgrange) and the winter solstice sunset (Stonehenge). It is significant that at
Stonehenge the Great
404:, though this theory "is nowadays used as the default explanation for the choice of 25 December as Christ's birthday, few advocates of this theory seem to be aware of how paltry the available evidence actually is."
1663:
1731:
Although HRT is nowadays used as the default explanation for the choice of 25 December as Christ's birthday, few advocates of this theory seem to be aware of how paltry the available evidence actually is.
2085:
236:
regions, the winter solstice is seen as the middle of winter; although today in some countries and calendars it is seen as the beginning of winter. Other names are the "extreme of winter" (
480:, Yule was incorporated into the Christmas celebrations and the term and its cognates remain used to refer to Christmas in modern Northern European languages such as English and Swedish.
284:
Because the winter solstice is the reversal of the Sun's apparent ebbing in the sky, in ancient times it was seen as the symbolic death and rebirth of the Sun or of a
2112:
379:
or the 'Invincible Sun'. Gary
Forsythe, Professor of Ancient History, says "This celebration would have formed a welcome addition to the seven-day period of the
253:. It marked the symbolic death and rebirth of the Sun; the gradual waning of daylight hours is reversed and begins to grow again. Some ancient monuments such as
2095:
228:(June 20, June 21, or June 22). Although the winter solstice itself lasts only a moment, the term also refers to the day on which it occurs. The term
281:
so they would not have to be fed during the winter, so it was almost the only time of year when a plentiful supply of fresh meat was available.
1783:. Acta Academiae Regiae Gustavi Adolphi (in Swedish). Vol. 91. Kungl. Gustav Adolfs Akademien för svensk folkkultur. pp. 120–121.
385:(December 17–23), Rome's most joyous holiday season since Republican times, characterized by parties, banquets, and exchanges of gifts".
2571:
2197:
477:
273:
There is evidence that the winter solstice was deemed an important moment of the annual cycle for some cultures as far back as the
288:. In cultures which used cyclic calendars based on the winter solstice, the "year as reborn" was celebrated with reference to
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1930:
1903:
1487:
429:
in
Germany. The yellow lines indicate the directions in which sunrise and sunset are seen on the day of the winter solstice.
1383:
494:
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1591:
353:
was oriented outwards from the middle of the monument, i.e. its smooth flat face was turned towards the midwinter Sun.
232:
is also used synonymously with the winter solstice, although it carries other meanings as well. Traditionally, in many
2122:
1788:
2541:† dagger indicates extinction. ° degree symbol indicates changes in date, name or location. ( ) indicate demographic
2148:
510:
20:
245:
Since prehistory, the winter solstice has been a significant time of year in many cultures and has been marked by
2564:
2117:
2059:(2nd English Edition with corrections as of August 10, 2009 ed.). Richmond, Virginia: Willmann-Bell, Inc.
1378:
1086:
is elusive. The Sun moves too slowly or appears to stand still (the meaning of "solstice"). However, by use of
1864:
2774:
2190:
1504:"Winter Solstice celebrations: a.k.a. Christmas, Saturnalia, Yule, the Long Night, the start of Winter, etc"
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1101:
2170:
2691:
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2336:
2010:
1344:
361:
In the ancient Roman calendar, December 25 was the date of the winter solstice. In AD 274, the emperor
617:
poetry (esp. Hafez). Nuts, pomegranates and watermelons are particularly served during this festival.
2799:
2794:
2779:
2032:
2606:
2183:
2043:
1709:
Nothaft, C. Philipp E. (2013). "Early
Christian Chronology and the Origins of the Christmas Date".
1341:): Harvest Festival – Marks the end of the cold months and start of the new month with longer days.
