Waldensians - Knowledge

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The sick and the aged were burned alive in their dwellings. Some had their hands and arms and legs lopped off, and fire applied to the severed parts to staunch the bleeding and prolong their suffering. Some were flayed alive, some were roasted alive, some disemboweled; or tied to trees in their own orchards, and their hearts cut out. Some were horribly mutilated, and of others the brains were boiled and eaten by these cannibals. Some were fastened down into the furrows of their own fields, and ploughed into the soil as men plough manure into it. Others were buried alive. Fathers were marched to death with the heads of their sons suspended round their necks. Parents were compelled to look on while their children were first outraged , then massacred, before being themselves permitted to die.

3476: 8248: 1852: 2688:. In the renewed persecution, and in an echo of the Piedmont Easter Massacre of only three decades earlier, the Duke issued an edict on 31 January 1686 that decreed the destruction of all the Vaudois churches and that all inhabitants of the Valleys should publicly announce their error in religion within fifteen days under penalty of death and banishment. But the Vaudois remained resistant. After the fifteen days, an army of 9,000 French and Piedmontese soldiers invaded the Valleys against the estimated 2,500 Vaudois, but found that every village had organized a defense force that kept the French and Piedmontese soldiers at bay. 2754: 2945: 2653: 10812: 2473: 3904: 2309: 3850: 4112: 2741:, by 4,000 French troops with cannons, the final assault was delayed by storm and then by cloud cover. The French commander was so confident of completing his job the next morning that he sent a message to Paris that the Waldensian force had already been destroyed. However, when the French awoke the next morning they discovered that the Waldensians, guided by one of their number familiar with the Balsiglia, had already descended from the peak during the night and were now miles away. 163: 2049:, which refers to Christ specifically calling to baptize those who believed, and Reinerius Saccho mentioning how the Waldensians believed that the "ablution which is given to infants profits nothing". Thus there seems to have been an understanding among the Waldensians that infants could be saved without baptism. They rejected confession to priests, the practice of venerating the saints, the use of oaths, secular courts and prayers for the dead. They however accepted the 2608: 7950: 4046: 10689: 8525: 7902: 3434: 2645:". Swiss and Dutch Calvinists set up an "underground railroad" to bring many of the survivors north to Switzerland and even as far as the Dutch Republic, where the councillors of the city of Amsterdam chartered three ships to take some 167 Waldensians to their City Colony in the New World (Delaware) on Christmas Day 1656. Those that stayed behind in France and the Piedmont formed a guerilla resistance movement led by a farmer, 7914: 4058: 7926: 7938: 3791:, celebrating the 250th anniversary of the Waldensian emigration to Germany. He was unable to come for reasons of health but sent A. Jalla, a teacher, described as being full of spite and hatred against all things German after 1945, but who joined in the effort for reconciliation 1949. Based on these experiences, the first town-twinning partnership between Germany and France was signed 1950 between 36: 3635:, engaged in widespread missionary activity, and "planted the seeds of the Reformation" in Europe. Despite the claims of that the Waldensians were observant of resting on the Sabbath, Waldensians historians like Emilio Comba, Giorgio Spini, and Gabriel Audisio have stated the confusion is due to either the name of shoes worn by their travelling preachers or of their accusation's of holding 2592:

latter, abandoning their homes and lands in the lower valleys and removing to the upper valleys. It was written that these targets of persecution, including old men, women, little children and the sick "waded through the icy waters, climbed the frozen peaks, and at length reached the homes of their impoverished brethren of the upper Valleys, where they were warmly received."

3833:‰ = 0.8% ('eight per thousand') from their annual income tax return. They may choose an organised religion recognised by Italy or a social assistance scheme run by the Italian State. While the Waldensians have only about 25,000 enlisted members, more than 600,000 Italians are willing to support the Waldensian community and its charitable works. The 3700:(GAW) praised them as one of the most interesting churches of all—was not confined to a theological fascination. It led to extensive financial support, loans, exchange of priesters and communities, aid missions and political interventions for the Italian Waldensians and their charitable efforts, starting from the seventeenth century. After World War 3892:, is the administrative center of the Waldensian Evangelical Church of the River Plate. In 1969, the Church established a mission in Barrio Nuevo, which became a soup kitchen for Saturdays and Sundays, for 500 poor families. Missionary activity has led to the conversion of new people without Waldensian ancestry, who are called "new Waldensian". 2865:. It recognizes as its doctrinal standard the confession of faith published in 1655 and based on the Reformed confession of 1559. It admits only two ceremonies, baptism and the Lord's Supper. Supreme authority in the body is exercised by an annual synod, and the affairs of the individual congregations are administered by a 2282:

in 1756 in his Compendieuses Church and Heretic Lexicon defined Sabbatati (a sect of the Waldenses) as those who kept the sabbath with the Jews. In the early Waldenses prose tracts there existed an exposition on the 10 commandments which put forth their own explanation on the 4th commandment which defended sabbath keeping.

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Gretser, J. (1738). Opera omnia antehac ab ipsomet auctore accurate recognita, opusculis multis, notis, et paralipomenis pluribus, propriis locis in hac editione insertis aucta et illustrata nunc selecto ordine ad certos titul: Lutherus academicus, et Waldenses sumptibus Joannis Conradi Peez. (p.112)

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They put up a brave fight over the next six weeks, but by the time the Duke retired to Turin on 8 June, the war seemed decided: 2,000 Waldensians had been killed; another 2,000 had "accepted" the Catholic theology of the Council of Trent. Another 8,000 had been imprisoned, more than half of whom died

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Little children were torn from the arms of their mothers, clasped by their tiny feet, and their heads dashed against the rocks; or were held between two soldiers and their quivering limbs torn up by main force. Their mangled bodies were then thrown on the highways or fields, to be devoured by beasts.

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stated that "many used to think it came from Sabbath, and that they observed the Sabbath according to the custom of the Jews." Likewise in the twelfth century, Inquisitor Moneta of Cremona railed against the Waldenses for seventh day sabbath keeping after the manner of Jews. Johann Gottfried Hering

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language, gives a sample of the medieval Waldensian belief. Once it was believed that this poem dated between 1190 and 1240, but there is evidence that it was written in the first part of the fifteenth century. The poem exists in four manuscripts: two are housed at the University of Cambridge, one at

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reached the Waldensian Valleys, the Tavola Valdese decided to seek fellowship with the nascent Protestantism. At a meeting held in 1526 in Laus, a town in the Chisone valley, it was decided to send envoys to examine the new movement. In 1532, they met with German and Swiss Protestants and ultimately

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Protestant theology in Germany was interested in the doctrinal antiquity and apostolic continuity being expressed by the Waldensian faith. The high independence of the communities, lay preaching, voluntary poverty, and strict adherence to the Bible and its early translation through Peter Waldo have

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Over the centuries, Waldensian churches have been established in countries as far away from France as Uruguay and the United States where the active Waldensian congregations continue the purpose of the Waldensian movement. The contemporary and historic Waldensian spiritual heritage describes itself

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By mid-April, when it became clear that the Duke's efforts to force the Vaudois to conform to Catholicism had failed, he tried another approach. Under the guise of false reports of Vaudois uprisings, the Duke sent troops into the upper valleys to quell the local populace. He required that the local

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In 1179, Waldo and one of his disciples went to Rome, where Pope Alexander III and the Roman Curia welcomed them. They had to explain their faith before a panel of three clergymen, including issues that were then debated within the Church, such as the universal priesthood, the gospel in the vulgar

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In 1906, through the initiative of church forces in New York City, Waldensian interest groups were invited to coalesce into a new entity, The American Waldensian Aid Society (AWS), organized "to collect funds and apply the same to the aid of the Waldensian Church in Italy and elsewhere ... and to

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they had fled violence in the Uruguayan countryside, traveling first back to Europe then across the Northern Atlantic to New York and by train to southern Missouri. Waldensians living in the Cottian Alps region of Northern Italy continued to migrate to Monett until the early 1900s, augmenting the

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The French pursued, but only a few days later a sudden change of political alliance by the Duke, from France to the League of Augsburg, ended the French pursuit of the Waldensians. The Duke agreed to defend the Waldensians and called for all other Vaudois exiles to return home to help protect the

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was formed in 1686 under Orange, who promised support to Arnaud. In August 1689, in the midst of the wars between the League of Augsburg and France, Arnaud led 1,000 Swiss exiles, armed with modern weaponry provided by the Dutch, back to the Piedmont. Over a third of the force perished during the

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stated that "the Vaudois are, in fact, descended from those refugees from Italy, who, after St Paul had there preached the gospel abandoned their beautiful country, like the woman mentioned in the apocalypse and fled to those wild mountains where they have to this day, handed down the gospel from

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and actively contributed to reconciliation efforts with Italy (and France) based on relationships with the diaspora. The 1948 centenary festivities of the Savoy civil rights declaration were used for efforts of EKD leading staff to support German Italian reconciliation after World War II. A most

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The history of the Evangelical churches of the valleys of Piemont : containing a most exact geographical description of the place, and a faithfull account of the doctrine, life, and persecutions of the ancient inhabitants ; Together, with a most naked and punctual relation of the late

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The Waldensian community is active and has various associations maintaining the specific heritage and keep relationships with their counterparts in Italy and South America. That includes as well a close watch on the ecumene, with the Waldensian-influenced theologians being more doubtful about a

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commanded the Waldensians to attend Mass or remove to the upper valleys of their homeland, giving them twenty days in which to sell their lands. Being in the midst of winter, the order was intended to persuade the Vaudois to choose the former; however, the bulk of the populace instead chose the

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Compendieuses Kirchen- und Ketzer-Lexicon: In welchem Alle Ketzereyen und Secten, und deren Urheber und Stiffter, von derer Apostel Zeiten her, wie auch die meisten geistlichen Orden angezeiget und beschrieben, darnebst auch viele zur Kirchen-Historie dienende Termini und Sachen angeführet und

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The work of the American Waldensian Society continues in the United States today. The American Waldensian Society aims to foster dialogue and partnership among Waldensian Churches in Italy and South America and Christian churches within North America in order to promote a compelling vision of

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But about two or three hundred Vaudois fled to the hills and began carrying out a guerilla war over the next year against the Catholic settlers who arrived to take over the Vaudois lands. These "Invincibles" continued their assaults until the Duke finally relented and agreed to negotiate. The

2776:, the Waldensian had congregations throughout the peninsula, some originated by preaching, others by migration. However, poverty, societal discrimination, and demographic pressure led the Waldensians to emigrate, first as seasonal workers to the French Riviera and Switzerland, and later to 3998:. These Waldensians maintained their cultural heritage, while passing on their mixture of Mormon and Waldensian faiths to their descendants. Their descendants still consider themselves both Mormon and Waldensian, and have met occasionally over the many decades to celebrate both heritages. 6477:

George Herbert Orchard (1796–1861), an English Baptist pastor in Bedfordshire ... sought to trace Baptist churches from the time of John the Baptist through such groups as the Montanists, Novationists, Donatists, Paulicians, Patarines, Petrobrusians, Arnoldists, Albigenses, Waldenses,

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The American Waldensian Society assists churches, organizations and families in the promotion of Waldensian history and culture. The society allies with those who work to preserve their millennial heritage among their descendants. For example, since 1968, the Old Colony Players in

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Some authors try to date a Reformation-era Waldensian confession of faith back into the Middle Ages in 1120 to assert their claim of doctrinal antiquity. However, in the current historiography from the Waldensians themselves it is asserted that this confession was drafted in 1531.

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Histoire générale des Eglises evangeliques des vallees de Piemont; ou vaudoises. divisée en deux livres,...par Jean Leger, Pasteur & Moderateur des Eglises des Vallées, & depuis la violence de la Persecution, appelé à l'Eglise Wallonne de Leyde. Le tout enrichi de Tailles

2114:, who introduced Reformation theology to Waldensian leaders. They officially adopted Reformed theology at a conference at Cianforan 1532. As a result of the conference, the Waldensians officially modified some of their previous positions such as their rejection of secular courts. 5502:

Melchioris Haiminsfeldii Goldasti Rationale Constitutionum Imperialium, Autoschediasthen Sive Extemporale: In quo cum ipsis Constitutionibus argumenta dicuntur, tum Sacri Romani Imperii iura aduersus Caesaris Baronii Cardinalis Romani Annales elenchos praescribuntur (p.

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The first Waldensian congregations, it was maintained, were established by St. Paul who, on his journey to Spain, visited the valleys of Piedmont ... In the nineteenth century, however, it became evident to critics that the Waldensian documents had been tampered

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According to legend, Peter Waldo renounced his wealth as an encumbrance to preaching, which led other members of the Catholic clergy to follow his example. Because of this shunning of wealth, the movement was early known as The Poor of Lyon and The Poor of Lombardy.

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Some Protestants have considered the Waldensians to be the oldest Non-Catholic Christian community in Western and Central Europe, and the oldest Protestant denomination. Early Protestants felt a spiritual kinship to the Waldensians and wrote positively about them.

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arouse and maintain interest throughout the US in the work of said Church." Today, this organization continues as the American Waldensian Society. The American Waldensian Society recently marked its Centennial with a conference and celebrations in New York City.

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The earliest Waldensian sources show a strong belief in the presence of Christ in the Eucharist. They drew on Peter Lombards' "Sentences" to respond to the Cathars and explain how evil men could consume the Eucharist. Nothing here was heretical or deviated from

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This massacre became known as the Piedmont Easter. An estimate of some 1,700 Waldensians were slaughtered; the massacre was so brutal it aroused indignation throughout Europe. Protestant rulers in northern Europe offered sanctuary to the remaining Waldensians.

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and ultimately, to the United States. Those who remained in Italy have experienced upward social mobility. Waldensian companies dominated Turin's chocolate industry for the latter half of the nineteenth century and are generally credited with the invention of

2702:(1641–1721), who had been driven out of the Piedmont in the earlier purges, returned from Holland. On 18 April he made a stirring appeal before an assembly at Roccapiatta, winning over the majority in favor of armed resistance. When the truce expired on 20 2159:

The Waldensian movement was characterized from the beginning by lay preaching, voluntary poverty, and strict adherence to the Bible. Between 1175 and 1185, Waldo either commissioned a cleric from Lyon to translate the New Testament into the vernacular—the

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Waldensian Christian witness for North America. Thus, the American Waldensian Society makes public the contemporary and historic heritage to which Waldensian spirituality is committed: Tell the Story; Encourage "Crossings"; and Provide Financial Support.

