1241:: the location was just too far away from any friendly bases and thus it was difficult to support in war, and when the support was available, it was rather costly. Although the largest island provided a relatively good anchorage, there was just not enough land to build any comprehensive facilities and infrastructures to support a fleet. As a result, many of the repairs that could be done locally had the comprehensive facilities and infrastructures been available would require traveling back to the distant friendly bases, thus greatly increased cost. When a major damage occurred, tugs were needed to tow the damaged vessel, and in the event of war when tugs could not be available, the damaged vessels had to be abandoned. In contrast, the communists had comprehensive facilities and infrastructures on the mainland and since the
1662:
240:
1710:
208:
1653:
1697:
25:
1678:
1602:
1633:
1615:
1592:
228:
195:
1582:
1644:
1139:. More than a dozen nationalist warships were deployed in waters near Outer Linding (Wailinding, 外伶仃) Island, Burden Pole (Dangan, 担杆) Islands, attempting to lure out the communist naval units. In the early morning of June 27, 1950, the hidden communist shore batteries suddenly opened up on the unsuspecting nationalist fleet, and defenders on the nationalist-held islands, the fierce fight lasted for more than five hours.
1288:
their requests were denied because holding on something at the enemy's door step would have a significant symbolic meaning of great political propaganda value, but when the inevitable fall had finally occurred, the resulting disaster had negated any previous gains in political and psychological propaganda.
1167:
hands. By July 1, 1950, the Outer
Linding (Wailinding, 外伶仃) Island fell into the communist hands, and by August 3, 1950, Burden Pole (Dangan, 担杆) Islands also fell. On August 4, 1950, Direct Bay (Zhiwan, 直湾), Northern Sharp (Beijian, 北尖), and Temple Bay (Miaowan, 庙湾) and other islands fell into the
978:
Once the main anchorage of the
Wanshan Archipelago, the Laurel Mountain (Guishan, 桂山) Island fell into the communist hands, many other islands fell in a domino effect. From May 25, 1950, thru May 28, 1950, Ox Head (Niutou, 牛头) island, Spider Islet (Zhi Zhou, 蜘洲), Dalu (大碌), Large Head Islet (Datou
1287:
strategist and naval commanders had pointed out this disadvantage and along with the geographically disadvantage (i.e. the lack of comprehensive facilities and infrastructures), wisely and correctly suggest to withdraw from the
Wanshan Archipelago in order to strengthen the defense elsewhere, but
1058:
were quick to devise a plan based on the experience to counterattack by wiping out the communist naval force after luring it out to the open ocean, and then retake the islands from the communists who would not have any naval support of their own. However, the communists also learned from earlier
1162:
damaged, it was painfully clear that the outgunned nationalist fleet must withdraw to the open waters further away in order to avoid annihilation by the superior communist artillery on land. The communist's tactic of using numerically superior land artilleries with greater range than that of
1119:
to withdraw to Outer
Linding (Wailinding, 外伶仃) Island, Burden Pole (Dangan, 担杆) Island and other outlying islands. On the night of June 26, 1950, the communists had secretly set up the long-range shore batteries on Tri-gate (Sanmen, 三门) Island under the cover of darkness, and the communist
1163:
nationalist naval guns proved to be a great success and prevented any nationalist naval attempt to support their comrades-in-arms on lands. With the cover of superior firepower from the lands, the communist was able to deploy the leapfrog tactic to take the remaining islands in the
1274:
naval force. Though this did indeed increased the cost for the communist, the price tag for the operation of the naval task force performing this duty so far away from any support base was far greater comparatively speaking, because communist transportation was mostly by wooden
513:. The largest island is the Laurel Mountain (Guishan, 桂山) Island, which was formerly known as Trash Tail (Lajiwei, 垃圾尾) Island. Other major islands include Outer Linding (Wailinding, 外伶仃) Island, Dong'ao (东澳) Island, Tri-gate (Sanmen, 三门) Island, Greater Ten-thousand Mountain (
963:, due to the chaos of the battle and the damage to the communication gears on board most of its naval vessels, the decision for the naval units to retreat from the battlefield to save the dying sailors and commanders was not relayed to
1213:
fleet. One of the major contributor to the success was the correct tactics of not engaging the overwhelmingly superior opposing naval fleet, but instead, utilizing the numerically and technically superior shore batteries that the
921:
commander-in-chief chose not to let their commanding officer to die like many other wounded sailors, and speed away from the battlefield to seek better medical help in attempting to save those who were dying. Fearing additional
1208:
and in addition to damaging and sinking nationalist ships, eleven nationalist ships were captured and they provided valuable local defense asset once they were completely repaired and returned to the active service in the
768:
was completely incapable of sinking its large opponents each displaced over a thousand tons, Captain Lin skillfully ordered his crew to concentrate fire on the superstructures of larger nationalist ships. Nearly every
596:
deputy corps commander Hong Xuezhi (洪学智) was named as the commander of the
Riverine Defense Force of the Cantonese Military Region to be in charge of the incoming operation, and the commander of force began to mass at
1257:
As for the blockade of the mouth of the Pearl River, it certainly caused difficulties for the communists. However, these difficulties could be overcome because there were and still are link between the mainland and
1106:
On June 5, 1950, the communist force adopted the leapfrog tactic under the cover of shore batteries on adjacent islands and islets close by, succeeding in taking Dong'ao (东澳) Island, Greater Ten-thousand
Mountain
1015:
naval force cruised in waters north of Little Green Islet (Xiaoqingzhou, 小青洲) and Ox Head (Niutou, 牛头) island, attempted to bombard the communist positions on lands and the transport fleet. As the communist
1249:
vessels and repair them after taking them back to the mainland, and put them back into service to fight against the former owners of these vessels, as the case of the eleven naval vessels abandoned by the
1270:
naval force could only cover the coastal region outside the effective range of the communist's land batteries and the communist could simply move a little deeper into the Pearl River to avoid the
1067:
fleet ventured too close to shore and three ships suffered damages from communist shore batteries on the Large Head Islet (Datou Zhou, 大头洲) and
Triangle (Sanjiao, 三角) Island on May 30, 1950. The
1218:
did enjoy to engage opposing naval targets that were outgunned. The largest island, the Trash Tail (Lajiwei, 垃圾尾) Island, was renamed Laurel
Mountain (Guishan, 桂山) Island, in honor of the
1302:
2027:
446:
930:
naval vessels retreated from the battlefield around an hour after the first shot was fired, protecting the wounded flagship from possible enemy attacks, thus enabling the 25-ton
967:
force on the island, where the defenders interpreted such retreat as fleeing and abandoning them, and the morale of the land force collapsed as a result. In the meantime, the
917:
naval vessels or saving the dying sailors, including the severely wounded commander-in-chief, who was out of consciousness by already this time. The loyal subordinates of the
1627:
541:
3rd Fleet withdrew to
Wanshan Archipelago and together with the various nationalist units as the local garrison, the nationalists planned to blockade the mouth of the
91:
2023:
785:
command in charge of both land and naval defense was thus effectively paralyzed. The confined space of the anchorage severely limited the maneuverability of the
318:
1395:
1142:
After numerous extraordinarily brave but completely futile attempts to approach the shore to support the nationalist defenders on land which resulted in one
975:
defenders had managed to hold on their positions until the nightfall, and then asked and was allowed retreated from the island under the cover of darkness.
971:
troops landed on the island believed the same and their morale was drastically boosted and their pressure on the defenders intensified. The demoralized
456:
1704:
394:
232:
54:
1883:
1098:
naval fleet was to utilize the long range shore batteries, and the much weaker naval force would act as auxiliary to the shore batteries.
2085:
1554:
311:
1829:
1672:
1312:
781:
commander-in-chief was severely wounded himself. With the commander-in-chief severely wounded and most of his staff killed, the
1063:
naval force in the open ocean where the condition favored the latter. In attempt to search the communists, a detachment of the
2095:
1575:
304:
1024:
force still weary of previous naval engagement three days ago withdrew to open ocean, where the conditions favored the larger
1732:
1609:
379:
1661:
1075:, instead of going to the communist's turf to seek out the communists in the coastal regions that favored the communists.
