Wallonia - Knowledge

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sixty-nine in 1903, and then they fall again, down to eleven in 1913. See 'Switching Languages', p. 153. Yves Quairiaux counted 4800 plays for 1860–1914, published or not. In this period plays were almost the only popular show in Wallonia. But this theater remains popular in the present-day Wallonia: Theater is still flourishing, with over 200 non-professional companies playing in the cities and villages of Wallonia for an audience of over 200,000 each year.

1200: 120: 2328: 6714: 2111: 2799: 1899: 774: 221: 4360: 1881: 1845: 1466: 4015: 2928: 2702: 1917: 2914:). The regional languages of Wallonia are more important than in France, and they have been officially recognized by the government. With the development of education in French, however, these dialects have been in continual decline. There is currently an effort to revive Walloon dialects; some schools offer language courses in Walloon, and Walloon is also spoken in some radio programmes, but this effort remains very limited. 2313: 1827: 1809: 4327: 1679: 3772: 1791: 3485: 1863: 6245: 3247: 1690: 2214: 4197:. It is accessible to sea and river transporters weighing up to 2,500 tonnes, and to push two-barge convoys (4,500 tonnes, soon to be raised to 9,000 tonnes). Even if Wallonia does not have direct access to the sea, it is very well connected to the major ports thanks to an extensive network of navigable waterways that pervades Belgium, and it has effective river connections to 1220: 3934:. The Walloons of the Door Peninsula in Wisconsin have a tradition of making what is called a Belgian Pie but which is a flat pie more like a pizza covered with prune purée and topped with a thin cheese layer. These were made by the dozens in outdoor stone ovens for the many kermisses, in a tradition that dates back to immigration in the 1850s. 2206:

the end of an era, and Wallonia has been making efforts to redefine itself. The restoration of economical development is high on the political agenda, and the government is encouraging development of industries, notably in cutting-edge technology and in business parks. The economy is improving, but Wallonia is not yet at the level of

2377:. The Walloon Region's autonomy extends even to foreign policy; Wallonia is entitled to pursue its own foreign policy, including the signing of treaties, and in many domains, even the Belgian federal government is not able to sign an international treaty without the agreement of the Parliament of Wallonia. 3143:

In their 'Histoire illustrée des lettres française de Belgique', Charlier and Hanse (editors), La Renaissance du livre, Bruxelles, 1958, published 247 pages (on 655 ), about the "French" literature in the Walloon provinces (or Walloon principalities of the Middle-Age, sometimes also Flemish provinces

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possesses a surprisingly large collection of literary works in Walloon, quite possibly the largest outside Belgium, and its holding are representative of the output. Out of nearly a thousand, twenty-six were published before 1880. Thereafter the numbers rise gradually year by year, reaching a peak of

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The two World Wars curbed the continuous expansion that Wallonia had enjoyed up till that time. Towards the end of the 1950s, things began to change dramatically. The factories of Wallonia were by then antiquated, the coal was running out and the cost of extracting coal was constantly rising. It was

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Le latin apporté en Gaule par les légions romaines avait fini par éclater en de multiples dialectes (...) peu à peu, pour répondre aux besoins des pouvoirs publics et religieux se forme une langue standard. Dans ce processus qui aboutira à l'élaboration du français, la Wallonie est présente dès les

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Benoît Denis et Jean-Marie Klinkenberg, Littérature : entre insularité et activisme in Le Tournant des années 1970. Liège en effervescence, Les Impressions nouvelles, Bruxelles, 2010, pp. 237–253, p. 252. French : Ancion monte l'Ubu rwèen 1975 (...) la culture dialectalisante cesse d'être

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A signature Walloon sausage is called Belgian Trippe among the Walloon community of Northeastern Wisconsin on the Door Peninsula. It is a blend of pork and cabbage made differently from household to household and probably based on a traditional Walloon sausage such as Boudin Verte d'Orp. Cussette

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culture from a tradition of making it in the kitchen. This is aged only one week at 30 degrees C, until it develops a faint blue cast and a tang. Walloon headcheese differs from the German in that it is more finely ground, includes bits of cartilage, and is allowed to sit for a month or two in a

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is almost entirely composed of members of Wallonia's and Brussels' parliaments, so the bodies are governed by the same individuals. Additionally, the French Community of Belgium has controversially begun referring to itself exclusively as the 'Wallonia-Brussels Federation' to emphasize the links

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The profitability of the heavy industries to which Wallonia owed its prosperity started declining in the first half of the 20th century, and the centre of industrial activity shifted north to Flanders. The loss of prosperity caused social unrest, and Wallonia sought greater autonomy in order to

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has greatly diminished, and the Flemish Region has exceeded Wallonia in wealth as Wallonia has declined economically. Wallonia now suffers from high unemployment and has a significantly lower GDP per capita than Flanders. The economic inequalities and linguistic divide between the two are major

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In terms of drink, Wallonia mirrors Belgium as a whole; beer and wine are both popular, and a great diversity of beers are made and enjoyed in Wallonia. Installed in Bierghes in the Senne valley, the Gueuzerie Tilquin is the only gueuze blendery in Wallonia. Wallonia boasts three of the seven

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The current Walloon economy is relatively diversified, although certain areas (especially around Charleroi and Liège) are still suffering from the steel industry crisis, with an unemployment rate of up to 30 percent. Nonetheless, Wallonia has some companies which are world leaders in their

556:, Wallonia was second only to the United Kingdom in industrialization, capitalizing on its extensive deposits of coal and iron. This brought the region wealth, and from the beginning of the 19th to the middle of the 20th century, Wallonia was the more prosperous half of Belgium. Since 2466:, especially the 1993 state reform, Belgium became a federal state made up of three communities and three regions, with Wallonia being represented by the Walloon Region and its two language communities. The directly elected Walloon Parliament was created in June 1995, replacing the 4621:

Article 3: Belgium comprises three Regions: the Flemish Region, the Walloon Region and the Brussels Region. Article 4: Belgium comprises four linguistic regions: the Dutch-speaking region, the French-speaking region, the bilingual region of Brussels-Capital and the German-speaking

3911:: These cheese tarts are not found in window displays as they are meant to be eaten straight from the oven. As one restaurateur stated in a book about Walloon gastronomy "it is the client who waits for the flamiche, as the flamiche does not wait for the client". There are also the 902:

established several settlements, probably mostly in the north of the province where the romanization was less advanced and some Germanic trace was still present. The language border (that now splits Belgium in the middle) began to crystallize between 700 under the reign of the

1393:) is more reflective of the physical geography. The larger region, the Ardennes, is a thickly forested plateau with caves and small gorges. It is host to much of Belgium's wildlife but little agricultural capacity. This area extends westward into France and eastward to the 1170:

are not principally linked with the four language areas nor with the Communities but with the Regions. In 1968, the conflict between the communities burst out. French speakers in Flanders (who were not necessarily Walloons) were driven out of, most notably the Leuven-based

2198:, and Wallonia was the second industrial power in the world, in proportion to its population and its territory, after the United Kingdom. The sole industrial centre in Belgium outside the collieries and blast furnaces of Wallonia was the historic cloth making town of 5880:

The "Trois Visages de Liege", (...) full of provocative sound collages not only moments in sonic civic history, but the sounds of its historical events as well: wildcat strikes and their ensuing violence in 1960, protests against new laws being enacted, etc. See

160: 584:, the former industrial backbone of Belgium. To the north of this valley, Wallonia lies on the Central Belgian Plateau, which, like Flanders, is a relatively flat and agriculturally fertile area. The south and southeast of Wallonia is made up of the 5443:« les Germains, au contraire, réservant pour eux seuls le noble nom de Franks, s'obstinaient, dès le onzième siècle, à ne plus voir de Franks dans la Gaule, qu'ils nommaient dédaigneusement Wallonie, terre des Wallons ou des Welsches » 5289: 4177:(TEN-T). This priority programme run by the European Union provides more than 70,000 km of transport infrastructure, including motorways, express rail lines and roadways, and has been developed to carry substantial volumes of traffic. 1270:, the historical centre of the Belgian coalmining and steelmaking industry, and is also called the Walloon industrial backbone. Due to their long industrial historic record, several segments of the valley have received specific names: 3107:

theater "at the umbilical cord" in Walloon indicating a desire to return to the source (according to Joan Cross). But Jacques Ancion wanted to develop a regular adult audience. From the 19th century, he included the Walloon play

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The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 105.7 billion € in 2018, accounting for 23% of Belgian economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was €25,700 or 85% of the EU27 average in the same year.

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as a reference to the romance world as opposed to Germany is said to date from 1842. Two years later, it was first used to refer to the Romance part of the young country of Belgium. In 1886, the writer and Walloon militant

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is still constitutionally defined as the "Walloon Region" as opposed to "Wallonia", but the latter has been adopted by the regional government and is in common use. Prior to 2010, when the renaming came into effect,

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developed in the southern part of the Low Countries and was an important contribution to Renaissance culture. Robert Wangermée and Philippe Mercier wrote in their encyclopedic book about the Walloon music that

4454: 541:, which is the political entity responsible for matters related mainly to culture and education, are independent concepts, because the French Community of Belgium encompasses both Wallonia and the bilingual 1251:

which separates Middle Belgium (elevation 100–200 m (330–660 ft)) and High Belgium (200–700 m (660–2,300 ft)). This fault line corresponds to a part of the southern coast of the late

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La Belgique comprend quatre régions linguistiques : la région de langue française, la région de langue néerlandaise, la région bilingue de Bruxelles-Capitale et la région de langue allemande.

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is specialized in freight, although it also operates tourist-oriented charter flights. Today, Liège is the 8th airport for European freight and aims to reach the 5th rank in the next decade.

3821:). The dragon fights Saint George by attacking with his tail. Saint George on his horse turns clockwise and the dragon turns in the other direction. Saint George finally kills the dragon. 3342:

was not confined to the boundaries of modern Flanders and several leading artists came from or worked in areas in which langues d'oïl were spoken, from the region of modern Wallonia, e.g.

2589:), written by Theophile Bovy in 1900 and composed by Louis Hillier in 1901, was also adopted. On September 21, 1913, the "national" feast day of Wallonia took place for the first time in 6135: 4938: 5154: 3870:

a rich, dense, sweet, and chewy waffle native to Liège, is the most popular type of waffle in Belgium, and can be found in stores and even vending machines throughout the country.

158: 3679:, is considered by Robert Stallaerts as the father of the Walloon cinema. He wrote: "Although a Fleming, he can be called the father of the Walloon cinema". For F. André between 4684: 6039: 5214: 5124: 4972: 2183:

during this period, but their output was small, and was principally consumed as fuel by various industries such as the important glassmaking industry that sprang up in the

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is not the only example of medieval Walloon technical expertise: the words "houille" (coal) or "houilleur" (coal miner) or "grisou" (damp) were coined in Wallonia and are

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The AWEX organizes regular trade missions to the promising market of Kazakhstan, where it has a representative office in Almaty. In 2017, the AWEX together with the

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in the 19th century: "That period saw an efflorescence of Walloon literature, plays and poems primarily, and the founding of many theaters and periodicals."