1124:
289:
118:
2021:
1780:
Jul, disting och förkyrklig tideräkning: Kalendrar och kalendariska riter i det förkristna Norden
1517:
455:
401:
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591:
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Although the instant of the solstice can be calculated, direct observation of the moment by
536:
489:
237:
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8:
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2090:
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1354:
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590:(sun). It is observed each year in January. It marks the first day of Sun's transit into
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182:
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107:
99:
1503:
638:
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2729:
2270:
2143:
1718:
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1583:
1368:
1320:
224:(December 21, December 22, or December 23) and in the Southern Hemisphere, this is the
2086:"Winter solstice 2015: Everything you need to know about the shortest day of the year"
1985:
1865:"Goin' Japanesque!: Japanese Winter Solstice Traditions; A Day for Kabocha and Yuzuyu"
594:, marking the end of the month with the winter solstice and the start of longer days.
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Iranian people celebrate the night of the
Northern Hemisphere's winter solstice as, "
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262:
233:
221:
166:
143:
139:
394:) to appropriate the Roman winter solstice festival marking the sun god's birthday (
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541:
469:
329:
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35:
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1388:
1334:
573:
473:
210:
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2503:
1272:
388:
A widely-held theory is that the Church chose
December 25 as Christ's birthday (
336:
archaeological sites in Europe are associated with the winter solstice, such as
2388:
2378:
1317:): Used to coincide with the winter solstice day, now celebrated on December 13
673:
583:
2384:
1965:
1679:
1664:"The Origins of the Christmas Date: Some Recent Trends in Historical Research"
646:
613:
609:
603:
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2665:
2613:
1798:
1687:
1328:
1290:
1242:
1178:
1172:
699:
694:
515:
426:
225:
147:
135:
1946:
1726:
1647:
Bradshaw, Paul (2020). "The Dating of
Christmas". In Larsen, Timothy (ed.).
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the instant. This is often done by observing sunrise and sunset or using an
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2431:
2425:
2229:
1348:
1314:
1304:
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1138:
1118:
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316:
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1443:
1228:
1212:
1198:
645:, and rejoicing afterward, which festival later developed into the Roman
549:
438:
202:
194:
1959:
1351:): Cultural festival marking the beginning of the winter harvest season.
2648:
2477:
2256:
2239:
1413:
1408:
1300:
1297:): Feast of Êzîd – Celebrated on the last Friday before winter solstice
1238:
1218:
1188:
1182:
1154:
531:
381:
337:
333:
305:
258:
170:
41:
19:
This article is about the astronomical phenomenon. For other uses, see
1474:
Shipman, James; Wilson, Jerry D.; Todd, Aaron (2007). "Section 15.5".
2643:
2632:
2421:
2311:
2210:
1433:
1192:
1148:
1087:
612:", which is known to be the "longest and darkest night of the year".
527:
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448:
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350:
341:
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274:
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229:
53:
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2415:
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1868:
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1403:
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1134:
682:
579:
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the winter solstice was generally deemed to be 25 December, and in
362:
301:
293:
206:
186:
1966:"Earth's Seasons - Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion"
1248:
514:
Sunlight directed through the 17 arches of
Seventeen Arch Bridge,
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2626:
2294:
1448:
1423:
1418:
1398:
1294:
1232:
1208:
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678:
650:
519:
285:
193:
and longest night of the year, and when the Sun is at its lowest
190:
131:
2748:
1540:
Echoes of the
Ancient Skies: The Astronomy of Lost Civilizations
44:
in England during the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere
2654:
2600:
1631:
Time in Roman Religion: One Thousand Years of Religious History
1453:
1276:
626:
265:
are aligned with the sunrise or sunset on the winter solstice.