1619:
1172:
campaign to take the
Wanshan Archipelago ended in total victory after taking the Mosquito Tail Islet (Wenwei Zhou, 蚊尾洲)
1233:
control of the Wanshan Archipelago was mostly symbolic for political propaganda and the battle for the control of the
1526:
1504:
1478:
1459:
1437:
1415:
1384:
1361:
1342:
723:
task force sailed to Wanshan Archipelago at the dawn of May 25, 1950. Shortly before dawn, the advance guard of the
76:
47:
1297:
344:
561:
commander-in-chief of the 3rd Fleet Qi Hongzhang (齊鴻章) as the commander, who set up his headquarters on board the
2012:
1547:
414:
1623:
367:
2052:
1849:
800:
naval guns by fighting at extremely close quarter when engaging the larger nationalist ships after sinking a
482:
451:
175:
2100:
1777:
1692:
777:
suffered the most: nearly everyone on the bridge was either killed or wounded, and Qi Hongzhang (齐鸿章), the
1700:
1605:
1512:
1493:: A Collection of Military Records and Research Publications of Important Campaigns in the Liberation War
1447:
1307:
2080:
1540:
1238:
1529:(Volum 1), 7800219615 (Volum 2), 7800219631 (Volum 3), 7801370937 (Volum 4), and 7801370953 (Volum 5)
37:
1131:
naval fleet carried out their original plan with the help of three more warships newly arrived from
1071:
consequently changed their tactics by letting the communists come to them at the waters favored the
1791:
1787:
1425:
41:
33:
2037:
1839:
1815:
1799:
1747:
1656:
1647:
760:
commander, Captain Lin Wenhu (林文虎), a brilliant naval officer, launched a surprise attack on the
424:
357:
2090:
1916:
1912:
1596:
461:
362:
58:
1926:
870:
fleet, it was drawn to a temporary but carefully and skillfully designed trap devised by the
557:
naval commander-in-chief Gui Yongqing (桂永清) organized the Wanshan Defense Command, and named
133:
1204:. The Wanshan Archipelago Campaign was the first combined army and naval operation for the
1652:
1078:
However, the communists had learned from the engagement as well and correctly deducted the
906:
nonetheless successfully beached itself and unloaded all of the landing force it carried.
8:
1950:
1879:
1696:
1669:
1201:
877:
captain, who was luring his opponent away from the islands, thus opening the way for the
542:
502:
486:
429:
386:
156:
1819:
1757:
1155:
1000:
764:
naval force at the anchorage under the cover of darkness. Fully aware that his 25-ton
2016:
2005:
1981:
1963:
1869:
1811:
1807:
1795:
1681:
1677:
1601:
1563:
1522:
1500:
1474:
1455:
1433:
1411:
1380:
1357:
1338:
1317:
659:
1 Artillery company of the South-central Military Region with 100 mm long range
478:
419:
399:
329:
296:
773:
large warship in the anchorage had its bridge struck, and the flagship, the frigate
1995:
1991:
1940:
1803:
1665:
409:
404:
1036:
were fully aware their meek naval strength and once the mission of preventing the
833:
landing force took Green Islet (Qing Zhou, 青洲) and Triangle (Sanjiao, 三角) Island.
1930:
1689:
1685:
1112:
643:
612:
518:
666:
124:
2074:
1894:
1108:
1054:
Although the bombardment mission ended early and thus was not a success, the
703:
521:, 小万山) Island, Burden Pole (Dangan, 担杆) Islands, and Jianpeng (佳蓬) Islands.