6545: 5724: 4819: 5486:, dans son sens politique d'affirmation culturelle régionale, lorsque le Liégeois Albert Mockel crée une revue littéraire sous ce nom» Philippe Destatte, 2098:

has acquired an international reputation as consulting engineer and architect in the fields of structures, civil engineering and buildings, including the

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referred specifically to the government. In practice, the difference between the two terms is small and what is meant is usually clear, based on context.

3813:'s central square. It represents the fight between Saint George (the good) and the dragon (the evil). The dragon is a mannequin carried and moved by the 3061:

literature (regional language not French) has been printed since the 16th century. But it did have its golden age, paradoxically, during the peak of the

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and its surroundings being perhaps the most striking. Other regions of Wallonia also have characteristic accents, often linked to the regional language.

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politically, in contrast to Flanders, which is more right-wing. The region has been described as one of the few places in Europe without a significant

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of western Belgium. Notable Belgian authors who wrote in Picard include Géo Libbrecht, Paul Mahieu, Paul André, Francis Couvreur and Florian Duc.

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Wallonia is rich in iron and coal, and these resources and related industries have played an important role in its history. In ancient times, the

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took advantage of this to regain some of their autonomy. From the 16th to the 18th century, the Low Countries were governed successively by the

661: 4596: 2834:, is similar to that spoken in France, with slight differences in pronunciation and some vocabulary differences, notably the use of the words 2369:

made up of three communities and three regions, each with considerable autonomy. One of these is the Walloon Region, which is governed by the

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in Robert Wangermée et Philippe Mercier, La musique en Wallonie et à Bruxelles, La Renaissance du livre, Bruxelles, 1980, Tome I, pp. 37–40.

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For Jean-Marie Klinkenberg, "the dialectal culture is no more a sign of attachment to the past but a way to participate to a new synthesis".

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dynasty of Spain (from the early 16th century until 1713–14) and later by Austria (until 1794). This territory was enlarged in 1521–22 when

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Joan Gross, Speaking in Other Voices: An Ethnography of Walloon Puppet Theaters. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Press, 2001;

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Wallonia is famous for a number of different foods and drinks, a great many of which are specialties of certain cities or regions. The

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Robert Wangermée et Philippe Mercier, La musique en Wallonie et à Bruxelles, La Renaissance du livre, Bruxelles, 1980, Tome I, p. 10.

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Literature is written principally in French but also in Walloon and other regional languages, colloquially called Walloon literature.

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politicians are banned from interviews and live appearances. The ban has also affected more mainstream right-wing parties such as the

4681: 4308:(AWEX) is the Wallonia Region of Belgium's government agency in charge of foreign trade promotion and foreign investment attraction. 2404:, the Walloon Region remains in principle distinct from and independent from the French Community, and vice versa. Despite this, the 6047: 5222: 3292:, with manuscript illumination, metalwork, and enamel work from the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries. Among them is the masterpiece of 1096:. This brought the region great economic prosperity, which was not mirrored in poorer Flanders and the result was a large amount of 5132: 4518: 3738: 2625:

The population of Wallonia is predominantly of Christian heritage. In 2016, 68% of residents of Wallonia declared themselves to be

1191:(comprising both Wallonia and Brussels), administrative entities each of which would gain various levels of considerable autonomy. 3224:. More than 500 million of his books have been sold, and they have been translated into 55 languages. There is a link between the 6274: 392: 4234: 3963:) in addition to a great number of other locally brewed beers. Wallonia is also home to the last bastion of traditional rustic 1104:

was characterized by an economy centred on agriculture; on the other hand, Wallonia was the centre of the continental European

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is a popular tourist destination for its nature and outdoor sports, in addition to its cultural heritage, with places such as

2034:, an important chemical for many industrial uses. Ernest Solvay also acted as a major philanthropist and gave its name to the 6335: 6228: 5620: 5515: 5358: 2424:, elected by a political majority in Parliament. The Government has nine members with the president. Each member is called a 2072: 6625: 6588: 6378: 2823: 2471: 2389: 1980:

Contributions to the development of science and technology have appeared since the beginning of the country's history. The

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and the dragon. The combat (after the procession), plays out on the Trinity Sunday between 12:30 pm and 1:00 pm on the

3569:– Pierre the miner – based on a real incident which occurred in 1877 during a miners' strike in the Liège region), and 2992: 2802:

A linguistic map of Wallonia. In all areas, except the German-speaking part, French is currently the dominant language.

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being applied specifically to the French-speaking inhabitants vis-à-vis the other inhabitants of the Principality.

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referred to all the inhabitants of the Principality vis-à-vis the other inhabitants of the Low Countries, the word

4240: 4174: 4117: 1958: 1073: 5332:"The Walloons do not send any far-right elected officials either to the Region, nor to the Federal, nor to Europe" 4800: 2384:, a political level responsible for matters related mainly to culture and education, with the remainder living in 2080: 2047: 6520: 6261: 3623:, mobile forms, and aleatory, often mediating between or among seemingly irreconcilable styles, such as those of 3062: 2531:, first used the word with a political meaning of cultural and regional affirmation, in opposition with the word 2457: 1159: 1151: 1143: 1097: 828:

influence which was stronger in the north than in the south of the province. Gallia Belgica became progressively

6525: 5732: 4575: 4058: 2971: 2745: 2470:(Regional Council of Wallonia). The first Council had sat on 15 October 1980 and was composed of members of the 5114:

on 26 August 2010: 9.8 million visitors in 2009 (2.8 in Brussels), 6% of the regional economy (15% in Brussels)

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of Liège (PAL) is the third largest inland port in Europe. It carries out the management of 31 ports along the

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In the 19th century, the area began to industrialize, and Wallonia was the first fully industrialized area in

4634: 4378: 4312: 3140:) wrote that Wallonia, and literature in Wallonia, has been present in French language since its formation. 2035: 1010: 537:. It accounts for 55% of Belgium's territory, but only a third of its population. The Walloon Region and the 4220:, permits river traffic of up to the new 1350-tonne standard to pass between the waterways of the Meuse and 3425:(1901—1984) was a Walloon sculptor, known above all for his representations of the female, in the manner of 6784: 6597: 5944: 5773: 5505: 5470:, Institut Jules Destrée, Coll. «Notre histoire», Mont-sur-Marchienne, 1990, 3rd ed. (1st ed. 1965), p. 12. 5411:"N-VA-kandidaat in Wallonië in de ban geslagen: waarom er rechts van MR geen zuurstof is over de taalgrens" 4166:

Wallonia has an extensive and well-developed rail network, served by the Belgian National Railway Company,

3473: 1057: 4764: 4065: 3697:), a film regarded as a point of reference in the history of the cinema. On the other hand, films such as 3499: 3378: 3257:, 21.5 x 33 cm, c. 1526–1550, Musée des Arts anciens du Namurois, Namur. This landscape is similar to the 2978: 2752: 2054:

on Physics and Chemistry, which have had a deep impact on the evolution of quantum physics and chemistry.

1231:, with an area of 16,901 km (6,526 sq mi), or 55 percent of the total area of Belgium. The 1002: 730: 729:

included both historical secular Walloon principalities, as well as the French-speaking population of the

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and principalities), for a period from the 11th to the 18th century. Among the works or the authors, the

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until July 28 when it was replaced by a centre-left coalition MR-cdH. The current Minister-President is

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The province of Walloon Brabant is the most recent one, being formed in 1995 after the splitting of the

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To the north of the Sambre and Meuse valley lies the Central Belgian plateau, which is characterized by

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Images et paysages mentaux des XIXe et XXe siècles de la Wallonie à l'Outre-Mer, Hommage au professeur

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since the beginning. Between 1370 and 1468, a school of music flourished in Liège, notably producing

3145: 2960: 2945: 2734: 2719: 1113: 1025: 938: 890: 761: 647: 427: 4217: 2562:), which is widely used, particularly on arms and flags. The rooster was chosen as an emblem by the 1187:, which resulted in the federalisation of the nation and the creation of the Walloon Region and the 6581: 4605: 4434: 4415: 3225: 580:. Most of Wallonia's major cities and two-thirds of its population lie along the east–west aligned 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 5754: 2546:

to choose different symbols representing Wallonia. The main symbol is the "bold rooster" (French:

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brought a delegation of 30 companies to Astana and Almaty, the two largest cities in Kazakhstan.

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in the east, which has its own government and parliament for culture-related issues. Although in

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There are links between French literature and (the very small) Walloon literature. For instance

5528: 4769:, Coll. «Notre histoire», Mont-sur-Marchienne, 1990, 3rd ed. (1st ed. 1965), foodnote 13 p. 86. 4373: 3392: 3169: 3133: 2903: 2421: 2374: 2370: 2332: 1342: 1279: 755: 744: 674:

The term "Wallonia" can mean slightly different things in different contexts. One of the three

631: 308: 267: 96: 6713: 4692: 6694: 3522: 3347: 2413: 1302: 1253: 1105: 1021: 982:, which was taught in schools, lost its hegemony during the 13th century and was replaced by 619: 553: 6190: 4677: 3671: 3382: 1130: 119: 6666: 6483: 6402: 6165: 5978: 4224:

rivers. Completed in 2002 at an estimated cost of €160 million (then 6.4 billion

3721: 3321: 3161: 2580: 2356: 1555: 1422: 1108:, where classical liberal and socialist movements were rapidly emerging. Major strikes and 912: 635: 147: 4604:. Brussels, Belgium: Belgian House of Representatives. May 2014. p. 5. Archived from 4228:) the lift has increased river traffic from 256 kT in 2001 to 2,295 kT in 2006. 3878:, is a sweet bread typically eaten around Christmas time and found throughout the region. 3300:. The architecture of Roman churches of Wallonia are also named mosan, exemplified by the 3221: 1775: 1179:!" ("Walloons out!"). After a formal split of the university in two and the creation of a 8: 6699: 6574: 4269: 4160: 3791: 3759: 2597:

of 1830. It is held annually on the third Sunday of September. The Assembly also chose a

2491: 1672: 1077: 1033: 959: 793: 5816: 5799: 5510:, Academia Bruylant, Presses Universitaires de l'UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve, 2007, pp. 35–48 4883:

M. Gysseling (1962). "La genèse de la frontière linguistique dans le Nord de la Gaule".

2870: 2057: 950:, fought in present-day Wallonia. Belgium was united with the Netherlands following the 6283: 4120:

has become an important passenger airport, especially with low fares companies such as

3970: 3960: 3412: 3386: 3333: 3329: 3081: 2614: 2594: 2417: 2195: 2004: 1769: 1402: 1333:. South of the sillon industriel, the land is more rugged and is characterized by more 1125: 1093: 1068: 1049: 1037: 974:. On Lotharingia's breakup in 959, the present-day territory of Belgium became part of 947: 566: 6271: 4072: 2985: 2759: 2167:

being important regional centers. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the iron masters of

2007:. But that was already the case before the Industrial Revolution, with an engineer as 1219: 868: 6779: 6689: 6450: 6368: 6224: 5897: 5861: 5779: 5686: 5657: 5616: 5511: 5312: 5111: 5021: 3986: 3896: 3754: 3712: 3684: 3558: 3542: 3503: 3461: 3358: 3325: 3250: 3220:

is likely the most widely read French-speaking writer in the world, according to the

3157: 2650: 2539:. The word had previously appeared in German and Latin as early as the 17th century. 2432:. The coalition government for the 2014–2019 legislature was a centre-left coalition 2401: 2191: 2128: 2088: 2051: 1421:

The Walloon region covers 16,901 km (6,526 sq mi) and is divided into

1334: 1266: 1204: 990: 975: 734: 718: 702: 643: 639: 6478: 6388: 5410: 4829:

Tome I (Lettres, arts, culture), La Renaissance du Livre, Bruxelles,1977, pp.99–107.

