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664:, an abolitionist poet, as the first woman to teach at the school. In 1859 Sarah Jane Woodson began to teach at Wilberforce. She was a 1856 graduate of Oberlin College. She was the youngest sister of one of the original trustees, Lewis Woodson. She was the first black American to teach at a historically black college or university. She returned to Wilberforce in 1866 after it reopened in a position of greater responsibility.
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faults. In summary, the OIG found that the university did not comply with Title IV, HEA requirements because of administrative problems, including staff turnover, insufficient financial aid staff, failure to have written procedures, and lack of communication with other offices. The university worked with auditors to set up appropriate staff and procedures.
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In 1941, the normal/industrial department was expanded by development of a four-year curriculum. In 1947, this section was split from the university and given independent status. It was renamed as
Central State College in 1951. With further development of programs and departments, in 1965 it achieved
898:
In 2008 the US Department of
Education, Office of the Inspector General (OIG) completed an audit of financial management, specifically the university's management of Title IV funds, which related to its work-study program. For the two-year audit period (2004–2005, 2005–2006) the audit found numerous
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settled, many having moved across the Ohio River from the South to find better work and living conditions. Some were pushed from
Southern states, which often required newly manumitted individuals to leave within a certain time period. Xenia had quite a large free black population, as did other towns
612:
term for "clear or golden water". This color was associated with the natural springs nearby because of its high iron content. White people had founded the health resort in 1851 because of the springs, which they also called Yellow
Springs. The waters had long been reputed to have health benefits.
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The outbreak of the Civil War threatened the college's finances. The
Southern planters withdrew their children, and no more paying students came from the South. The Methodist church said it had to divert its resources to support the war. The college closed temporarily in 1862 when the Cincinnati
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and industrial (CNI) department at
Wilberforce College. While this created complications for administration and questions about the mission of the college, in the near term it brought tens of thousands of dollars annually in state aid to the campus. Each state legislator could award an annual
671:
sons and daughters of wealthy white planters and their enslaved
African-American mistresses. The fathers paid for the educations that were denied their children in the South. They were among the fathers who did not abandon their mixed-race children but provided them with the
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745:-dominated state legislature that brought considerable financial support and political patronage to the college. It negotiated contemporary pressures to emphasize industrial education for many black youth by accommodating both that and the classical education.
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The college became a center of black cultural and intellectual life in southwestern Ohio. Because the area did not receive many
European immigrants, blacks had more opportunities at diverse work. Xenia and nearby towns developed a professional black elite.
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822:. He was a future AME bishop and became president of Wilberforce. These men were also prominent in the American Negro Academy, founded in 1897 to support the work of scholars, writers and other intellectuals. In 1969 the organization was revived as the
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scholarship to the CNI department at
Wilberforce, enabling hundreds of African-American students to attend classes. The state-funded students could complete liberal arts at the college, and students at Wilberforce could also take "industrial" classes.
695:, in 1863 the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) decided to buy the college to ensure its survival; they paid the cost of its debt. They sold another property to raise the money. Founders were Bishop Payne, who was selected as its president;
1836:(2010) explores the lives of several enslaved women of color brought to the Tawawa House resort during the summers by their Southern white masters. They were among the visitors in the years before the property was bought for use as the college.
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to Africa. The church helped support such students with scholarships, as well as arranging board with local families. An 1898 report published by the AME Church listed the university as having 20 faculty, 334 students, and 246 graduates.
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Generations of leaders: teachers, ministers, doctors, politicians and college administrators, and later men and women of all occupations, have been educated at the university. In the 19th century, Bishop Payne established his dream, a
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to meet graduation requirements. The cooperative program places students in internships that provide practical work experience in addition to academic training. It has been a required part of the curriculum at
Wilberforce since 1966.
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Science, Engineering, Mathematics and Aerospace Academy (SEMAA) and the associated Aerospace Education Laboratory (AEL). It was attended by Bernice G. Alston, deputy assistant administrator of NASA's office of Education, and
1726:
Composer and conductor; the first African American to conduct a major American orchestra, the first to have a symphony performed by a leading orchestra, and the first to have an opera performed by a major opera company
483:, also in Wilberforce, Ohio, began as a department of Wilberforce University. The college was founded in 1856 to provide classical education and teacher training for black youth. It was named for the English statesman
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Men's sports include basketball, cross country, golf and track & field (indoor and outdoor); while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, spirit teams and track & field (indoor and outdoor).
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in the years before the Civil War. Wilberforce College also supported freedom-seeking slaves. Many of these free people of color were also had Native ancestry, Daniel Payne himself being of Catawba descent.
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in 1846. Some people in this area of abolitionist sentiment were shocked when wealthy white Southern planters patronized the resort with their entourages of enslaved African-American mistresses and
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was president, the first African American to become a college president in the United States. In the late 19th century, Wilberforce enlarged its mission to include black students from
565:(AME Church). They planned to promote classical education and teacher training for black youth. Among the first 24 members of the tri-racial board of trustees in 1855 were Bishop
837:
Growth of Wilberforce University after the mid-20th century led to construction of a new campus in 1967, located one mile (1.6 km) away. In 1974, the area was devastated by an
578:
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within the Continental Athletic Conference during the 2023–24 academic year; which they were a member on a previous stint from 2012–13 to 2021–22. The Bulldogs competed in the
704:
1442:
Politician, civil rights activist and president emeritus of the Dayton Branch NAACP; considered one of the most influential African Americans in the history of Dayton, Ohio
1324:
First female African-American officer in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps; commanding officer of the first battalion of African American women to serve overseas during WWII
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860:; Shorter Hall, built in 1922; and the Charles Leander Hill Gymnasium, built in 1958. The former residence of Charles Young near Wilberforce was designated as a
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in the southwestern part of the state, what developed as Wilberforce University was founded as a collaboration among leaders of the Cincinnati Conference of the
4996:
1027:, Wilberforce had a 7% graduation rate within the standard four-year period of study in 2024, making it one of the least successful universities in the world.
