423:
405:
477:
253:
350:
164:
414:
193:
183:
359:
107:
386:
137:
522:
486:
377:
263:
127:
432:
203:
513:
395:
313:
147:
450:
223:
291:
495:
459:
273:
233:
341:
504:
332:
89:
29:
441:
213:
745:, south of Paris. The events of the battle are confused. Both parties claimed the victory. The Count of Charolais remained master of the field. But Louis XI reduced the Burgundian army, then cautiously ordered a strategic retreat during the night, and returned to Paris with a "victorious" army (although his uncle the Count of Maine had fled the battlefield with a third of the royal troops). The king strengthened the capital's faltering authority.
674:
368:
117:
531:
303:
468:
243:
737:, had an army of 30,000 men. At the beginning of hostilities in May and June 1465, he attacked the Bourbonnais center of the country. Then he began a race to the capital against the Breton and Burgundian armies. Before they joined forces, the king decided to confront the Burgundian army led by the Count of Charolais. The
858:
In 1468, Charles the Bold formed a new league with
Charles of France, Duke John of Alençon and Francis II, Duke of Brittany, with the support of Edward IV of England. But Louis XI was strongly supported by the States General at Tours in April, and succeeded in separating Francis II and Charles of
752:
After entering Paris on 18 July, Louis XI organized the defense. The feudal princes besieged Paris. Louis XI left the city on 10 August. He went to Rouen and rallied the royal party, assembled provisions, and returned to Paris on 28 August, with powerful reinforcements. A truce was signed on
853:
Jacques of
Armagnac, Duke of Nemours and Count of La Marche, had been pardoned by the king several times. In 1475, indignant at a new treason, he besieged and took the castle of Carlat. The duke was imprisoned at the Bastille, tried and beheaded in the public square in Paris in
876:
against the Swiss, and Louis was saved from his greatest adversary. He had already taken his revenge on
Charles's allies within France. The great duchy of Burgundy was then absorbed into the kingdom of France. The League of the Public Weal was routed in its every objective.
838:
Louis XI ravaged the castle of
Chaumont of Pierre d'Amboise to punish the Amboise family for supporting the League of the Public Weal. The king pardoned them four years later and even provided some of the funds needed for reconstruction of
748:
However, the king's position weakened after the confrontation, especially as he was unable to prevent the junction, on 19 July, of the
Burgundian and Breton armies, soon joined by the Counts of Armagnac and Albret and the Duke of Lorraine.
842:
In 1465, Charles de Melun, governor of Paris and the
Bastille, succeeded De la Rivière. Convicted for having links with the leaders of the league, he was executed in 1468 in Andelys. His property was confiscated and given to
867:
Both
Charles and Louis were prone to overreaching themselves, and Louis's machinations nearly resulted in military defeat at Charles's hands. However, insurrections in his newly acquired territories of
583:, as a figurehead. The rebels succeeded in attaining concessions from the crown after several months of fighting, though conflict would break out again between the league and the crown in the
753:
September 3, which did not prevent the
Leaguers from taking Pontoise and Rouen. Fighters on both sides did not quite know how to end the conflict. Louis XI pretended to yield.