514:
106:
93:
1581:
1376:
1219:
1151:
1059:
experience and reached the conclusion of not to engaging the much stronger
996:
903:
893:
697:
287:
1767:
1276:
1242:
1234:
585:
498:
244:
1369:
Records of the Liberation War: The Decisive Battle of Two Kinds of Fates
1028:
fleet because there was more space to maneuver. However, the communist
851:
sailors attempted to avenge the deaths of their comrades-in-arms, every
1973:
1859:
1585:
1284:
1280:
1271:
1267:
1251:
1246:
1230:
1197:
1185:
1164:
1128:
1116:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1037:
1025:
1021:
1012:
988:
972:
964:
960:
941:
927:
918:
910:
886:
882:
867:
852:
848:
837:
823:
801:
797:
786:
782:
778:
770:
761:
757:
742:
728:
609:
589:
577:
573:
569:
558:
554:
538:
372:
1283:
navy required much more, such as fuel and maintenance supplies. Many
1237:
was destined to fail for the same simple reason just like the earlier
674:
Riverine Defense Force of the Cantonese Military Region (naval force)
1643:
1486:
1259:
1245:
at the communist's doorstep, they could simply recover the abandoned
1223:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1189:
1181:
1169:
1147:
1136:
1045:
1041:
1033:
968:
949:
945:
931:
923:
914:
900:
890:
878:
871:
856:
841:
830:
808:
790:
753:
732:
724:
720:
640:
598:
593:
581:
546:
534:
506:
494:
160:
1532:
1082:
objective, and thus made a plan of their own to counter that of the
1518:
1496:
1490:
1470:
1451:
1429:
1353:
1334:
1303:
Outline of the military history of the People's Republic of China
1159:
1143:
1121:
1048:
1029:
1017:
1004:
992:
979:
Zhou, 大头洲) and other small islets fell into the communist hands.
953:
934:
874:
860:
844:
829:
east of Ox Head (Niutou, 牛头) Island, while two battalions of the
826:
811:
804:
793:
765:
745:
735:
678:
562:
501:
consists of 48 islands strategically located at the mouth of the
276:
913:
fleet was soon faced another dilemma: continue fighting the two
1637:
1632:
1614:
1591:
1132:
1008:
940:
to safely return to its mainland base in a hero's welcome, but
926:
naval units that may launch another round of attack, all other
660:
601:
on May 8, 1950, after a joint command headquarters was set up.
530:
227:
200:
1333:, 1st Edition, Social Scientific Literary Publishing House in
1715:
1422:
Heroic Division and Iron Horse: Records of the Liberation War
1407:
1403:
1391:
1372:
1263:
1193:
550:
510:
239:
213:
164:
731:
anchorage at the Laurel Mountain (Guishan, 桂山) Island. The
634:
More than 30 naval vessels, later increased to more than 40.
545:
and cutting off the maritime links between the mainland and
671:
1 Artillery regiment of the Pearl River sub-Military Region
885:
fleet realized its mistake, it was too late: although the
789:
warships for fearing collision in the darkness, and the
1517:, 1st Edition, Military Scientific Publishing House in
326:
622:
1 battalion from the 208th Division of the Youth Army
576:
naval vessels in the region, and the flagship of the
1495:, 1st Edition, Central Literary Publishing House in
840:
fleet discovered that there was only a single small
796:
was able to utilizing the blind spots of the larger
650:
2 regiments from the 131st Division of the 44th Army
1184:takeover of the Wanshan Archipelago eliminated the
1396:Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
1390:Literary and Historical Research Committee of the
1168:communist hands. Finally, on August 7, 1950, the
1352:, 1st Edition, Chinese Youth Publishing House in
1111:, 大万山) Island, and Lesser Ten-thousand Mountain (
944:naval force nonetheless succeeded in killing the
2072:
1094:had wanted, the best way to engage the superior
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
855:naval vessel available joined the chase of the
592:blockade of the mouth of the Pearl River. The
1467:History of the Chinese People's Liberation War
991:naval force at the region was reinforced by 3
1548:
517:, 大万山) Island, Lesser Ten-thousand Mountain (
505:, a chokepoint on the communication lines to
312:
1884:Wartime perception of the Chinese Communists
1469:, 1st Edition, Archives Publishing House in
1266:via land, and for the maritime traffic, the
727:force in charge of fire support reached the
665:1 Artillery company from the 50th Army with
1226:naval vessel participated in the conflict.