502:(1861–65) caused the college to close in 1862 because of reduced enrollment and financial losses. The AME Church purchased the institution in 1863, and Bishop
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1741:
African-American doctor notable for self-defense in 1925 against a white mob's attempt to force him out of his Detroit neighborhood, and acquittal at trial
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122:
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530:.) In the 19th century, discrimination against Blacks was legal, and the white colleges that would accept Black students could be counted on one hand (
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Owner and designer of Clearview Golf Club, the first integrated golf course in America and the first owned and designed by an African American
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Richard Rust, 1858–1862 (under the joint board of trustees representing the Methodist Episcopal and African Methodist Episcopal churches)
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Politician and civil rights activist; considered one of the most influential African Americans in the history of Kansas City, Missouri
320:
2263:"Board of Trustees Announce Executive Vice President and Provost as 22nd President of Wilberforce University – Wilberforce University"
1474:, and an early African American architect in Oklahoma and Tennessee; he did not graduate from Wilberforce University but took classes
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and at the time the only African-American commissioned officer in the US Army, led the newly established military science department.
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593:; a member of the Ohio State Legislature, and other Methodist leaders from the white community. They named the college after the
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each contributed $ 10,000 to rebuild the college. Mary E. Monroe, another white supporter, contributed $ 4200. In addition, the
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Students also participate in the following intramural sports: basketball, softball, volleyball, flag football, and tennis.
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As a base for the college, the Cincinnati Conference bought a hotel, cottages and 54 acres (220,000 m) of a former
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By 1860 the private university had more than 200 students. It is notable that most were from the South, the "natural"
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1899:"The Sons of Allen: Together with a Sketch of the Rise and Progress of Wilberforce University, Wilberforce, Ohio 1906"
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fire damaged some of the buildings in 1865, Payne went to his network to appeal for aid in rebuilding the college.
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approved a $ 25,000 grant for the college, which raised additional monies privately from a wide range of donors.
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The Sons of Allen: Together with a Sketch of the Rise and Progress of Wilberforce University, Wilberforce, Ohio
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1994:
The Sons of Allen: Together with a Sketch of the Rise and Progress of Wilberforce University, Wilberforce, Ohio
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Wilberforce College was founded to educate African-American students. Twenty years earlier, a similar plan in
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2066:"Wilberforce University's Administration of the Title IV, Higher Education Act Programs: Final Audit Report"
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Minister, abolitionist, and United States Representative from South Carolina from 1873–1875 and 1877-1879
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from 1936 to 1961. He also coached at Jarvis Christian College, Bishop College, Texas College; member of
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2537:"Commission on the Status of Women. Report and Recommendations to the Governor and the General Assembly"
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2409:"Wilberforce University Slated to Join Gulf Coast Athletic Conference in 2024 - Wilberforce University"
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Woodson, Byron, "This land... is now our mother country..." (Chapel Hill, Wisdom Books, 2022) , 125.
1938:
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Who's Who of the Colored Race: A General Biographical Dictionary of Men and Women of African Descent
608:
property near Xenia. It was named Tawawa House after the springs in the area, a word derived from a
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Because of its location, this resort area had attracted summer people from both Cincinnati and
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711:. Payne was the first African American to become a college president in the United States.
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The Wilberforce athletic teams are called the Bulldogs. The university is a member of the
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2666:"Green Pinckney Russell of Kentucky Normal and Industrial Institute for Colored Persons"
648:. Free blacks and anti-slavery white supporters used houses in Xenia as stations on the
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777:, which was named in his honor. Top-ranking scholars taught at the college, including
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as the first president. Overriding some protest by men, in the 1850s the college hired
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Additional leading scholars taught at the college in the early 20th century, such as
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2363:. Vol. 27, no. 8. Johnson Publishing Company. Ebony. June 1972. p. 86
856:, built in 1909 with matching funds from the Carnegie Foundation, and listed on the
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In 2021 the university announced it was cutting tuition by 15% for Ohio residents.
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As an act of political patronage, the state legislature established a commercial,
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2633:"Rep. Demetrius Newton, first black pro tem in Alabama House, has died (updated)"
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Universities and colleges affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church
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1944:, New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 259–260, accessed Jan 13, 2009
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2213:"Dr. Algeania Warren Freeman Named 20th President of Wilberforce University"
879:, to provide exhibits and outreach to the region. It is now operated by the
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2238:"Herman Felton Jr. Named President of Ohio's Wilberforce University | Afro"
1734:
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The first female NAACP president in 1949, civil right leader and activist.
1364:. Former associate dean of graduate studies at the University of Michigan.
1048:
In October 2006, Wilberforce held the grand opening and dedication for the
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1955:
Discarded Legacy: Politics and Poetics in the Life of Frances E. W. Harper
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The college opened for classes in 1856, and by 1858 its trustees selected
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Universities and colleges affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal Church
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2385:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Archived from
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pastor at Cosmopolitan Community Church in Chicago from 1932 to 1966
868:, in recognition of his significant and groundbreaking career in the
2722:. Wilberforce Payne Unified Library. January 2, 2010. Archived from
5012:
Antebellum educational institutions that admitted African Americans
2431:"Wilberforce Joins The Mid-South Conference | Mid-South Conference"
1201:
Jazz and rhythm and blues bandleader, singer, pianist, and drummer
2988:
1855:"National Register Information System – (#04000610)"
1503:
served in the Missouri House of Representatives from 1970 to 1984
1081:
since the 2024-2025 academic year. They previously competed as an
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Historically black universities and colleges in the United States
4900:
2594:"Florence Lesueur, ex-president, director of NAACP branch; at 93"
869:
792:, and John G. Mitchell, dean of the seminary. In 1894 Lieutenant
609:
472:
915:, 1863–1876, first president of the college under AME operation
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Given migration patterns, this was also an area where numerous
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American school administrator, college president, and teacher
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249:
2002:, 2000, University of North Carolina, accessed Jul 25, 2008
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Civil rights activist and Baháʼí faith activist, wife of
756:
By the mid-1890s, the college also admitted students from
2383:"NASA Education Facility Opens at Wilberforce University"
2036:"Wilberforce to cut tuition by 15% for in-state students"
1957:
1825-1911. Detroit: Wayne State University, 1994, pp. 38.