250:
217:
126:
2487:
2471:
2447:
2405:
2358:
2354:
2342:
2276:
1428:
1338:
1324:
1222:
1107:
587:
545:
162:
1764:
Winters in the World: A Journey through the Anglo-Saxon Year
2595:
2493:
2284:
2260:
2225:
2205:
1961:
1262:
1202:
1158:
658:
553:
459:
418:
2712:
1838:
174:
530:, the winter solstice has been celebrated as one of the
2113:"Everything You Need to Know About the Winter Solstice"
400:). According to C. Philipp E. Nothaft, a professor at
641:
first established the tradition of fasting before the
552:
in the winter, there is a custom to soak oneself in a
472:, describes a Yule feast hosted by the Norwegian king
209:
around its winter solstice. The opposite event is the
177:. This happens twice yearly, once in each hemisphere (
2689:
2139:"Welcoming Brighter Days on Yalda With Pomegranates"
1891:
1580:
Solving Stonehenge: The New Key to an Ancient Enigma
582:: मकर संक्रांति) or Maghi, is a festival day in the
268:
1918:
216:The winter solstice occurs during the hemisphere's
80:
Beginning of lengthening days and shortening nights
1912:
1887:
1885:
1812:
578:Makara Sankranti, also known as Makara Sankrānti (
1473:
2761:
1922:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A - M
1882:
468:, written in the 13th century by the Icelander
1745:The Old English Metrical Calendar (Menologium)
1542:. Courier Corporation, 2012. pp. 119, 125, 195
2565:
2191:
1307:): Celebrated shortly before winter solstice
2674:
2652:
2630:
2604:
1702:
1642:
1640:
1606:
1568:. University of Oklahoma Press, 1985. p. 50
1506:. Religious Tolerance.org. August 5, 2015 .
395:
389:
372:
366:
304:cleaning tradition), and "reversal" (as in
2572:
2558:
2198:
2184:
1736:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1611:. Manchester University Press. p. 85.
1284:
1108:Holidays celebrated on the winter solstice
727:
724:
721:
718:
708:
703:
698:
693:
220:. In the Northern Hemisphere, this is the
34:
1651:. Oxford University Press. pp. 4–10.
96:December 21, December 22, or December 23
2136:
2110:
2083:
2011:Équinoxe de printemps entre 1583 et 2999
1960:Astronomical Applications Department of
1776:
1742:
1711:Questions Liturgiques/Studies in Liturgy
1646:
1637:
1628:
509:
493:
478:Christianisation of the Germanic peoples
447:could mean both the winter solstice and
417:
315:
125:
1986:"Solstices and Equinoxes: 2001 to 2100"
1925:. Rosen Publishing Group. p. 411.
1708:
1661:
1615:
1577:
2762:
2084:Macphail, Cameron (20 December 2015).
1761:
1102:earliest and latest sunrise and sunset
2579:
2553:
2179:
2054:
56:; the Shortest Day; the Longest Night
1953:
1633:. Routledge. pp. 113, 123, 141.
2171:Table of times/dates from 1600–2400
1662:Nothaft, C. P. E. (December 2012).
1476:An Introduction to Physical Science
1384:Festival of Lights (disambiguation)
458:celebrated a winter holiday called
365:made this the date of the festival
311:
185:). For that hemisphere, the winter
13:
2077:
134:with the transition points of the
14:
2811:
2164:
2137:Deravian, Naz (6 December 2021).
2033:Équinoxe d’automne de 1583 à 2999
1895:Hindu Prayers, Gods and Festivals
1766:. Reaktion Books. pp. 70–71.
1607:O'Neill, William Matthew (1976).
1331:): 105 days after winter solstice
1097:astronomically aligned instrument
324:in Ireland on the winter solstice
320:Sunlight entering the passage of
269:History and cultural significance
2747:
2735:
2723:
2711:
2699:
2486:°: Ireland, Isle of Man, Wales (
1649:The Oxford Handbook of Christmas
356:
308:'s slave and master reversals).
104:and June 20, June 21, or June 22
21:Winter solstice (disambiguation)
2048:
2037:
2026:
2015:
2004:
1978:
1939:
1857:
1831:
1805:
1770:
1755:
1655:
2111:Handwerk, Brian (2015-12-21).
1600:
1571:
1558:
1555:. The Free Press, 1996. p. 530
1545:
1532:
1510:
1496:
1467:
1379:Effect of Sun angle on climate
666:
1:
2022:Solstice d’été de 1583 à 2999
1892:Kamal Kumar Tumuluru (2015).