1222:Laurel Mountain (Guishan, 桂山), the largest
653:1 Artillery battalion of the 132nd Division
1555:
1541:
1279:that only required wind, while the modern
319:
305:
656:1 Artillery company of the 130th Division
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
1450:Literature and Art Publishing House in
1313:History of the People's Liberation Army
588:and eliminate the threat and crush the
477:(万山群岛战役) was a campaign fought between
2073:
1442:Wang, Xingsheng, and Zhang, Jingshan,
1188:threat to its vital shipping lines to
1562:
1536:
889:fleet managed to severely damage the
625:6 infantry companies of various units
380:Resumption of hostilities (1945–1949)
300:
681:(including three respectively named
572:warship among more than three dozen
18:
1329:Zhu, Zongzhen and Wang, Chaoguang,
628:Units of the Cantonese Assault Army
13:
2086:Campaigns of the Chinese Civil War
1428:Party History Publishing House in
1127:Unaware the communist's plan, the
847:fighting them, and as the enraged
604:
14:
2112:
2024:ROC Government retreat to Taiwan
1708:
1695:
1676:
1660:
1651:
1642:
1631:
1613:
1600:
1590:
1580:
1298:Outline of the Chinese Civil War
1124:were also deployed accordingly.
1040:naval fleet from bombarding the
646:Around 10,000 total, including:
345:Outline of the Chinese Civil War
238:
226:
206:
193:
23:
2013:Yangtze River Crossing campaign
1086:: instead of falling into the
982:
1509:Tang, Yilu and Bi, Jianzhong,
1101:
807:. In the meantime, two other
714:
368:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1:
2096:Military history of Guangdong
2053:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
2028:PRC incorporation of Xinjiang
1620:Constitutional ROC Government
1406:People's Publishing House in
1375:People's Publishing House in
1350:History of the Liberation War
1323:
952:of the flotilla on board the
866:. However, unbeknown to the
756:side commanded by its former
580:3rd Fleet. In response, the
452:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
2042:Wanshan Archipelago Campaign
1778:Chinese Communist Revolution
475:Wanshan Archipelago Campaign
7:
1638:Republic of China on Taiwan
1606:National Revolutionary Army
1574:Principal belligerents and
1308:National Revolutionary Army
1291:
1115:, 小万山) Island, forcing the
1032:did not pursue because the
1020:came out to meet them, the
533:Island had fallen into the
10:
2117:
1850:Fujian People's Government
1716:People's Republic of China
1175:
1044:assets was completed, the
584:force decided to take the
524:
485:forces for the control of
291:1 gunboat severely damaged
214:People's Republic of China
1723:
1570:
1515:in Chinese Liberation War
1200:blockade of mouth of the
1090:trap by fighting the way
881:landing force. Once the
615:Around 4,000, including:
493:, 万山群岛), and resulted in
339:
281:11 naval vessels captured
267:
250:
219:
186:
139:
131:
123:
1701:People's Liberation Army
1513:People's Liberation Army
1448:People's Liberation Army
32:This article includes a
1840:Chinese Soviet Republic
1816:Autumn Harvest Uprising
1239:Battle of Nan'ao Island
899:(桂山) in the chase, the
836:After the sunrise, the
358:Autumn Harvest Uprising
352:First Phase (1927–1937)
147:May 25 – August 7, 1950
61:more precise citations.
2038:Hainan Island campaign
1917:Double Tenth Agreement
1913:Chongqing Negotiations
1830:Encirclement campaigns
1444:Chinese Liberation War
1331:Liberation War History
959:Unfortunately for the
822:, managed to sink two
363:Encirclement campaigns
220:Commanders and leaders
16:1950 military campaign
1927:Jiaochangkou Incident
987:On May 28, 1950, the
462:Cross-strait conflict
268:Casualties and losses
134:Cross-Strait conflict
2101:Wanshan Archipelago
1880:Second United Front
1800:Nanjing–Wuhan split
1748:Sun–Joffe Manifesto
1597:National Government
1511:History of Chinese
1007:newly arrived from
487:Wanshan Archipelago
157:Wanshan Archipelago
125:Wanshan Archipelago
103: /
1820:Guangzhou Uprising
1758:First United Front
1254:after the battle.