1620:
First African American state legislator in New Hampshire
1356:
Twelfth African-American to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics (
1089:(MSC) during the 2022–23 school year, and in the defunct
2546:: Illinois Commission on the Status of Women. p. 26
553:
Located three miles (5 km) from the county seat of
2649:. Morning Journal News. January 2, 2010. Archived from
601:. Rev Campbell Maxwell later became a trustee in 1896.
1876:
1874:
1531:
City commissioner and first African American mayor of
16:
Historically black university in Wilberforce, Ohio, US
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2024:(1). Educational Department of the A.M.E. Church: 47.
1974:
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1932:
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1905:. University of North Carolina. pp. 264–268, 273
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In 1888 the AME Church came to an agreement with the
707:, principal of the Eastern District Public School of
1035:
Wilberforce requires all students to participate in
818:, the first African American to earn a PhD from the
270:
Carnegie Library (Old Wilberforce University Campus)
2502:Musser, Ashley; Dutton, Julie (February 11, 2016).
1871:
2720:"History of Wilberforce University: Bayard Rustin"
1969:
1917:
1360:, 1944). First African-American faculty member at
3089:Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion
2504:"Illinois Women in Congress and General Assembly"
1075:National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics
877:National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center
581:, all of the AME Church. Also on the Board were
4963:
4347:
3280:Cincinnati State Technical and Community College
2739:Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction
1823:
852:Older campus buildings still in use include the
5002:Buildings and structures in Greene County, Ohio
4250:North Carolina Central University School of Law
2870:Universities and colleges affiliated with the
2187:"Wilberforce University president to step down"
1077:(NAIA), primarily competing as a member of the
2990:Colleges and universities in the state of Ohio
680:Methodist Church was unable to fund it fully.
327:
302:
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2462:. Vol. 1. Chicago, Illinois. p. 32.
2335:"Wilberforce University: Yesterday and Today"
2288:"President's Corner - Wilberforce University"
1291:First African-American woman to serve in the
875:In the 1970s, the university established the
4302:Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
4297:Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association
3507:Historically black colleges and universities
2501:
1813:Historically black colleges and universities
1764:; inspired the 2016 biographical drama film
883:. The university also supports the national
2361:"Wilberforce Dared to Go Co-Op All the Way"
1758:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
1456:Business executive and civil rights leader
893:
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2472:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4982:Private universities and colleges in Ohio
4240:Florida A&M University College of Law
2761:"A tender spot in master-slave relations"
2742:(Oxford University Press 1988): 205-206.
2495:
2231:
2229:
2160:Wilberforce University Catalog, 2017-2018
2058:
1892:
1890:
1818:1931 Wilberforce Green Wave football team
1756:American mathematician whose work at the
1151:Playwright, librarian, and member of the
687:Daniel Alexander Payne in the early 1890s
278:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
4701:
2337:. Wilberforce University. Archived from
2178:
2085:. Wilberforce University. Archived from
1598:Opera singer and first African American
1392:U.S. Congressman, Wilberforce President
1030:
682:
2204:
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2011:
1896:
885:Association of African American Museums
620:, particularly after completion of the
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3850:Interdenominational Theological Center
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1887:
845:, which destroyed much of the city of
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3084:Franciscan University of Steubenville
2962:
2843:
2785:Nelson, Samantha (January 28, 2010).
2235:
2075:
1677:Labor leader, civil rights organizer
1043:
676:of education and sometimes property.
4918:
2534:
2487:"First of the Kind in That Section,"
2375:
2327:
2184:
1860:National Register of Historic Places
858:National Register of Historic Places
1847:
849:and the old campus of Wilberforce.
526:), and was quickly abandoned. (See
13:
3415:Washington State Community College
3054:Cleveland Institute of Electronics
2872:African Methodist Episcopal Church
2566:"Receives Masters in Architecture"
2515:Illinois Legislative Research Unit
1011:Vann R. Newkirk, Sr., 2023–present
728:Supreme Court of the United States
563:African Methodist Episcopal Church
469:African Methodist Episcopal Church
111:African Methodist Episcopal Church
69:By one's own toil, effort, courage
14:
5028:
3365:Northwest State Community College
3360:Northeast Ohio Medical University
3310:Eastern Gateway Community College
3114:Kettering College of Medical Arts
2810:
2210:
2014:"Our Schools from Latest Reports"
1549:Former college football coach at
1470:American architect, professor at
1293:Illinois House of Representatives
1187:University president and founder
1137:Pioneering civil rights activist
1108:
1063:Ohio's 7th congressional district
1008:Elfred Anthony Pinkard, 2018–2023
824:Black Academy of Arts and Letters
4992:Education in Greene County, Ohio
4944:
4927:
4899:
4887:
4875:
4431:
4292:Southwestern Athletic Conference
3395:Southern State Community College
3300:Columbus State Community College
3194:Mount Vernon Nazarene University
1005:Herman J. Felton, Jr., 2016–2018
326:
319:
301:
294:
34:
4287:Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference
4282:Florida's Black Junior Colleges
4260:Thurgood Marshall School of Law
4245:Howard University School of Law
3451:Cincinnati Christian University
3340:Lorain County Community College
3154:University of Northwestern Ohio
3039:Case Western Reserve University
2778:
2752:
2730:
2712:
2657:
2639:
2625:
2596:. June 29, 1991. Archived from
2586:
2574:. September 11, 1954. p. 1
2558:
2528:
2480:
2449:
2423:
2401:
2353:
2302:
2280:
2255:
2126:
2101:
2042:. June 25, 2021. Archived from
2028:
960:Charles Leander Hill, 1947–1956
807:, a politician, theologian and
534:, Iowa (1879, first graduate);
51:Wilberforce College (1856–1965)
4588:Ohio Wesleyan Battling Bishops
4513:Baldwin Wallace Yellow Jackets
4255:Southern University Law Center
4148:Mississippi Industrial College
3315:Edison State Community College
3270:Central Ohio Technical College
3265:Bowling Green State University
2836:, University of North Carolina
2834:Documenting the American South
2456:Mather, Frank Lincoln (1915).