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In the 19th and 20th centuries, there was an emergence of major violinists, such as

1513: 6473: 6435: 5632: 5615:, Edited by Steven G. Kellman Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2003, p. 153; 5502:

in Luc Courtois, Jean-Pierre Delville, Françoise Rosart & Guy Zélis (editors),

5444: 5304: 4986: 4892: 4460: 4213: 4129: 3978: 3616: 3562: 3554: 3535: 3507: 3430: 3240: 3197: 3193: 3185: 3058: 3045: 2895: 2883: 2875: 2602: 2571: 2555: 2543: 2536: 2453: 2022:, the first generator to produce power on a commercial scale for industry. Chemist 2008: 1989: 1471: 1358: 1244: 998: 963: 881: 877: 866:, Vulgar Latin regionally developed along different lines and evolved into several 841: 825: 651: 464: 397: 124: 82: 4792: 4133: 3469: 3449: 3089: 2171:

developed a method of refining iron ore by the use of a blast furnace, called the

1305:. The Walloon part of this plateau is traditionally divided into several regions: 6493: 6445: 6278: 5452: 5263:"Getting to know Belgian politics: the traditional pillars versus left and right" 4699: 4688: 4407: 4283: 4186: 4144: 3787: 3780: 3590: 3570: 3550: 3546: 3492: 3488: 3366: 3355: 3236: 3217: 3213: 3096: 3077: 2879: 2819: 2811: 2190:

In the 19th century, the area began to industrialize, mainly along the so-called

2172: 1639: 1314: 1306: 1248: 951: 943: 873: 627: 607:. This community represents less than 1% of the Belgian population. It forms the 592: 505: 497: 53: 39: 5708:

Surrealism in the Provinces. Flemish and Walloon Identity in the Interwar period

5085: 3867: 3730: 3726: 3698: 3598: 3582: 1100:. Belgium was divided into two divergent communities. On the one hand, the very 978:, which then fragmented into rival principalities and duchies by 1190. Literary 6566: 6488: 6427: 5588: 5290:"The Curious Case of Belgium: Why is There no Right-Wing Populism in Wallonia?" 4447: 4439: 4365: 4148: 3666: 3624: 3612: 3465: 3281: 3153: 2827: 2626: 2475: 2397: 2099: 2027: 1981: 1597: 1408: 1109: 1101: 967: 820:

and the southern part of the Netherlands. The population of this territory was

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could sometimes refer to the territory governed by the Walloon Region, whereas

655: 561: 526: 388: 68: 5359:"Belgian election tests limits of media's far-right boycott – DW – 06/04/2024" 4557: 3657: 1733: 1283: 284: 6773: 6455: 6440: 6306: 6293: 5316: 4788: 4339: 4225: 4156: 3956: 3948: 3859: 3856: 3810: 3703: 3457: 3441: 3426: 3351: 3343: 3293: 3201: 3029: 2815: 2798: 2660: 2567: 2528: 2366: 2253: 2084: 2023: 2019: 2015: 1985: 1727: 1481: 1354: 1275: 994: 806: 798: 781: 600: 596: 4896: 4735:"Welsh | Etymology, origin and meaning of the name Welsh by etymonline" 3734: 3637:), or Pousseur's own serial style and the protest song "We shall overcome" ( 3037: 6266: 6136:"Economic cooperation between Kazakhstan and Belgium discussed in Brussels" 5245:"Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018" 4680:

states Wallonia is the short form and Walloon Region is the long form. The

4194: 3927: 3886: 3882: 3806: 3763:

for instance is regarded as one of the most spiritually significant films.

3750: 3676: 3646: 3628: 3453: 3422: 3408: 3119: 2441: 2316: 2297: 2228: 2140: 2076: 1135: 1084: 863: 845: 722: 557: 318: 6320: 5045: 5003:

Allan H. Kittel, "The Revolutionary Period of the Industrial Revolution",

4716: 3851: 1386: 611:, which has its own government and parliament for culture-related issues. 5584: 3633: 3574: 3518: 3437: 3416: 3404: 3374: 3339: 3041: 3034: 2514: 2293: 2224: 2144: 1940: 1378: 1337:. It is traditionally divided into the regions of Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse, 1199: 971: 908: 904: 852: 833: 741: 604: 4734: 3313: 3137: 2327: 6681: 5308: 4185:

With traffic of over 20 million tonnes and 26 kilometres of quays, the

4039: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3974: 3742: 3602: 3445: 3189: 3165: 2952: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2907: 2899: 2726: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2634: 2265: 1228: 983: 928: 766: 737: 4969:"Belgium: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population" 4823:

Romanité d'oïl Les origines : la langue – les plus anciens textes

2814:

is the official language of Wallonia and by far the most used; in the

2110: 533:. Covering the southern portion of the country, Wallonia is primarily 4383: 4202: 4152: 3746: 3620: 3362: 3289: 3277: 2629:(21% were practising Catholics and 47% were non-practising), 3% were 2499: 2487: 2261: 2257: 2184: 2176: 1709: 1398: 1291: 1287: 1240: 858:

gradually gained control of the region during the 5th century, under

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minority in eastern Wallonia, resulting from the annexation of three

577: 440: 4014: 3900: 2927: 2701: 2380:

Wallonia is also home to about 80 per cent of the population of the

2119: 1166:. But the strikes of 1960 which took place in Wallonia more than in 6671: 6648: 6411: 6117: 4344: 3998: 3931: 3923: 3912: 3908: 3802: 3694: 3606: 3594: 3511: 3305: 3093: 2865: 2831: 2590: 2393: 2385: 2281: 2273: 2232: 2207: 2180: 2065: 2031: 1904: 1757: 1751: 1382: 1350: 1310: 1271: 1167: 1006: 924: 859: 817: 714: 713:, referred to Gallic or Celtic people. Wallonia is named after the 615: 585: 542: 530: 417: 365: 5673:

une marque de passéisme pour participer à une nouvelle synthèse...

5613:"Switching Languages", Translingual Writers Reflect on Their Craft 4287: 3990: 3642: 3586: 3527: 3396: 3370: 3216:). He was the first foreigner to receive this honour. The Walloon 2868:

traditionally also speak regional Romance languages, all from the

2854: 2637:

Christian, 1% were of other religions and 25% were non-religious.

2312: 2168: 2123: 1715: 1523: 1405:

forms the highest point in Belgium at 694 metres (2,277 ft).

1236: 916: 588:, an expanse of forested highland that is less densely populated. 6658: 6612: 6352: 4221: 4206: 4198: 4125: 4121: 3994: 3982: 3981:

historically known for its production of rustic farmhouse ales).

3871: 3531: 3400: 3114: 3100: 3085: 2347:

rivers. Two-thirds of the population of Wallonia lives along the

1886: 1850: 1832: 1763: 1745: 1739: 1374: 1370: 1346: 1338: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1029: 1014: 522: 360: 203: 3771: 3484: 1678: 565:

sources of political conflicts in Belgium and a major factor in

6640: 6244: 5952: 3965: 3952: 3904: 3837: 3829: 3825: 3795: 3578: 3403:, 1910) architect and furniture designer, credited (along with 3389:

were also important painters in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège.

3317: 3262: 3246: 2891: 2630: 2344: 2289: 2285: 2249: 2164: 2160: 2152: 1922: 1814: 1694: 1366: 1261: 1212: 932: 899: 855: 4791:(1991). "Depuis quand les Liégeois sont-ils des Wallons?". In 4758:(French) Albert Henry, Histoire des mots Wallons et Wallonie, 3538:

played a leading part in the so-called Franco-Flemish School.

2902:

zone. There are also regional Germanic languages, such as the

2617:

made all these symbols official except the motto and the cry.

1689: 6029:

The Simon and Schuster international pocket food guide, 1981.

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The two largest cities in Wallonia each have an airport. The

3285: 3266: 3258: 3173: 2911: 2887: 2670: 2598: 2340: 2336: 2277: 2199: 2148: 2115: 1868: 1796: 1721: 1683: 1649: 1607: 1565: 1394: 1390: 1362: 1295: 1257: 1208: 1056:

proclaimed Belgium's independence and held elections for the

979: 920: 837: 821: 706: 694: 573: 252: 3841:

Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

3799:

Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

2213: 1203:

Coalmining and steelmaking industrial areas in Belgium. The

840:" by their Germanic neighbours. The "Walha" abandoned their 5555:"75% des francophones revendiquent une identité religieuse" 4173:

Wallonia's numerous motorways fall within the scope of the

4167: 3324:

is also a part of the Mosan art and among these dinandiers

3309: 3212:(short stories denouncing Stalinism, in the same spirit as 2853:

There are noticeable Walloon accents, with the accent from

2503: 970:, which would shortly fragment, with the region passing to 962:

dethroned the Merovingians in the 8th century. In 843, the

802: 488: 485: 479: 6256: 5883:

Acousmatrix 4: Scambi/Trois Visages de Liege/Paraboles Mix

5384:"Belgium's far right struggles to break through media ban" 4151:

authority for all of Wallonia, operating buses and trams.

2235:. Tourism is an important part of the economy of Wallonia. 470: 450: 3915: 3833: 2593:, commemorating the participation of Walloons during the 2437: 2219: 2156: 2044:

International Solvay Institutes for Physics and Chemistry

765:, the oldest surviving text written in what would become 5449:

Histoire de la conquête de l'Angleterre par les Normands

4853:"A young region with a long history (from 57BC to 1831)" 3926:, a dessert pie made with beet leaves and cheese, while 3645:

during the 1960s. He worked also with the French writer

2339:(in pink), at a symbolic place at the confluence of the 1782:

The 10 largest groups of foreign residents in 2018 are:

816:

which originally stretched from southwestern Germany to

5155:"Carmeuse: expansion through partnership and knowledge" 895: 2874:

group. Wallonia includes almost all of the area where

6118:"AWEX (WALLONIA FOREIGN TRADE AND INVESTMENT AGENCY)" 5857:

Dictionnaire de la chanson en Wallonie et à Bruxelles

2409:

between the French Community, Wallonia and Brussels.