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and its UNESCO world heritage site monastery and school. Maulbronn was the place of the festivities for the 250th anniversary of the Waldensian emigration to Germany, which played as well an important role in German Italian reconciliation after World

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authors have pointed to the Waldensians as an example of earlier Christians who were not a part of the Catholic Church, and who held beliefs they interpreted to be similar to their own. In the seventeenth to the nineteenth century, Dutch and German

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History of the Waldenses: With an Introductory Sketch of the History of the Christian Churches in the South of France and North of Italy, Till These Churches Submitted to the Pope, when the Waldenses Continued as Formerly Independent of the Papal

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The real founder of the sect was a wealthy merchant of Lyons who in the early documents is called Waldes (Waldo) ... On the feast of the Assumption, 1176, he disposed of the last of his earthly possessions and shortly after took the vow of

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The Waldensians taught certain doctrines also held by the Catholic Church, but came into conflict with the Catholic Church by denying some of its sacraments or the manner in which they were performed; The earliest Waldensians taught the

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fruitful cooperation was established at the community level, with Waldensian delegates from both sides pioneering. 1949, Guglielmo Del Pesco (1889–1951), moderator of the Tavola Valdese (Waldensian round table), was invited back to

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tongue, and the issue of voluntary poverty. The results of the meeting were inconclusive; in that same year, the Third Lateran Council condemned Waldo's ideas, but not the movement itself, while the leaders of the movement were not

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as proclaiming the Gospel, serving the marginalized, promoting social justice, fostering inter-religious work, and advocating respect for religious diversity and freedom of conscience. Today, the Waldensian Church is member of the

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Waldo and his followers developed a system whereby they would go from town to town and meet secretly with small groups of Waldensians. There they would confess sins and hold service. A traveling Waldensian preacher was known as a

1835:), South America, and North America. Organizations, such as the American Waldensian Society, maintain the history of the movement and declare their mission as "proclaiming the Christian Gospel, serving the marginalized, promoting 2637:, then ruler in England, began petitioning on behalf of the Waldensians, writing letters, raising contributions, calling a general fast in England and threatening to send military forces to the rescue. The massacre prompted 5750:

The Waldensians eschewed the Cathars, who were busy in the same regions at the same time. While the Cathars were heretics, the Waldensians generally were not. Their real act of defiance was quietly to deny the existence of

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The Waldensians proceeded to disobey the Third Lateran Council and continued to preach according to their own understanding of the Scriptures. In 1184, Waldo and his followers were excommunicated and forced from Lyon. The

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they used as footwear. However, he admitted that his reasoning on this etymology did not have the support of the literature of his day because these sources, he said, contained many errors. Other historians such as

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They also rejected a number of concepts that were widely held in Christian Europe of the era. For example, the Waldensians held that temporal offices and dignities were not meant for preachers of the Gospel; that

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Opera omnia, antehac ab ipsomet auctore accurate recognita, opusculis multis, notis, et paralipomenis pluribus, propriis locis in hac editione insertis, aucta et illustrata, nunc selecto ordine ad certos titulos

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century, with an extermination of the Waldensians attempted by the Duke of Savoy in 1655. This led to the exodus and dispersion of the Waldensians to other parts of Europe and even to the Western Hemisphere.

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October 1532. Farel invited them to join the Reformation and to emerge from secrecy. A Confession of Faith, with Reformed doctrines, was formulated and the Waldensians decided to worship openly in French.

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The Duke's forces did not simply slaughter the inhabitants. They are reported to have unleashed an unprovoked campaign of looting, rape, torture, and murder. According to one report by a Peter Liegé:

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Venerabilis patris Monetae Cremonensis ordinis praedicatorum S.P. dominico aequalis Adversus Catharos et Valdenses libri quinque : quos ex manuscriptis codd. Vaticano, Bononiensi, ac Neapolitano

2843:, in the name of the Catholic Church, asked Waldensian Christians for forgiveness for their persecution. The Pope apologized for the Church's "un-Christian and even inhumane positions and actions". 2729:, were sent to England and other lands to canvas for support. Orange and the allies were glad of any excuse to antagonise France, whose territorial encroachments on all fronts were intolerable. The 2033:. However they denied the right of sinful priests to give the Eucharist. Early forms of the Waldensian Mass sought to recover the early Christian liturgy and contained a sevenfold repetition of the 1998:

was no more efficacious than rain water; and that prayer was just as effectual if offered in a church or a barn. They were accused, moreover, of speaking blasphemously of the Catholic Church as the

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Some historical writers suggest Waldensian beliefs came from missionaries from the early church and that their history may have its origins in the apostolic age, though this idea itself stems from

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Most modern knowledge of the medieval history of the Waldensians originates almost exclusively from the records and writings of the Roman Catholic Church, the same body that was condemning them as

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The Voice of the Church on the Coming and Kingdom of the Redeemer; Or, a History of the Doctrine of the Reign of Christ on Earth. Revised and Edited with a Preface by H. L. Hastings. Third Edition

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January 1687, required that the Vaudois leave immediately or convert to Catholicism. This edict led to some 2,800 Vaudois leaving the Piedmont for Geneva, of whom only 2,490 survived the journey.

3513:(1859), Antoine Monastier quotes Bernard, abbot of Foncald, who wrote at the end of the twelfth century that the Waldensians arose during the papacy of Lucius. Monastier takes Bernard to mean 3558:, an idea that was very popular among some nineteenth-century church historians but has been largely rejected by modern scholars in the field. The Roman Inquisitor Reinerus Sacho, writing c. 2399:, eventually interfered to save his territories from further turmoil and promised the Vaudois peace, but not before the offensive had devastated the area and many of the Vaudois had fled to 1743:

also preached, but because they were not willing to recognize the prerogatives of local bishops over the content of their preaching, nor to recognize standards about who was fit to preach.

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130-mile trek. They successfully re-established their presence in the Piedmont and drove out the Catholic settlers, but they continued to be besieged by French and Piedmontese troops.

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actively contributed to reconciliation efforts with Italy and France based on its relationship with the Waldensian community. The GAW has ongoing links with the Waldensians in Italy.

3506:(Roman Emperor from 306 to 337) – the account tells – the Waldenses held true to their apostolic faith of poverty and piety. These claims were discounted in the nineteenth century. 11238: 9298: 3990:

In 1853 a group of approximately 70 Waldensians, including men, women, and children, left their homes in the Piedmont Valleys and migrated to Pleasant Green, Hunter, and Ogden,

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The Waldensian church was able to gain converts by building schools in some of the poorer regions of Italy, including Sicily. There is still a Waldensian church in the town of

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Galambosi, Péter (2018). "A budai eretnekmozgalom (1304–1307)" [The Heretical Movement in Buda (1304–1307)]. In Kádas, István; Skorka, Renáta; Weisz, Boglárka (eds.).

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are of Waldensian background. The church has also attracted intellectuals as new adherents and supporters and enjoys significant financial support from non-adherent Italians.

2103:. The Waldensians saw themselves as a "church within the Church", likely not going further, although they were accused of seeing the Catholic church as the Babylonian harlot. 2045:

and practiced Friday abstinence. Both Waldensian and Catholic sources, however, imply that the Waldensians rejected infant baptism, at least to some extent. This is seen from

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populace quarter the troops in their homes, which the local populace complied with. But the quartering order was a ruse to allow the troops easy access to the populace. On 24

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The best known Waldensian Churches in America were in New York, Monett, Missouri and in Valdese, North Carolina. The church in New York City was disbanded by the mid-1990s.

4100:. The new settlers were free in their religious services, and kept holding them in French till the nineteenth century. The Waldensian community is often overlooked, as the 2673:, which had guaranteed freedom of religion to his Protestant subjects in France. French troops sent into the French Waldensian areas of the Chisone and Susa Valleys in the 1766:, but they mostly did not raise the doctrinal objections characteristic of sixteenth-century Protestant leaders. They came to align themselves with Protestantism: with the 3865:

The first Waldensian settlers from Italy arrived in South America in 1856. From that date there have been several migrations, especially to Argentina, such as the town of

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The Romaunt Version of the Gospel According to St. John... with an Introductory History of the Version of the New Testament, Anciently in Use Among the Old Waldenses...

2714:"Invincibles" won the right for the imprisoned Vaudois to be released from prison and to be provided safe passage to Geneva. But the Duke, granting that permission on 3 4163:. Still today, French family names (Gille, Roux, Granget, Conle, Gillardon, Common, Jourdan, Piston, Richardon, Servay, Conte, Baral, Gay, Orcellet or Salen) show the 3662:

been credited to prove an ancient origin of Protestantism as the true interpretation of the faith. Mere anti-Catholic sentiments and controversies, for example in the

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published in 1848, in which he described the history of the New Testament in use by the Waldensians. The Waldensian College began training ministers in 1855, first in

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in 1535, was based in part on a New Testament in the Waldensian vernacular. The churches in Waldensia collected 1500 gold crowns to cover the cost of its publication.

2380: 9943: 9092: 2538:. Prisoners were released and fugitives permitted to return home, but despite this treaty, the Vaudois, with the other French Protestants, still suffered during the 945: 2483:

Outside the Piedmont, the Waldenses joined the local Protestant churches in Bohemia, France, and Germany. After they came out of seclusion and reports were made of

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1230, held the sect of the Vaudois to be of great antiquity, thus preceding Waldo by centuries. According to some early baptist sources there are also accounts of

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Moneta, of Cremona; Ricchini, Tommaso Agostino; Sintes, Giovanni Battista; Fratta, Domenico Maria; Pomarede, Silvio; Palearini, Nicolò; Palearini, Marco (1743).

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faced with imminent extermination, hiding many of them in the same mountain valley where their own Waldensian ancestors had found refuge in earlier generations.

3931:. Many Waldensians, having escaped persecution in their homelands by making their way to the tolerant Dutch Republic, crossed the Atlantic to start anew in the 10156: 7975: 4321:

The Theologies of the Eucharist in the Early Scholastic Period: A Study of the Salvific Function of the Sacrament According to the Theologians, C. 1080-c. 1220

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As early as 1631, Protestant scholars began to regard the Waldensians as early forerunners of the Reformation, in a manner similar to the way the followers of

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Waldensian Researches During a Second Visit to the Vaudois of Piemont: With an Introductory Inquiry Into the Antiquity and Purity of the Waldensian Church ...

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little is known with certainty about the reputed founder, Valdes (also called Peter Waldo, or Valdo). As a layman, Valdes preached (1170–1176) in Lyon, France

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Homer, Michael W. (May 2006). "Seeking Primitive Christianity in the Waldensian Valleys: Protestants, Mormons, Adventists and Jehovah's Witnesses in Italy".

3829:) introduced 1985 in Italy greatly helped the Waldensian community. The eight per thousand law allows taxpayers to choose to whom they devolve a compulsory 8 7423: 2147:

in the thirteenth century also spoke about the dangers of the Waldenses for among other reasons its antiquity "some say that it has lasted from the time of

5974: 3696:) as proof of an early origin of the Waldensians. The strong German Protestant support for the Waldensian diaspora community in Italy—leading staff of the 2411: 1767: 3942:

In the late nineteenth century many Italians, among them Waldensians, emigrated to the United States. They founded communities in New York City; Boston;

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Medioevo Valdese 1173–1315. Povertà, Eucarestia e Predicazione: Tra identità minoritaria e rappresentazione cifrata del rapporto tra l'uomo e l'Assoluto

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On 9 April, the Duke of Savoy issued a new edict, enjoining the Waldensians to put down their arms within eight days and go into exile between 21 and 23

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From Uruguay or directly from Italy, some Waldensian families also found a home in Brazil. There, they ended up joining the local Protestant churches.

638: 8562: 7968: 4468: 3838: 2435: 1812:—a majority Waldensian church, with a minority of Methodists. Another large congregation is the Evangelical Waldensian Church of Río de la Plata in 4442: 3814:. It has 50,000 members (45,000 Waldensians, of whom 30,000 in Italy and some 15,000 divided between Argentina and Uruguay, and 5,000 Methodists). 3970:

was among the first to be established in the United States, in 1875, by some 40 settlers who had formed the original South American settlement in

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Rückblicke auf die Geschichte der Reformation, oder, Luther in Leben und That: zur Erinnerung an die dreihundertjährige Augsburgische Confessions

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Spicilegium sive collectio veterum aliquot scriptorum qui in Galliae bibliothecis delituerant. Olim editum opera ac studio d. Lucae d'Achery, .

4834: 4257: 4116: 2909:. Petr Chelčický was influenced by the Waldensians very early in his life, as there existed Waldensian congregations in the area of his birth. 614: 10724: 8867: 7819:

The Israel of the Alps : a complete history of the Waldenses and their colonies : prepared in great part from unpublished documents

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Although they rose to prominence in the twelfth century, some evidence suggests that the Waldenses may have existed even before the time of

9575: 7232: 4282: 1290: 3877:(which forms a united church with the Waldensian Evangelical Church) has approximately 40 congregations and 15,000 members shared between 3639:, as the inquisitors often charged heretics in general. Though other Waldenses sources do suggest there were groups who kept the sabbath. 1991: 11223: 10039: 6205: 6178: 2882: 1087: 5654:

returning to the region of the Alps, he found a body of Christians like-minded with himself; with these he gladly united, and laboured.

5264:

Lucae Tudensis Episcopi scriptores aliquot succedanei contra sectam Waldensium: nunc primum in lucem editi cum prolegomenis et notis ...

3601:(1844), linked Anabaptist origins to the Waldensians. Baptist authors like John L. Waller also linked their origins to the Waldensians. 11144: 9612: 8716: 4073:(1641–1721), pastor and leader of the Piedmont Waldensians, rescued his co-religionists from their dispersion under the persecution of 3811: 1809: 1782: 6121: 5245: 2820:

and, in 1922, to Rome. Economic and social integration have eased acceptance of ethnic Waldensians into Italian society. Writers like

1063: 11161: 8918: 3756:, at the southwest of the island. German Protestants have been supportive of the Waldensians in Italy since the seventeenth century. 6148: 4085:

invited the Waldensians to his territory. When the Waldensians were exiled a second time, Arnaud accompanied them in their exile to

11228: 10084: 10034: 9341: 8954: 7175: 5540:. Getty Research Institute. Romae : Ex typographia Palladis : Excudebant Nicolaus, et Marcus Palearini. pp. 475–476. 2026: 604: 11258: 9346: 7995: 5919:

Cross and crown: or, The sufferings and triumphs of the heroic men and women who were persecuted for the religion of Jesus Christ

5118:"Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049–1294 – Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 5017:"Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049–1294 – Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 4683:"Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049–1294 – Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 4092:

Those who remained in Germany were soon assimilated by the State Churches (Lutheran and Reformed) and they are a part of various

4037:, but, unlike the South American Waldensian communities, today they are independent institutions from the European organization. 3721: 3462: 2726: 903: 7807:

The History of the Waldenses: Connected with a Sketch of the Christian Church from the Birth of Christ to the Eighteenth Century

7511: 4947: 4033:

The Waldensian Presbyterian churches in the United States and the American Waldensian Society have links with the Italian-based

2002:. They rejected what they perceived as the idolatry of the Catholic Church and considered the papacy as the Antichrist of Rome. 11203: 10191: 10059: 9303: 9211: 8942: 8862: 8810: 8608: 6908: 1192: 4082: 3475: 2293:

were first representatives of the sect, but in modern times claims of the Waldenses to high antiquity are no longer accepted.

1285: 10239: 8820: 8555: 7785: 7730: 7716: 7096: 7076: 6310: 6276: 6242: 6215: 6188: 6158: 6049: 5900: 5799: 5774: 5705: 5640: 5366: 5203: 4930: 4898: 4586: 4328: 3807: 1805: 1606: 1234: 995: 599: 3532:

meant "valley dwellers" or those who "dwell in a vale of sorrow and tears", and was in use before the times of Peter Waldo.

3157: 1150: 9597: 8457: 2874: 2387:, responded to the bull by organizing a crusade to fulfill its order and launched a military offensive in the provinces of 1096: 2324: 11213: 9792: 8222: 3983:, in 1893. The first Waldenses settled in North Carolina in 1893. Both the Monett and Valdese congregations use the name 3502:

who visited Spain and then allegedly traveled on to Piedmont. As the Catholic Church indulged in excesses in the time of

1513: 1183: 754: 7332: 3642:

Scholar Michael W. Homer links the belief in an ancient origin of the Waldensians to three seventeenth-century pastors,

3509:

There were also other claims that the Waldensians predated Peter Waldo's activities in the late twelfth century. In his

2857:

The present Waldensian Church considers itself to be a Protestant church of the Reformed tradition originally framed by

1105: 1010: 11263: 11138: 9390: 9293: 5477: 2588: 1082: 589: 560: 7205: 2866: 1024: 11218: 10986: 10717: 10510: 10029: 7848: 7825: 7798: 7777: 7757: 7744: 7428: 6463: 5958: 5736: 5198:. Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World. Greenwood Press. p. 2031. 5075: 3632: 3007: 1570: 986: 7632: 7391: 7159: 11253: 10862: 9807: 9706: 9165: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8548: 8477: 7408: 6799: 6090:

Bächstädt-Malan Camusso, Christian (2002), "Per Una Storia dell'Industria Dolciaria Torinese: il Caso Caffarel", p.