2185:Pant, Meagan (July 17, 2013).
2012:Hawkins, John R., ed. (1898).
2005:
1985:
1960:
1947:
1760:(NACA), predecessor agency to
1230:Educator, writer and activist
1100:
796:, the third black graduate of
760:, as part of the AME Church's
699:, pastor of the AME Church in
487:, who achieved the end of the
428:
40:Seal of Wilberforce University
1:
4855:Webber International Warriors
4636:Mount Vernon Nazarene Cougars
4528:Case Western Reserve Spartans
4234:David A. Clarke School of Law
3405:Terra State Community College
3325:James A. Rhodes State College
2787:"Dolen Perkins-Valdez: Wench"
2236:Staff, AFRO (July 22, 2016).
1840:
1824:Representation in other media
1555:College Football Hall of Fame
1000:Algeania Marie Warren Freeman
924:Samuel T. Mitchell, 1884–1900
902:
841:tornado that was part of the
546:(later Oberlin College); and
461:historically black university
335:Show map of the United States
81:historically black university
4348:College sports teams in Ohio
4158:Mount Hermon Female Seminary
3900:Morehouse School of Medicine
3059:Cleveland Institute of Music
2535:Bone, Jan, ed. (June 1974).
1068:
1016:
966:Charles E. Taylor, 1976–1984
963:Rembert E. Stokes, 1956–1976
544:Oberlin Collegiate Institute
522:, was met with a near-riot (
475:to be owned and operated by
92:; 168 years ago
7:
5017:1856 establishments in Ohio
4646:Ohio Christian Trailblazers
4578:Oberlin Yeomen and Yeowomen
4058:Central Mississippi College
3830:Florida Memorial University
3425:Youngstown State University
3355:North Central State College
3139:Mount St. Joseph University
1806:
1634:Jazz composer and theorist
1093:from 1999–2000 to 2011–12.
1091:American Mideast Conference
939:Gilbert H. Jones, 1924–1932
10:
5033:
4573:Muskingum Fighting Muskies
4568:Mount Union Purple Raiders
4543:Heidelberg Student Princes
3390:Sinclair Community College
3335:Lakeland Community College
3305:Cuyahoga Community College
3295:Cleveland State University
3049:Cleveland Institute of Art
3024:Baldwin Wallace University
2933:Shorter College (Arkansas)
2822:Official athletics website
2682:10.1177/002193479502500506
1472:Tennessee State University
927:Joshua H. Jones, 1900–1908
862:National Historic Landmark
820:University of Pennsylvania
636:in southern Ohio, such as
589:and a strong supporter of
559:Methodist Episcopal Church
513:
18:
4798:Indiana Wesleyan Wildcats
4763:
4711:
4616:
4583:Ohio Northern Polar Bears
4548:John Carroll Blue Streaks
4503:
4455:Cedarville Yellow Jackets
4440:
4429:
4423:Youngstown State Penguins
4388:Kent State Golden Flashes
4353:
4277:Atlanta University Center
4269:
4226:
4033:
3765:
3518:
3467:University System of Ohio
3464:
3438:
3260:Belmont Technical College
3247:
3174:Ohio Dominican University
3169:Ohio Christian University
3144:University of Mount Union
3014:Art Academy of Cincinnati
2996:
2878:
730:, and Charles Avery from
703:and a future bishop; and
447:
439:
427:NRHP reference
426:
418:
410:
402:
394:
357:
344:
288:
284:
275:
268:
264:
260:
244:
228:
218:
201:
193:
146:
138:
128:
116:
104:
86:
73:
63:
55:
45:
33:
4641:Northwestern Ohio Racers
4307:HBCU Athletic Conference
3663:Mississippi Valley State
3385:Shawnee State University
3345:Marion Technical College
3285:University of Cincinnati
3275:Central State University
3199:University of Rio Grande
3184:Ohio Wesleyan University
3179:Ohio Northern University
2908:Edward Waters University
2670:Journal of Black Studies
2664:Hardin, John A. (1995).
2314:US News and World Report
2310:"Wilberforce University"
2166:. Wilberforce University
2138:University of Cincinnati
1897:Talbert, Horace (2000).
1699:Theophilus Gould Steward
1406:Musician; member of the
1079:HBCU Athletic Conference
1024:US News and World Report
936:John A. Gregg, 1920–1924
894:2008 Financial aid audit
832:Central State University
805:Theophilus Gould Steward
548:New-York Central College
481:Central State University
471:(AME), it was the first
419:Architectural style
398:0.5 acres (0.20 ha)
21:Central State University
19:Not to be confused with
4626:Defiance Yellow Jackets
4553:Kenyon Lords and Ladies
4480:Ohio Dominican Panthers
4460:Central State Marauders
4378:Cleveland State Vikings
3658:Maryland, Eastern Shore
3420:Wright State University
3380:Owens Community College
3104:John Carroll University
2759:O'Neal Parker, Lonnae.