2264:

and aviation parts. The south of Wallonia, bordering

482: 467: 5916:, in TOUDI, n° 49/50, septembre-octobre 2002, p. 13. 4355: 3272: 2003:

has required highly reputed specialized studies for

476: 4589: 3641:). He was strongly linked to the social strikes in 3433:, modelled in clay or plaster, and cast in bronze. 2050:. In 1911, he started a series of conferences, the 1162:, which defined the four language areas within the 473: 88: 2826:accounts for about 2% of the region's population. 2361:Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium 2040:Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management 1158:got underway. This reform started partly with the 1150:address its economic problems. In the wake of the 5451:, Éd. Firmin Didot, Paris, 1825, tome 1, p. 155. 5409:Struys, Jeroen; De Lobel, Peter (25 March 2024). 5020:, Institut Destrée, Charleroi, 1997, pages 49–50 4859:. Walloon Region. 22 January 2007. Archived from 3985:, the best-selling beer in Belgium, is brewed in 3436:During the 19th and 20th centuries many original 2574:features the red rooster on a yellow background. 2416:with 75 members elected for five years by direct 2194:. It was the first fully industrialized area in 1020:Present-day Belgium was conquered in 1795 by the 658:) to the east. Wallonia has been a member of the 6805:NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union 6771: 6596: 5215:"Sonaca: Increasing visibility in North America" 4933: 4931: 3298:Baptismal font at St Bartholomew's Church, Liège 1001:in 1477 raised the issue of succession, and the 6218: 5548: 5546: 5125:"AGC Flat Glass: Leadership through innovation" 4939:"The region asserts itself (from 1840 to 1970)" 4318: 4132:, and it saw 7 303 720 passengers in 2016. The 3669:. It is perhaps the reason why the documentary 3581:) invented the saxophone in 1846. The composer 3084:the publication of a Walloon Poets' anthology. 788:and of medieval Walloon brass working expertise 5772:Cody, Gabrielle H.; Sprinchorn, Evert (2007). 5771: 5408: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4558:"Vlaamse overheid – Taalwetwijzer – Wetgeving" 3288:river valley in present-day Wallonia, and the 2447: 2068:theory of the origin of the universe in 1927. 966:gave the territory of present-day Wallonia to 662:Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie 6582: 6336: 5927:"les films repères dans l'histoire du cinéma" 5577: 4928: 4468: 4139: 3419:style, coined as a style in Paris by Bing. 1140:general strike against Leopold III of Belgium 74: 5543: 5521: 4916:(in French). Ministère de la Région wallonne 4882: 4428: 4306:Walloon Export and Foreign Investment Agency 2882:zone corresponding to the major part of the 2578: 2518:A red rooster is the main symbol of Wallonia 1389:), and Belgian Lorraine (which includes the 1048:. The Walloons played an active part in the 659: 45: 31: 6350: 5822:, Efi-costarica.com. Accessed 29 June 2023. 5725:"L'écrivain français le plus dans le monde" 5052: 4832: 4540:"Structuur van de bevolking | Statbel" 3228:'s work and the social issues in Wallonia. 2428:. The head of the Government is called the 60: 6589: 6575: 6343: 6329: 6100:"Qui sommes-nous? – logistics in Wallonia" 5007:, Vol. I, n° 2 (Winter 1967), pp. 129–130. 4294: 3938:is a fresh cheese which gets its airborne 2307: 2210:and is still suffering from difficulties. 2175:. There were also a few coal mines around 6795:French-speaking countries and territories 5853: 5775:The Columbia Encyclopedia of Modern Drama 5552: 4128:. It serves as a low-cost alternative to 4099:Learn how and when to remove this message 3665:Walloon films are often characterized by 3615:is generally regarded as a member of the 3012:Learn how and when to remove this message 2786:Learn how and when to remove this message 2550:), also named "Walloon rooster" (French: 2542:The rising of a Walloon identity led the 1969: 884:. The oldest surviving text written in a 862:. Due to the fragmentation of the former 5287: 4908: 4906: 4787: 3850: 3770: 3656: 3483: 3377:painter, architect and theorist for the 3245: 3103:theater of Liège of Jacques Ancion, the 3028: 2797: 2522:The first appearance of the French word 2513: 2326: 2311: 2238: 2212: 2139:was an important industrial area in the 2109: 1688: 1677: 1407: 1218: 1198: 1083: 1076:were first opened in 1888 and are now a 1067: 1032:to the Republic, which later became the 937: 772: 769:, likely originated in or near Wallonia. 754: 6221:Zweisprachigkeit in den Benelux-ländern 5833:Le troisième grand Maître de l'Ars Nova 5482:«C'est cette année-là que naît le mot 5329: 4778:Footnote: In medieval French, the word 4513: 4511: 4509: 3619:in the 1950s. Pousseur's music employs 3498:There was an important musical life in 2243:Urban blight in Damprémy near Charleroi 919:as the largest one, appeared along the 898:. From the 4th to the 7th century, the 832:. The ancestors of the Walloons became 717:, a group of locals who natively speak 393:municipalities with language facilities 6772: 5800:"Gustave Serrurier-Bovy | artnet" 5356: 5060:"Walloon incentives - Portal Wallonia" 4987:"HOUILLE : Définition de HOUILLE" 4914:"Wallonie : une région en Europe" 4812: 4810: 4534: 4532: 2481: 2073:Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine 1112:took place in Wallonia, including the 630:) to the south and west, and Germany ( 334:16,901 km (6,526 sq mi) 16:Southernmost federal region of Belgium 6570: 6324: 5914:Cinéma wallon et réalité particulière 5500:La préhistoire latine du mot Wallonie 5468:Histoire des mots Wallons et Wallonie 4903: 4799:(in French). Brussels: éditions de l' 4706:when referring to the Walloon Region. 4446: 4433: 4414: 3973:and the Brasserie Dupont (located in 3969:, most notably those produced at the 3112:by E.Remouchamps and the avant-garde 2860: 2806: 2388:. Wallonia is also home to the small 1620:3,675 km (1,419 sq mi) 1578:4,459 km (1,722 sq mi) 1536:3,857 km (1,489 sq mi) 1494:3,813 km (1,472 sq mi) 1074:boat lifts on the old Canal du Centre 618:and the Netherlands (the province of 504: 5945:"The Arts & Faith Top 100 Films" 5402: 5376: 5350: 5323: 5281: 5255: 4506: 4037:adding citations to reliable sources 4008: 3336:was a sculptor of the 16th century. 3044:theater linking French language and 2950:adding citations to reliable sources 2921: 2824:German-speaking Community of Belgium 2724:adding citations to reliable sources 2695: 2390:German-speaking Community of Belgium 1705:The largest cities in Wallonia are: 609:German-speaking Community of Belgium 547:German-speaking Community of Belgium 384:German-speaking Community of Belgium 274: • Governing parties 6739:Interregional Parliamentary Council 4807: 4529: 4155:is the sole Walloon city to have a 3757:are also inspired by the Bible and 3448:Wallon painters emerged, including 3302:Collegiate Church of Saint Gertrude 3296:and perhaps of the whole Mosan art 3200:(1896–1952), born in Mons, won the 1662:1,097 km (424 sq mi) 1185:State reforms was passed in Belgium 923:, while Gallo-Roman cities such as 872:dialects, which in Wallonia became 13: 6212: 5330:Kasteel, Jean van (11 June 2024). 5086:"Wallonia battles wasteland image" 4827:La Wallonie, le pays et les hommes 4475: 4401: 3930:is a rice-pudding filled pie from 3709:Mireille in the life of the others 2566:on 20 April 1913, and designed by 2494:presence. In Wallonia, there is a 2472:Belgian Chamber of Representatives 2400:assigned all of its powers to the 1976:Science and technology in Wallonia 187:Coordinates: 50°30′0'N, 4°45′ 0″ E 14: 6821: 6238: 5185:"IBA's growth still accelerating" 4945:. 22 January 2007. Archived from 4212:On the west side of Wallonia, in 4004: 3675:, and especially its co-director 3273:Mosan art, painting, architecture 2609:), and a cry, "Liberty" (French: 2601:for Wallonia, "Walloon Forever" ( 1243:(120 m (390 ft)) is an 1063: 1054:Provisional Government of Belgium 6712: 6387: 6243: 6191:"Maryland Sister States Program" 5896:(Scarecrow press, 1999, p. 191; 5894:Historical dictionary of Belgium 5585:"La Constitution belge (Art. 4)" 4358: 4338: 4325: 4276: 4262: 4247: 4241:Brussels South Charleroi Airport 4233: 4175:Trans-European Transport Network 4118:Brussels South Charleroi Airport 4013: 3683:and the films like those of the 3601:(1899–1970) was associated with 3255:Landscape with the Fire of Sodom 2926: 2700: 2062:Université catholique de Louvain 1951: 1933: 1915: 1897: 1879: 1861: 1843: 1825: 1807: 1789: 1632: 1590: 1548: 1506: 1464: 576:, and the most populous city is 463: 232: 219: 196: 178: 169: 155: 130: 118: 6183: 6166:"ベルギー3地域と「友好交流及び相互協力に関する覚書」を締結" 6158: 6128: 6110: 6092: 6062: 6032: 6023: 5993: 5967: 5937: 5919: 5907: 5887: 5874: 5847: 5838: 5825: 5810: 5792: 5765: 5747: 5717: 5700: 5676: 5666: 5650: 5625: 5606: 5493: 5473: 5457: 5429: 5237: 5207: 5177: 5147: 5117: 5104: 5078: 5030: 5010: 4997: 4979: 4961: 4891:(173): 5–38, in particular 17. 4875: 4772: 4752: 4727: 4709: 4670: 4024:needs additional citations for 3943:cool place before being eaten. 3609:is a more international group. 3561:(author of the unique opera in 3063:Flemish immigration to Wallonia 2937:needs additional citations for 2711:needs additional citations for 2458:History of the Walloon Movement 2187:basin during the 14th century. 2147:, Wallonia became a center for 2064:is credited with proposing the 1416: 1183:in Wallonia, a wider series of 1152:1960-1961 Winter General Strike 1144:1960-1961 Winter General Strike 1098:Flemish immigration to Wallonia 1088:Mons fusillade on 17 April 1893 915:. French-speaking cities, with 733:or the whole population of the 6749:European cultural capital 2007 5817:Your Antique Furniture Guide, 5714:, n° 13, Leuven November, 2005 4645: 4627: 4568: 4550: 3832:and the giants' procession in 3717:C'est arrivé près de chez vous 2830:, which is also spoken in the 2430:Minister-President of Wallonia 2321:Minister-President of Wallonia 2248:specialized fields, including 1223:The natural regions of Belgium 1040:, Wallonia became part of the 693:is a cognate of terms such as 669: 1: 5778:. Columbia University Press. 