3492: 2642: 830: 749: 11083: 6818:(1873). "Chapter 25: Sabbath Keepers During The Reformation Times From The Fifteenth To The Seventeenth Century". 5093:"History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049–1294 – Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 4865:"History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049–1294 – Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 11233: 10469: 9892: 9622: 9361: 9318: 9201: 9191: 9001: 8964: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8603: 8434: 7457: 6819: 3297: 2534:

The treaty of 5 June 1561 granted amnesty to the Protestants of the Valleys, including liberty of conscience and

1416: 146: 6853:(1587), explicitly stated that "Thus began the appellation of Poors of Lyon, also called Waldensians, Lyonists, 11243: 10535: 10206: 10174: 10001: 9920: 9351: 9121: 9037: 8928: 7960: 6878: 4723:

Princeton Theological Seminary Library. London : Printed by Henry Hills for Adoniram Byfield. p. 143.

4720:

bloudy massacre, 1655 ; And a narrative of all the following transactions, to the year of Our Lord, 1658 .

4245: 3984: 3908: 3783: 3312: 1398: 1239: 5978: 4108:

is a Museum today. A memorial plate refers to the introduction of potatoes in Württemberg by the Waldensians.

3650:

and the Waldensian pastors Pierre Gilles and Jean Léger, who posited that the Waldensians were descendants of

1073: 1068: 797: 633: 11248: 10452: 10196: 10186: 9950: 9607: 9405: 9375: 9216: 9067: 9020: 8758: 7991: 4277: 4097: 4074: 4034: 3923:

Since colonial times there have been Waldensians who sailed to America, as marked by the presence of them in

3775: 3746: 3705: 3112: 2681: 2200:

and help make arrangements to move on to the next town in secret. Waldo possibly died in the early thirteenth

1793: 1565: 1044: 825: 731: 609: 6636:, Volume 1, p. 223: Sources of Medieval History, New York, Alfred Knopf, quoted from S. R. Maitland (1832), 6482:, Lollards, and Anabaptists. Thereby Baptist church successionism was added to the body of Landmark beliefs. 6302:

The Rise of the Global South: The Decline of Western Christendom and the Rise of Majority World Christianity

1005: 11095: 10710: 9385: 4026: 3734: 3725:

The Waldensian Church in Milan, built in 1949, incorporates materials from the demolished gothic church of

3617: 3213: 2582: 2508: 2136: 1786: 736: 540: 405: 10961: 7479: 6989:

Vinay, Valdo (December 1972), "Mémoires de George Morel : l'importanza del codice valdese c-5-18 (Ms.

4475: 4378: 1000: 293: 10530: 9749: 9395: 9380: 9366: 9273: 9263: 8753: 8299: 8071: 7364: 5819:. Histoire générale des Eglises Evangeliques des Vallées du Piemont ou Vaudoises. Vol. 2. p. 8. 3455: 3307: 3191: 2407: 1801: 1132: 936: 726: 10675: 6698: 4756:

La Nobla Leyczon considérée au point de vue de la doctrine, de la morale et de l'histoire" (in French),

4604:

Pita, Gonzalo (2014). "Waldensian and Catholic Theologies of History in the XII–XIV Centuries: Part I".

4446: 2504: 1851: 10515: 10409: 9400: 9268: 9072: 7892: 3738: 3340: 2982: 2766: 2516: 1119: 1058: 866: 811: 629: 565: 2765:, the Waldenses of Piedmont were assured liberty of conscience and, in 1848, the ruler of Savoy, King 10397: 10232: 10179: 9662: 9126: 9016: 7399: 4006: 3916: 3689: 3647: 3282: 2886: 2531:

ranged from hundreds to thousands, depending on the estimates, and several villages were devastated.

1599: 1220: 922: 844: 400: 113: 2447: 1039: 10976: 10392: 10297: 10201: 10169: 10064: 9744: 9557: 9050: 8986: 8168: 7492: 7437: 3415: 3395: 3375: 3032: 2992: 2955: 2396: 2278: 265: 9585: 6368:

A History of the Vaudois Church from Its Origin: And of the Vaudois of Piedmont to the Present Day

5831: 3733:

In 1848, after many centuries of harsh persecution, the Waldensians acquired legal freedom in the

2772:

Enjoying religious freedom, the Waldensians began migrating outside their valleys. By the time of

1939:

Waldensians held and preached a number of doctrines as they read from the Bible. These included:

1423: 788: 573: 10430: 10338: 9472: 9412: 9288: 9170: 8969: 8571: 7155: 5552: 4160: 4021: 3980: 3912: 3800: 3697: 3588: 3056: 2997: 2878: 2737:

By 2 May 1689, with only 300 Waldensian troops remaining, and cornered on a high peak called the

2539: 1947: 1860: 1364: 931: 871: 856: 569: 410: 315: 2528: 2476: 2467: 11198: 10485: 10447: 10262: 10132: 10019: 9637: 9258: 9179: 9155: 8587: 8529: 8472: 6433:

Pope Lucius III consequently included them among the heretics against whom he issued a Bull of

5500: 5193: 3448: 3420: 2928: 2722: 2423: 2345: 1772: 1528: 1114: 1029: 1019: 976: 658: 7162: 6501: 6300: 6232: 5948: 5890: 5764: 4741: 3525: 2499:

January 1545 issued the "Arrêt de Mérindol", and assembled an army against the Waldensians of

10577: 10567: 10404: 10127: 10069: 9960: 9955: 9833: 9827: 9627: 9175: 9140: 9045: 8959: 8741: 8504: 7496: 6449: 6401: 6375:] (translated from the French ed.). London: Religious Tract Society (published 1848) 6373:

Histoire de l'Église vaudoise, depuis son origine et des vaudois du Piémont jusqu'à nos jours

6268:

Certain Sainthood: Canonization and the Origins of Papal Infallibility in the Medieval Church

6266: 4578: 4251: 4070: 3726: 3555: 3536: 3503: 3012: 2809: 2699: 2152: 1434: 1380: 701: 676: 653: 624: 619: 480: 7293: 7013:

Algemeine Geschichte der Waldenser oder der evangelischen Kirchen in den Thälern von Piemont

6566:

Geschiedkundig onderzoek naar den Waldenzischen oorsprong van de Nederlandsche Doopsgezinden

5923: 5279: 4167:

background. Stuttgart hosts as well an Italian Waldensian community with about 100 members.

4148: 2753: 1509: 11128: 11019: 10766: 10382: 10377: 10225: 10117: 10074: 10024: 9812: 9764: 9759: 9734: 9570: 9524: 9427: 9417: 9253: 9246: 9097: 9011: 8783: 8773: 8736: 8452: 6993:

259) del Trinity College di Dublino per la storia dell'adesione dei Valdesi alla Riforma",

6458:. Baptist Series (reprint ed.). Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press. p. 216. 4287: 3385: 3350: 3335: 3330: 3292: 3107: 3044: 2902: 2901:

who came out in support of believer's baptism. The Waldensians also influenced some in the

2794: 2556:

Although the Waldensian church was granted some rights and freedoms under French King Henry

2410:, whom Innocent VIII in 1491 appointed Apostolic Nuncio and Commissary conjointly with the 2357: 1986:

were no different from any other bones and should not be regarded as special or holy; that

1974: 1914: 1747:

offered the Waldensians the chance to return to the Church, and many did, taking the name "

1725: 1697: 1592: 1486: 1450: 1318: 917: 908: 861: 851: 648: 594: 584: 423: 353: 348: 236: 11090: 10435: 6767: 8: 10997: 10966: 10733: 10693: 10500: 10495: 10333: 10277: 10267: 10141: 10122: 9862: 9857: 9784: 9502: 9477: 9356: 9336: 9283: 9184: 9082: 8979: 8947: 8891: 8364: 8344: 8133: 8004: 7906: 6724: 4267: 4219: 3975: 3955: 3834: 3636: 3438: 3390: 3345: 3085: 3066: 3061: 3039: 2906: 2773: 2695:

April. If able, they were free to sell their land and possessions to the highest bidder.

2666: 2535: 2488: 1518: 1350: 1313: 579: 320: 218: 184: 53: 7805: 7183: 6931: 6578: 5671:

The Wesleyan Juvenile Offering: A Miscellany of Missionary Information for Young Persons

5666: 5117: 5092: 5016: 4864: 4682: 2808:

were preserved in Paris and Dublin. The manuscripts were used as the basis of a work by

2745:

Piedmont borders against the French, in what came to be known as the "Glorious Return".

2660: 2151:, others, from the time of the Apostles." In the seventeenth century, Waldensian Pastor 1257: 1049: 11100: 10877: 10645: 10464: 10089: 9839: 9769: 9686: 9674: 9651: 9447: 9221: 9062: 9006: 8996: 8798: 8582: 7874: 7837: 7591: 7516: 7449: 6995:

Bollettino della Società di Studi Valdesi – Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Vaudoise,

6894: 6890: 6775: 6720: 5944: 5408: 3889: 3818: 3651: 3602: 3544: 3186: 3117: 3079: 3002: 2987: 2972: 2730: 2677:

forced 8,000 Vaudois to convert to Catholicism and another 3,000 to leave for Germany.

2578: 2364:

Buda, the capital of Hungary from 1304 to 1307. The Waldensians in turn excommunicated

2266:

stated that the name insabbatati was because of Sabbath keeping in the manner of Jews.

2140: 1756: 1386: 1327: 1225: 1034: 981: 806: 711: 706: 696: 510: 475: 435: 368: 358: 300: 168: 63: 9160: 7851: 6518:

A General History of the Baptist Denomination in America: And Other Parts of the World

3874: 3803:

is supportive of Waldesian projects and charitable efforts in Italy till the present.

2472: 1891:

Earlier documents that provide information about early Waldensian history include the

490: 11133: 11078: 10971: 10872: 10852: 10846: 10776: 10761: 10650: 10490: 10343: 10014: 9933: 9928: 9882: 9822: 9691: 9487: 8872: 8793: 8731: 8377: 8304: 8039: 7844: 7821: 7794: 7781: 7773: 7753: 7740: 7726: 7712: 7564: 7521: 7453: 7092: 7072: 6495: 6459: 6395: 6306: 6272: 6238: 6211: 6184: 6154: 6045: 5954: 5896: 5795: 5770: 5732: 5701: 5636: 5400: 5362: 5294:

Harris, M. Roy (1984). "Old Waldensian: Some linguistic and editorial observations".

5199: 5071: 4926: 4894: 4735: 4582: 4445:. Chiesa Evangelica Valdese – Unione delle chiese Metodiste e Valdesi. Archived from 4324: 4136: 4132: 3943: 3753: 3742: 3287: 3272: 3164: 2785: 2762: 2341: 2290: 2286: 2274: 2204:

century, possibly in Germany; he was never captured, and his fate remains uncertain.

2038: 1967: 1763: 1744: 1721: 1197: 460: 270: 251: 246: 227: 117: 89:

Italy, Switzerland, France, Germany, Argentina, United States, Uruguay, and elsewhere

9877: 7445: 6611: 5917: 5535: 4717: 4618: 2652: 2106:

The Waldensians would, later in their history, adopt a number of doctrines from the

1977:

of believers, as according to de Bourbon they claimed that all good men are priests.

505: 11068: 10572: 10292: 10287: 9774: 9714: 9102: 9087: 8788: 8768: 8763: 8746: 8726: 8509: 8232: 7441: 7233:"Coppie gay, storica apertura della Chiesa valdese. Ma si aspetta ancora una legge" 6882: 6582: 5722: 5390: 4663: 4236: 4227: 4030:, an outdoor drama telling the story of the Waldenses and the founding of Valdese. 3951: 3947: 3854: 3822: 3764: 3643: 3548: 3499: 3092: 2977: 2912:

However, on the other hand, some Hussites rejected Waldensian doctrines, including

2898: 2858: 2825: 2801: 2777: 2414:, was involved in reaching a peaceful agreement between Catholics and Waldensians. 2376: 2365: 2263: 2148: 2144: 2056: 2034: 2017: 2007: 1999: 1630: 1541: 1440: 1206: 881: 779: 530: 440: 363: 7392:"'Like the Rose in the Wilderness': The Mormon Mission in the Kingdom of Sardinia" 6007: 6004: 3866: 3799:, again based on a special connection of the Württemberg Landeskirche. The German 3680: 3574:, along with the Waldenses of the Alps, who kept Saturday as the Lord's day. Some 2781: 2143:

lamented that the Waldenses were a "pest of long existence". While the Inquisitor

1137: 11039: 10981: 10630: 10625: 10365: 10355: 10282: 10147: 10049: 9987: 9729: 9680: 9226: 8881: 8210: 8200: 7954: 7025: 7011: 6917: 6761: 6595: 6564: 6533: 6516: 6453: 6434: 6366: 6234:

Religion on the Move!: New Dynamics of Religious Expansion in a Globalizing World

6105: 5873: 5726: 5630: 5587: 5518: 5456: 5444: 5262: 5227: 4780: 4641: 4572: 4297: 3903: 3628: 3518: 3410: 3365: 3257: 3142: 3137: 2670: 2634: 2612: 2561: 2337: 2333: 2177: 2169: 1843:

work, and advocating respect for religious diversity and freedom of conscience."

1840: 1732: 1560: 1546: 1468: 1457: 1341: 774: 721: 716: 686: 470: 455: 382: 260: 134: 7990: 7415: 2800:

Waldensian scholarship also flourished in the nineteenth century. Copies of the

2721:

Arnaud and others now sought help of the allied European powers. He appealed to

11118: 11003: 10955: 10915: 10839: 10670: 10545: 10505: 10441: 10414: 10387: 10313: 10151: 10137: 10112: 10107: 9898: 9872: 9802: 9617: 9519: 9514: 9497: 9437: 9331: 9278: 9107: 9027: 8876: 8467: 8444: 8274: 8237: 8121: 8101: 8066: 8059: 7942: 7488: 6744: 6740: 4272: 4078: 3932: 3873:

Pampa, where they arrived around 1901. As of 2016 the Waldensian Church of the

3849: 3624: 3620: 3593: 3567: 3514: 3370: 3267: 3201: 2805: 2646: 2308: 2185: 2156:

father to son in the same purity and simplicity as it was preached by St Paul.