636:, sought to make the Duchy of Burgundy independent of the French throne. He aspired to forge it into a kingdom of his own between France and Germany, stretching between the
795:(Louis XI had already redeemed these lands from Charles' father, the Duke of Burgundy, for 400,000 crowns), and estates at Boulogne, Guines, Roye, Peronne and Montdidier
850:
In March 1466, Charles of France, already struggling with the Duke of
Brittany, could not deal with Louis XI, and lost Normandy. He fled to the court of Brittany;
611:
had effected an administrative unification of the country. Unlike
Germany, which languished as a miscellany of feudal factions, France emerged from the
791:
Charles of Burgundy, Count of Charolais received for himself and his next heir the towns of the Somme, after which they could be redeemed for 200,000
603:
monarchs, Louis asserted the supremacy of the king within the territory of France. Over the course of the preceding centuries, and during the
1058:
691:
471:
1063:
140:
888:, a later conflict in France from 1485 that also featured a League of the Public Weal fighting against the French king
1026:
713:
1068:
408:
580:
695:
398:
422:
1073:
534:
1083:
1053:
435:
389:
404:
726:
To defend himself against the alliance of rebellious nobles arrayed against him, Louis XI allied with
804:
John, Duke of Bourbon, gained Donchery, several lordships in Auvergne, 300 lances, and 100,000 crowns
567:
and an alliance of feudal nobles, organized in 1465 in defiance of the centralized authority of King
462:
444:
1078:
734:
417:
380:
344:
684:
371:
615:
as a centralized state. But this centralization was opposed by the "League of the Public Weal" (
516:
498:
738:
604:
453:
919:"Towns and Princely Rebellion in Fifteenth-Century France: The War of the Public Weal, 1465"
807:
Jacques of Armagnac, Duke of Nemours, received the government of Paris and the Île-de-France
844:
525:
489:
306:
801:
Francis, Duke of Brittany, gained Montfort and Étampes, and the regale in all his demesnes
8:
951:
869:
507:
266:
246:
766:
727:
476:
252:
236:
69:
1032:
1022:
934:
786:
742:
358:
296:
216:
206:
106:
93:
58:
413:
385:
349:
192:
163:
136:
926:
798:
John of Anjou, Duke of Lorraine, the towns of Mouzon, St. Menehould and Neufchâteau
633:
572:
521:
426:
353:
256:
226:
196:
624:
Charles the Bold, as heir to the duke of Burgundy, whose fiefs in France included
362:
182:
873:
819:
A committee of 36 members, led by Dunois, was to reform the abuses of government.
600:
576:
485:
376:
316:
262:
130:
126:
120:
641:
596:
480:
431:
202:
186:
167:
110:
1036:
872:
and Switzerland weakened Charles's efforts. Charles himself was killed in the
512:
394:
312:
146:
1047:
938:
649:
449:
222:
608:
494:
458:
272:
232:
150:
930:
918:
653:
645:
612:
340:
503:
331:
88:
28:
698: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
775:
23 December 1465: Treaty of Caen with the Duke Francis II of Brittany
657:
637:
440:
212:
673:
835:
John II, Duke of Bourbon was appointed Constable of France in 1483;
625:
568:
335:
831:
Louis XI forgave some of the rebels, but some were also punished:
367:
116:
885:
816:
Louis of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, was made constable, etc.
629:
584:
810:
John, Count of Armagnac, gained various castellanies at Rouergue
530:
302:
652:
on the east. This kingdom would restore the ancient kingdom of
564:
276:
792:
772:
29 October 1465: Treaty of Saint-Maur with individual princes
621:), whose nobles sought to restore their feudal prerogatives.
467:
242:
898:
656:—approximating the former domains of the Frankish Emperor
823:Louis XI did not observe the conditions for long.
987:The Causes of War: Volume III: 1400 CE to 1650 CE
769:with the Count of Charolais and Charles of France
72:, Treaty of Saint-Maur, and Treaty of Caen (1465)
1045:
1013:, Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc., 2nd ed., 1966
958:(New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1971), 143.
785:Charles of France, Duke of Berry, received the
733:Louis XI, who enjoyed the effective support of
859:France from the Leaguers (Treaty of Ancenis).
741:was fought on 16 July 1465 in the vicinity of
981:
979:
977:
587:of 1485 in a decisive victory for the crown.
1016:
904:
616:
974:
714:Learn how and when to remove this message
663:
595:In keeping with the policies of previous
1019:Philip the Good: The Apogee of Burgundy
1017:Vaughan, Richard; Small, Graem (2010).
1046:
945:
916:
761:Louis XI signed three peace treaties:
628:, and who held the Imperial lands of
563:) was a conflict between the king of
813:Tanneguy du Chastel was made equerry
696:adding citations to reliable sources
667:
13:
571:of France. It was masterminded by
35:Mémoires de Commynes, musée Dobrée
14:
1095:
1021:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.
1006:, Chautauqua Century Press, 1896.