1460:
483:
292:or "new beginnings" (such as
189:is the day with the shortest
1919:James G. Lochtefeld (2002).
1265:in the Northern Hemisphere (
7:
1743:Karasawa, Kazutomo (2015).
1361:
642:
407:
10:
2816:
2432:Dies Natalis Solis Invicti
1777:Nordberg, Andreas (2006).
1345:Winter at Tantora Festival
1088:astronomical data tracking
601:
597:
571:
487:
411:
397:Dies Natalis Solis Invicti
368:Dies Natalis Solis Invicti
290:life-death-rebirth deities
242:), or the "shortest day".
18:
2785:International observances
2587:
2538:
2517:
2398:
2304:
2249:
2218:
1898:. Partridge. p. 30.
1680:10.1017/S0009640712001941
1578:Johnson, Anthony (2008).
1478:(12th ed.). Boston:
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1022:
993:
964:
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906:
877:
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819:
790:
761:
756:
753:
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747:
744:
741:
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735:
732:
715:
690:
629:legend found in tractate
620:
567:
561:
502:emerging from a cave (by
114:
92:
84:
76:
68:
60:
49:
33:
28:
1762:Parker, Eleanor (2023).
1566:Early Man and the Cosmos
1357:, in southern hemisphere
1125:Blue Christmas (holiday)
586:, in reference to deity
548:, in order not to catch
344:in Ireland. The primary
161:, occurs when either of
2618:
2057:Astronomical Algorithms
1727:10.2143/QL.94.3.3007366
1629:Forsythe, Gary (2012).
1285:Other related festivals
532:Twenty-four Solar Terms
195:daily maximum elevation
16:Astronomical phenomenon
2675:
2653:
2631:
2605:
1609:Time and the Calendars
1518:"History of Christmas"
664:
523:
522:around winter solstice
507:
456:North Germanic peoples
430:
402:Trinity College Dublin
396:
390:
373:
367:
325:
150:
72:Cultural, astronomical
655:
513:
498:Japanese Sun goddess
497:
421:
319:
129:
2775:December observances
2273:° (African American)
2125:on December 23, 2015
2055:Meeus, Jean (2009).
1749:Boydell & Brewer
1586:. pp. 252–253.
490:Dongzhi (solar term)
391:Dies Natalis Christi
169:reaches its maximum
2770:Astronomical events
2118:National Geographic
2098:on 18 December 2015
2091:The Daily Telegraph
1947:"Avodah Zarah 8a:7"
1584:Thames & Hudson
687:
635:talmudic hypothesis
435:Anglo-Saxon England
203:continuous darkness
108:Southern Hemisphere
100:Northern Hemisphere
2144:The New York Times
1992:. 20 February 2018
1369:Burning the Clocks
1321:Cold Food Festival
1193:Theravada Buddhism
671:
633:8a puts forth the
592:Makara (Capricorn)
524:
508:
431:
371:, the birthday of
326:
191:period of daylight
157:, also called the
151:
2687:
2686:
2581:Wheel of the Year
2547:
2546:
2542:
2424:: Roman Empire° (
2323:Deygān, Maidyarem
2151:on 3 January 2022
2066:978-0-943396-61-3
1932:978-0-8239-2287-1
1905:978-1-4828-4707-9
1751:. pp. 36–37.
1564:Hadingham, Evan.