2030: 1836: 1832: 1748: 1304: 1299: 1248: 876: 691: 535: 525: 520: 500: 372: 343: 338: 275: 7471: 7108: 6094:

63, Doctoral thesis (Economics and Business), Universitá degli Studi di Torino

6019: 5604: 4500: 4140: 4111: 3796: 2164:(Franco-Provençal) language—or was himself involved in this translation work. 11192: 11123: 10991: 10921: 10867: 10620: 10597: 10520: 10054: 9991: 9980: 9867: 9754: 9657: 9645: 9509: 9482: 9422: 8901: 8721: 8407: 8372: 8217: 8180: 8175: 8158: 8138: 8032: 7918: 7814: 7340: 6815: 6795: 6676: 6416: 6334: 5847: 5404: 5315: 5142: 5041: 4991: 4966: 4949:

History of the Christian Church: From the Birth of Christ to the 18th Century

4392: 4348: 4175: 4144: 3936: 3779: 3606: 3405: 3400: 3355: 3196: 3073: 2936: 2913: 2821: 2813: 2546: 2431: 2372: 2332:

The Catholic Church viewed the Waldensians as unorthodox, and in 1184 at the

2254: 2111: 1582: 1211: 1145: 485: 465: 430: 305: 200: 173: 20: 7258: 6972:"La 'Confesion de fé' de los Valdenses llamada del ano 1120" (August 1935), 6955:"La 'Confesion de fé' de los Valdenses llamada del ano 1120" (August 1935). 6886: 6180:

Finding the Middle Way: The Utraquists' Liberal Challenge to Rome and Luther

4522: 2095:; however they differed radically from them: the Waldensians never accepted 162: 11073: 10797: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10640: 10360: 10323: 10079: 10009: 9887: 9696: 9667: 9534: 9231: 8974: 8933: 8497: 8382: 8284: 8227: 8190: 8153: 8096: 8017: 7930: 7424:"Il Libro di Mormon: Anticipating Growth beyond Italy's Waldensian Valleys" 6869: 5395: 5382: 5378: 4179: 4143:. The founded new communities in Rohrbach, Wembach und Hahn (today part of 4093: 4050: 3995: 3959: 3302: 2840: 2520: 1705: 1354: 1271: 1266: 1160: 950: 515: 450: 310: 255: 8540: 5792:

Veretek, utak, katonák. Gazdaságtörténeti tanulmányok a magyar középkorról

4005:

By the 1920s most of the Waldensian churches and missions merged into the

3749:, as it became known, developed and spread through the Italian peninsula. 2607: 2455: 2099:

views, they did not reject the sacraments in total and did not believe in

10909: 10857: 10587: 10562: 10539: 10372: 9719: 9580: 9551: 9492: 9467: 9326: 9241: 9135: 9116: 8825: 8487: 8427: 8417: 8397: 8387: 8256: 8205: 8195: 8091: 8027: 8012: 7883: 7855: 7659: 7636: 6597:

The Western Baptist Review "Were the Waldenses Baptists or Pedo-Baptists?

5794:(in Hungarian). MTA Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont. pp. 223–245. 4292: 4240: 4208: 4152: 3963: 3792: 3665: 3610: 3540: 3488: 3380: 3220: 3181: 3127: 3102: 3097: 3051: 2862: 2829: 2638: 2451: 2361: 2297: 2258: 2188:

power. Rome also accused the Waldensians of teaching innumerable errors.

2132: 1856: 1740: 1717: 1337: 1155: 681: 445: 191: 154: 97: 78: 74: 7542: 7069:

Italienische Waldenser und das protestantische Deutschland 1655 bis 1989

6857:, because they did not observe either the Sabbath nor any feasts." p. 84 4835:"The Eucharist and the Negotiation of Orthodoxy in the High Middle Ages" 4105: 4086: 3853:

Festivities celebrating the 150th anniversary of Italian immigration to

3528:, writing in 1210 (although Monastier says 1160), claimed that the name 2674: 2388: 10893: 10635: 10615: 10328: 10318: 10248: 10099: 9849: 9797: 9602: 9432: 9077: 8906: 8850: 8845: 8412: 8324: 8319: 8294: 8289: 8269: 8264: 8163: 8148: 8143: 8128: 8116: 8086: 7792:

History of the Waldenses of Italy, from their origin to the Reformation

7739:, Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 5412: 5359:

History of the Waldenses of Italy, from their origin to the Reformation

4213: 4171: 3924: 3623:

taught that the Waldenses were preservers of biblical truth during the

3575: 3563: 3252: 3235: 3230: 3017: 2353: 2313: 2270: 2215: 2096: 2091:

The Waldensians were associated by councils and papal decrees with the

1995: 1987: 1752: 1720:, a wealthy merchant who gave away his property around 1173, preaching 231: 10702: 8492: 5575:(in Latin). France?: Dominique Vigneaux d’’Angrogne. pp. f.209 r. 4045: 4009:

due to the cultural assimilation of the second and third generations.

2710:

of deliberately imposed starvation, or of sickness within six months.

2684:, followed his uncle in removing the protection of Protestants in the 11034: 11029: 10771: 10094: 10044: 9970: 9965: 9739: 9724: 9452: 9442: 9145: 9131: 8855: 8482: 8462: 8422: 8402: 8392: 8349: 8339: 8334: 8309: 8279: 8185: 8106: 8076: 8044: 7131:

Christianity Outside the Box: Learning from Those Who Rocked the Boat

7089:

Der Armutsbegriff der Waldenser: eine sozialphilosophische Annäherung

6237:. International Studies in Religion and Society. Brill. p. 208. 4706:

Inquisitor Reyenerious, A. D. 1250, and extracted by Allix (Chap. 22)

4658: 4248:, Anglican protector who worked with the Waldensians in South America 4231: 4187: 4183: 4156: 4124: 4101: 4062: 3882: 3788: 3584: 3360: 3277: 3208: 2852: 2789: 2738: 2107: 2100: 2092: 1960: 1918: 1813: 1778: 1736: 1253: 643: 495: 241: 1762:

In some aspects the Waldensians of the Middle Ages could be seen as

11047: 11024: 10903: 10833: 10755: 10592: 10525: 9938: 9817: 9457: 9236: 9150: 8896: 8886: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8524: 8329: 8314: 8081: 8054: 8049: 8022: 7949: 6836:

The Waldensian dissent: persecution and survival, c. 1170 – c. 1570

4262: 4104:

were larger in number. Henri Arnaud's home in Schönenberg close to

3928: 3579: 3247: 3169: 3122: 2817: 2685: 2512: 2500: 2484: 2400: 2392: 1828: 1827:

Congregations continue to be active in Europe (particularly in the

1817: 222: 213: 204: 35: 7371:. N.C. Department of Natural & Cultural Resources. 29 May 2016 7010:

Jean Léger, Siegmund Jacob Baumgartens, Johann Jacob Korn (1750),

5698:

The Waldensian Dissent: Persecution and Survival c. 1170 – c. 1570

5068:

Preachers by Night – The Waldensian Barbes (15th – 16th Centuries)

4069:

Several thousand Waldenses fled from Italy and France to Germany.

2846: 2214:(those with sandals) received sacred orders and were to prove the 10949: 10792: 10688: 10582: 10458: 9975: 9905: 9565: 9529: 8111: 7901: 7680: 7383: 4469:"Per un patto tra la Chiesa Assemblee di Dio e la Chiesa valdese" 4443:"Patto di integrazione globale tra le chiese metodiste e valdesi" 4223: 4057: 3971: 3878: 3858: 3433: 3262: 3242: 3132: 2550: 2384: 2267: 2251: 2161: 2050: 1867: 1821: 1693: 1524: 1405: 377: 280: 209: 6122:"Francis asks forgiveness for Waldensian persecutions, killings" 6042:

The Waldensian Story: A Study in Faith, Intolerance and Survival

4814:

La noble leçon, texte original d'après le manuscrit de Cambridge

4797:

La noble leçon, texte original d'après le manuscrit de Cambridge

3674:

contains a ballade about the fate of the Waldensians and quotes

2748: 8991: 8911: 8778: 7737:

The Waldensian Dissent: Persecution and Survival, c.1170–c.1570

6860: 5731:. Camberwell, Victoria: Penguin (published 2011). p. 430. 4891:

Preachers by Night: The Waldensian Barbes (15th-16th Centuries)

4239:(later re-converted to Catholicism), early Spanish follower of 4128: 2725:

directly from Geneva, while others, amongst whom was the young

2349: 2181: 1983: 1709: 129: 121: 7723:

Preachers by Night The Waldensian Barbes (15th–16th Centuries)

7176:"otto per mille della dichiarazione irpef alla chiesa valdese" 6847:

The first historian on the Waldensians, Gerolamo Miolo in his

History of the Evangelical Churches of the Valleys of Piedmont

4186:

show the French heritage, the latter communities are close to

2617:

History of the Evangelical Churches of the Valleys of Piedmont

2352:. In 1211 more than 80 Waldensians were burned as heretics at 2087:

The Church has erred by prohibiting the marriage of the clergy

2037:, with the Eucharistic elements being consecrated through the 2029:

and affirmed the necessity of priests for the offering of the

1657: 10350: 10217: 9539: 7868: 4164: 3225: 2836: 1797: 1713: 1636: 7606: 7109:"Chiesa Evangelica Pentecostale 'L'Eterno Nostra Giustizia'" 6850:

Historia breve et vera de gl'affari de i valdesi delle Valli

4550: 3605:(1808–1890) likewise believed the Waldensians preserved the 2184:, stating that the group's principal error was contempt for 1921:

who converted to Catholicism, published together in 1254 as

7771:

The Waldenses: Rejections of Holy Church in Medieval Europe

7503: 6665:, pp. 302–303, Watertown, Wisconsin: Baptist Heritage Press 6224: 4199:

stronger cooperation with the Catholic Church than others.

3991: 3979:

original colony, and founded another, larger settlement in

3768: 3760: 3495:" of the 1655 massacre and persecution of the Waldensians. 2661:

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes and the "Glorious Return"

2042: 1648: 109: 6538:(in Latin). National Central Library of Rome. p. 210. 5533: 4619:"Medieval Sourcebook: Accusations against the Waldensians" 4421:

Waldenses: Rejection of the Holy Church in Medieval Europe

4170:

Municipality names like Pinache, Serres (both now part of

4123:

Main parts of the Waldensian refugees found a new home in

3935:

colony, establishing the first church in North America on

2835:

In 2015, after a historic visit to a Waldensian Temple in

1669: 11178:

indicate their inclusion to be controversial or disputed.

7325: 3498:

It was once held that the Waldenses were first taught by

2816:. A few years later, the Waldensian College relocated to 2680:

In the Piedmont, the cousin of Louis, the newly ascended

2005: 1943:

The atoning death and justifying righteousness of Christ;

1777:

on 12 September 1532, they formally became a part of the

1739:, not because they preached apostolic poverty, which the 6974:

Boletin de la Sociedad Sudamericana de Historia Valdense

6957:

Boletin de la Sociedad Sudamericana de Historia Valdense

4089:, and continued to act as their pastor until his death. 2438:

to attend the meeting of Chanforan, which convened on 12

2257:

claimed this designation arose from the unusual type of

1704:

in the late twelfth century, the movement spread to the

77:

and other Waldensian theologians, nowadays also that of

11239:

Christian denominations established in the 12th century

6798:(1873). "Chapter 21–The Sabbath During the Dark Ages". 6521:. Lincoln & Edmands, no. 53, Cornhill. p. 413. 3737:

as a result of the liberalising reforms which followed

2611:

Print illustrating the 1655 massacre in La Torre, from

2427:

adapted their beliefs to those of the Reformed Church.

2285:

Many among the Waldensians claimed that people such as

1692:, are adherents of a church tradition that began as an 10157:

Political influence of Evangelicalism in Latin America

5267:(in Latin). excudebat Andreas Angermarius. p. 54. 4919:

Anderson, Roberta; Bellenger, Dominic (17 June 2013).

1913:

1220). There are also the two reports written for the

1755:

movement, under the influence of early Swiss reformer

7992:

Beliefs condemned as heretical by the Catholic Church

7890: 7884:

The Waldensian Movement From Waldo to the Reformation

6600:. A. G. Hodges and Company, printers. pp. 30–32. 6553:. Scottdale, Pennsylvania: Herald Press. p. 287. 5523:(in Latin). sumptibus Simeonis Vasalini. p. 225. 1666: 1660: 1654: 1651: 1633: 7320:

Morris's Memorial History of Staten Island, New York

7281:

El templo y la escuela: los valdenses en el Uruguay.

6548: 6292: 5763:

Ellwood, R. S.; Alles, G. D. (2007). "Waldensians".

5185: 5180:

Les Vaudois, l’étonnante aventure d’un peuple-église

4574:

The Knights Templar & the Protestant Reformation

3670:, played a role. Heinrich Gottlieb Kreussler's 1830 2059:

gave the following charges against the Waldensians:

1672: 1645: 1639: 6531: 5915: 5478:"Decoding Ancient Waldenses Names: New Discoveries" 2604:a.m., the signal was given for a general massacre. 2207:Early Waldensians belonged to one of three groups: 1716:. The founding of the Waldensians is attributed to 1642: 7436:(1), Maxwell Institute For Religious Scholarship, 5233:(in French). chez Jean Le Carpentier. p. 155. 2564:in 1598, persecution rose again in the seventeenth 2348:in 1215, officially denouncing the Waldensians as 2069:Christians should obey God instead of the Prelates 2021:Trinity College in Dublin, and another in Geneva. 1792:The main denomination within the movement was the 7766:, pp. 4–5, Religious Tract Society of London 7565:"Medieval New York: Waldensians in New York City" 6258: 4918: 4545: 4543: 2706:April, the Waldensians were prepared for battle. 2041:. The Waldensians observed the forty-day fast of 1898:Manifestatio haeresis Albigensium et Lugdunensium 1731:Waldensian teachings came into conflict with the 11190: 7230: 7206:"Italian Protestants approve same-sex blessings" 6064:(Storia del movimento evangelico in Italia, Vol. 5677:. Wesleyan Missionary Society: 108. October 1853 5667:"Piedmontese Children Forced from their parents" 4967:"Waldenses: Description, History, & Beliefs" 3782:(who was also Bishop of Württemberg) issued the 2360:that nearly destroyed the movement. Waldensians 1700:before the Reformation. Originally known as the 7879:Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online 7810:(Vol. 2, 2nd ed.), London: Gale and Fenner 7751:A Companion to the Waldenses in the Middle Ages 6397:A History of the Vaudois Church from Its Origin 6081:, Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press 5516: 3888:The Uruguayan town of Colonia Valdense, in the 2847:Characteristics of the modern Waldensian Church 2553:, also persecuted by authorities, were viewed. 1367:(retained by Lutherans, mostly banned by Trent) 19:"Waldensian" redirects here. For the ship, see 6763:Beitrage zur Sektengeschichte Des Mittelalters 6230: 4828: 4826: 4540: 4258:List of Italian religious minority politicians 2461: 2328:Piedmontese children forced from their parents 2072:That no one is above one another in the church 10718: 10233: 8556: 7976: 7764:History of the Bohemian and Moravian Brethren 6848: 6838:. Cambridge University Press, 1999. pp. 72–77 6150:Historical Dictionary of Radical Christianity 5814: 5635:. Religious Tract Society. 1846. p. 18. 4435: 4119:to commemorate the original settler families. 3456: 2749:Religious freedom after the French Revolution 2300:with proto-Waldensians in the European Alps. 1787:nearly annihilated in the seventeenth century 1600: 7359: 7357: 7144:Italy: Be Fluent in Italian Life and Culture 6766:(in German) (2nd ed.). Munich. p. 5878:. Dalcassian Publishing Company. p. 62. 5762: 5659: 5568: 5281:Histoire de la glorieuse rentrée des Vaudois 4606:Journal of the Adventist Theological Society 4600: 4598: 4461: 4342: 4340: 4155:-Dornholzhausen, Gottstreu and Gewissenruh ( 3767:, Italian Waldensians were active in saving 3663: 2430:The Swiss and French Reformed churches sent 2356:; this action launched several centuries of 2296:One school of thought attempts to associate 2135:, perhaps as early as 1100. In 1179, at the 8570: 7300:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 17 February 2017 6674: 6400:. London: Religious Tract Society. p. 5895:. Cambridge University Press. p. 405. 5471: 5469: 4882: 4823: 3482:. Anonymous illustration published in 1886. 2919: 2883:Federation of Evangelical Churches in Italy 1922: 1896: 1875: 11145:Triumph of the Cross (Girolamo Savonarola) 10725: 10711: 10240: 10226: 8563: 8549: 7983: 7969: 7339:, Brigham Young University, archived from 6780:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5909: 5195:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z 4758:Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Vaudoise 4314: 4312: 4254:, a Waldensian writer, pastor, and soldier 4115:The Waldensian stone was erected north of 3869:in the southern part of the province of La 3812:Union of Waldensian and Methodist Churches 3806:In 1975, the Waldensian Church joined the 3463: 3449: 2943: 1924:Summa de Catharis et Pauperibus de Lugduno 1917:by Reinerius Saccho (died 1259), a former 1810:Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches 1783:Community of Protestant Churches in Europe 1735:and by 1215 the Waldensians were declared 1607: 1593: 11209:Christian denominations founded in France 11162:Comparison of Catharism and Protestantism 7354: 7063: 7061: 7059: 7057: 7055: 7053: 7051: 7049: 7047: 6759: 6393: 6364: 6003:, L. J. Richards & Co., Philadelphia 5789: 5419: 5394: 4595: 4385: 4337: 2757:Waldensian Church entrance in Rome, Italy 2503:. The leaders in the 1545 massacres were 7071:, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 6514: 6493: 6271:. Cornell University Press. p. 59. 6172: 6170: 6146: 5769:. New York: Facts on File. p. 471. 5475: 5466: 4733: 4639: 4633: 4110: 4056: 4044: 3994:, after being converted to Mormonism by 3902: 3848: 3720: 3711: 3474: 2752: 2651: 2606: 2471: 2323: 2307: 2027:real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 1850: 1785:and its affiliates worldwide. They were 10732: 9981:Fostering of early experimental science 7587:"Outdoor Drama At Valdese Has Long Run" 7509: 6814: 6794: 6638:History of the Albigenses and Waldenses 6448: 6298: 5840: 5829: 5721: 5695: 5498: 5454: 5191: 5065: 4888: 4832: 4715: 4309: 3974:in the 1850s. With the outbreak of the 3535:Waldensians feature in the theories of 2897:The Waldensians were influences to the 2312:Illustrations depicting Waldensians as 1990:served only to spend one's money; that 11191: 10085:Fundamentalist – Modernist controversy 7685:Evangelische Waldenser-Kirchengemeinde 7657: 7044: 6929: 6593: 6455:Baptist Theology: A Four-century Study 6264: 5888: 5572:Waldensian prose tracts. IE TCD MS 260 5550: 5436: 5377: 5277: 5070:. Leiden – Boston: Brill. p. 44. 4778: 4570: 2379:for the extermination of the Vaudois. 798:Censorship of the Bible § 16th century 10942: 10706: 10383:Schwarzenau (German Baptist) Brethren 10221: 8544: 7964: 7803: 7477: 7421: 7389: 7133:. Wipf & Stock Publishers. p. 72. 6866: 6739: 6719: 6679:. Landmark Independent Baptist Church 6677:"Waldenses Were Independent Baptists" 6414: 6332: 6203: 6176: 6167: 6103: 5943: 5871: 5585: 5310: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5243: 5225: 4961: 4959: 4914: 4912: 4910: 4858: 4856: 4659:"The Use and Abuse of Church History" 4571:Stroud, James Edward (October 2011). 4346: 3808:Methodist Evangelical Church in Italy 3631:. She claimed the Waldenses kept the 1963:as the "invention of the Antichrist"; 1846: 8458:Community of the Lady of All Nations 7024:Heinrich Gottlieb Kreussler (1830), 6743:(1870). "Chapter 4: The Waldenses". 4833:Alvarez, Sandra (15 November 2012). 4318: 4049:Coat of arms of Le Bourcet (part of 3597:(1660) and Steven Blaupot ten Cate, 3491:, for example, wrote in his sonnet " 2875:World Communion of Reformed Churches 2869:under the presidency of the pastor. 2656:Waldensian Church of Florence, Italy 2477:Massacre of the Mérindol Waldensians 2303: 2224:instructed and trained missionaries; 2084:They condemn the Catholic sacraments 2081:Bishops should not have royal rights 1872:Profession of faith of Valdo of Lyon 7512:"To A Home in the Land of the Free" 7333:"Regions: Europe: Countries: Italy" 7261:. American Waldensian Society. 2016 7231:Gaetano Pecoraro (27 August 2010). 7173: 6910:The History of the Christian Church 6147:Brackney, William H. (3 May 2012). 5766:The Encyclopedia of World Religions 5482:Andrews University Seminary Studies 5433:250. Universal Knowledge Foundation 5425:Herbermann, Charles George (1913). 5260: 4945: 4656: 4474:. 20 September 2009. Archived from 4083:Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg 3915:. This congregation belongs to the 3609:faith and its practices during the 2230:preached to the general population. 2075:No one should kneel before a priest 1994:if one's appetite served one; that 1929:On the Cathars and the Poor of Lyon 1781:tradition. They are members of the 13: 11224:Protestantism in the United States 11139:Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards 7701: 7510:Platene, Giuseppe (1 April 1989), 7369:This Day in North Carolina History 7365:"Waldenses Settle in Burke County" 6452:(2009). "6: Baptist Landmarkism". 5301: 5090: 4956: 4907: 4862: 4853: 2572: 2063:The Pope is the head of all errors 44:("A light shines in the darkness") 14: 11275: 7862: 7429:Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 6933:History of the Ancient Christians 6652:, p. 180, Texarkana: Bogard Press 6305:. Wipf & Stock. p. 196. 6231:Adogame, A.; Shankar, S. (2012). 6177:David, Zdeněk V. (29 July 2003). 5848:"Bl. Angelo Carletti di Chivasso" 5551:Hering, Johann Gottfried (1756). 5517:Eymerich (O.P.), Nicolau (1595). 3763:occupation of North Italy in the 1106:16th century Renaissance humanism 845:Political and religious conflicts 10810: 10687: 8523: 8246: 7948: 7936: 7924: 7912: 7900: 7749:Bellito, Christopher M., (Ed.), 7673: 7651: 7625: 7599: 7579: 7567:. Fordham University. 3 May 1998 7557: 7535: 7409:Mormon Historic Sites Foundation 7312: 7286: 7273: 7251: 7224: 7198: 7167: 7149: 7136: 7123: 7101: 7081: 7032: 7018: 7004: 6983: 6966: 6949: 6923: 6901: 6841: 6828: 6808: 6788: 6753: 6733: 6713: 6699:"waldenses confessions of faith" 6691: 6675:Greg Wilson (1 September 1988). 6668: 6655: 6642: 6626: 6604: 6587: 6563:Steven Blaupot ten Cate (1844), 6299:Kim, E. J. F.; Bush, L. (2012). 5558:(in German). Fulde. p. 537. 5476:Damstegt, Gerard (Autumn 2016). 3898: 3844: 3741:'s granting a constitution (the 3493:On the Late Massacre in Piedmont 3432: 2682:Duke of Savoy, Victor Amadeus II 2643:On the Late Massacre in Piedmont 2446:The French Bible, translated by 1629: 1088:Dutch Renaissance and Golden Age 964:Influence on church architecture 161: 34: 11229:History of Catholicism in Italy 7834:, UNI Service Editrice, Trento. 7607:"Deutsche Waldenservereinigung" 7446:10.5406/jbookmormstud.11.1.0040 7390:Homer, Michael W. (Fall 2000), 7146:. Thorogood Publishing. p. 280. 7111:. Grotte.info. 26 December 2012 6572: 6557: 6542: 6525: 6508: 6487: 6442: 6408: 6387: 6357: 6326: 6197: 6183:. Woodrow Wilson Center Press. 6140: 6114: 6104:Gilly, William Stephen (1848). 6097: 6084: 6071: 6062:L'Evangelo e il berretto frigio 6054: 6034: 6012: 5993: 5977:. Dartmouth.edu. Archived from 5967: 5937: 5882: 5865: 5823: 5808: 5783: 5756: 5728:A Short History of Christianity 5714: 5689: 5622: 5597: 5579: 5562: 5544: 5527: 5510: 5492: 5448: 5371: 5351: 5334: 5288: 5271: 5254: 5244:Gilly, William Stephen (1831). 5237: 5219: 5172: 5160: 5135: 5110: 5084: 5059: 5034: 5009: 4984: 4939: 4806: 4789: 4772: 4748: 4727: 4709: 4700: 4675: 4650: 4611: 4564: 4515: 4323:. Clarendon Press. p. 57. 3511:A History of the Vaudois Church 2649:, which lasted into the 1660s. 11259:1170s establishments in France 10536:Separation of church and state 10247: 9944:Separation of church and state 9613:Formal and material principles 9598:Separation of church and state 6879:University of California Press 6210:. Princeton University Press. 6001:History of Delaware, 1609–1888 5169:, Anonymous Chronicles of Lyon 4493: 4426: 4413: 4379:"A History of the Waldensians" 4371: 4246:Frederick Henry Snow Pendleton 3985:Waldensian Presbyterian Church 3909:Waldensian Presbyterian Church 3784:Stuttgart Declaration of Guilt 3547:of practices and beliefs from 2417: 2196:. The group would shelter the 1888:of Bergamo Conference (1218). 789:Counter-Reformation § Politics 81:and other Reformed theologians 1: 11204:1173 establishments in Europe 10453:Dordrecht Confession of Faith 9608:Hymnody of continental Europe 8759:Apostles in the New Testament 7038:similar in: F. Bender (1850) 6701:. Baptistdocuments.tripod.com 6650:A Concise History of Baptists 6549:Theileman van Braght (2009). 6532:Luc : d' Achery (1723). 6204:Brock, Peter (8 March 2015). 6044:, Lewes, Sussex: Book Guild, 5629:"Accounts of the Waldenses". 5167:Liber visionum et miraculorum 4952:. Delmarva Publications, Inc. 4922:Medieval Worlds: A Sourcebook 4551:"American Waldensian Society" 4303: 4278:Waldensian Evangelical Church 4139:and in the then Grand Duchée 4098:Evangelical Church in Germany 4035:Waldensian Evangelical Church 3776:Evangelical Church in Germany 3747:Waldensian Evangelical Church 3706:Evangelical Church in Germany 3480:The Vaudois taking their oath 2769:, granted them civil rights. 2619:, published in London in 1658 2519:, who was returning from the 2515:, and the military commander 2344:went even further during the 2250:—Some historians such as the 1794:Waldensian Evangelical Church 1501:Conclusion and commemorations 1184:Hymnody of continental Europe 1097:Folklore of the Low Countries 732:Frederick V, Elector Palatine 395:Theologies of seminal figures 6726:The History of Protestantism 6569:, Amsterdam: Frederik Muller 5922:. National Pub. Co. p. 5916:James Dabney McCabe (1874). 5340:Brooke, Rosalind B. (1975), 5250:C. J. G. & F. Rivington. 3735:Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia 2892: 2340:, they were excommunicated. 2137:Third Council of the Lateran 1934: 1806:Methodist Evangelical Church 406:Theology of Huldrych Zwingli 7: 10531:Priesthood of all believers 10470:Anabaptist–Jewish relations 9056:Eastern Orthodox opposition 7869:American Waldensian Society 7595:. 3 June 1973. p. 17E. 7210:Presbyterian Church (U.S.A) 7180:www.ottopermillevaldese.org 7160:Common projects (in German) 6394:Monastier, Antoine (1859). 6365:Monastier, Antoine (1847). 5383:"Goodbye to Waldensianism?" 4202: 3839:blessing of same-sex unions 3795:and the Protestant exclave 3308:United and uniting churches 3138:Great Awakenings in America 2641:'s poem on the Waldenses, " 2487:on their part, French King 2462:Massacre of Mérindol (1545) 2408:Angelo Carletti di Chivasso 2320:, by Martin Le France, 1451 2110:due to the French Reformer 1992:meat might be eaten any day 1956:The incarnation of the Son; 1907:Anonymous chronicle of Lyon 1133:English Renaissance theatre 615:Denmark–Norway and Holstein 10: 11280: 11214:Protestantism in Argentina 10516:Nonconformity to the world 10410:Apostolic Christian Church 9073:Art patronage of Julius II 8530:Catholic Church portal 7711:, Plough Publishing House 7491:). Department of History, 7422:Homer, Michael W. (2002), 7142:Whittaker, Andrew (2010). 7091:, Frankfurt am Main: Lang 6930:Perrin, Jean Paul (1847), 6920:, The Ages Digital Library 6760:Dollinger, Johann (1890). 6207:Pacifism in Europe to 1914 6126:National Catholic Reporter 6079:Waldenses in the New World 6040:Stephens, Prescot (1998), 5999:Scharf, Thomas J. (1888), 5499:Goldast, Melchior (1607). 5344:, New York: Routledge, pp. 4779:TAYLOR, Daniel T. (1856). 4040: 3739:Charles Albert of Sardinia 3672:History of the Reformation 2850: 2767:Charles Albert of Sardinia 2576: 2517:Antoine Escalin des Aimars 2465: 2122: 2117: 2078:Tithes should not be given 1328:Lutheran and Anglican Mass 1193:Music of the British Isles 1120:16th century in literature 18: 11264:12th-century Christianity 11170: 11154: 11111: 11061: 11012: 10987:Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples 10935: 10886: 10826: 10819: 10808: 10785: 10747: 10740: 10684: 10606: 10555: 10478: 10423: 10398:Brethren in Christ Church 10306: 10255: 10165: 10000: 9919: 9848: 9783: 9705: 9636: 9576:Calvinist–Arminian debate 9550: 9317: 9200: 9036: 8927: 8809: 8707: 8596: 8578: 8518: 8443: 8363: 8255: 8244: 8003: 7721:Audisio, Gabriel (2007), 7660:"Waldenserort Nordhausen" 7400:Mormon Historical Studies 7322:, Volume 1. 1898, page 40 6663:A History of the Baptists 6494:Lawrence, Eugene (1876). 5953:. Hartland. p. 132. 5696:Audisio, Gabriel (1999). 5632:Sketches of the Waldenses 5427:The Catholic Encyclopedia 5066:Audisio, Gabriel (2007). 4889:Audisio, Gabriel (2007). 4734:Lawrence, Eugene (1876). 4657:Vos, J. G. (April 1996). 4640:Moreland, Samuel (1658). 