2109:"Dr. Rembert E. Stokes"
1783:American jazz musician
881:Ohio Historical Society
467:. Affiliated with the
4972:Wilberforce University
4914:Wilberforce University
4608:Wooster Fighting Scots
4563:Mount St. Joseph Lions
4163:New Orleans University
4143:Miner Teachers College
4128:Lincoln Junior College
3960:Southwestern Christian
3683:North Carolina Central
3678:North Carolina A&T
3219:Wilberforce University
2948:Wilberforce University
2613:Cite journal requires
1685:Susie Lankford Shorter
1642:Green Pinckney Russell
1570:Civil rights attorney
1358:University of Michigan
945:, 1932–1936, 1941–1942
943:Richard R. Wright, Jr.
931:William S. Scarborough
866:Department of Interior
816:Richard R. Wright, Jr.
786:William S. Scarborough
688:
520:New Haven, Connecticut
454:Wilberforce University
348:1055 North Bickett Rd.
29:Wilberforce University
4368:Bowling Green Falcons
3955:Simmons College (Ky.)
3653:Lincoln, Pennsylvania
3446:Chancellor University
3370:Ohio State University
3330:Kent State University
3229:Wittenberg University
3094:Heidelberg University
3079:University of Findlay
3044:Cedarville University
2653:on November 11, 2013.
2635:. September 11, 2013.
2600:on February 19, 2018.
2544:Springfield, Illinois
2511:Springfield, Illinois
2492:Feb. 12, 1890, pg. 2.
2490:Indianapolis Journal,
2000:Documenting the South
1903:Documenting the South
1865:National Park Service
1310:Minister, AME bishop
1263:1883-1891, 1911-1914
1195:Myron (Tiny) Bradshaw
1037:cooperative education
1031:Cooperative education
830:university status as
686:
622:Little Miami Railroad
230:Sporting affiliations
178:39.70750°N 83.88056°W
118:Academic affiliations
106:Religious affiliation
65:Motto in English
4781:Edward Waters Tigers
4704:Mid-South Conference
4661:Wilberforce Bulldogs
4413:Wright State Raiders
4133:Louisville Municipal
4048:Booker T. Washington
3713:Southern–New Orleans
3703:South Carolina State
3688:Prairie View A&M
3593:Elizabeth City State
3410:University of Toledo
3189:Otterbein University
3149:Muskingum University
3064:University of Dayton
2923:Morris Brown College
2898:Daniel Payne College
2726:on October 30, 2020.
2389:on November 16, 2006
2341:on February 26, 2007
2134:"Dr. John Henderson"
1830:Dolen Perkins-Valdez
1542:Arnett "Ace" Mumford
1318:Charity Adams Earley
1170:U.S. Foreign Service
1087:Mid-South Conference
970:Yvonne Walker Taylor
775:theological seminary
662:Frances E. W. Harper
650:Underground Railroad
633:free people of color
628:"natural" children.
595:British abolitionist
524:New Haven Excitement
498:The outbreak of the
134:Vann R. Newkirk, Sr.
4656:Shawnee State Bears
4651:Rio Grande RedStorm
4631:Lourdes Gray Wolves
4593:Otterbein Cardinals
4403:Ohio State Buckeyes
4373:Cincinnati Bearcats
4005:Virginia University
3757:Winston-Salem State
3752:West Virginia State
3718:Southern–Shreveport
3548:Arkansas–Pine Bluff
3400:Stark State College
3290:Clark State College
3255:University of Akron
3029:Bluffton University
2647:"Golf Pioneer Dies"
2113:Dayton Walk of Fame
1953:Boyd, Melba Joyce.
1939:James T. Campbell,
1720:William Grant Still
1551:Southern University
1464:Leon Quincy Jackson
1450:Raymond V. Haysbert
1131:Victoria Gray Adams
1059:U.S. Representative
843:1974 Super Outbreak
599:William Wilberforce
485:William Wilberforce
379:39.7177°N 83.8820°W
375: /
183:39.70750; -83.88056
174: /
30:
4844:Union Commonwealth
4809:Kentucky Christian
4598:Wilmington Quakers
4203:Terrell Law School
4025:Xavier (Louisiana)
3598:Fayetteville State
3430:Zane State College
3234:College of Wooster
3224:Wilmington College
3159:Notre Dame College
3124:Lourdes University
3074:Denison University
3034:Capital University
3019:Ashland University
3009:Antioch University
2938:Western University
2928:Paul Quinn College
2571:The Black Dispatch
2411:. October 11, 2023
1707:U.S. Army chaplain
1604:Metropolitan Opera
1332:Nina Gomer Du Bois
1303:William B. Derrick
1261:Paul Quinn College
1223:Hallie Quinn Brown
1180:Benjamin F. Bowles
1162:Helen Elsie Austin
1153:Harlem Renaissance
1145:Regina M. Anderson
1044:NASA SEMAA project
689:
500:American Civil War
28:
4863:
4862:
4839:Southeastern Fire
4771:Ave Maria Gyrenes
4764:Associate members
4749:Georgetown Tigers
4669:
4668:
4603:Wittenberg Tigers
4558:Marietta Pioneers
4538:Franciscan Barons
4523:Capital Crusaders
4505:NCAA Division III
4418:Xavier Musketeers
4315:
4314:
4108:Immanuel Lutheran
4068:Concordia Alabama
3648:Lincoln, Missouri
3608:Fort Valley State
3473:
3472:
3456:Urbana University
3239:Xavier University
3204:Tiffin University
3129:Malone University
3119:Lake Erie College
2956:
2955:
2736:Hallie Q. Brown,
2191:mydaytondailynews
2040:Dayton Daily News
1880:Campbell (1995),
1867:. March 13, 2009.
