104:
37:
161:
172:
450:
124:
136:
469:
and blockade the harbour of Acre for twelve days before being evicted by a
Venetian flotilla. The ongoing warfare between Genoa and Venice had a major negative impact on the Kingdom's ability to withstand external threats to its existence. Save for the religious buildings, most of the fortified and
359:
took part in the fighting in Acre; the life of the Count of Jaffa was spared by a chivalrous
Genoese consul who forbade his crossbowman to shoot the Count from his tower. Pisa and Venice hired men to man their galleys in Acre itself during the siege; the average rate of pay of a Pisan- or
376:
granting it commercial rights in Acre in return for aid of fifty men-at-arms for two years. Though Ancona was an ally of Genoa and John sought by his treaty to bring the feudatories—most of whom were onside—to support Genoa against Venice, his plan ultimately backfired and
364:
a day and nine a night. The blockade lasted more than a year (perhaps twelve or fourteen months), but because the
Hospitaller complex was also near the Genoese quarter, food was brought to them quite simply, even from as far away as Tyre.
408:). In June, as per a plan, he marched on Acre and joined up with a band of Hospitallers while a Genoese fleet attacked the city by sea. The Genoese navy, numbering some 48 galleys and four sailing ships armed with siege engines, under
416:
by the
Venetians and the Genoese had to abandon their quarter and retreat with Philip to Tyre. The conflict wore down and by 1261 a fragile peace was in effect, although the Genoese were still out of Acre.
347:
and destroyed several
Genoese ships, conquered the disputed property, and destroyed Saint Sabas' fortifications. However he was unable to expel the Genoese, who were 800 men strong and armed with 50–60
445:
was ratified in 1261, the emperor funded fifty ships to fight the
Venetians. After this assault, in 1264, the Venetians returned to Tyre to conquer it, but backed out when Tyre received reinforcements.
385:"manipulated the complex regency laws" in order to bring the feudatories of the Kingdom of Jerusalem into a position of support for Venice. In this they had the support of the new bailiff,
465:, who was to outfit some troops for an expedition against Acre, but the Genoese' promised fleet never got underway. On 16 August 1267, Genoa managed to capture the
205:
409:
470:
defended edifices in Acre had been destroyed at one point or other (and Acre looked as if it had been ravaged by a Muslim army) and according to the
425:
attack, a threat that passed without materialising, now organised a council to re-establish order in the kingdom following five years of fighting.
812:
807:
802:
198:
817:
481:, 20,000 men in total had lost their lives, a frightful number considering the Crusader states were chronically short on soldiery.
191:
614:
in Acre rather than in his own house, which was next to the Pisan quarter – and the Pisans were initially backing Genoa (1258).
758:
488:, ending the hostilities between the Venetians and the Genoese. In 1288, Genoa finally received their quarter in Acre back.
607:
719:
700:
352:, from their quarter of the city despite throwing up a blockade; there were also siege engines among the Venetians.
394:
269:
150:
777:
344:
117:
442:
285:
261:
28:
797:
792:
782:
746:
434:
485:
378:
289:
83:
538:: Bonerel, Vincheguerre, and Peretin were Genoese machines, while Marquemose fought for Venice.
787:
611:
390:
36:
471:
413:
325:
229:
386:
301:
234:
8:
534:
397:, who had been providing food to the Genoese in Acre, was one of Genoa's few supporters.
356:
277:
165:
610:, sided with the grand feudatories and Venice. He stayed with the master, Miles, of the
449:
281:
108:
42:
421:, who had become understandably worried about the effect of the war in the event of a
754:
715:
696:
382:
265:
244:
141:
738:
400:
Philip was staying about a mile away from Acre, in a place called the New
Vineyard (
438:
333:
239:
176:
603:
457:
During the continuous skirmishing of the 20000's employed Muslim soldiers, mostly
475:
340:
293:
128:
332:
had a clear upper hand, but its early successes were abruptly reversed when the
466:
461:, against their Christian foes. In 1266, the Genoese had made an alliance with
771:
532:
Many of these engines were given proper names by the anonymous author of the
418:
369:
313:
273:
154:
329:
317:
372:, who had initially tried to mediate, confirmed a treaty with the city of
336:, a former ally, signed a ten-year pact of military alliance with Venice.