575:, Count of Charolais, son of the
390:John of Bourbon, Count of Vendome
381:John of Burgundy, Count of Nevers
672:
529:
520:
511:
502:
493:
484:
475:
466:
457:
448:
439:
430:
421:
412:
403:
393:
384:
375:
372:Charles of Anjou, Count of Maine
366:
357:
348:
339:
330:
311:
301:
289:
271:
261:
251:
241:
231:
221:
211:
201:
191:
181:
162:
145:
135:
125:
115:
105:
87:
27:
1004:The Growth of the French Nation
728:Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan
683:needs additional citations for
1059:1460s establishments in France
989:, (Hart Publishing, 2017), 26.
969:Louis XI: The Universal Spider
961:
956:Louis XI: The Universal Spider
910:
779:
399:Charles of Artois, Count of Eu
1:
1064:1465 establishments in Europe
923:The English Historical Review
891:
590:
535:Frederick I, Elector Palatine
826:
436:Francis II, Duke of Brittany
7:
880:
730:, and the people of Liège.
644:on the south; and from the
10:
1100:
996:
862:
579:, with the king's brother
1011:Europe in the Middle Ages
540:
463:John V, Count of Armagnac
324:
176:League of the Public Weal
80:
41:
26:
21:
905:Vaughan & Small 2010
756:
735:Gaston IV, Count of Foix
561:La guerre du Bien public
418:John II, Duke of Bourbon
345:Gaston IV, Count of Foix
33:Siege of Paris from the
1069:15th-century rebellions
16:1465 conflict in France
664:War of the Public Weal
617:
581:Charles, Duke of Berry
557:War of the Public Weal
517:John I, Duke of Cleves
325:Commanders and leaders
22:War of the Public Weal
985:Alexander Gillespie,
967:Paul Murray Kendall,
917:Murphy, Neil (2024).
640:on the north and the
1074:Rebellions in France
845:Antoine de Chabannes
692:improve this article
618:Ligue du bien public
490:Antoine de Chabannes
307:Electoral Palatinate
1084:Princely rebellions
1054:Feudalism in France
952:Paul Murray Kendall
931:10.1093/ehr/ceae160
739:Battle of Montlhéry
648:on the west to the
499:Charles II d'Albret
472:Louis de Luxembourg
427:Charles of Burgundy
363:René, Duke of Anjou
267:County of Dammartin
247:County of Saint-Pol
767:Treaty of Conflans
605:Hundred Years' War
454:Jacques d'Armagnac
237:County of Armagnac
70:Treaty of Conflans
49:March–October 1465
787:Duchy of Normandy
743:Longpont-sur-Orge
724:
723:
716:
553:
552:
409:Charles de France
297:Duchy of Burgundy
217:Duchy of Lorraine
207:Duchy of Brittany
141:County of Vendôme
94:Kingdom of France
76:
75:
1091:
1040:
990:
983:
972:
965:
959:
949:
943:
942:
914:
908:
902:
765:5 October 1465:
719:
712:
708:
705:
699:
676:
668:
620:
577:Duke of Burgundy
573:Charles the Bold
533:
524:
515:
508:Pierre d'Amboise
506:
497:
488:
479:
470:
461:
452:
443:
434:
425:
416:
407:
397:
388:
379:
370:
361:
354:Francesco Sforza
352:
343:
334:
315:
305:
295:
293:
292:
277:County of Albret
275:
265:
257:County of Dunois
255:
245:
235:
227:Duchy of Nemours
225:
215:
205:
197:Duchy of Bourbon
195:
185:
166:
149:
139:
129:
119:
109:
91:
43:
42:
31:
19:
18:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1079:Sieges of Paris
1044:
1043:
1029:
1002:Adams, George,
999:
994:
993:
984:
975:
966:
962:
950:
946:
915:
911:
903:
899:
894:
883:
874:Battle of Nancy
865:
829:
782:
759:
720:
709:
703:
700:
689:
677:
666:
593:
528:
526:André de Lohéac
519:
510:
501:
492:
483:
474:
465:
456:
447:
445:Jean de Calabre
438:
429:
420:
411:
392:
383:
374:
365:
356:
347:
338:
317:Duchy of Cleves
290:
288:
131:Count of Nevers
121:County of Maine
61:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1097:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1042:
1041:
1027:
1014:
1009:Hoyt, Robert,
1007:
998:
995:
992:
991:
973:
960:
944:
909:
907:, p. 379.