5553:lesoir.be (28 January 2016). 4943:Gateway to the Walloon Region 4857:Gateway to the Walloon Region 4635:"BBC – Languages – Languages" 4576:"EU regions by GDP, Eurostat" 4389: 4379:Manifesto for Walloon culture 4313:Flanders Investment and Trade 3690:Déjà s'envole la fleur maigre 3088:was translated in Walloon by 3052: 3024: 2486:Wallonia is considered to be 2406:French Community's parliament 2081:Université libre de Bruxelles 2048:Université libre de Bruxelles 2036:Solvay Institute of Sociology 1239:(70 m (230 ft)) to 1138:, major strikes included the 1011:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 6598:Greater Region of SaarLorLux 5508:à l'occasion de son éméritat 5357:Joyner, Ella (4 June 2024). 4394: 4319:Twin towns and sister states 4180: 3766: 3231: 3128: 3099:, for the new and important 2691: 2643:Religion in Wallonia (2016) 1959:Democratic Republic of Congo 1431:262 cities or municipalities 1194: 545:-Capital Region but not the 153:("The song of the Walloons") 7: 6754:House of the Greater Region 6223:(in German). Buske Verlag. 6195:Maryland Secretary of State 5633:"The Walloon language page" 5435:There is also a mention of 4351: 4111: 3977:, in the region of Western 3350:(Rogier de la Pasture) and 2620: 2448:History of Walloon autonomy 2382:French Community of Belgium 2001:First Industrial Revolution 1995:The economically important 1294:and the Basse-Sambre, near 1207:is the blue area along the 1146:for autonomy for Wallonia. 572:The capital of Wallonia is 539:French Community of Belgium 10: 6826: 6284:Walloon composers (French) 5854:Wangermée, Robert (1995). 4693:Belgian federal government 4682:Invest in Wallonia website 4653:"Gouvernement de Wallonie" 4140:Railways, motorways, buses 3993:. Wallonia also home to a 3881:Other specialties include 3846: 2917: 2509: 2451: 2354: 2105: 2075:were awarded to Walloons: 2046:which are now part of the 1973: 1160:linguistic laws of 1962–63 1042:Kingdom of the Netherlands 911:and around 1000 after the 809:became part of the larger 791: 750: 676:federal regions of Belgium 6721: 6710: 6680: 6657: 6639: 6626:German-speaking Community 6611: 6604: 6534: 6506: 6464: 6426: 6410: 6396: 6385: 6359: 5685:, Privat Toulouse, 2004, 5529:"AllStates Flag Co., Inc" 5297:Government and Opposition 5288:de Jonge, Léonie (2021). 5005:Journal of Social History 3805:, and the combat between 3693:(1960) (also shot in the 3652: 3500:Prince-Bishopric of Liège 3379:Prince-Bishopric of Liège 3146:Sequence of Saint Eulalia 2685: Other religion (1%) 2679: Non-religious (25%) 2412:The Walloon Region has a 1700: 1438: 1256:. The valley, along with 1114:Walloon jacquerie of 1886 1026:French Revolutionary Wars 989:In the 15th century, the 891:Sequence of Saint Eulalia 762:Sequence of Saint Eulalia 731:Prince-Bishopric of Liège 446: 436: 432:Third Sunday of September 426: 416: 408: 403: 376: 371: 359: 351: 343: 338: 330: 325: 314: 304: 290: 273: 263: 258: 248: 240:German-speaking Community 209: 191: 186: 177: 168: 144: 114: 105: 26: 6219:Johannes Kramer (1984). 5755:"Maigret and his master" 4598:The Belgian Constitution 4499: 4299: 3733:(1992) and the works of 3565:during the 20th century 3479: 2420:, and an executive, the 1665:368/km (950/sq mi) 1623:135/km (350/sq mi) 1539:288/km (750/sq mi) 1497:353/km (910/sq mi) 1102:Catholic Flemish society 622:) in the north, France ( 305: • Legislature 5683:Histoire de la Wallonie 4897:10.3406/rnord.1962.2410 4881:Kramer, pg. 59, citing 4797:Hommages à la Wallonie 4295:International relations 3687:(since 1979), there is 3476:appeared in the 1950s. 3280:is a regional style of 3204:in 1936, for his novel 3070:New York Public Library 2832:Brussels-Capital Region 2468:Conseil régional wallon 2349:Sambre and Meuse valley 2308:Politics and government 2223:comes from the healing 2137:Sambre and Meuse valley 1693:View of Namur with the 1682:View of Liège with the 1581:64/km (170/sq mi) 1233:Sambre and Meuse valley 1156:state reform in Belgium 1118:Belgian general strikes 725:(and French), the term 599:previously part of the 582:Sambre and Meuse valley 517:), is one of the three 412:€126.691 billion (2022) 355:220/km (570/sq mi) 6104:Logisticsinwallonia.be 6074:Liege.port-autonome.be 6070:"Liege port authority" 5819:Art Nouveau in Belgium 4760:Institut Jules Destrée 4523:Bestat.statbel.fgov.be 4490: 4486: 4482: 4469: 4464: 4443: 4429: 4411: 4374:History of coal mining 4218:Strépy-Thieu boat lift 3903:. Also notable is the 3863: 3862:, with a branded glass 3783: 3662: 3495: 3393:Gustave Serrurier-Bovy 3308:, and the churches of 3269: 3188:). There is a Walloon 3170:Jean Lemaire de Belges 3134:Jean-Marie Klinkenberg 3049: 2904:Luxembourgish language 2822:is also official. The 2803: 2610: 2606: 2579: 2559: 2551: 2547: 2519: 2422:Government of Wallonia 2375:Government of Wallonia 2371:Parliament of Wallonia 2352: 2333:Parliament of Wallonia 2324: 2244: 2236: 2132: 2114:Steelmaking along the 1970:Science and technology 1697: 1686: 1413: 1401:plateau, on which the 1318: 1224: 1216: 1089: 1081: 955: 789: 770: 660: 632:North Rhine-Westphalia 514: 501: 377: • Languages 309:Parliament of Wallonia 268:Government of Wallonia 264: • Executive 89: 75: 61: 46: 32: 6262:Logistics in Wallonia 6252:at Wikimedia Commons 6005:Practicallyedible.com 4416:[vaˈloːni̯ən] 3854: 3774: 3739:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 3660: 3523:Franco-Flemish School 3510:(the third Master of 3487: 3373:, 1505 – 1566) was a 3361:are generally called 3348:Rogier van der Weyden 3249: 3156:(14th century in the 3150:La Vie de Saint Léger 3033:Traditional puppets ( 3032: 2801: 2517: 2478:elected in Wallonia. 2414:unicameral parliament 2330: 2315: 2242: 2216: 2113: 2091:(UCLouvain) in 1974. 2026:gave his name to the 1999:in the course of the 1997:very deep coal mining 1692: 1681: 1411: 1303:intensive agriculture 1254:London-Brabant Massif 1222: 1202: 1128:), 1932 (depicted in 1106:Industrial Revolution 1087: 1071: 941: 844:and started to speak 836:and were called the " 776: 758: 603:at the conclusion of 554:Industrial Revolution 6759:Private cooperations 6667:Rhineland-Palatinate 5860:. Editions Mardaga. 5761:. 14 September 2003. 5735:on 27 September 2011 5531:. Allstates-flag.com 4448:[ʋɑˈloːnijə] 4033:improve this article 3997:called Peket, and a 3790:(Walloon French for 3472:... The avant-garde 3415:) with creating the 3322:Ornamental brassware 2946:improve this article 2842:(90), as opposed to 2720:improve this article 2581:Le Chant des Wallons 2570:on 3 July 1913. The 2498:in the media, where 2357:Politics of Wallonia 2252:, glass production, 2094:In the present day, 2087:(ULB) together with 1017:region from France. 913:Ottonian Renaissance 636:Rhineland-Palatinate 560:, the importance of 352: • Density 315: • Speaker 148:Le Chant des Wallons 6785:Culture of Wallonia 6734:Regional Commission 6303: / 6272:Musique en Wallonie 6267:Tourism in Wallonia 6044:Investinwallonia.be 5712:Image&Narrative 5488:L'identité wallonne 5018:L'identité wallonne 5016:Philippe Destatte, 4803:. pp. 431–447. 4270:Charleroi Pre-metro 4161:Charleroi Pre-metro 3775:The dragon and the 3753:. The films of the 3172:(16th century from 2492:right-wing populism 2482:Political landscape 1673:province of Brabant 1397:in Germany via the 1369:. Dividing it into 1173:Catholic University 1134:), and 1936. After 1078:World Heritage Site 960:Carolingian dynasty 935:became Germanized. 794:History of Wallonia 6800:Regions of Belgium 6790:Autonomous regions 6744:University Charter 6729:Summit Conferences 6277:2016-03-03 at the 5565:on 31 January 2016 5309:10.1017/gov.2020.8 5267:belganewsagency.eu 4820:Maurice Delbouille 4698:2009-02-21 at the 4687:2009-09-08 at the 4678:CIA World Factbook 4483:Wallonische Region 4435:[valoˈniː] 3971:Brasserie de Silly 3864: 3784: 3741:are influenced by 3681:Misère au Borinage 3672:Misère au Borinage 3663: 3496: 3413:Henry van de Velde 3387:Bertholet Flemalle 3383:Gérard de Lairesse 3334:Jacques du Broeucq 3330:Nicholas of Verdun 3270: 3082:Editions Gallimard 3050: 2861:Regional languages 2807:Official languages 2804: 2615:Walloon Parliament 2595:Belgian Revolution 2587:The Walloons' Song 2520: 2462:Following several 2418:universal suffrage 2373:and the executive 2353: 2325: 2276:area south of the 2245: 2237: 2196:continental Europe 2133: 2052:Solvay Conferences 2030:for production of 1698: 1687: 1427:20 arrondissements 1414: 1403:Signal de Botrange 1225: 1217: 1131:Misère au Borinage 1126:universal suffrage 1124:, 1902, 1913 (for 1094:continental Europe 1090: 1082: 1050:Belgian Revolution 1038:Battle of Waterloo 956: 948:Battle of Waterloo 790: 771: 638:) and Luxembourg ( 567:Flemish separatism 509:), officially the 437:Most populous city 409: • Total 344: • Total 331: • Total 293:Minister-President 6767: 6766: 6708: 6707: 6564: 6563: 6502: 6501: 6248:Media related to 6230:978-3-87118-597-7 6146:on 25 August 2018 6050:on 5 January 2010 6011:on 3 October 2009 5981:on 19 August 2010 5931:autourdu1ermai.fr 5696:premières heures. 5621:978-0-8032-2747-7 5587:(in French). the 5516:978-2-87209-857-6 5135:on 9 October 2008 5112:La Libre Belgique 4975:on 28 March 2006. 4676:For example, the 4611:on 10 August 2015 4109: 4108: 4101: 4083: 4001:called Maitrank. 