297:
458:
183:
349:
321:
462:
422:
404:) with "80 men on horses and 300 archer-villeins from his land" (
373:
361:
712:
The Feudal
Nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174–1277
368:
At that point, in August 1257, the regent of the kingdom,
316:
in 1256. The war grew out of a dispute concerning land in
406:
lxxx. homes a chevau et. ccc. archers vilains de sa terre
360:
Venetian-employed sailor on one of their galleys was ten
328:) but claimed by both Genoa and Venice. Initially the
484:
The War of Saint Sabas was settled in 1270 with the
312:The war began when the Venetians were evicted from
739:Les villes d'Italie, mi XII° siècle – XIV° siècle
769:
683:
658:
656:
393:, and the Knights Templar. At this juncture,
260:(1256–1270) was a conflict between the rival
199:
709:
653:
647:
587:
307:
206:
192:
35:
695:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
690:
674:
662:
635:
623:
599:
575:
563:
551:
539:
520:
508:
453:The ruins of the "Tower of Flies" today.
448:
16:1256–1270 Venetian-Genoese war over Acre
745:
813:Wars involving the Knights Hospitaller
808:13th century in the Republic of Venice
770:
213:
803:13th century in the Republic of Genoa
187:
693:Warfare in the Latin East, 1192–1291
608:Grand Master of the Knights Templar
13:
818:Wars involving the Knights Templar
730:
14:
829:
270:Philip of Montfort, Lord of Tyre
170:
159:
134:
122:
102:
668:
641:
629:
428:
753:. Cambridge University Press.
710:Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1973).
691:Marshall, Christopher (1994).
617:
593:
581:
569:
557:
545:
526:
514:
502:
1:
751:The Crusades: c. 1071–c. 1291
491:
684:General and cited references
496:
433:The Genoese then approached
339:In 1257 a Venetian admiral,
7:
118:County of Jaffa and Ascalon
41:The Mar Saba Monastery, in
10:
834:
286:Count of Jaffa and Ascalon
262:Italian maritime republics
225:
95:
48:
34:
26:
21:
714:. Hamden: Archon Books.
435:Michael VIII Palaiologos
308:Siege of Acre, 1257–1258
343:, broke through Acre's
612:Order of Saint Lazarus
454:
391:Bohemond VI of Antioch
472:Rothelin continuation
452:
29:Venetian–Genoese Wars
302:Kingdom of Jerusalem
535:Gestes des Chiprois
443:Treaty of Nymphaeum
387:Plaisance of Cyprus
357:Genoese crossbowmen
296:), over control of
278:Knights Hospitaller
166:Knights Hospitaller
778:War of Saint Sabas
648:Riley-Smith (1973)
588:Riley-Smith (1973)
455:
395:Philip of Montfort
324:(the monastery of
258:War of Saint Sabas
217:War of Saint Sabas
109:Republic of Venice
22:War of Saint Sabas
760:978-0-521-62566-1
476:William of Tyre's
439:Emperor of Nicaea
410:Rosso della Turca
383:John II of Beirut
253:
252:
182:
181:
151:Philip of Monfort
142:Republic of Genoa
91:
90:
825:
764:
736:Racine, Pierre.
725:
706:
678:
672:
666:
660:
651:
645:
639:
633:
627:
621:
615:
597:
591:
585:
579:
573:
567:
561:
555:
549:
543:
530:
524:
518:
512:
511:, pp. 39–40
506:
486:Peace of Cremona
334:Republic of Pisa
220:
218:
208:
201:
194:
185:
184:
177:Byzantine Empire
175:
174:
173:
164:
163:
162:
140:
138:
137:
127:
126:
125:
107:
106:
105:
84:Peace of Cremona
77:Venetian victory
50:
49:
39:
19:
18:
833:
832:
828:
827:
826:
824:
823:
822:
798:1260s in Europe
793:1260s conflicts
783:1250s conflicts
768:
767:
761:
733:
731:Further reading
728:
722:
703:
686:
681:
675:Marshall (1994)
673:
669:
663:Marshall (1994)
661:
654:
646:
642:
636:Marshall (1994)
634:
630:
624:Marshall (1994)
622:
618:
600:Marshall (1994)
598:
594:
586:
582:
576:Marshall (1994)
574:
570:
564:Marshall (1994)
562:
558:
552:Marshall (1994)
550:
546:
540:Marshall (1994)
531:
527:
521:Marshall (1994)
519:
515:
509:Marshall (1994)
507:
503:
499:
494:
431:
414:quickly overrun
341:Lorenzo Tiepolo
310:
294:Knights Templar
254:
249:
221:
216:
214:
212:
171:
169:
168:
160:
158:
157:
153:
149:
144:
135:
133:
129:Knights Templar
123:
121:
120:
116:
111:
103:
101:
80:
66:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
831:
821:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
766:
765:
759:
743:
742:. SEDES, 2004.