1489:978-0-618-92696-1
1374:Christmas in July
1129:Western Christian
1084:visual perception
1080:
1079:
676:date and time of
263:Cahokia Woodhenge
222:December solstice
197:in the sky. Each
159:hibernal solstice
144:December solstice
140:September equinox
124:
123:
2807:
2800:Winter phenomena
2795:Winter festivals
2780:June observances
2752:
2751:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2680:
2662:Autumnal equinox
2658:
2636:
2623:
2610:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2540:
2527:°: New Zealand (
2418:: Ancient Greece
2200:
2193:
2186:
2177:
2176:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2147:. Archived from
2133:
2131:
2130:
2121:. Archived from
2107:
2105:
2103:
2094:. Archived from
2071:
2070:
2052:
2046:
2044:Solstice d’hiver
2041:
2035:
2030:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1982:
1976:
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1951:
1950:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1889:
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1867:. Archived from
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1508:
1507:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1480:Houghton Mifflin
1471:
1355:Saint John's Eve
1311:Saint Lucy's Day
1145:Dongzhi Festival
688:
670:
563:
470:Snorri Sturluson
399:
393:
378:
370:
312:Neolithic Europe
119:Winter festivals
64:Various cultures
61:Observed by
38:
26:
25:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2804:
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2759:
2758:
2746:
2736:
2734:
2724:
2722:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2690:
2688:
2683:
2640:Summer solstice
2583:
2578:
2548:
2543:
2534:
2513:
2464:Montol Festival
2394:
2365:Sanghamitta Day
2351:Makar Sankranti
2300:
2245:
2238:: West Africa (
2214:
2207:Winter solstice
2204:
2167:
2154:
2152:
2128:
2126:
2101:
2099:
2080:
2078:Further reading
2075:
2074:
2067:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1990:AstroPixels.com
1984:
1983:
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1845:. 17 March 2023
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1819:. 17 March 2023
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115:Related to
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148:March equinox
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136:June solstice
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2742:Solar System
2591:
2504:Ziemassvētki
2468:Mummer's Day
2375:Şeva Zistanê
2322:
2317:
2290:
2206:
2153:. Retrieved
2149:the original
2142:
2127:. Retrieved
2123:the original
2116:
2100:. Retrieved
2096:the original
2089:
2056:
2050:
2039:
2028:
2017:
2006:
1994:. Retrieved
1989:
1980:
1969:. Retrieved
1955:
1941:
1921:
1914:
1894:
1873:. Retrieved
1869:the original
1859:
1847:. Retrieved
1842:
1833:
1821:. Retrieved
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1538:Krupp, E C.
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1512:
1498:
1475:
1469:
1399:Halcyon days
1349:Saudi Arabia
1305:Ancient Rome
1273:Ziemassvētki
1257:Central Asia
1139:Ancient Rome
1115:Alban Arthan
1081:
656:
631:Avodah Zarah
624:
607:
577:
535:
525:
465:Heimskringla
463:
453:
442:
432:
387:
380:
375:Sol Invictus
360:
327:
297:
283:
272:
244:
238:
215:
201:experiences
199:polar region
158:
154:
152:
85:Celebrations
77:Significance
2730:Outer space
2677:Calan Gaeaf
2458:Anglo-Saxon
2456:: England (
2440:°: Scotland
2327:Zoroastrian
2291:We Tripantu
2102:20 December
1996:21 December
1444:Thai Pongal
1229:We Tripantu
1199:Shabe Yalda
667:Observation
614:Yalda night
610:Yalda night
604:Yaldā Night
564:= Yuzuyu).