568:(太和), the largest
457:China–Burma border
34:list of references
2081:Conflicts in 1950
2068:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2057:
1982:Liaoshen campaign
1964:Yu Zisan Incident
1931:Peiping rape case
1900:
1899:
1812:Nanchang uprising
1808:Little Long March
1796:Shanghai massacre
1586:Nationalist Party
1564:Chinese Civil War
1426:Chinese Communist
1394:Committee of the
1318:Chinese Civil War
948:deputy political
619:1 Marine regiment
470:
469:
331:Chinese Civil War
328:Campaigns of the
295:
294:
258:40+ naval vessels
201:Republic of China
182:
181:
87:
86:
79:
2108:
1996:Pingjin campaign
1992:Huaihai campaign
1941:Marshall Mission
1906:
1905:
1792:Shanghai Commune
1788:Nanking incident
1741:
1740:
1726:
1725:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1680:
1664:
1655:
1646:
1636:
1635:
1624:ROC Armed Forces
1618:
1617:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1584:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1534:
1533:
752:defected to the
334:
332:
321:
314:
307:
298:
297:
263:24 naval vessels
243:
242:
231:
230:
212:
210:
209:
199:
197:
196:
141:
140:
121:
120:
118:
117:
115:
114:
113:
108:
107:21.95°N 113.75°E
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
82:
75:
71:
68:
62:
57:this article by
48:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2044:
2040:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2007:Taiping Steamer
1994:
1980:
1929:
1915:
1901:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1686:New Fourth Army
1657:Soviet Republic
1648:Communist Party
1640:
1630:
1612:
1589:
1566:
1561:
1465:Huang, Youlan,
1446:, 1st Edition,
1424:, 1st Edition,
1402:, 1st Edition,
1371:, 1st Edition,
1326:
1294:
1178:
1104:
985:
750:Dancing Phoenix
717:
667:recoilless guns
644:order of battle
613:order of battle
607:
605:Order of battle
527:
471:
466:
395:Northeast China
335:
330:
327:
325:
290:
285:
280:
274:
262:
257:
237:
225:
207:
205:
194:
192:
167:
111:
109:
105:
102:
97:
94:
92:
90:
89:
83:
72:
66:
63:
52:
38:related reading
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2114:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1870:Xi'an Incident
1867:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1682:8th Route Army
1673:Liberated Area
1579:
1578:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1507:
1481:
1463:
1440:
1418:
1400:Liberation War
1388:
1365:
1346:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1177:
1174:
1103:
1100:
1003:, and several
984:
981:
716:
713:
712:
711:
710:
709:
706:
700:
694:
672:
669:
663:
657:
654:
651:
638:
637:
636:
635:
631:The 3rd Fleet
629:
626:
623:
620:
606:
603:
526:
523:
497:victory. The
491:Wanshan Qundao
468:
467:
465:
464:
459:
454:
449:
443:
442:
438:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
383:
382:
376:
375:
370:
365:
360:
354:
353:
349:
348:
340:
337:
336:
324:
323:
316:
309:
301:
293:
292:
282:
270:
269:
265:
264:
259:
253:
252:
248:
247:
235:
222:
221:
217:
216:
203:
189:
188:
184:
183:
180:
179:
173:
169:
168:
155:
153:
149:
148:
145:
137:
136:
129:
128:
85:
84:
67:September 2014
42:external links
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2113:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2091:1950 in China
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1895:Dixie Mission
1893:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1553:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1528:
1527:7-80021-719-1
1524:
1521:, 1993–1997,
1520:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1505:7-5073-0074-9
1502:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1483:Liu Wusheng,
1482:
1480:
1479:7-80019-338-1
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1460:7-5033-1351-X
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1438:7-80199-029-3