3987:Jupille-sur-Meuse 3897:Garden strawberry 3794:), is one of the 3755:Dardenne brothers 3713:Jean-Marie Buchet 3685:Dardenne brothers 3661:Dardenne Brothers 3639:Couleurs croisées 3597:. More recently, 3543:Orlande de Lassus 3521:of the so-called 3504:Johannes Brassart 3462:Fernand Verhaegen 3251:Herri Met de Blès 3222:Tribune de Genève 3162:Jean d'Outremeuse 3158:County of Hainaut 3022: 3021: 3014: 2996: 2796: 2795: 2788: 2770: 2651:Roman Catholicism 2402:Flemish Community 2292:, and the famous 2192:sillon industriel 2129:sillon industriel 2089:Christian De Duve 1967: 1966: 1669: 1668: 1412:View of Charleroi 1357:, as well as the 1335:extensive farming 1267:sillon industriel 1264:valleys form the 1205:sillon industriel 1154:, the process of 1058:National Congress 1046:William of Orange 1034:Napoleonic Empire 991:Dukes of Burgundy 976:Lower Lotharingia 946:commemorates the 719:Romance languages 614:Wallonia borders 456: 455: 277: 161: 21:Region in Belgium 6817: 6716: 6621:French Community 6609: 6608: 6591: 6584: 6577: 6568: 6567: 6408: 6407: 6391: 6351:Subdivisions of 6345: 6338: 6331: 6322: 6321: 6318: 6317: 6315: 6314: 6313: 6308: 6307:50.500°N 4.750°E 6304: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6296: 6247: 6234: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6201: 6187: 6181: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6162: 6156: 6155: 6153: 6151: 6142:. 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Archived from 5550: 5541: 5540: 5538: 5536: 5525: 5519: 5497: 5491: 5481: 5477: 5471: 5465: 5461: 5455: 5445:Augustin Thierry 5442: 5433: 5427: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5406: 5400: 5399: 5397: 5395: 5388:www.euractiv.com 5380: 5374: 5373: 5371: 5369: 5354: 5348: 5347: 5345: 5343: 5327: 5321: 5320: 5294: 5285: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5269:. 3 January 2024 5259: 5253: 5252: 5241: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5221:. Archived from 5211: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5191:. Archived from 5181: 5175: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5161:. Archived from 5151: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5131:. Archived from 5121: 5115: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5092:. 6 October 2008 5082: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5062:. Archived from 5056: 5050: 5049: 5048:on 31 July 2013. 5044:. Archived from 5034: 5028: 5014: 5008: 5001: 4995: 4994: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4971:. Archived from 4965: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4954: 4935: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4910: 4901: 4900: 4879: 4873: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4849: 4830: 4818: 4814: 4805: 4804: 4776: 4770: 4768: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4731: 4725: 4724: 4713: 4707: 4674: 4668: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4618: 4616: 4610: 4603: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4554: 4548: 4547: 4536: 4527: 4526: 4515: 4493: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4458: 4457: 4456: 4450: 4437: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4424: 4418: 4405: 4368: 4363: 4362: 4361: 4343: 4342: 4330: 4329: 4280: 4266: 4251: 4237: 4214:Hainaut Province 4130:Brussels Airport 4104: 4097: 4093: 4090: 4084: 4082: 4041: 4017: 4009: 3979:Hainaut Province 3819:fr:Hommes blancs 3719:(English title: 3617:Darmstadt School 3555:Henri Vieuxtemps 3541:Among them were 3536:Hainaut Province 3508:Johannes Ciconia 3431:Aristide Maillol 3241:Hainaut Province 3198:Charles Plisnier 3194:Hainaut Province 3192:, especially in 3152:(10th century), 3046:Walloon language 3017: 3010: 3006: 3003: 2997: 2995: 2954: 2930: 2922: 2896:Lorrain language 2884:Hainaut Province 2848:quatre-vingt-dix 2791: 2784: 2780: 2777: 2771: 2769: 2728: 2704: 2696: 2684: 2678: 2668: 2658: 2648: 2613:). In 1998, the 2584: 2572:Flag of Wallonia 2564:Walloon Assembly 2544:Walloon Movement 2537:Flemish Movement 2496:cordon sanitaire 2454:Walloon Movement 2426:Walloon minister 2058:Georges Lemaître 2009:Rennequin Sualem 2005:mining engineers 1957: 1955: 1954: 1939: 1937: 1936: 1921: 1919: 1918: 1903: 1901: 1900: 1885: 1883: 1882: 1867: 1865: 1864: 1849: 1847: 1846: 1831: 1829: 1828: 1813: 1811: 1810: 1795: 1793: 1792: 1785: 1784: 1638: 1636: 1635: 1596: 1594: 1593: 1554: 1552: 1551: 1512: 1510: 1509: 1470: 1468: 1467: 1449: 1448:(1 January 2019) 1436: 1435: 1359:Belgian Lorraine 1319:Wallonie picarde 1245:entrenched river 1189:French Community 1181:brand new campus 1175:amid shouts of " 1142:(1950), and the 999:Charles the Bold 964:Treaty of Verdun 784:, an example of 665: 648:Esch-sur-Alzette 508: 506:[walɔni] 495: 494: 491: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 275: 238: 236: 235: 227:French Community 225: 223: 222: 202: 200: 199: 182: 173: 163: 162: 134: 122: 100: 92: 86: 78: 72: 64: 57: 49: 43: 35: 24: 23: 6825: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6814: 6770: 6769: 6768: 6763: 6717: 6704: 6676: 6653: 6635: 6600: 6595: 6565: 6560: 6538: 6530: 6508:Arrondissements 6498: 6494:Walloon Brabant 6460: 6446:Flemish Brabant 6422: 6401: 6392: 6383: 6379:German-speaking 6355: 6349: 6311: 6309: 6305: 6302: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6290: 6289: 6279:Wayback Machine 6257:www.wallonie.be 6241: 6231: 6215: 6213:Further reading 6210: 6209: 6199: 6197: 6189: 6188: 6184: 6174: 6172: 6164: 6163: 6159: 6149: 6147: 6134: 6133: 6129: 6116: 6115: 6111: 6098: 6097: 6093: 6083: 6081: 6068: 6067: 6063: 6053: 6051: 6038: 6037: 6033: 6028: 6024: 6014: 6012: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5984: 5982: 5973: 5972: 5968: 5958: 5956: 5955:on 3 March 2011 5943: 5942: 5938: 5925: 5924: 5920: 5912: 5908: 5892: 5888: 5879: 5875: 5868: 5852: 5848: 5843: 5839: 5830: 5826: 5815: 5811: 5798: 5797: 5793: 5786: 5770: 5766: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5738: 5736: 5723: 5722: 5718: 5705: 5701: 5681: 5677: 5671: 5667: 5655: 5651: 5641: 5639: 5631: 5630: 5626: 5611: 5607: 5594: 5592: 5583: 5582: 5578: 5568: 5566: 5551: 5544: 5534: 5532: 5527: 5526: 5522: 5498: 5494: 5479: 5478: 5474: 5463: 5462: 5458: 5440: 5439:in 1825 : 5434: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5407: 5403: 5393: 5391: 5382: 5381: 5377: 5367: 5365: 5355: 5351: 5341: 5339: 5328: 5324: 5292: 5286: 5282: 5272: 5270: 5261: 5260: 5256: 5243: 5242: 5238: 5228: 5226: 5213: 5212: 5208: 5198: 5196: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5168: 5166: 5165:on 22 July 2011 5153: 5152: 5148: 5138: 5136: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5109: 5105: 5095: 5093: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5069: 5067: 5058: 5057: 5053: 5036: 5035: 5031: 5015: 5011: 5002: 4998: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4952: 4950: 4937: 4936: 4929: 4919: 4917: 4912: 4911: 4904: 4880: 4876: 4866: 4864: 4851: 4850: 4833: 4816: 4815: 4808: 4777: 4773: 4762: 4757: 4753: 4743: 4741: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4715: 4714: 4710: 4700:Wayback Machine 4689:Wayback Machine 4675: 4671: 4661: 4659: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4633: 4632: 4628: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4578: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4556: 4555: 4551: 4544:Statbel.fgov.be 4538: 4537: 4530: 4517: 4516: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4496: 4480: 4476: 4452: 4451: 4420: 4419: 4406: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4364: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4337: 4324: 4321: 4302: 4297: 4290: 4281: 4272: 4267: 4258: 4257:Railway Station 4252: 4243: 4238: 4187:autonomous port 4183: 4142: 4114: 4105: 4094: 4088: 4085: 4042: 4040: 4030: 4018: 4007: 3849: 3788:Ducasse de Mons 3781:Ducasse de Mons 3769: 3655: 3591:Guillaume Lekeu 3571:Arthur Grumiaux 3567:Piére li houyeû 3551:Guillaume Dufay 3547:Gilles Binchois 3493:Gilles Binchois 3489:Guillaume Dufay 3482: 3367:Lambert Lombard 3356:Joachim Patinir 3275: 3234: 3218:Georges Simenon 3214:Arthur Koestler 3210:Faux Passeports 3184:(18th century, 3148:(9th century), 3136:(member of the 3131: 3078:Raymond Queneau 3055: 3040:) of an (also) 3027: 3018: 3007: 3001: 2998: 2955: 2953: 2943: 2931: 2920: 2863: 2809: 2792: 2781: 2775: 2772: 2729: 2727: 2717: 2705: 2694: 2689: 2688: 2687: 2686: 2682: 2680: 2676: 2674: 2666: 2664: 2656: 2654: 2646: 2623: 2512: 2484: 2460: 2452:Main articles: 2450: 2363: 2355:Main articles: 2310: 2108: 1978: 1972: 1952: 1950: 1934: 1932: 1916: 1914: 1898: 1896: 1880: 1878: 1862: 1860: 1844: 1842: 1826: 1824: 1808: 1806: 1790: 1788: 1770:Braine-l'Alleud 1703: 1640:Walloon Brabant 1633: 1631: 1591: 1589: 1549: 1547: 1507: 1505: 1465: 1463: 1447: 1446: 1419: 1315:Western Hainaut 1307:Walloon Brabant 1197: 1110:general strikes 1066: 1022:French Republic 997:. The death of 952:Napoleonic Wars 842:Celtic dialects 796: 753: 697:, Cornwall and 672: 628:Hauts-de-France 593:German-speaking 535:French-speaking 515:Région wallonne 466: 462: 451:www.wallonie.be 428:Celebration Day 396: 387: 382:German (in the 381: 298:Adrien Dolimont 244: 233: 231: 220: 218: 197: 195: 164: 156: 154: 151: 140: 139: 138: 137: 128: 127: 110: 101: 94: 87: 80: 73: 66: 58: 51: 44: 37: 29: 22: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6823: 6813: 6812: 6810:Walloon people 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6725: 6723: 6719: 6718: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6686: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6675: 6674: 6669: 6663: 6661: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6651: 6645: 6643: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6633: 6631:Walloon Region 6628: 6623: 6617: 6615: 6606: 6602: 6601: 6594: 6593: 6586: 6579: 6571: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6542: 6540: 6536:Municipalities 6532: 6531: 6529: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6516:Administrative 6512: 6510: 6504: 6503: 6500: 6499: 6497: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6470: 6468: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6432: 6430: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6420: 6416: 6414: 6405: 6394: 6393: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6365: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6348: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6325: 6287: 6286: 6281: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6240: 6239:External links 6237: 6236: 6235: 6229: 6214: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6182: 6157: 6127: 6109: 6091: 6080:on 14 May 2011 6061: 6031: 6022: 5992: 5966: 5936: 5918: 5906: 5886: 5873: 5866: 5846: 5837: 5824: 5809: 5791: 5784: 5764: 5746: 5716: 5706:An Paenhuysen 5699: 5675: 5665: 5649: 5624: 5605: 5589:Belgian Senate 5576: 5542: 5520: 5492: 5472: 5466:Albert Henry, 5456: 5428: 5401: 5375: 5349: 5322: 5303:(4): 598–614. 