732:
729:
727:
726:
720:
707:
701:
687:
685:
682:
680:
679:
667:
652:
640:
628:
616:
602:, p. 10.
592:
580:
568:
556:
554:, p. 50, n. 15
544:
542:, p. 227.
525:
513:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
467:Tower of Flies
430:
427:
402:la Vigne Neuve
379:John of Ibelin
320:then owned by
309:
306:
290:John of Ibelin
284:(aided by the
251:
250:
248:
247:
242:
237:
232:
226:
223:
222:
211:
210:
203:
196:
188:
180:
179:
131:
98:
97:
93:
92:
89:
88:
87:
86:
79:
78:
74:
72:
68:
67:
64:
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
830:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
788:1250s in Asia
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
773:
762:
756:
752:
748:
747:Richard, Jean
744:
741:
740:
735:
734:
723:
721:9780208013484
717:
713:
708:
704:
702:9780521477420
698:
694:
689:
688:
676:
671:
664:
659:
657:
649:
644:
638:, p. 231
637:
632:
625:
620:
613:
609:
605:
604:Thomas BĂ©rard
601:
596:
590:, p. 216
589:
584:
578:, p. 225
577:
572:
565:
560:
553:
548:
541:
537:
536:
529:
523:, p. 217
522:
517:
510:
505:
501:
489:
487:
482:
480:
477:
473:
468:
464:
460:
451:
447:
444:
440:
436:
426:
424:
420:
419:Pope Urban IV
415:
411:
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
375:
371:
370:John of Arsuf
366:
363:
358:
353:
351:
346:
345:harbour chain
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:John of Arsuf
271:
267:
263:
259:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
227:
224:
219:
209:
204:
202:
197:
195:
190:
189:
186:
178:
167:
156:
155:John of Arsuf
152:
147:
143:
132:
130:
119:
114:
110:
100:
99:
94:
85:
82:
81:
76:
75:
73:
70:
69:
63:
60:
59:
55:
52:
51:
47:
44:
38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
750:
737:
711:
692:
677:, p. 41
670:
665:, p. 59
650:, p. 37
643:
631:
626:, p. 40
619:
595:
583:
571:
559:
547:
533:
528:
516:
504:
483:
478:
456:
441:. After the
432:
429:Saba victory
405:
401:
399:
367:
354:
338:
330:Genoese navy
326:Saint Sabbas
311:
257:
255:
215:
145:
112:
96:Belligerents
27:Part of the
566:, p. 8
772:Categories
492:References
459:Turcopoles
355:The famed
292:, and the
276:, and the
268:(aided by
235:Settepozzi
497:Citations
350:ballistae
300:, in the
113:Supported
56:1256–1270
43:Palestine
749:(1999).
322:Mar Saba
61:Location
479:History
463:Baibars
362:bezants
245:Trapani
146:Support
757:
718:
699:
606:, the
423:Mongol
374:Ancona
282:Venice
280:) and
240:Saseno
139:
71:Result
65:Levant
266:Genoa
755:ISBN
716:ISBN
697:ISBN
412:was
381:and
318:Acre
314:Tyre
298:Acre
256:The
230:Acre
53:Date
474:of
264:of
774::
655:^
437:,
389:,
304:.
288:,
272:,
763:.
724:.
705:.
207:e
200:t
193:v
148::
115::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)