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1417:
1416:7-212-00007-8
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1385:7-202-00733-9
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1362:7-5006-0081-X
1359:
1355:
1351:
1348:Zhang, Ping,
1347:
1344:
1343:7-80149-207-2
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
997:landing ships
994:
990:
980:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
936:
933:
929:
925:
920:
916:
912:
907:
905:
902:
898:
895:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
873:
869:
865:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
843:
839:
834:
832:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
810:
806:
803:
799:
795:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
744:
740:
737:
734:
730:
726:
722:
707:
705:
704:Landing craft
701:
699:
695:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
675:
673:
670:
668:
664:
662:
658:
655:
652:
649:
648:
647:
645:
642:
633:
632:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
617:
616:
614:
611:
602:
600:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
444:
440:
439:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
415:Yangtze River
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
390:
385:
384:
381:
378:
377:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
355:
351:
350:
347:
346:
342:
341:
338:
333:
322:
317:
315:
310:
308:
303:
302:
299:
289:
283:
278:
272:
271:
266:
260:
255:
254:
249:
246:
241:
236:
234:
229:
224:
223:
218:
215:
204:
202:
191:
190:
185:
177:
174:
171:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
151:
150:
146:
143:
142:
138:
135:
130:
126:
122:
119:
116:
112:21.95; 113.75
81:
78:
70:
60:
56:
50:
49:
43:
39:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2041:
2017:
2006:
1975:
1952:
1804:715 Incident
1641:
1510:
1484:
1466:
1443:
1421:
1420:Li, Zuomin,
1399:
1377:Shijiazhuang
1368:
1349:
1330:
1256:
1252:nationalists
1228:
1220:landing ship
1196:and crushed
1179:
1156:minesweepers
1152:patrol craft
1150:, two large
1141:
1135:, including
1126:
1113:Xiao Wanshan
1105:
1092:nationalists
1077:
1073:nationalists
1069:nationalists
1056:nationalists
1053:
1001:minesweepers
986:
983:Second stage
977:
961:nationalists
958:
937:
908:
904:landing ship
896:
894:landing ship
863:
835:
819:
815:
774:
749:
738:
718:
708:8 Transports
698:Landing ship
690:
686:
682:
639:
608:
565:
528:
519:Xiao Wanshan
490:
474:
472:
434:
388:
343:
288:landing ship
233:Qi Hongzhang
187:Belligerents
132:Part of the
88:
73:
64:
53:Please help
45:
1768:Canton Coup
1367:Jie, Lifu,
1285:nationalist
1281:nationalist
1272:nationalist
1268:nationalist
1247:nationalist
1243:archipelago
1235:archipelago
1231:nationalist
1202:Pearl River
1198:nationalist
1186:nationalist
1165:nationalist
1129:nationalist
1117:nationalist
1102:Third stage
1096:nationalist
1088:nationalist
1084:nationalist
1080:nationalist
1065:nationalist
1061:nationalist
1038:nationalist
1026:nationalist
1022:nationalist
1013:nationalist
989:nationalist
973:nationalist
965:nationalist
942:nationalist
928:nationalist
919:nationalist
911:nationalist
887:nationalist
883:nationalist
868:nationalist
853:nationalist
849:nationalist
838:nationalist
824:nationalist
802:nationalist
798:nationalist
787:nationalist
783:nationalist
779:nationalist
771:nationalist
762:nationalist
758:nationalist
743:nationalist
741:, a former
729:nationalist
715:First stage
610:Nationalist
590:nationalist
586:archipelago
578:nationalist
574:nationalist
570:nationalist
559:nationalist
555:nationalist
543:Pearl River
539:nationalist
537:hands, the
503:Pearl River
499:archipelago
479:nationalist
245:Hong Xuezhi
110: /
59:introducing
2075:Categories
1951:Operation
1860:Long March
1324:References
1216:communists
1206:communists
1146:sunk, one
1137:destroyers
1109:Da Wanshan
1051:withdrew.