5280: 5254: 5236: 5225:on 6 July 2011 5206: 5195:on 6 July 2011 5176: 5146: 5116: 5103: 5077: 5066:on 21 May 2011 5051: 5029: 5009: 4996: 4978: 4960: 4927: 4902: 4874: 4831: 4806: 4793:Hasquin, Hervé 4789:Stengers, Jean 4771: 4751: 4739:Etymonline.com 4726: 4721:Etymonline.com 4708: 4669: 4644: 4626: 4588: 4567: 4549: 4528: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4495: 4494: 4474: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4387: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4366:Belgium portal 4353: 4350: 4349: 4348: 4335: 4320: 4317: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4292: 4291: 4282: 4275: 4273: 4268: 4261: 4259: 4253: 4246: 4244: 4239: 4232: 4226:Belgian francs 4182: 4179: 4149:public transit 4147:is the single 4141: 4138: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4021: 4019: 4012: 4006: 4005:Transportation 4003: 3949:Trappist beers 3920:tarte al djote 3892:sirop de Liège 3876:bread of Jesus 3848: 3845: 3768: 3765: 3667:social realism 3654: 3651: 3613:Henri Pousseur 3481: 3478: 3474:CoBrA movement 3466:Antoine Wiertz 3326:Hugo d'Oignies 3282:Romanesque art 3274: 3271: 3233: 3230: 3154:Jean Froissart 3130: 3127: 3110:Tati l'Pèriquî 3054: 3051: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3019: 2934: 2932: 2925: 2919: 2916: 2862: 2859: 2828:Belgian French 2808: 2805: 2794: 2793: 2708: 2706: 2699: 2693: 2690: 2681: 2675: 2665: 2655: 2645: 2641: 2640: 2639: 2627:Roman Catholic 2622: 2619: 2511: 2508: 2483: 2480: 2476:Belgian Senate 2449: 2446: 2398:Flemish Region 2309: 2306: 2173:Walloon Method 2155:working, with 2107: 2104: 2100:Millau Viaduct 2096:Bureau Greisch 2028:Solvay process 2011:for instance. 1982:baptismal font 1974:Main article: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1947: 1946: 1943: 1929: 1928: 1925: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1893: 1892: 1889: 1875: 1874: 1871: 1857: 1856: 1853: 1839: 1838: 1835: 1821: 1820: 1817: 1803: 1802: 1799: 1780: 1779: 1773: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1749: 1743: 1737: 1731: 1725: 1719: 1713: 1702: 1699: 1667: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1647: 1629: 1625: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1605: 1587: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1563: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1521: 1503: 1499: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1479: 1461: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1443: 1440: 1423:five provinces 1418: 1415: 1196: 1193: 1065: 1064:Belgian period 1062: 993:took over the 968:Middle Francia 811:Gallia Belgica 805:in 57 BC. The 792:Main article: 778:Baptismal font 752: 749: 685:Walloon Region 671: 668: 562:heavy industry 511:Walloon Region 454: 453: 448: 444: 443: 438: 434: 433: 430: 424: 423: 420: 414: 413: 410: 406: 405: 401: 400: 378: 374: 373: 369: 368: 363: 357: 356: 353: 349: 348: 345: 341: 340: 336: 335: 332: 328: 327: 323: 322: 316: 312: 311: 306: 302: 301: 295: 288: 287: 278: 271: 270: 265: 261: 260: 256: 255: 250: 246: 245: 243: 242: 229: 215: 213: 207: 206: 193: 189: 188: 184: 183: 175: 174: 166: 165: 152: 142: 141: 135: 129: 123: 117: 116: 115: 112: 111: 106: 103: 102: 59: 30: 27: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6822: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6720: 6715: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6679: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6660: 6656: 6650: 6647: 6646: 6644: 6642: 6638: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6618: 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5928: 5922: 5915: 5910: 5903: 5902:0-8108-3603-3 5899: 5895: 5890: 5884: 5877: 5869: 5867:9782870096000 5863: 5859: 5858: 5850: 5841: 5834: 5828: 5821: 5820: 5813: 5805: 5801: 5795: 5787: 5785:9780231144223 5781: 5777: 5776: 5768: 5760: 5759:theage.com.au 5756: 5750: 5734: 5730: 5726: 5720: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5697: 5692: 5691:2-7089-4779-6 5688: 5684: 5679: 5669: 5663: 5662:1-58811-054-0 5659: 5653: 5638: 5634: 5628: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5609: 5602: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5549: 5547: 5530: 5524: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5507: 5501: 5496: 5489: 5485: 5476: 5469: 5460: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5438: 5432: 5416: 5412: 5405: 5389: 5385: 5379: 5364: 5360: 5353: 5337: 5333: 5326: 5318: 5314: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5291: 5284: 5268: 5264: 5258: 5250: 5246: 5240: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5210: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5180: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5150: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5113: 5110:According to 5107: 5091: 5087: 5081: 5065: 5061: 5055: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5033: 5027: 5026:2-87035-000-7 5023: 5019: 5013: 5006: 5000: 4992: 4988: 4982: 4974: 4970: 4964: 4949:on 1 May 2008 4948: 4944: 4940: 4934: 4932: 4915: 4909: 4907: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4887:(in French). 4886: 4885:Revue du Nord 4878: 4863:on 1 May 2008 4862: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4828: 4824: 4821: 4813: 4811: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4785: 4781: 4775: 4766: 4761: 4755: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4722: 4718: 4712: 4705: 4702:use the term 4701: 4697: 4694: 4690: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4673: 4658: 4654: 4648: 4640: 4636: 4630: 4623: 4607: 4600: 4599: 4592: 4577: 4571: 4563: 4562:Vlaanderen.be 4559: 4553: 4545: 4541: 4535: 4533: 4524: 4520: 4514: 4512: 4510: 4505: 4492: 4491:Redjon walone 4488: 4484: 4478: 4471: 4466: 4462: 4455: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4423: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4404: 4400: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4371: 4367: 4356: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4322: 4316: 4314: 4309: 4307: 4289: 4285: 4279: 4274: 4271: 4265: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4245: 4242: 4236: 4231: 4230: 4229: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4210: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4178: 4176: 4171: 4169: 4164: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4137: 4135: 4134:Liège Airport 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4103: 4100: 4092: 4081: 4078: 4074: 4071: 4067: 4064: 4060: 4057: 4053: 4050: – 4049: 4045: 4044:Find sources: 4038: 4034: 4028: 4027: 4022:This section 4020: 4016: 4011: 4010: 4002: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3950: 3944: 3941: 3940:P. roqueforti 3935: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3893: 3888: 3884: 3879: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3861: 3858: 3857:Trappist beer 3853: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3782: 3778: 3773: 3764: 3762: 3761: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3723: 3722:Man bites dog 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3705: 3704:Vase de noces 3700: 3696: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3668: 3659: 3650: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3635: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3539: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3524: 3520: 3515: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3494: 3491:(left), with 3490: 3486: 3477: 3475: 3471: 3470:René Magritte 3467: 3463: 3459: 3458:Pierre Paulus 3455: 3451: 3450:Félicien Rops 3447: 3443: 3442:expressionist 3439: 3434: 3432: 3428: 3427:Pierre Renoir 3424: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3353: 3352:Jacques Daret 3349: 3345: 3344:Robert Campin 3341: 3337: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3294:Renier de Huy 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3242: 3239:is spoken in 3238: 3229: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3202:Prix Goncourt 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3097:pataphysician 3095: 3091: 3090:André Blavier 3087: 3083: 3079: 3074: 3071: 3066: 3064: 3060: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3036: 3031: 3016: 3013: 3005: 2994: 2991: 2987: 2984: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2970: 2966: 2963: – 2962: 2958: 2957:Find sources: 2951: 2947: 2941: 2940: 2935:This section 2933: 2929: 2924: 2923: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2890:(district of 2889: 2885: 2881: 2878:is spoken, a 2877: 2873: 2872: 2871:Langues d'oïl 2867: 2858: 2856: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2800: 2790: 2787: 2779: 2768: 2765: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2751: 2747: 2744: 2740: 2737: – 2736: 2732: 2731:Find sources: 2725: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2709:This section 2707: 2703: 2698: 2697: 2672: 2662: 2661:Protestantism 2652: 2644: 2638: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2618: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2583: 2582: 2575: 2573: 2569: 2568:Pierre Paulus 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2529:Albert Mockel 2525: 2516: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2464:state reforms 2459: 2455: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2410: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2367:federal state 2365:Belgium is a 2362: 2358: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2329: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2305: 