421:, to an unsuspecting volunteer and then seat them in the chair. In the course of a polite conversation, Blatz would press a button causing the chair to collapse and the volunteer would fall to the floor onto the base of their spine. The electrocardiograph then measured the volunteer's emotions through the change in heartbeat and other physical reactions. On several occasions, Blatz had been forced to flee the room when his subjects lost their tempers.
489:
theory was aimed at emancipation and the development of responsibility; it emphasized the importance of gradually increasing the child's freedom to make decisions independently, to experience consequences—both successes and failures, and to acquire effective ways of coping with those consequences. Due to the general similarities between the theories in addition to Blatz's role as
471:
theories of psychology; he asserted that "it is not necessary to postulate an unconscious." During his academic career, he also stated that some children might be better educated by studying music rather than reading, writing and arithmetic and defended the practice of teaching children to believe in
488:
According to Blatz's security theory, children initially need to develop a feeling of complete trust in their caregivers—dependent security. This secure base gives them the courage to explore, take risks, learn and eventually develop trust in themselves—independent security. Thus, Blatz's security
484:
Blatz postulated security as the primary goal of the human being, but conceptualized security not as safety—a static state that is subject to crisis and hence an insecure state—but as a dynamic state. Security was for him a state of mind, characterized by serenity, which grew out of trust in one's
28:
443:
with
Clarence M. Hincks to survey the need for child welfare in war-time. As a result of a discussion with the British Ministry of Health, Blatz returned to England in 1942 with five staff psychologists to set up the Garrison Lane Nursery Training Centre in
330:
Blatz's theory posited that in infancy and early childhood, the child needs to create a secure base with its caregivers in order to gain the courage necessary to brave the insecurity implicit in exploring the world, and argued that a lack of
448:, which served as a model nursery school for the training of day care workers. In 1946, he advised the Canadian Government to set standards and regulations for nurseries, and married his second wife, Annie Louisa Barnard Harris.
485:
ability to deal with the future. He stated it was a state of mind that accompanies a willingness to accept the consequences of one's decisions, and argued that security was acquired through early experience.
428:, and became assistant professor of the university's psychology department. He also traveled throughout the United States, visiting nurseries, and became research director of the
451:
In 1960, Blatz retired as director of the
Institute of Child Study and in 1963 retired as professor of psychology at the University of Toronto. In 1964, he completed a draft of
366:
Victoria was driven and intelligent, put an emphasis on academic endeavor and "assumed all her children would do well in school." Blatz did do well in school, and received his
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417:
While in
Chicago, he designed an electrically operated collapsible chair with which he attempted to measure human emotions. He would attach electrodes, connected to an
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at the age of 69. He was survived by his wife, Annie, his daughter, Margery Elsie Blatz, and his grandchildren, Jeffrey and James.
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634:"From Secure Dependency to Attachment: Mary Ainsworth's Integration of Blatz's Security Theory into Bowlby's Attachment Theory"
424:
Blatz was then recalled to the
University of Toronto by Dr. Edward A. Bott and Dr. Clarence M. Hincks to head the university's
1069:
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in 1870. They married in
Hamilton, Ontario in 1871, and William Emet was the youngest of nine children in the family.
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but was rejected due to his German lineage and instead returned to the
University of Toronto to treat
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from 1925 until his retirement in 1960. He authored numerous books and was known for his creation of
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on June 30, 1895, to German parents. His father, Leo Victor Blatz, had moved to Canada from
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432:. In 1927, he was appointed consultant psychologist to the Toronto Juvenile Court.
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in adulthood are born out of a failure to develop a secure base in childhood.
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394:. After the war, he began studying medicine, and graduated in 1921 with a
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Early
Childhood Care and Education in Canada: Past, Present, and Future
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407:
371:
215:
632:
van
Rosmalen, Lenny; van der Horst, Frank; van der Veer, René (2016).
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from the
University of Toronto. He then received a scholarship at the
940:
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493:'s doctoral advisor, security theory can be seen as a precursor to
439:, and supervised their development until 1938. In 1941, he was in
509:(1924). Chicago: University of Chicago, Department of Psychology.
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440:
78:
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402:, where he met his first wife Margery Rowland and received his
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in 1868, while his mother, Victoria Mary Mesmer—a relation to
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360:
737:"Hostages to Peace: Parents and the Children of Democracy"
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519:
Hostages to Peace: Parents and the
Children of Democracy.
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In 1935, he was appointed educational consultant to the
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Dynamic-maturational model of attachment and adaptation
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Panayotidis, Euthalia Lisa; Stortz, Paul James (2006).