1804:
1803:
1691:writer, educator
1424:Recipient of the
988:Patricia Hardaway
976:John L. Henderson
955:Charles H. Wesley
949:D. Ormonde Walker
536:Hillsdale College
477:African Americans
465:Wilberforce, Ohio
451:
450:
422:Classical Revival
384:39.7177; -83.8820
351:Wilberforce, Ohio
152:Wilberforce, Ohio
5024:
4957:
4949:
4948:
4947:
4940:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4920:
4904:
4903:
4892:
4891:
4890:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4871:
4827:St. Andrews (NC)
4792:Florida Memorial
4737:Cumberlands (KY)
4705:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4673:
4672:
4518:Bluffton Beavers
4442:NCAA Division II
4435:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4319:
4318:
4262:(Texas Southern)
4103:Haygood Seminary
3860:Johnson C. Smith
3855:Jarvis Christian
3845:Huston–Tillotson
3780:Arkansas Baptist
3698:Shelton State CC
3613:Gadsden State CC
3500:
3493:
3486:
3477:
3476:
3350:Miami University
3214:Walsh University
3209:Ursuline College
3134:Marietta College
3069:Defiance College
2983:
2976:
2969:
2960:
2959:
2913:Kittrell College
2888:Campbell College
2883:Allen University
2864:
2857:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2827:Horace Talbert,
2817:Official website
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2756:
2750:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2616:
2611:
2609:
2601:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2541:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2508:
2499:
2493:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2471:
2463:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2437:on July 29, 2022
2433:. Archived from
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2233:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2165:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2089:on June 15, 2010
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2046:on June 26, 2021
2032:
2026:
2025:
2009:
2003:
1992:Horace Talbert,
1989:
1983:
1978:Talbert (1906),
1976:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1951:
1945:
1936:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1894:
1885:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1851:
1613:Henry Richardson
1564:Demetrius Newton
1511:Florence LeSueur
1497:Orchid I. Jordan
1113:
1112:
1083:NAIA Independent
854:Carnegie Library
743:Republican Party
705:John G. Mitchell
701:Zanesville, Ohio
697:James A. Shorter
587:Governor of Ohio
540:Oneida Institute
538:, Michigan; the
532:Grinnell College
430:
390:
389:
387:
386:
385:
380:
376:
373:
372:
371:
368:
336:
330:
329:
323:
311:
310:Show map of Ohio
305:
304:
298:
256:
253:
251:
214:Green & Gold
212:
209:
189:
188:
186:
185:
184:
179:
175:
172:
171:
170:
167:
100:
98:
93:
38:
31:
27:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5021:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4950:
4945:
4943:
4933:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4919:sister projects
4916:at Knowledge's
4910:
4898:
4888:
4886:
4876:
4874:
4866:
4864:
4859:
4833:St. Thomas (FL)
4759:
4731:Cumberland (TN)
4712:Current members
4707:
4703:
4700:
4670:
4665:
4612:
4533:Denison Big Red
4499:
4495:Walsh Cavaliers
4490:Ursuline Arrows
4475:Malone Pioneers
4470:Lake Erie Storm
4436:
4427:
4355:NCAA Division I
4349:
4346:
4316:
4311:
4265:
4222:
4183:SCSU Law School
4083:Georgia Baptist
4063:Collier-Blocker
4035:
4029:
3975:St. Augustine's
3935:Philander Smith
3800:Bethune–Cookman
3767:
3761:
3723:Tennessee State
3618:Grambling State
3603:Florida A&M
3558:Bluefield State
3553:Bishop State CC
3528:Alabama A&M
3520:
3514:
3504:
3474:
3469:
3460:
3434:
3375:Ohio University
3320:Hocking College
3243:
3164:Oberlin College
3004:Antioch College
2992:
2987:
2957:
2952:
2874:
2868:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2795:
2783:
2779:
2769:
2767:
2765:Washington Post
2757:
2753:
2735:
2731:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2662:
2658:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2631:
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2626:
2614:
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2500:
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2303:
2293:
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2286:
2285:
2281:
2271:
2269:
2267:wilberforce.edu
2261:
2260:
2256:
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2244:
2234:
2227:
2217:
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2169:
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2157:
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2132:
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2127:
2117:
2115:
2107:
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2092:
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2081:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2010:
2006:
1990:
1986:
1977:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1952:
1948:
1937:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1895:
1888:
1879:
1872:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1826:
1809:
1749:Dorothy Vaughan
1711:Buffalo Soldier
1663:Blues musician
1362:Oberlin College
1271:Richard H. Cain
1253:Isaac M. Burgan
1111:
1103:
1071:
1046:
1033:
1019:
1014:
919:Benjamin F. Lee
913:Daniel A. Payne
905:
896:
720:Salmon P. Chase
693:Daniel A. Payne
658:Richard S. Rust
583:Salmon P. Chase
579:Alfred Anderson
567:Daniel A. Payne
516:
383:
381:
377:
374:
369:
366:
364:
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361:
349:
340:
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119:
107:
96:
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66:
48:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5030:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5009:
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4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4959:
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4806:
4800:
4795:
4789:
4783:
4778:
4776:Bluefield Rams
4773:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4754:Lindsey Wilson
4751:
4746:
4743:Freed–Hardeman
4740:
4734:
4728:
4725:Campbellsville
4722:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4708:
4699:
4698:
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4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4509:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4485:Tiffin Dragons
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4465:Findlay Oilers
4462:
4457:
4452:
4450:Ashland Eagles
4446:
4444:
4438:
4437:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4408:Toledo Rockets
4405:
4400:
4395:
4393:Miami RedHawks
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4359:
4357:
4351:
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4213:Volusia County
4210:
4205:
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4198:Suwannee River
4195:
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4039:
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4031:
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4022:
4017:
4012:
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4000:Virginia Union
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
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3942:
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3822:
3817:
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3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3747:Virginia State
3744:
3739:
3730:
3728:Texas Southern
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3693:Savannah State
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3638:Kentucky State
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3588:Delaware State
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3524:
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3515:
3503:
3502:
3495:
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3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3249:
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3211:
3206:
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3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3109:Kenyon College
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
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2895:
2885:
2879:
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2866:
2859:
2852:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2824:
2819:
2812:
2811:External links
2809:
2806:
2805:
2777:
2751:
2729:
2711:
2676:(5): 610–621.