4432:Cameron 2000, pp. 264–284 4423:(Oxford, 2000), pp. 49–62 3917:Presbyterian Church (USA) 3690:Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten 3686:History of the Waldenians 3648:Reformed Church of France 3524:Monastier also says that 2887:World Council of Churches 2523:with 2,000 veterans, the 2507:, First President of the 2279:Directorium Inquisitorium 1796:, the original church in 1554:Calendrical commemoration 867:War of the Three Kingdoms 401:Theology of Martin Luther 128: 114:Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles 103: 93: 85: 69: 59: 49: 33: 28: 11219:Protestantism in Uruguay 11096:Savoyard–Waldensian wars 10977:Johann Ruchrat von Wesel 10676:Samuel Heinrich Fröhlich 10393:Old Order River Brethren 10065:Christian existentialism 7842:History of the Waldenses 7735:Audisio, Gabriel (1999) 7707:Arnold, Eberhard (1984) 7633:"Deutsche Waldenserorte" 7493:Brigham Young University 7438:Brigham Young University 7337:Global Mormonism Project 7129:Scotland, Nigel (2012). 7040:Geschichte der Waldenser 6916:24 December 2013 at the 6661:Thomas Armitage (1988), 6594:Waller, John L. (1847). 6579:Geschiedkundig onderzoek 6515:Benedict, David (1813). 6077:Watt, George B. (1941), 5950:History of the Waldenses 5875:History of the Waldenses 5830:Baronio, Cesare (1663). 5593:. A. Black. p. 527. 5520:Directorium Inquisitorum 5462:(in Latin). p. 112. 5342:The Coming of the Friars 4716:Morland, Samuel (1658). 4397:Encyclopaedia Britannica 4174:), Großvillars (part of 3716: 3599:Geschiedkundig onderzoek 3008:Relations with Catholics 2920:Appraisal by Protestants 2583:Savoyard–Waldensian wars 2397:Charles I, Duke of Savoy 2336:, under the auspices of 2000:harlot of the Apocalypse 1861:Luther Monument in Worms 1768:Resolutions of Chanforan 266:Johann Ruchrat von Wesel 11254:Protestant third orders 10694:Christianity portal 10339:Conservative Mennonites 8572:History of Christianity 7804:Jones, William (1816), 7156:Gustavus Adolphus Union 7087:Paul R. Tarmann (2010) 6895:10.1525/nr.2006.9.4.005 6887:10.1525/nr.2006.9.4.005 5618:– via New Advent. 5455:Gretser, Jacob (1738). 5361:. New York: AMS Press, 5330:– via New Advent. 5178:Tourn, Giorgio (1999). 4577:. Xulon Press. p. 4501:"Quienes somos – IEVRP" 4022:Valdese, North Carolina 3981:Valdese, North Carolina 3913:Valdese, North Carolina 3801:Gustavus Adolphus Union 3698:Gustavus Adolphus Union 3439:Christianity portal 2879:World Methodist Council 2540:French Wars of Religion 2273:Francis Pegne cited in 2066:The Monks are Pharisees 1399:First Wittenberg hymnal 857:French Wars of Religion 671:Major political leaders 411:Theology of John Calvin 11234:Protestantism in Italy 10486:Theology of Anabaptism 10448:Schleitheim Confession 10263:Protestant Reformation 10133:Fourth Great Awakening 10020:Second Great Awakening 9259:Fall of Constantinople 9051:Development of primacy 7830:Sossi, Andrea (2010), 7481:The Mormon Waldensians 7067:Barbro Lovisa (1994), 6907:William Jones (1832), 6849: 6821:History of the Sabbath 6801:History of the Sabbath 6648:G. H. Orchard (1987), 6632:Brian Tierney (1970), 6265:Prudlo, D. S. (2016). 6060:Giorgio Spini (1971), 5889:Knecht, R. J. (1984). 5836:(in Latin). Mascardus. 5815:Innocent VIII (1669). 5278:Arnaud, Henri (1710). 5261:Tuy, Lucas de (1613). 4893:. BRILL. p. 192. 4120: 4066: 4054: 3920: 3862: 3826: 3730: 3688:(1750) (authored with 3664: 3652:Primitive Christianity 3543:concerning an alleged 3483: 3421:Spiritual Christianity 2797:(hazelnut chocolate). 2758: 2657: 2630: 2620: 2480: 2448:Pierre Robert Olivétan 2346:Fourth Lateran Council 2329: 2321: 2234:They were also called 2006: 1923: 1897: 1893:Will of Stefano d'Anse 1876: 1863: 1115:16th century in poetry 918:German Renaissance Art 898:Painting and sculpture 11244:Christian terminology 10128:Reformed epistemology 10070:Third Great Awakening 10040:Seventh-day Adventist 9961:First Great Awakening 9834:Book of Common Prayer 9628:Protestant work ethic 9171:Independent Catholics 9122:Monastery dissolution 8505:Positive Christianity 7790:Comba, Emilio (1978) 7769:Cameron, Euan (2001) 7709:The Early Anabaptists 7497:Harold B. Lee Library 7478:Stoke, Diane (1985). 7294:"Valdenses no Brasil" 7174:Valdese, OPM-Tavola. 7163:GAW Waldenser entries 6746:The Great Controversy 6421:Catholic Encyclopedia 6339:Catholic Encyclopedia 5872:Wylie, J. A. (1888). 5852:Catholic Encyclopedia 5833:Annales ecclesiastici 5609:Catholic Encyclopedia 5569:Unattributed (1524). 5357:Comba, Emilio (1978) 5320:Catholic Encyclopedia 4353:Catholic Encyclopedia 4283:John Charles Beckwith 4114: 4061:Arnaud's fountain in 4060: 4048: 4027:From This Day Forward 3906: 3890:department of Colonia 3852: 3837:and, since 2010, the 3745:). Subsequently, the 3727:San Giovanni in Conca 3724: 3712:Waldensians by region 3618:Seventh-day Adventist 3556:Baptist Successionism 3537:Baptist successionism 3478: 2851:Further information: 2824:and politicians like 2810:William Stephen Gilly 2756: 2655: 2625: 2610: 2587:In January 1655, the 2505:Jean Maynier d'Oppède 2475: 2422:When the news of the 2381:Alberto de' Capitanei 2327: 2318:Le champion des dames 2311: 1880:by Durando d'Osca (c. 1854: 1523:Simultaneous rise of 1435:Book of Common Prayer 1235:Scottish church music 1221:Anglican church music 702:Gaspard II de Coligny 677:Henry VIII of England 481:Peter Martyr Vermigli 42:Lux lucet in tenebris 11249:Christian radicalism 11129:Jistebnice hymn book 11020:Bohemian Reformation 10962:Mikuláš of Pelhřimov 10767:Gottschalk of Orbais 10431:German Peasants' War 10334:Old Order Mennonites 9951:Edicts of toleration 9760:Three Forms of Unity 9525:Bohemian Reformation 9098:Catholic Reformation 8955:Roman state religion 8774:Council of Jerusalem 7499:Digital Collections. 6068:I), Claudiana, Turin 5586:Blair, Adam (1832). 5396:10.1093/pastj/gtl004 5226:Leger, Jean (1669). 5192:Minahan, J. (2002). 4621:. Fordham University 4481:on 23 September 2015 4449:on 23 September 2015 4288:Luserna San Giovanni 3545:continuous tradition 3108:Crypto-Protestantism 3045:Bohemian Reformation 2903:Bohemian reformation 2529:Massacre of Mérindol 2468:Massacre of Mérindol 1975:universal priesthood 1905:1206–1208); and the 1884:1187–1200); and the 1698:Western Christianity 1514:Protestant orthodoxy 1487:Whole Book of Psalms 1451:Book of Common Order 1319:Ecclesiastical Latin 872:German Peasants' War 424:Protestant Reformers 354:Northern Renaissance 349:Bohemian Reformation 333:Contributing factors 237:Gottschalk of Orbais 11084:Peace of Kutná Hora 10998:Girolamo Savonarola 10734:Proto-Protestantism 10501:Freedom of religion 10496:Christian communism 10268:Radical Reformation 10123:Liberation theology 10030:Jehovah's Witnesses 9863:Radical Reformation 9591:Resistance theories 9478:Christian mysticism 9473:Early Scholasticism 9185:Ecclesial community 9083:Counter-Reformation 8948:Constantinian shift 8473:Jehovah's Witnesses 8345:Spanish Adoptionism 7838:Wylie, James Aitken 7237:Il Fatto Quotidiano 6153:. Scarecrow Press. 5975:"Milton: Sonnet 18" 5725:(26 October 2011). 5298:38(2), pp. 200–225. 4319:Macy, Gary (1984). 4268:Proto-Protestantism 4147:), Walldorf (today 4007:Presbyterian Church 3976:Uruguayan Civil War 3968:Monett congregation 3956:Rochester, New York 3835:ordination of women 3633:seventh-day Sabbath 3346:Confessing Movement 3086:Augsburg Confession 3040:Proto-Protestantism 2774:Italian unification 2403:or south to Italy. 1519:Peace of Westphalia 1510:Confessionalization 1314:Liturgical Struggle 1240:Normative principle 819:Holy Roman Emperors 768:Counter-Reformation 219:Girolamo Savonarola 11101:Piedmontese Easter 10878:Marsilius of Padua 10646:Balthasar Hubmaier 10568:Believer's baptism 10465:Old Order Movement 10344:Russian Mennonites 10197:Oriental Orthodoxy 9840:King James Version 9652:Ninety-five Theses 9448:Apostolic Brethren 9222:Church of the East 9217:Oriental Orthodoxy 9063:Crusading movement 8583:Early Christianity 8040:Antidicomarianites 7592:Charlotte Observer 7524:on 21 October 2013 7517:Christianity Today 7283:Cal y Canto, 1994. 7212:. 7 September 2010 7186:on 12 January 2019 6834:Audisio, Gabriel. 6612:"Lateran 4 – 1215" 6497:Historical Studies 6450:Garrett, James Leo 6437:at Verona in 1184. 6415:Weber, N. (1912). 6333:Weber, N. (1912). 6110:London: J. Murray. 5387:Past & Present 5147:www.britannica.com 5046:www.britannica.com 4996:www.britannica.com 4971:www.britannica.com 4737:Historical Studies 4527:www.waldensian.org 4347:Weber, N. (1912). 4298:Waldensian valleys 4149:Mörfelden-Walldorf 4121: 4067: 4055: 3921: 3863: 3819:eight per thousand 3731: 3603:James Aitken Wylie 3526:Eberard de Béthune 3484: 3331:Augsburg Catholics 3298:Eastern Protestant 3080:Ninety-five Theses 2973:Anti-Protestantism 2759: 2731:League of Augsburg 2698:Waldensian pastor 2658: 2621: 2579:Piedmontese Easter 2536:freedom to worship 2481: 2412:Bishop of Mauriana 2330: 2322: 2141:Pope Alexander III 2016:), written in the 1864: 1847:Historical sources 1757:Heinrich Bullinger 1424:Thomissøn's hymnal 1226:Exclusive psalmody 982:Metaphysical poets 904:Northern Mannerism 894:Art and literature 807:Anti-Protestantism 743:Electors of Saxony 707:Henry IV of France 697:William the Silent 620:Sweden and Finland 511:Balthasar Hubmaier 476:Heinrich Bullinger 436:Philip Melanchthon 369:Johannes Gutenberg 359:Christian humanism 301:Ninety-five Theses 169:Ninety-five Theses 40:Waldensian symbol 16:Christian movement 11186: 11185: 11134:Ecclesiae Regimen 11091:Mérindol massacre 11079:Compacts of Basel 11057: 11056: 10972:Johannes von Goch 10931: 10930: 10873:Matthias of Janov 10863:Milíč of Kroměříž 10853:Arnold of Brescia 10847:Henry of Lausanne 10806: 10805: 10777:Berengar of Tours 10762:Claudius of Turin 10700: 10699: 10651:Bernhard Rothmann 10491:Church discipline 10436:Münster rebellion 10298:Congregationalism 10215: 10214: 10192:Eastern Orthodoxy 10060:Finnish Awakening 10015:Holiness movement 9956:Congregationalism 9915: 9914: 9775:Metrical psalters 9212:Eastern Orthodoxy 9156:Neo-Scholasticism 8863:Canon development 8764:Jewish Christians 8538: 8537: 8378:Consubstantiation 7786:978-0-631-22497-6 7762:Bost, Ami (1848) 7731:978-90-04-15454-4 7717:978-0-87486-192-1 7681:"Waldenserkirche" 7343:on 2 January 2009 7279:Geymonat, Roger. 7097:978-3-6316-0203-4 7077:978-3-5255-6539-1 6312:978-1-61097-970-2 6278:978-1-5017-0152-8 6244:978-90-04-24337-8 6217:978-1-4008-6749-3 6190:978-0-8018-7382-9 6160:978-0-8108-7365-0 6050:978-1-8577-6280-8 5902:978-0-5212-4344-5 5801:978-963-416-124-0 5776:978-1-4381-1038-7 5723:Blainey, Geoffrey 5707:978-0-521-55984-3 5642:978-1-02-236632-9 5367:978-0-4041-6119-4 5296:Romance Philology 5205:978-0-313-32384-3 4932:978-1-136-40513-6 4900:978-90-04-15454-4 4812:Montet, Edouard, 4795:Montet, Edouard, 4588:978-1-61904-906-2 4330:978-0-19-826669-3 4137:Nassau-Dillenburg 4075:Victor Amadeus II 3743:Statuto Albertino 3694:Johann Jacob Korn 3473: 3472: 3313:Nondenominational 3273:Plymouth Brethren 3165:Proto-Protestants 2763:French Revolution 2723:William of Orange 2669:revoked the 1598 2525:Bandes de Piémont 2454:and published at 2450:with the help of 2342:Pope Innocent III 2304:Catholic response 2291:Berengar of Tours 2287:Claudius of Turin 2275:Nicholas Eymerich 2108:Reformed churches 2039:sign of the cross 1968:voluntary poverty 1877:Liber antiheresis 1764:proto-Protestants 1745:Pope Innocent III 1722:apostolic poverty 1708:in what is today 1617: 1616: 1441:Metrical psalters 862:Eighty Years' War 852:Thirty Years' War 737:Philip I of Hesse 461:Andreas Karlstadt 271:Johannes von Goch 252:Berengar of Tours 247:Claudius of Turin 228:Arnold of Brescia 140: 139: 118:Holy Roman Empire 11271: 11069:Oldcastle Revolt 11013:Sects and groups 10940: 10939: 10887:Sects and groups 10824: 10823: 10814: 10786:Sects and groups 10745: 10744: 10727: 10720: 10713: 10704: 10703: 10692: 10691: 10573:Closed communion 10366:Amish Mennonites 10293:Zwickau prophets 10288:German mysticism 10242: 10235: 10228: 10219: 10218: 9634: 9633: 9021:Non-Chalcedonian 9002:Constantinople I 8794:General epistles 8789:Pauline epistles 8769:Paul the Apostle 8747:Great Commission 8565: 8558: 8551: 8542: 8541: 8528: 8527: 8510:Reincarnationism 8250: 8233:Subordinationism 8218:Pneumatomachians 8149:Melchisedechians 7985: 7978: 7971: 7962: 7961: 7953: 7952: 7941: 7940: 7939: 7929: 7928: 7927: 7917: 7916: 7915: 7905: 7904: 7896: 7811: 7696: 7695: 7693: 7691: 7677: 7671: 7670: 7668: 7666: 7655: 7649: 7648: 7646: 7644: 7635:. 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Deaths in the 2498: 2492: 2441: 2383:, archdeacon of 2377:Id Nostri Cordis 2366:Pope Benedict XI 2277:famous work the 2264:Melchior Goldast 2203: 2172:for the moment. 2145:Reinerius Saccho 2057:Reinerius Saccho 2047:The Noble Lesson 2014:The Noble Lesson 2011: 2008:La nobla leyczon 1953:The fall of man; 1926: 1912: 1904: 1900: 1883: 1879: 1776: 1696:movement within 1679: 1678: 1675: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1623:, also known as 1609: 1602: 1595: 1547:Luther Monuments 1542:Reformation Wall 1512:with subsequent 1476:Scottish Psalter 1390:Lutheran hymnals 1291:Calvin's liturgy 1286:Reformed worship 1207:Lutheran chorale 1050:Bohorič alphabet 882:Schmalkaldic War 780:Council of Trent 755:John Frederick I 654:Poland-Lithuania 531:Jacobus Arminius 441:Huldrych Zwingli 364:German mysticism 165: 142: 141: 54:Proto-Protestant 38: 26: 25: 11279: 11278: 11274: 11273: 11272: 11270: 11269: 11268: 11189: 11188: 11187: 11182: 11181: 11166: 11150: 11107: 11053: 11008: 10982:Wessel Gansfort 10927: 10882: 10815: 10802: 10781: 10736: 10731: 10701: 10696: 10686: 10680: 10631:Michael Sattler 10626:Pilgram Marpeck 10608: 10602: 10551: 10474: 10419: 10356:New Order Amish 10302: 10283:Moravian Church 10251: 10246: 10216: 10211: 10161: 10148:Christian right 10050:Oxford Movement 10025:Restorationists 9996: 9911: 9844: 9779: 9730:Presbyterianism 9701: 9681:Book of Concord 9632: 9556: 9554: 9546: 9313: 9203: 9196: 9032: 8931: 8923: 8882:Clement of Rome 8812: 8805: 8709: 8703: 8592: 8574: 8569: 8539: 8534: 8522: 8514: 8439: 8365:Early modernity 8359: 8251: 8242: 8211:Semipelagianism 8201:Patripassianism 7999: 7989: 7959: 7947: 7937: 7935: 7925: 7923: 7913: 7911: 7899: 7891: 7871:, North America 7865: 7704: 7702:Further reading 7699: 7689: 7687: 7679: 7678: 7674: 7664: 7662: 7656: 7652: 7642: 7640: 7631: 7630: 7626: 7616: 7614: 7605: 7604: 7600: 7585: 7584: 7580: 7570: 7568: 7563: 7562: 7558: 7548: 7546: 7541: 7540: 7536: 7527: 7525: 7508: 7504: 7484: 7476: 7472: 7463: 7461: 7420: 7416: 7394: 7388: 7384: 7374: 7372: 7363: 7362: 7355: 7346: 7344: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7317: 7313: 7303: 7301: 7298:Ensaios e Notas 7292: 7291: 7287: 7278: 7274: 7264: 7262: 7259:"South America" 7257: 7256: 7252: 7242: 7240: 7229: 7225: 7215: 7213: 7204: 7203: 7199: 7189: 7187: 7172: 7168: 7154: 7150: 7141: 7137: 7128: 7124: 7114: 7112: 7107: 7106: 7102: 7086: 7082: 7066: 7045: 7037: 7033: 7023: 7019: 7009: 7005: 6998: 6990: 6988: 6984: 6977: 6971: 6967: 6960: 6954: 6950: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6928: 6924: 6918:Wayback Machine 6906: 6902: 6865: 6861: 6846: 6842: 6833: 6829: 6813: 6809: 6793: 6789: 6773: 6772: 6758: 6754: 6741:White, Ellen G. 6738: 6734: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6697: 6696: 6692: 6682: 6680: 6673: 6669: 6660: 6656: 6647: 6643: 6634:The Middle Ages 6631: 6627: 6617: 6615: 6610: 6609: 6605: 6592: 6588: 6577: 6573: 6562: 6558: 6547: 6543: 6530: 6526: 6513: 6509: 6492: 6488: 6470: 6468: 6466: 6447: 6443: 6435:excommunication 6426: 6424: 6413: 6409: 6392: 6388: 6378: 6376: 6362: 6358: 6344: 6342: 6331: 6327: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6297: 6293: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6263: 6259: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6229: 6225: 6218: 6202: 6198: 6191: 6175: 6168: 6161: 6145: 6141: 6131: 6129: 6120: 6119: 6115: 6102: 6098: 6091: 6089: 6085: 6076: 6072: 6065: 6059: 6055: 6039: 6035: 6025: 6023: 6022:. Regard.eu.org 6018: 6017: 6013: 5998: 5994: 5984: 5982: 5981:on 25 July 2008 5973: 5972: 5968: 5961: 5942: 5938: 5928: 5926: 5914: 5910: 5903: 5887: 5883: 5870: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5846: 5845: 5841: 5828: 5824: 5813: 5809: 5802: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5761: 5757: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5719: 5715: 5708: 5694: 5690: 5680: 5678: 5665: 5664: 5660: 5647: 5645: 5643: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5613: 5611: 5603: 5602: 5598: 5584: 5580: 5567: 5563: 5549: 5545: 5532: 5528: 5515: 5511: 5497: 5493: 5474: 5467: 5453: 5449: 5441: 5437: 5430: 5424: 5420: 5381:(August 2006). 