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1080:
Presidents of the Canadian Psychological Association
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609:Historical Identities: The Professoriate in Canada
636:. American Psychological Association. p. 24.
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718:"The Five Sisters: A Study in Child Psychology"
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685:
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382:the following year, then attempted to join the
513:The Five Sisters: A Study in Child Psychology.
430:Canadian National Committee for Mental Hygiene
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539:(1966). Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
533:(1951). Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
507:A Psychological Study of the Emotion of Fear.
611:. University of Toronto Press. p. 359.
531:Twenty-Five Years of Child Study, 1926-1951.
234:A Psychological Study of the Emotion of Fear
675:. Harris & Associated Families History.
586:. University of Toronto Press. p. 13.
792:
778:
304:; June 30, 1895 – November 1, 1964) was a
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188: 1946; died 1964)
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671:Harris, James F. (September 4, 2014).
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640:
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773:
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652:"William E. Blatz, Psychologist, 69"
650:Staff writer(s) (November 2, 1964).
1075:20th-century Canadian psychologists
993:Attachment-based therapy (children)
686:Staff writer(s) (August 20, 2016).
13:
1003:Dyadic developmental psychotherapy
32:Dr. Blatz with a young child, 1961
14:
1091:
1055:Canadian people of German descent
690:. Dods & McNair Funeral Home.
537:Human Security: Some Reflections.
584:Human Security: Some Reflections
453:Human Security: Some Reflections
277:
161:
756:"Understanding the Young Child"
747:
728:
688:"Margery Elsie deRoux Obituary"
527:(1944). Toronto: Clarke, Irwin.
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347:William Emet Blatz was born in
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998:Attachment-based psychotherapy
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525:Understanding the Young Child.
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1050:People from Hamilton, Ontario
855:Fathers as attachment figures
673:"Annie Louisa Barnard Harris"
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1070:University of Toronto alumni
1065:University of Chicago alumni
1019:History of attachment theory
906:Patricia McKinsey Crittenden
875:Reactive attachment disorder
557:Pearson, Kenneth H. (1977).
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1060:Developmental psychologists
455:and on November 1, died in
174:Annie Louisa Barnard Harris
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309:developmental psychologist
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705:. UBC Press. p. 101.
521:(1940). New York: Morrow.
515:(1938). New York: Morrow.
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701:Prochner, Larry (2011).
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426:Institute of Child Study
390:veterans along with Dr.
333:psychological resilience
317:Institute of Child Study
311:who was director of the
870:Object relations theory
825:Attachment in children
559:Encyclopedia Canadiana
410:under the tutelage of
986:Clinical applications
835:Attachment and health
582:Blatz, W. E. (2016).
400:University of Chicago
384:Canadian Armed Forces
376:University of Toronto
313:University of Toronto
113:University of Chicago
94:University of Toronto
967:Attachment parenting
865:Maternal deprivation
820:Attachment in adults
160: 1922;
840:Attachment measures
830:Attachment disorder
972:Attachment therapy
951:Nikolaas Tinbergen
657:The New York Times
437:Dionne quintuplets
419:electrocardiograph
273:William Emet Blatz
42:William Emet Blatz
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884:Notable theorists
845:Attachment theory
801:Attachment theory
495:attachment theory
374:in 1916 from the
349:Hamilton, Ontario
325:attachment theory
323:, a precursor to
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257:Doctoral students
206:Scientific career
56:Hamilton, Ontario
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977:Candace Newmaker
896:William E. Blatz
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561:. p. 408.
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467:Blatz rejected
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337:self-confidence
321:security theory
306:German-Canadian
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921:Harry Harlow
911:Erik Erikson
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357:Franz Mesmer
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69:(1964-11-01)
1045:1964 deaths
1040:1895 births
960:Controversy
901:John Bowlby
474:Santa Claus
1034:Categories
946:René Spitz
618:0802090001
568:0717216039
544:References
446:Birmingham
408:psychology
372:physiology
216:Psychology
48:1895-06-30
941:Mary Main
414:in 1924.
343:Biography
469:Freudian
353:Würzburg
197:Children
81:, Canada
58:, Canada
457:Toronto
441:England
190:
182:
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166:
154:
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136:Spouses
79:Ontario
75:Toronto
1012:Others
808:Theory
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590:
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239:(1924)
237:
228:Thesis
212:Fields
463:Works
361:Mainz
184:(
180:
156:(
152:
613:ISBN
588:ISBN
563:ISBN
404:Ph.D
335:and
162:div.
118:Ph.D
64:Died
38:Born
406:in
370:in
315:'s
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758:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