439:Old English
279:slaughtered
50:Also called
2764:Categories
2655:Calan Awst
2649:Lughnasadh
2506:: Baltic (
2484:Wren's Day
2478:Saturnalia
2337:East Asian
2257:Inti Raymi
2236:Dzon'ku Nu
2129:2015-12-21
1971:2022-08-01
1875:2018-03-03
1843:Wiktionary
1817:Wiktionary
1553:Stonehenge
1524:January 2,
1461:References
1414:Joss paper
1409:HumanLight
1301:Saturnalia
1239:Willkakuti
1219:Uttarayana
1183:Antarctica
1155:Inti Raymi
725:September
647:Saturnalia
556:hot bath (
484:East Asian
382:Saturnalia
338:Stonehenge
334:Bronze Age
332:and early
306:Saturnalia
259:Stonehenge
42:Stonehenge
40:Sunset at
2790:Solstices
2706:Astronomy
2644:Midsummer
2633:Calan Mai
2607:Gŵyl Fair
2592:Midwinter
2454:Mōdraniht
2426:Christian
2422:Christmas
2312:Amaterasu
2293:: Chile (
2271:Caribbean
2259:°: Peru (
2213:festivals
2211:midwinter
2155:3 January
1799:0065-0897
1696:145151430
1688:0009-6407
1434:Midsummer
1315:Christian
1275:(ancient
1149:East Asia
728:December
683:solstices
679:equinoxes
659:First Man
657:When the
534:, called
528:East Asia
500:Amaterasu
449:Christmas
444:midwinter
423:Neolithic
414:Midwinter
351:Trilithon
342:Newgrange
330:Neolithic
322:Newgrange
275:Neolithic
255:Newgrange
247:festivals
234:temperate
230:midwinter
54:Midwinter
2754:Holidays
2525:Matariki
2498:Germanic
2444:Korochun
2438:Hogmanay
2416:Brumalia
2387:: Iran (
2369:Buddhist
2267:Jonkonnu
2250:Americas
2228:: Mali (
1849:26 March
1823:26 March
1404:Hanukkah
1394:Festivus
1362:See also
1267:Germanic
1169:Korochun
1135:Brumalia
710:solstice
700:solstice
685:on Earth
651:Kalendae
580:Sanskrit
558:Japanese
540:(冬至) in
504:Kunisada
425:site of
408:Germanic
363:Aurelian
302:New Year
294:Hogmanay
207:twilight
187:solstice
183:Southern
179:Northern
88:Feasting
2692:Portals
2671:Samhain
2627:Beltane
2518:Oceania
2389:Persian
2379:Kurdish
2318:Choimus
2314:: Japan
2295:Mapuche
1721:: 248.
1719:Peeters
1449:Tekufah
1424:Kwanzaa
1419:Koliada
1253:Western
1233:Mapuche
1209:Shalako
1165:Koliada
1092:azimuth
705:equinox
695:equinox
627:Aggadic
598:Iranian
542:Chinese
537:Dongzhi
520:Beijing
298:redding
286:Sun god
239:Dongzhi
132:seasons
2620:Ostara
2601:Imbolc
2508:Romuva
2480:: Rome
2399:Europe
2347:Pongal
2279:: US (
2240:Papaws
2219:Africa
2063:
1929:
1902:
1813:"Yule"
1797:
1787:
1694:
1686:
1590:
1486:
1454:Tirgan
1295:Yazidi
1277:Latvia
1243:Aymara
1173:Slavic
1076:14:14
1047:08:20
1018:02:43
989:20:50
960:15:03
931:09:20
902:03:28
873:21:48
844:15:59
815:10:03
786:04:19
719:March
716:month
691:event
621:Judaic
568:Indian
462:. The
261:, and
218:winter
146:, and
2718:Stars
2666:Mabon
2529:Māori
2488:Celts
2472:Celts
2448:Slavs
2410:Saami
2406:Beiwe
2385:Yalda
2359:Hindu
2355:India
2343:Lohri
2277:Soyal
2230:Dogon
1839:"jul"
1717:(3).
1692:S2CID
1429:Lohri
1339:India
1325:Korea
1249:Yaldā
1223:India
1119:Welsh
1070:17:37
1064:01:48
1058:08:01
1052:2029
1041:11:45
1035:20:02
1029:02:17
1023:2028
1012:06:02
1006:14:11
1000:20:25
994:2027
983:00:06
977:08:25
971:14:46
965:2026
954:18:20
948:02:42
942:09:02
936:2025
925:12:44
919:20:51
913:03:07
907:2024
896:06:50
890:14:58
884:21:25
878:2023
867:01:04
861:09:14
855:15:33
849:2022
838:19:21
832:03:32
826:09:37
820:2021
809:13:31
803:21:43
797:03:50
791:2020
780:07:50
774:15:54
768:21:58
762:2019
757:time
751:time
745:time
739:time
733:year
722:June
637:that
588:Surya
546:Japan
544:. In
251:rites
167:poles
163:Earth
2596:Yule
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