896:
895:
893:
890:
882:
879:
864:
861:
856:
855:
851:
848:
840:
836:
828:
825:
821:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
789:
781:
778:
777:
776:
773:
770:
758:
755:
722:
721:
680:
678:
671:
665:
662:
642:Jura Mountains
592:
589:
551:
550:
547:
543:
542:
538:
537:
481:Jean de Dunois
401:
327:
326:
322:
321:
320:
319:
309:
299:
280:
279:
269:
259:
249:
239:
229:
219:
209:
199:
189:
187:Duchy of Berry
172:
171:
170:
168:Duchy of Milan
154:
153:
143:
133:
123:
113:
111:Duchy of Anjou
83:
82:
78:
77:
74:
73:
67:
63:
62:
57:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
37:, 16th century
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1096:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1028:9780851159171
1024:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
988:
982:
980:
978:
970:
964:
957:
953:
948:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
913:
906:
901:
897:
889:
887:
878:
875:
871:
860:
852:
849:
846:
841:
837:
834:
833:
832:
824:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
790:
788:
784:
783:
774:
771:
768:
764:
763:
762:
754:
750:
746:
744:
740:
736:
731:
729:
718:
715:
707:
697:
693:
687:
686:
681:This section
679:
675:
670:
669:
661:
659:
655:
651:
650:Moselle River
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
619:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
548:
545:
544:
539:
536:
532:
527:
523:
518:
514:
509:
505:
500:
496:
491:
487:
482:
478:
473:
469:
464:
460:
455:
451:
446:
442:
437:
433:
428:
424:
419:
415:
410:
406:
402:
400:
396:
391:
387:
382:
378:
373:
369:
364:
360:
355:
351:
346:
342:
337:
333:
329:
328:
323:
318:
314:
310:
308:
304:
300:
298:
287:
286:
285:
284:
283:Supported by:
278:
274:
270:
268:
264:
260:
258:
254:
250:
248:
244:
240:
238:
234:
230:
228:
224:
220:
218:
214:
210:
208:
204:
200:
198:
194:
190:
188:
184:
180:
179:
178:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
160:
159:
158:
157:Supported by:
152:
148:
144:
142:
138:
134:
132:
128:
124:
122:
118:
114:
112:
108:
104:
103:
102:
101:
100:Loyal nobles:
97:
96:
95:
90:
85:
84:
79:
71:
68:
65:
64:
60:
56:
53:
52:
48:
45:
44:
40:
36:
30:
25:
20:
1018:
1010:
1003:
986:
968:
963:
955:
947:
922:
912:
900:
884:
866:
857:
830:
822:
760:
751:
747:
732:
725:
710:
701:
690:Please help
685:verification
682:
623:
609:French kings
594:
560:
556:
554:
282:
281:
175:
174:
156:
155:
151:Counts of Eu
99:
98:
92:
86:
81:Belligerents
34:
886:The Mad war
780:Concessions
654:Lotharingia
646:Somme River
613:Middle Ages
1048:Categories
1037:1015575845
971:, 265-266.
892:References
591:Background
939:0013-8266
839:Chaumont;
827:Aftermath
704:June 2022
658:Lothair I
638:North Sea
559:(French:
881:See also
870:Lorraine
626:Flanders
597:Capetian
569:Louis XI
541:Strength
336:Louis XI
54:Location
997:Sources
863:Results
634:Brabant
630:Holland
585:Mad War
1035:
1025:
937:
793:crowns
607:, the
601:Valois
565:France
549:51,000
546:30,000
294:
66:Result
59:France
854:1477.
757:Peace
1033:OCLC
1023:ISBN
935:ISSN
632:and
599:and
555:The
46:Date
927:doi
694:by
1050::
1031:.
976:^
954:,
933:.
925:.
921:.
660:.
1039:.
941:.
929::
847:;
717:)
711:(
706:)
702:(
688:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg){kind=small}
.svg){kind=small}
.svg){kind=small}