5376: 5372: 5356: 5352: 5345: 5339: 5335: 5325: 5323: 5314: 5313: 5302: 5293: 5289: 5276: 5272: 5259: 5255: 5242: 5238: 5224: 5220: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5190: 5186: 5177: 5173: 5165: 5161: 5151: 5149: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5126: 5124: 5116: 5115: 5111: 5101: 5099: 5089: 5085: 5078: 5064: 5060: 5050: 5048: 5040: 5039: 5035: 5025: 5023: 5015: 5014: 5010: 5000: 4998: 4990: 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4965: 4964: 4957: 4944: 4940: 4933: 4917: 4908: 4901: 4887: 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2671:Edict of Nantes 2663: 2635:Oliver Cromwell 2613:Samuel Moreland 2601: 2597: 2585: 2577:Main articles: 2575: 2573:Piedmont Easter 2565: 2562:Edict of Nantes 2557: 2496: 2490: 2470: 2464: 2439: 2436:Anthony Saunier 2420: 2406:The theologian 2338:Pope Lucius III 2334:Synod of Verona 2306: 2201: 2178:Catholic Church 2125: 2120: 2112:Guillaume Farel 1937: 1910: 1902: 1881: 1849: 1841:inter-religious 1770: 1733:Catholic Church 1665: 1632: 1628: 1613: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1561:Reformation Day 1551: 1502: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1481: 1469:Genevan Psalter 1463: 1458:Souterliedekens 1445: 1429: 1411: 1393: 1370: 1360: 1346: 1342:Paraphrase mass 1333: 1323: 1309: 1295: 1276: 1262: 1244: 1230: 1216: 1202: 1188: 1175: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1124: 1110: 1101: 1092: 1078: 1054: 1015: 991: 955: 941: 927: 913: 895: 887: 886: 847: 837: 836: 835: 816: 802: 793: 784: 775:Catholic Church 769: 761: 760: 759: 727:Gustav II Adolf 722:Gabriel Bethlen 717:Stephen Bocskai 712:Jeanne d'Albret 687:Oliver Cromwell 672: 664: 663: 556: 548: 547: 491:François Hotman 471:George Buchanan 456:William Tyndale 426: 416: 415: 396: 388: 387: 383:Johann Reuchlin 334: 326: 325: 296: 286: 285: 261:Wessel Gansfort 187: 177: 135:Catholic Church 108: 45: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11277: 11267: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11236: 11231: 11226: 11221: 11216: 11211: 11206: 11201: 11184: 11183: 11180: 11179: 11172: 11171: 11168: 11167: 11165: 11164: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11151: 11149: 11148: 11141: 11136: 11131: 11126: 11121: 11119:Wycliffe Bible 11115: 11113: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11105: 11104: 11103: 11093: 11088: 11087: 11086: 11081: 11071: 11065: 11063: 11059: 11058: 11055: 11054: 11052: 11051: 11044: 11043: 11042: 11040:Czech Brethren 11037: 11032: 11027: 11016: 11014: 11010: 11009: 11007: 11006: 11004:Luke of Prague 11001: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10967:Petr Chelčický 10964: 10959: 10952: 10946: 10944: 10937: 10933: 10932: 10929: 10928: 10926: 10925: 10918: 10916:Friends of God 10913: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10890: 10888: 10884: 10883: 10881: 10880: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10843: 10840:Peter of Bruys 10836: 10830: 10828: 10821: 10817: 10816: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10803: 10801: 10800: 10795: 10789: 10787: 10783: 10782: 10780: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10751: 10749: 10742: 10738: 10737: 10730: 10729: 10722: 10715: 10707: 10698: 10697: 10685: 10682: 10681: 10679: 10678: 10673: 10671:Alexander Mack 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10612: 10610: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10559: 10557: 10553: 10552: 10550: 10549: 10546:Sola scriptura 10542: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10506:Great Apostasy 10503: 10498: 10493: 10488: 10482: 10480: 10476: 10475: 10473: 10472: 10467: 10462: 10455: 10450: 10445: 10442:Martyrs Mirror 10438: 10433: 10427: 10425: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10417: 10415:Peace churches 10412: 10407: 10402: 10401: 10400: 10395: 10388:River Brethren 10385: 10380: 10378:Schwenkfelders 10375: 10370: 10369: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10348: 10347: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10326: 10321: 10316: 10314:Swiss Brethren 10310: 10308: 10304: 10303: 10301: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10278:Petr Chelčický 10275: 10270: 10265: 10259: 10257: 10253: 10252: 10245: 10244: 10237: 10230: 10222: 10213: 10212: 10210: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10183: 10182: 10177: 10166: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10159: 10154: 10145: 10135: 10130: 10125: 10120: 10115: 10113:Pentecostalism 10110: 10108:Jesus movement 10105: 10097: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10022: 10017: 10012: 10006: 10004: 9998: 9997: 9995: 9994: 9985: 9984: 9983: 9973: 9968: 9963: 9958: 9953: 9948: 9947: 9946: 9936: 9931: 9925: 9923: 9917: 9916: 9913: 9912: 9910: 9909: 9902: 9899:Martyrs Mirror 9895: 9890: 9885: 9883:Martyrs' Synod 9880: 9875: 9873:Swiss Brethren 9870: 9865: 9860: 9854: 9852: 9846: 9845: 9843: 9842: 9837: 9830: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9789: 9787: 9781: 9780: 9778: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9711: 9709: 9703: 9702: 9700: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9677: 9672: 9671: 9670: 9665: 9660: 9655: 9642: 9640: 9631: 9630: 9625: 9620: 9618:Law and Gospel 9615: 9610: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9594: 9593: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9562: 9560: 9548: 9547: 9545: 9544: 9543: 9542: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9506: 9505: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9470: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9409: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9373: 9372: 9371: 9370: 9369: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9323: 9321: 9315: 9314: 9312: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9299:Ottoman Empire 9296: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9250: 9249: 9244: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9208: 9206: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9194: 9189: 9188: 9187: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9114: 9113: 9112: 9111: 9110: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9060: 9059: 9058: 9053: 9042: 9040: 9034: 9033: 9031: 9030: 9028:Biblical canon 9025: 9024: 9023: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8983: 8982: 8977: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8951: 8950: 8939: 8937: 8929:Late antiquity 8925: 8924: 8922: 8921: 8916: 8915: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8899: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8877:Church Fathers 8870: 8865: 8860: 8859: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8817: 8815: 8807: 8806: 8804: 8803: 8802: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8750: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8719: 8713: 8711: 8705: 8704: 8702: 8701: 8696: 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8600: 8598: 8594: 8593: 8591: 8590: 8585: 8579: 8576: 8575: 8568: 8567: 8560: 8553: 8545: 8536: 8535: 8533: 8532: 8519: 8516: 8515: 8513: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8501: 8500: 8495: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8468:Indifferentism 8465: 8460: 8455: 8449: 8447: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8437: 8432: 8431: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8369: 8367: 8361: 8360: 8358: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8275:Bosnian Church 8272: 8267: 8261: 8259: 8253: 8252: 8245: 8243: 8241: 8240: 8238:Valentinianism 8235: 8230: 8225: 8223:Psilanthropism 8220: 8215: 8214: 8213: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8172: 8171: 8166: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8125: 8124: 8122:Valentinianism 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8102:Priscillianism 8099: 8094: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8067:Collyridianism 8064: 8063: 8062: 8060:Circumcellions 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8036: 8035: 8030: 8020: 8015: 8009: 8007: 8001: 8000: 7988: 7987: 7980: 7973: 7965: 7958: 7957: 7945: 7933: 7921: 7909: 7887: 7886: 7881: 7872: 7864: 7863:External links 7861: 7860: 7859: 7835: 7828: 7815:Muston, Alexis 7812: 7801: 7788: 7767: 7760: 7747: 7733: 7719: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7697: 7672: 7650: 7639:on 1 June 2017 7624: 7598: 7578: 7556: 7534: 7502: 7470: 7460:on 1 July 2013 7414: 7382: 7353: 7324: 7311: 7285: 7272: 7250: 7223: 7197: 7166: 7148: 7135: 7122: 7100: 7080: 7043: 7031: 7017: 7003: 6982: 6965: 6948: 6922: 6900: 6859: 6840: 6827: 6816:Andrews, J. N. 6807: 6796:Andrews, J. N. 6787: 6752: 6732: 6712: 6690: 6667: 6654: 6641: 6625: 6603: 6586: 6571: 6556: 6551:Martyrs Mirror 6541: 6524: 6507: 6486: 6480:Unitas Fratrum 6464: 6441: 6407: 6386: 6356: 6325: 6311: 6291: 6277: 6257: 6243: 6223: 6216: 6196: 6189: 6166: 6159: 6139: 6128:. 22 June 2015 6113: 6096: 6083: 6070: 6053: 6033: 6011: 5992: 5966: 5959: 5936: 5908: 5901: 5881: 5864: 5839: 5822: 5807: 5800: 5782: 5775: 5755: 5737: 5713: 5706: 5688: 5658: 5641: 5621: 5596: 5578: 5561: 5543: 5526: 5509: 5491: 5465: 5447: 5435: 5418: 5370: 5350: 5333: 5300: 5287: 5270: 5253: 5236: 5218: 5204: 5184: 5171: 5159: 5134: 5109: 5083: 5076: 5058: 5033: 5008: 4983: 4955: 4938: 4931: 4906: 4899: 4881: 4852: 4837:. Medievalists 4822: 4805: 4788: 4785:. p. 129. 4771: 4747: 4726: 4708: 4699: 4674: 4649: 4646:. Henry Hills. 4632: 4610: 4594: 4587: 4563: 4539: 4514: 4492: 4460: 4434: 4425: 4412: 4384: 4370: 4336: 4329: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4301: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4273:Restorationism 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4249: 4243: 4234: 4220:Petr Chelčický 4216: 4211: 4204: 4201: 4161:Charlottenberg 4042: 4039: 4024:, have staged 3933:New Netherland 3900: 3897: 3846: 3843: 3827:otto per mille 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3625:Great Apostasy 3621:Ellen G. White 3594:Martyrs Mirror 3471: 3470: 3468: 3467: 3460: 3453: 3445: 3442: 3441: 3428: 3427: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3376:Fundamentalism 3373: 3371:Evangelicalism 3368: 3363: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3327: 3324: 3323: 3320: 3319: 3316: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3268:Stone-Campbell 3265: 3260: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3239: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3218: 3217: 3216: 3206: 3205: 3204: 3202:Congregational 3199: 3194: 3184: 3179: 3178: 3177: 3172: 3161: 3156: 3155: 3152: 3151: 3148: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3113:Nonconformists 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3089: 3088: 3083: 3071: 3070: 3069: 3064: 3059: 3049: 3048: 3047: 3036: 3031: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3023: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2969: 2966: 2965: 2962: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2952: 2949: 2948: 2940: 2939: 2933: 2932: 2921: 2918: 2914:Jacob of Miles 2907:Petr Chelčický 2894: 2891: 2848: 2845: 2806:Gospel of John 2750: 2747: 2662: 2659: 2647:Joshua Janavel 2574: 2571: 2542:in 1562–1598. 2466:Main article: 2463: 2460: 2419: 2416: 2375:issued a bull 2305: 2302: 2232: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2186:ecclesiastical 2180:declared them 2170:excommunicated 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2089: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 1979: 1978: 1971: 1964: 1957: 1954: 1951: 1944: 1936: 1933: 1848: 1845: 1837:social justice 1833:Northern Italy 1800:. In 1975, it 1749:Poor Catholics 1724:as the way to 1615: 1614: 1612: 1611: 1604: 1597: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1579: 1578: 1574: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1557: 1550: 1549: 1544: 1538: 1532: 1531: 1521: 1516: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1491: 1490: 1482: 1480: 1479: 1472: 1464: 1462: 1461: 1454: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1430: 1428: 1427: 1420: 1417:Swenske songer 1412: 1410: 1409: 1402: 1394: 1392: 1391: 1376: 1369: 1368: 1361: 1359: 1358: 1347: 1345: 1344: 1334: 1332: 1331: 1324: 1322: 1321: 1316: 1310: 1308: 1307: 1305:Deutsche Messe 1302: 1300:Formula missae 1296: 1294: 1293: 1288: 1282: 1275: 1274: 1269: 1263: 1261: 1260: 1251: 1249:Anglican chant 1245: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1231: 1229: 1228: 1223: 1217: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1203: 1201: 1200: 1195: 1189: 1187: 1186: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1135: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1109: 1108: 1102: 1100: 1099: 1093: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1079: 1077: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1055: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 992: 990: 989: 984: 979: 973: 967: 966: 954: 953: 948: 942: 940: 939: 934: 928: 926: 925: 920: 914: 912: 911: 906: 900: 896: 893: 892: 889: 888: 885: 884: 879: 877:Wars of Kappel 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 848: 843: 842: 839: 838: 834: 833: 828: 822: 815: 814: 809: 803: 801: 800: 794: 792: 791: 785: 783: 782: 777: 771: 770: 767: 766: 763: 762: 758: 757: 752: 746: 740: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 692:James VI and I 689: 684: 679: 673: 670: 669: 666: 665: 662: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 582: 577: 563: 557: 554: 553: 550: 549: 546: 545: 538: 536:Roger Williams 533: 528: 526:Richard Hooker 523: 521:Thomas Cranmer 518: 513: 508: 506:Thomas Müntzer 503: 501:Hubert Languet 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 438: 433: 427: 422: 421: 418: 417: 414: 413: 408: 403: 397: 394: 393: 390: 389: 386: 385: 380: 375: 373:printing press 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 344:Avignon Papacy 341: 339:Western Schism 335: 332: 331: 328: 327: 324: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 297: 292: 291: 288: 287: 284: 283: 278: 276:Friends of God 273: 268: 263: 258: 249: 244: 239: 234: 225: 216: 207: 198: 188: 183: 182: 179: 178: 166: 158: 157: 151: 150: 138: 137: 132: 130:Separated from 126: 125: 105: 101: 100: 95: 91: 90: 87: 83: 82: 71: 67: 66: 61: 57: 56: 51: 50:Classification 47: 46: 39: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11276: 11265: 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11232: 11230: 11227: 11225: 11222: 11220: 11217: 11215: 11212: 11210: 11207: 11205: 11202: 11200: 11199:Waldensianism 11197: 11196: 11194: 11177: 11174: 11173: 11169: 11163: 11160: 11159: 11157: 11153: 11147: 11146: 11142: 11140: 11137: 11135: 11132: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11124:Hussite Bible 11122: 11120: 11117: 11116: 11114: 11110: 11102: 11099: 11098: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11085: 11082: 11080: 11077: 11076: 11075: 11072: 11070: 11067: 11066: 11064: 11060: 11050: 11049: 11045: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11033: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11022: 11021: 11018: 11017: 11015: 11011: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10999: 10995: 10993: 10992:Lorenzo Valla 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10957: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10947: 10945: 10941: 10938: 10934: 10924: 10923: 10922:Petrobrusians 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10911: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10891: 10889: 10885: 10879: 10876: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10868:John Wycliffe 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10848: 10844: 10842: 10841: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10831: 10829: 10825: 10822: 10818: 10813: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10790: 10788: 10784: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10757: 10753: 10752: 10750: 10746: 10743: 10739: 10735: 10728: 10723: 10721: 10716: 10714: 10709: 10708: 10705: 10695: 10690: 10683: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10621:Conrad Grebel 10619: 10617: 10614: 