2301: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2241: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2221: 2215: 2211: 2209: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2188: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2131: 2130: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2090: 2086: 2085:Albert Claude 2082: 2078: 2074: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2024:Ernest Solvay 2021: 2020:Gramme dynamo 2018:invented the 2017: 2016:Zenobe Gramme 2012: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1993: 1991: 1987: 1986:Renier de Huy 1983: 1977: 1962: 1960: 1949: 1948: 1944: 1942: 1931: 1930: 1926: 1924: 1913: 1912: 1908: 1906: 1895: 1894: 1890: 1888: 1877: 1876: 1872: 1870: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1852: 1841: 1840: 1836: 1834: 1823: 1822: 1818: 1816: 1805: 1804: 1800: 1798: 1787: 1786: 1783: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1706: 1696: 1691: 1685: 1680: 1676: 1674: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1644:Waals-Brabant 1641: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1599: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1473: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1454: 1451: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1410: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1355:Land of Herve 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1268: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1221: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1201: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1147: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1132: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1086: 1079: 1075: 1070: 1061: 1059: 1055: 1052:in 1830. The 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 995:Low Countries 992: 987: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 953: 949: 945: 940: 936: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 901: 897: 893: 892: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 870: 865: 861: 857: 854: 849: 847: 843: 839: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 815: 812: 808: 807:Low Countries 804: 800: 799:Julius Caesar 795: 787: 783: 782:Renier de Huy 779: 775: 768: 764: 763: 757: 748: 746: 745:Low Countries 743: 739: 736: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 711:the strangers 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 688: 686: 682: 677: 667: 664: 663: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 612: 610: 606: 602: 601:German Empire 598: 594: 589: 587: 583: 579: 575: 570: 568: 563: 559: 555: 550: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 507: 503: 499: 493: 460: 452: 449: 445: 442: 439: 435: 431: 429: 425: 421: 419: 418:ISO 3166 code 415: 411: 407: 402: 399: 394: 390: 385: 379: 375: 370: 367: 364: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 337: 333: 329: 324: 320: 317: 313: 310: 307: 303: 299: 296: 294: 291: • 289: 286: 282: 279: 272: 269: 266: 262: 257: 254: 251: 247: 241: 230: 228: 217: 216: 214: 212: 208: 205: 194: 190: 185: 181: 176: 172: 167: 150: 149: 143: 133: 126: 121: 113: 109: 104: 98: 97:Luxembourgish 91: 84: 77: 70: 63: 55: 48: 41: 34: 25: 19: 6722:Institutions 6695:Grevenmacher 6630: 6465: 6288: 6242: 6220: 6198:. Retrieved 6194: 6185: 6173:. Retrieved 6169: 6160: 6148:. Retrieved 6144:the original 6139: 6130: 6121: 6112: 6103: 6094: 6082:. Retrieved 6078:the original 6073: 6064: 6052:. Retrieved 6048:the original 6043: 6034: 6025: 6013:. Retrieved 6009:the original 6004: 5995: 5983:. Retrieved 5979:the original 5969: 5957:. Retrieved 5953:the original 5948: 5939: 5930: 5921: 5913: 5909: 5893: 5889: 5876: 5856: 5849: 5840: 5832: 5827: 5818: 5812: 5803: 5794: 5774: 5767: 5758: 5749: 5737:. Retrieved 5733:the original 5728: 5719: 5711: 5707: 5702: 5694: 5682: 5678: 5668: 5652: 5640:. Retrieved 5636: 5627: 5612: 5608: 5600: 5593:. Retrieved 5579: 5567:. Retrieved 5563:the original 5558: 5533:. Retrieved 5523: 5506:Jean Pirotte 5503: 5499: 5495: 5487: 5483: 5475: 5467: 5459: 5448: 5436: 5431: 5419:. Retrieved 5415:De Standaard 5414: 5404: 5392:. Retrieved 5390:. 6 May 2024 5387: 5378: 5366:. Retrieved 5362: 5352: 5340:. Retrieved 5335: 5325: 5300: 5296: 5283: 5271:. Retrieved 5266: 5257: 5248: 5239: 5227:. Retrieved 5223:the original 5218: 5209: 5197:. Retrieved 5193:the original 5188: 5179: 5167:. Retrieved 5163:the original 5158: 5149: 5137:. Retrieved 5133:the original 5128: 5119: 5106: 5096:27 September 5094:. Retrieved 5089: 5080: 5068:. Retrieved 5064:the original 5054: 5046:the original 5041: 5032: 5017: 5012: 5004: 4999: 4990: 4981: 4973:the original 4963: 4951:. Retrieved 4947:the original 4942: 4920:29 September 4918:. Retrieved 4888: 4884: 4877: 4865:. Retrieved 4861:the original 4856: 4826: 4822: 4796: 4783: 4779: 4774: 4754: 4742:. Retrieved 4738: 4729: 4720: 4711: 4703: 4672: 4660:. Retrieved 4656: 4647: 4638: 4629: 4620: 4615:10 September 4613:. Retrieved 4606:the original 4597: 4591: 4581:18 September 4579:. Retrieved 4570: 4561: 4552: 4543: 4522: 4487:Waals gewest 4477: 4403: 4310: 4303: 4211: 4195:Albert Canal 4184: 4172: 4165: 4157:metro system 4143: 4115: 4095: 4086: 4076: 4069: 4062: 4055: 4043: 4031:Please help 4026:verification 4023: 3964: 3945: 3939: 3936: 3928:tarte au riz 3919: 3890: 3887:apple butter 3883:Herve cheese 3880: 3875: 3868:Liège waffle 3865: 3823: 3818: 3814: 3807:Saint George 3785: 3776: 3758: 3751:black comedy 3731:André Bonzel 3727:Rémy Belvaux 3720: 3716: 3708: 3702: 3699:Thierry Zéno 3688: 3680: 3677:Henri Storck 3670: 3664: 3647:Michel Butor 3638: 3632: 3611: 3599:André Souris 3585:was born in 3583:César Franck 3566: 3559:Eugène Ysaÿe 3540: 3516: 3497: 3454:Paul Delvaux 3435: 3423:George Grard 3421: 3409:Victor Horta 3391: 3338: 3276: 3254: 3235: 3209: 3205: 3142: 3132: 3124: 3113: 3109: 3075: 3067: 3056: 3008: 2999: 2989: 2982: 2975: 2968: 2956: 2944:Please help 2939:verification 2936: 2869: 2864: 2852: 2847: 2844:soixante-dix 2843: 2839: 2835: 2816:East Cantons 2810: 2782: 2773: 2763: 2756: 2749: 2742: 2730: 2718:Please help 2713:verification 2710: 2642: 2624: 2586: 2576: 2541: 2535:used by the 2532: 2523: 2521: 2485: 2467: 2461: 2442:Elio Di Rupo 2425: 2411: 2379: 2364: 2317:Elio Di Rupo 2302: 2269: 2260:production, 2246: 2218: 2204: 2189: 2151:working and 2141:Roman Empire 2134: 2127: 2093: 2077:Jules Bordet 2070: 2056: 2013: 1994: 1979: 1781: 1704: 1670: 1653: 1643: 1611: 1601: 1569: 1559: 1527: 1517: 1485: 1475: 1442:Capital city 1420: 1417:Subdivisions 1300: 1265: 1227:Wallonia is 1226: 1177:Walen buiten 1176: 1164:constitution 1148: 1136:World War II 1129: 1091: 1036:. After the 1019: 988: 957: 944:Lion's Mound 909:Carolingians 905:Merovingians 889: 886:langue d'oïl 885: 869:langue d'oïl 867: 864:Roman Empire 850: 846:Vulgar Latin 834:Gallo-Romans 797: 760: 726: 723:Middle Dutch 710: 690: 689: 684: 680: 673: 666:since 1980. 613: 590: 571: 558:World War II 551: 525:—along with 510: 458: 457: 372:Demographics 319:Willy Borsus 146: 136:Coat of arms 18: 6361:Communities 6310: / 6200:28 February 6054:28 February 6015:28 February 5739:28 February 5535:27 February 5480:(in French) 5464:(in French) 5453:read online 5441:(in French) 5338:(in French) 5229:11 November 5199:11 November 5169:11 November 5139:11 November 5070:22 December 4817:(in French) 4763: [ 4744:28 February 4662:28 February 4657:Wallonie.be 4489:; Walloon: 3634:Votre Faust 3575:Adolphe Sax 3519:vocal music 3417:Art Nouveau 3405:Paul Hankar 3375:Renaissance 3340:Flemish art 3226:Jean Louvet 3105:Al Botroûle 3048:literature 3042:avant-garde 3035:Charlemagne 2894:) with the 2850:in France. 2577:An anthem, 2323:since 2019. 2294:hot springs 2270:frontaliers 2225:hot springs 2145:Middle Ages 2102:in France. 2083:) in 1919, 1992:in origin. 1941:Netherlands 1734:La Louvière 1385:(including 1379:Calestienne 1284:La Louvière 1044:under King 1024:during the 1013:gained the 972:Lotharingia 853:Merovingian 740:within the 670:Terminology 605:World War I 591:There is a 552:During the 285:Les Engagés 6774:Categories 6700:Luxembourg 6682:Luxembourg 6484:Luxembourg 6084:24 January 5804:Artnet.com 5595:18 January 5591:. May 2007 5417:(in Dutch) 4953:14 January 4867:13 January 4390:References 4059:newspapers 4048:"Wallonia" 3907:specialty 3743:surrealism 3735:Noël Godin 3603:Surrealism 3446:surrealist 3365:painters. 3359:Henri Blès 3190:Surrealism 3166:Jean Lebel 3053:In Walloon 3038:Tchantchès 3025:Literature 2972:newspapers 2961:"Wallonia" 2908:Arelerland 2900:Champenois 2746:newspapers 2735:"Wallonia" 2635:Protestant 2633:, 3% were 2607:Walon todi 2552:coq wallon 2266:Luxembourg 2262:cyclotrons 1556:Luxembourg 1476:Henegouwen 1445:Population 1249:fault line 1229:landlocked 984:Old French 929:Maastricht 801:conquered 767:Old French 738:sprachraum 709:, meaning 339:Population 259:Government 90:Wallounien 6539:by region 6521:Electoral 6403:Provinces 6150:24 August 6122:Skywin.be 5637:skynet.be 5559:lesoir.be 5317:0017-257X 5038:"Welcome" 4717:"Walloon" 4639:Bbc.co.uk 4519:"be.STAT" 4485:; Dutch: 4470:Walonreye 4412:Wallonien 4395:Footnotes 4384:Huguenots 4203:Rotterdam 4181:Waterways 4153:Charleroi 4089:June 2023 3961:Rochefort 3874:, or the 3836:are also 3815:white men 3777:white men 3767:Festivals 3747:absurdism 3621:serialism 3589:in 1822, 3577:(born in 3399:, 1858 – 3290:Rhineland 3284:from the 3278:Mosan art 3232:In Picard 3129:In French 3002:June 2023 2910:(Land of 2838:(70) and 2776:June 2023 2692:Languages 2560:cok walon 2548:coq hardi 2500:far-right 2488:left-wing 2258:limestone 2250:armaments 2217:The word 2185:Charleroi 2177:Charleroi 2143:. In the 2126:, on the 2014:Engineer 1724:(110,428) 1718:(195,790) 1712:(204,146) 1710:Charleroi 1560:Luxemburg 1533:1,106,992 1491:1,344,241 1399:High Fens 1387:Thiérache 1321:, around 1317:(French: 1292:Charleroi 1290:, around 1288:Pays noir 1282:, around 1274:, around 1241:Charleroi 1195:Geography 1028:. 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