2656:
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2624:
2615:|journal=
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2422:
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2326:
2301:
2290:. June 6, 2016
2279:
2254:
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2211:Baker, Wayne.
2203:
2177:
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1767:Hidden Figures
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1628:George Russell
1624:
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1592:Leontyne Price
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1525:James H. McGee
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1435:Jessie Gooding
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:Medal of Honor
1422:
1420:
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1404:
1402:
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1386:Floyd H. Flake
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1120:
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1109:Notable alumni
1107:
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928:
925:
922:
916:
910:
906:
904:
901:
895:
892:
779:W.E.B. Du Bois
691:Led by Bishop
674:social capital
642:Yellow Springs
597:and statesman
528:Simeon Jocelyn
515:
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493:British Empire
449:
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42:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5029:
5018:
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5010:
5008:
5005:
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4993:
4990:
4988:
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4975:
4973:
4970:
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4956:from Wikidata
4955:
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4907:
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4897:
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4894:United States
4885:
4883:
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4853:
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4850:Warner Royals
4848:
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4752:
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4714:
4710:
4706:
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4685:
4683:
4678:
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4609:
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4409:
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4383:Dayton Flyers
4381:
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4099:
4096:
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4086:
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4079:
4078:Frelinghuysen
4076:
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4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
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4026:
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4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3985:Texas College
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
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3948:
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3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Pensole Lewis
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
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3886:
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3881:
3878:
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3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
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3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3820:Edward Waters
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3810:Clark Atlanta
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3785:Barber–Scotia
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
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3721:
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3711:
3709:
3706:
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3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3673:Norfolk State
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3633:Jackson State
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3568:Central State
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3533:Alabama State
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3512:
3508:
3501:
3496:
3494:
3489:
3487:
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3481:
3478:
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3408:
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3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
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3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
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3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
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3240:
3237:
3235:
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3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
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3182:
3180:
3177:
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3170:
3167:
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3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:Hiram College
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
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3017:
3015:
3012:
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3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2984:
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2903:
2899:
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2865:
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2823:
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2815:
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2794:
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2792:The A.V. Club
2788:
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2749:
2748:9780199763092
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2019:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1980:Sons of Allen
1975:
1973:
1963:
1956:
1950:
1943:
1942:
1941:Songs of Zion
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1891:
1883:
1882:Songs of Zion
1877:
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1866:
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1856:
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1846:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1827:
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1800:
1797:
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1791:Milton Wright
1789:
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1676:
1674:
1672:
1671:Bayard Rustin
1669:
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1662:
1660:
1658:
1657:Jimmy Rushing
1655:
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1398:
1397:
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1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1372:Mary G. Evans
1370:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1340:W.E.B Du Bois
1337:
1335:
1333:
1330:
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1326:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
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1301:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1285:Floy Clements
1283:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:president of
1258:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1238:Shontel Brown
1236:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Gurley Brewer