1046:communists
1034:communists
938:Liberation
864:Liberation
739:Liberation
683:Liberation
515:Da Wanshan
387:Operation
373:Long March
2049:1950–1958
1988:1948–1949
1953:Beleaguer
1947:1945–1949
1937:1945–1947
1876:1937–1946
1856:1934–1936
1846:1933–1934
1836:1931–1934
1826:1930–1934
1774:1927–1949
1733:Post-1945
1576:campaigns
1260:Hong Kong
1224:communist
1211:communist
1190:Hong Kong
1182:communist
1170:communist
1148:destroyer
1042:communist
969:communist
950:commissar
946:communist
932:communist
924:communist
915:communist
901:communist
891:communist
879:communist
872:communist
857:communist
842:communist
831:communist
809:communist
791:communist
754:communist
733:communist
725:communist
721:communist
641:Communist
599:Zhongshan
594:communist
582:communist
547:Hong Kong
535:communist
507:Hong Kong
495:communist
483:communist
441:Aftermath
430:Guningtou
389:Beleaguer
176:Communist
161:Guangdong
2020:Incident
2018:Amethyst
2009:Incident
1978:incident
1729:Pre-1945
1666:Red Army
1499:, 1993,
1473:, 1992,
1454:, 2001,
1432:, 2004,
1410:, 1987,
1379:, 1990,
1356:, 1987,
1337:, 2000,
1292:See also
1160:gunboats
1158:and two
1122:gunboats
1049:gunboats
1030:gunboats
1018:gunboats
1005:gunboats
993:frigates
827:gunboats
820:Struggle
816:Vanguard
812:gunboats
691:Struggle
687:Vanguard
679:gunboats
447:Xinjiang
420:Shanghai
400:Liaoshen
277:gunboats
251:Strength
152:Location
127:Campaign
98:113°45′E
1976:Kiangya
1519:Beijing
1497:Beijing
1491:Beijing
1471:Beijing
1452:Beijing
1430:Beijing
1354:Beijing
1335:Beijing
1176:Outcome
1144:gunboat
1011:. The
954:gunboat
935:gunboat
897:Guishan
875:gunboat
861:gunboat
859:25-ton
845:gunboat
805:gunboat
794:gunboat
766:gunboat
746:gunboat
736:gunboat
661:cannons
563:frigate
553:. The
525:Prelude
435:Wanshan
410:Pingjin
405:Huaihai
178:victory
95:21°57′N
55:improve
1713:
1525:
1503:
1487:Yan'an
1477:
1458:
1436:
1414:
1383:
1364:(pbk.)
1360:
1341:
1262:, and
1133:Taiwan
1009:Taiwan
748:named
689:, and
531:Hainan
529:After
425:Hainan
261:10,000
211:
198:
172:Result
1485:From
1462:(set)
1408:Hefei
1404:Anhui
1392:Anhui
1387:(set)
1373:Hebei
1345:(set)
1277:junks
1264:Macau
1194:Macau
775:Taihe
566:Taihe
551:Macau
511:Macau
256:4,000
165:China
40:, or
2034:1950
2002:1949
1970:1948
1960:1947
1923:1946
1909:1945
1891:1944
1866:1936
1784:1927
1764:1926
1754:1924
1744:1923
1690:etc.
1523:ISBN
1501:ISBN
1475:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1381:ISBN
1358:ISBN
1339:ISBN
1229:The
1192:and
1180:The
1154:two
999:, 4
995:, 2
909:The
818:and
719:The
549:and
509:and
481:and
473:The
284:300+
279:sunk
273:700+
144:Date
1974:SS
1489:to
702:10
2077::
1703:)
1688:,
1684:,
1668:)
1650:/
1626:)
1608:)
1588:/
1398:,
956:.
814:,
696:1
685:,
677:5
286:1
275:4
163:,
159:,
44:,
36:,
1886:)
1882:(
1705:→
1693:→
1675:(
1670:→
1659:(
1628:→
1622:(
1610:→
1599:(
1556:e
1549:t
1542:v
1107:(
693:)
489:(
320:e
313:t
306:v
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
51:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