1207:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1196:
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1189:
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1129:
1128:
1125:Reference(s)
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1088:
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1080:
1076:
1066:
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1051:
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1038:
1028:
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1025:
1021:According to
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
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980:
977:
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840:
835:
833:
827:
825:
821:
817:
814:
810:
806:
801:
799:
795:
794:Charles Young
791:
790:Edward Clarke
787:
784:
780:
776:
770:
766:
763:
759:
754:
751:
746:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
724:Chief Justice
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
685:
681:
677:
675:
670:
665:
663:
659:
654:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
614:
611:
607:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:Ishmael Keith
572:
571:Lewis Woodson
568:
564:
560:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
511:
509:
505:
501:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
459:
455:
446:
443:June 16, 2004
442:
440:Added to NRHP
438:
435:
432:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
360:
356:
352:
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343:
322:
297:
287:
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267:
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206:
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153:
149:
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137:
133:
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127:
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115:
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109:
103:
89:
85:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
62:
58:
54:
50:
44:
37:
32:
26:
22:
4951:
4939:from Commons
4934:
4913:
4906:Christianity
4756:Blue Raiders
4398:Ohio Bobcats
4178:Saint Paul's
4073:Daniel Payne
4036:institutions
4014:
3905:Morris Brown
3875:LeMoyne–Owen
3768:institutions
3668:Morgan State
3623:Harris–Stowe
3583:Coppin State
3543:Alcorn State
3538:Albany State
3521:institutions
3218:
2947:
2941:
2916:
2901:
2891:
2833:
2828:
2796:. Retrieved
2790:
2780:
2768:. Retrieved
2764:
2754:
2738:
2732:
2724:the original
2714:
2673:
2669:
2659:
2651:the original
2641:
2627:
2606:cite journal
2598:the original
2588:
2576:. Retrieved
2569:
2560:
2548:. Retrieved
2530:
2518:. Retrieved
2497:
2489:
2482:
2458:
2451:
2439:. Retrieved
2435:the original
2425:
2413:. Retrieved
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2387:the original
2377:
2365:. Retrieved
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2339:the original
2329:
2319:September 5,
2317:. Retrieved
2313:
2304:
2292:. Retrieved
2282:
2270:. Retrieved
2266:
2257:
2245:. Retrieved
2241:
2216:. Retrieved
2206:
2194:. Retrieved
2190:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2159:
2153:
2141:. Retrieved
2137:
2128:
2116:. Retrieved
2112:
2103:
2091:. Retrieved
2087:the original
2077:
2060:
2048:. Retrieved
2044:the original
2030:
2021:
2018:The Educator
2017:
2007:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1979:
1962:
1954:
1949:
1940:
1907:. Retrieved
1902:
1881:
1858:
1849:
1833:
1765:
1735:Ossian Sweet
1533:Dayton, Ohio
1400:Frank Foster
1295:(1959-1960)
1104:
1095:
1072:
1047:
1034:
1022:
1020:
994:Wilma Mishoe
990:, 2009–2013,
972:, 1984–1988
897:
889:
874:
851:
836:
828:
802:
771:
767:
758:South Africa
755:
747:
740:
713:
690:
678:
666:
655:
630:
615:
603:
552:
517:
508:South Africa
504:Daniel Payne
497:
453:
452:
414:David Riebel
252:.wilberforce
47:Former names
25:
4227:Law Schools
4015:Wilberforce
3880:Livingstone
3563:Bowie State
2578:January 25,
2272:January 15,
2247:January 15,
2218:January 15,
2196:January 15,
2170:January 15,
2143:January 15,
2118:January 15,
1777:Ben Webster
1600:prima donna
1578:Bill Powell
1482:Leon Jordan
1418:John R. Fox
1408:Count Basie
1122:Notability
1119:Class year
1101:Intramurals
1055:Dave Hobson
1002:, 2014–2016
984:, 2002–2008
982:Floyd Flake
978:, 1988–2002
957:, 1942–1947
951:, 1936–1941
933:, 1908–1920
921:, 1876–1884
813:sociologist
783:philologist
736:US Congress
638:Chillicothe
555:Xenia, Ohio
489:slave trade
382: /
358:Coordinates
181: /
123:Space-grant
87:Established
4966:Categories
4363:Akron Zips
4153:Morristown
3925:Paul Quinn
3578:Coahoma CC
2550:August 21,
2520:August 21,
2415:August 20,
2393:January 1,
2345:January 1,
1998:, p. 273,
1841:References
1798:Economist
1410:Orchestra
1349:Wade Ellis
903:Presidents
864:by the US
811:; and the
809:missionary
798:West Point
732:Pittsburgh
709:Cincinnati
669:mixed-race
646:Zanesville
626:mixed-race
370:83°52′55″W
367:39°43′04″N
169:83°52′50″W
166:39°42′27″N
4821:Reinhardt
4270:Consortia
4173:Rosenwald
4168:Roosevelt
4093:Guadalupe
3980:Talladega
3895:Morehouse
3865:Knoxville
2798:April 15,
2770:April 15,
2706:143448048
2690:0021-9347
2468:cite book
2441:August 2,
2294:August 9,
2093:March 24,
2083:"Library"
1884:, pp. 263
1832:'s novel
1069:Athletics
1017:Academics
996:, interim
618:the South
591:abolition
411:Architect
130:President
59:Suo Marte
4846:Bulldogs
4817:Skyhawks
4805:Seahawks
4786:Faulkner
4739:Patriots
4721:Wildcats
4193:Straight
4123:Kittrell
4010:Voorhees
3995:Tuskegee
3990:Tougaloo
3970:Stillman
3790:Benedict
3708:Southern
3643:Langston
3628:Hinds CC
2832:, 1906,
2050:June 25,
1982:, p. 267
1909:July 25,
1807:See also
1172:Officer
714:When an
561:and the
434:04000610
345:Location
224:Bulldogs
220:Nickname
147:Location
139:Students
4868:Portals
4835:Bobcats
4829:Knights
4811:Knights
4733:Phoenix
4218:Western
4118:Johnson
4113:Jackson
4098:Hampton
4034:Defunct
3965:Spelman
3915:Oakwood
3885:Meharry
3835:Hampton
3815:Dillard
3805:Claflin
3795:Bennett
3766:Private
3573:Cheyney
3439:Defunct
2997:Private
2942:defunct
2917:defunct
2902:defunct
2892:defunct
2698:2784634
1602:of the
870:US Army
762:mission
726:of the
722:, then
610:Shawnee
585:, then
514:History
491:in the
473:college
458:private
245:Website
95: (
78:Private
4823:Eagles
4803:Keiser
4788:Eagles
4727:Tigers
4719:Bethel
4208:Turner
4188:Storer
4138:Luther
4053:Carver
4043:Bishop
3910:Morris
3840:Howard
3737:UDC-CC
3519:Public
3248:Public
2746:
2704:
2696:
2688:
2367:May 3,
1996:, 1906
781:, the
750:normal
606:resort
577:, and
542:; the
239:HBCUAC
211:
208:
203:Colors
194:Campus
4936:Media
4815:Point
4794:Lions
4745:Lions
4236:(UDC)
4088:Gibbs
4020:Wiley
3945:Selma
3920:Paine
3890:Miles
3775:Allen
2702:S2CID
2694:JSTOR
2540:(PDF)
2507:(PDF)
2164:(PDF)
2069:(PDF)
1834:Wench
1795:1926
1753:1929
1703:1881
1646:1913
1617:1943
1546:1924
1486:1932
1439:1948
1353:1928
1307:1885
1242:2022
1227:1873
1213:1888
1184:1905
1166:1938
1116:Name
1061:from
847:Xenia
716:arson
456:is a
403:Built
353:45384
197:Rural
56:Motto
4953:Data
4882:Ohio
4618:NAIA
3950:Shaw
3940:Rust
3870:Lane
3825:Fisk
3511:List
2800:2015
2772:2015
2744:ISBN
2686:ISSN
2619:help
2580:2023
2552:2017
2522:2017
2474:link
2443:2022
2417:2024
2395:2007
2369:2017
2347:2007
2321:2024
2296:2023
2274:2018
2249:2018
2242:Afro
2220:2018
2198:2018
2172:2018
2145:2018
2120:2018
2095:2010
2052:2021
1911:2008
1762:NASA
1709:and
1050:NASA
644:and
406:1907
395:Area
254:.edu
235:NAIA
157:U.S.
97:1856
90:1856
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3742:UVI
3733:UDC
2678:doi
550:).
463:in
429:No.
250:www
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