10613: 10611: 10605: 10599: 10598:Simple living 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10560: 10558: 10554: 10548: 10547: 10543: 10541: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10521:Nonresistance 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10483: 10481: 10477: 10471: 10468: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10460: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10443: 10439: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10390: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10353: 10352: 10349: 10345: 10342: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10332: 10331: 10330: 10327: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10311: 10309: 10305: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10254: 10250: 10243: 10238: 10236: 10231: 10229: 10224: 10223: 10220: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10202:Protestantism 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10172: 10171: 10168: 10167: 10164: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10149: 10146: 10143: 10139: 10136: 10134: 10131: 10129: 10126: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10103: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10075:Azusa Revival 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10055:Laestadianism 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10011: 10008: 10007: 10005: 10003: 9999: 9993: 9992:Old Lutherans 9989: 9986: 9982: 9979: 9978: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9949: 9945: 9942: 9941: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9926: 9924: 9922: 9918: 9908: 9907: 9903: 9901: 9900: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9855: 9853: 9851: 9847: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9835: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9790: 9788: 9786: 9782: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9712: 9710: 9708: 9704: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9682: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9658:Diet of Worms 9656: 9654: 9653: 9649: 9648: 9647: 9644: 9643: 9641: 9639: 9635: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9592: 9589: 9588: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9563: 9561: 9559: 9558:Protestantism 9553: 9549: 9541: 9538: 9537: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9504: 9501: 9500: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9377: 9374: 9368: 9365: 9364: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9324: 9322: 9320: 9316: 9310: 9309:North America 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9248: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9209: 9207: 9205: 9199: 9193: 9190: 9186: 9183: 9182: 9181: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9109: 9106: 9105: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9085: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9048: 9047: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9039: 9035: 9029: 9026: 9022: 9018: 9015: 9014: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8972: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8949: 8946: 8945: 8944: 8941: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8930: 8926: 8920: 8919:Early African 8917: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8902:Justin Martyr 8900: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8879: 8878: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8823: 8822: 8819: 8818: 8816: 8814: 8808: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8724: 8723: 8722:Life of Jesus 8720: 8718: 8715: 8714: 8712: 8710:Apostolic Age 8706: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8601: 8599: 8595: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8577: 8573: 8566: 8561: 8559: 8554: 8552: 8547: 8546: 8543: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8520: 8517: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8490: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8446: 8442: 8436: 8433: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8409: 8408:Protestantism 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8373:Antinomianism 8371: 8370: 8368: 8366: 8362: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8258: 8254: 8249: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8212: 8209: 8208: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8181:Monothelitism 8179: 8177: 8176:Monophysitism 8174: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8161: 8160: 8159:Monarchianism 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8139:Macedonianism 8137: 8135: 8134:Luciferianism 8132: 8130: 8127: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8089: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8061: 8058: 8057: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8034: 8033:Semi-Arianism 8031: 8029: 8026: 8025: 8024: 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8006: 8002: 7997: 7993: 7986: 7981: 7979: 7974: 7972: 7967: 7966: 7963: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7944: 7934: 7932: 7922: 7920: 7910: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7897: 7894: 7889: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7876: 7873: 7870: 7867: 7866: 7857: 7853: 7850: 7849:1-57258-185-9 7846: 7843: 7839: 7836: 7833: 7829: 7827: 7826:0-404-16140-5 7823: 7820: 7816: 7813: 7809: 7808: 7802: 7800: 7799:0-404-16119-7 7796: 7793: 7789: 7787: 7783: 7779: 7778:0-631-22497-1 7775: 7772: 7768: 7765: 7761: 7759: 7758:9789004420410 7755: 7752: 7748: 7746: 7745:0-521-55984-7 7742: 7738: 7734: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7718: 7714: 7710: 7706: 7705: 7686: 7682: 7676: 7661: 7654: 7638: 7634: 7628: 7612: 7608: 7602: 7594: 7593: 7588: 7582: 7566: 7560: 7544: 7538: 7523: 7519: 7518: 7513: 7506: 7498: 7494: 7490: 7483: 7482: 7474: 7459: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7430: 7425: 7418: 7410: 7406: 7402: 7401: 7393: 7386: 7370: 7366: 7360: 7358: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7321: 7318:Morris, Ira. 7315: 7299: 7295: 7289: 7282: 7276: 7260: 7254: 7238: 7234: 7227: 7211: 7207: 7201: 7185: 7181: 7177: 7170: 7164: 7161: 7157: 7152: 7145: 7139: 7132: 7126: 7110: 7104: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7084: 7078: 7074: 7070: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7050: 7048: 7041: 7035: 7029: 7028: 7021: 7015: 7014: 7007: 6996: 6986: 6975: 6969: 6958: 6952: 6935: 6934: 6926: 6919: 6915: 6912: 6911: 6904: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6876: 6872: 6871: 6863: 6856: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6831: 6823: 6822: 6817: 6811: 6803: 6802: 6797: 6791: 6783: 6777: 6769: 6765: 6764: 6756: 6748: 6747: 6742: 6736: 6728: 6727: 6722: 6716: 6700: 6694: 6678: 6671: 6664: 6658: 6651: 6645: 6639: 6635: 6629: 6613: 6607: 6599: 6598: 6590: 6584: 6581: at the 6580: 6575: 6568: 6567: 6560: 6552: 6545: 6537: 6536: 6528: 6520: 6519: 6511: 6503: 6499: 6498: 6490: 6483: 6481: 6467: 6465:9780881461299 6461: 6457: 6456: 6451: 6445: 6438: 6436: 6422: 6418: 6411: 6403: 6399: 6398: 6390: 6374: 6370: 6369: 6360: 6353: 6340: 6336: 6329: 6314: 6308: 6304: 6303: 6295: 6280: 6274: 6270: 6269: 6261: 6246: 6240: 6236: 6235: 6227: 6219: 6213: 6209: 6208: 6200: 6192: 6186: 6182: 6181: 6173: 6171: 6162: 6156: 6152: 6151: 6143: 6127: 6123: 6117: 6109: 6108: 6100: 6087: 6080: 6074: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6037: 6021: 6015: 6009: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5980: 5976: 5970: 5962: 5960:9780923309305 5956: 5952: 5951: 5946: 5940: 5925: 5921: 5920: 5912: 5904: 5898: 5894: 5893: 5885: 5877: 5876: 5868: 5853: 5849: 5843: 5835: 5834: 5826: 5818: 5811: 5803: 5797: 5793: 5786: 5778: 5772: 5768: 5767: 5759: 5752: 5740: 5738:9780857962553 5734: 5730: 5729: 5724: 5717: 5709: 5703: 5699: 5692: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5662: 5655: 5644: 5638: 5634: 5633: 5625: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5592: 5591: 5582: 5574: 5573: 5565: 5557: 5556: 5547: 5539: 5538: 5530: 5522: 5521: 5513: 5505: 5504: 5495: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5472: 5470: 5461: 5460: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5428: 5422: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5389:(192): 3–33. 5388: 5384: 5380: 5379:Biller, Peter 5374: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5354: 5343: 5337: 5321: 5317: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5305: 5297: 5291: 5283: 5282: 5274: 5266: 5265: 5257: 5249: 5248: 5240: 5232: 5231: 5222: 5207: 5201: 5197: 5196: 5188: 5181: 5175: 5168: 5163: 5148: 5144: 5138: 5123: 5119: 5113: 5098: 5094: 5087: 5079: 5077:9789004154544 5073: 5069: 5062: 5047: 5043: 5037: 5022: 5018: 5012: 4997: 4993: 4987: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4960: 4951: 4950: 4942: 4934: 4928: 4925:. Routledge. 4924: 4923: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4902: 4896: 4892: 4885: 4870: 4866: 4859: 4857: 4849: 4836: 4829: 4827: 4815: 4809: 4798: 4792: 4784: 4783: 4775: 4769: 4760:, no. 2 (dic. 4757: 4751: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4730: 4722: 4721: 4712: 4703: 4688: 4684: 4678: 4670: 4666: 4665: 4660: 4653: 4645: 4644: 4636: 4620: 4614: 4607: 4601: 4599: 4590: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4575: 4567: 4552: 4546: 4544: 4528: 4524: 4518: 4502: 4496: 4477: 4470: 4464: 4448: 4444: 4438: 4429: 4422: 4416: 4409: 4398: 4394: 4388: 4380: 4374: 4367: 4354: 4350: 4343: 4341: 4332: 4326: 4322: 4315: 4313: 4308: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4253: 4250: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4200: 4196: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4176:Oberderdingen 4173: 4168: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4145:Ober-Ramstadt 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4118: 4113: 4109: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4094:Landeskirchen 4090: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4079:Duke of Savoy 4076: 4072: 4065:(Württemberg) 4064: 4059: 4052: 4047: 4038: 4036: 4031: 4029: 4028: 4023: 4017: 4014: 4010: 4008: 4003: 3999: 3997: 3993: 3988: 3986: 3982: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3940: 3938: 3937:Staten Island 3934: 3930: 3926: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3905: 3899:United States 3896: 3893: 3891: 3886: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3868: 3867:Jacinto Aráuz 3860: 3856: 3851: 3845:South America 3842: 3841:are allowed. 3840: 3836: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3815: 3813: 3809: 3804: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3781: 3780:Theophil Wurm 3777: 3772: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3757: 3755: 3750: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3728: 3723: 3709: 3707: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3673: 3668: 3667: 3659: 3655: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3640: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3619: 3616:Still later, 3614: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3595: 3590: 3587:writers like 3586: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3557: 3552: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3522: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3494: 3490: 3481: 3477: 3466: 3461: 3459: 3454: 3452: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3443: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3429: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3416:Progressivism 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3406:New Calvinism 3404: 3402: 3401:Neo-orthodoxy 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3356:Church Growth 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3332: 3329: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3223: 3222: 3219: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3197:Presbyterians 3195: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3159: 3154: 3153: 3144: 3141: 3140: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3076: 3075: 3074:Martin Luther 3072: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3054: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3038: 3037: 3034: 3029: 3028: 3019: 3016: 3015: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2937:Protestantism 2935: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2925: 2917: 2915: 2910: 2908: 2905:, especially 2904: 2900: 2890: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2870: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2854: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2833: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2822:Italo Calvino 2819: 2815: 2814:Torre Pellice 2811: 2807: 2803: 2798: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2782:Jacinto Aráuz 2779: 2775: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2755: 2746: 2742: 2740: 2735: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2719: 2711: 2707: 2701: 2696: 2689: 2687: 2683: 2678: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2654: 2650: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2629: 2624: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2593: 2590: 2589:Duke of Savoy 2584: 2580: 2570: 2563: 2560:IV, with the 2554: 2552: 2548: 2547:John Wycliffe 2543: 2541: 2537: 2532: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2494: 2486: 2478: 2474: 2469: 2459: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2444: 2437: 2433: 2432:William Farel 2428: 2425: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2404: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2373:Innocent VIII 2371:In 1487 Pope 2369: 2367: 2363: 2362:briefly ruled 2359: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2326: 2319: 2315: 2310: 2301: 2299: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2255:Jacob Gretser 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2210: 2209: 2208: 2205: 2199: 2195: 2189: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2173: 2171: 2165: 2163: 2157: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2115: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2035:Lord's Prayer 2032: 2028: 2022: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2009: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1976: 1973:Perhaps, the 1972: 1969: 1966:The value of 1965: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1940: 1932: 1930: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1908: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1887: 1878: 1873: 1869: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1677: 1626: 1622: 1610: 1605: 1603: 1598: 1596: 1591: 1590: 1588: 1587: 1584: 1583:Protestantism 1581: 1580: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1556: 1555: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1508: 1507: 1506: 1498: 1497: 1489: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1471: 1470: 1466: 1465: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1448: 1447: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1421: 1419: 1418: 1414: 1413: 1408: 1407: 1403: 1401: 1400: 1396: 1395: 1389: 1388: 1383: 1382: 1378: 1377: 1375: 1374: 1366: 1363: 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376: 374: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 336: 330: 329: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 306:Diet of Worms 304: 302: 299: 298: 295: 290: 289: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 233: 229: 226: 224: 220: 217: 215: 211: 208: 206: 202: 201:John Wycliffe 199: 197: 193: 190: 189: 186: 181: 180: 175: 174:Martin Luther 172:, written by 171: 170: 164: 160: 159: 156: 153: 152: 148: 144: 143: 136: 133: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 106: 102: 99: 96: 92: 88: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 65: 62: 58: 55: 52: 48: 43: 37: 32: 27: 22: 21:SS Waldensian 11175: 11143: 11074:Hussite Wars 11046: 10996: 10954: 10936:1400–1500 AD 10920: 10908: 10898: 10845: 10838: 10820:1100–1400 AD 10798:Berengarians 10754: 10666:Jakob Ammann 10661:Menno Simons 10656:Dirk Philips 10641:Jakob Hutter 10578:Foot washing 10544: 10457: 10440: 10373:Abecedarians 10361:Beachy Amish 10324:Batenburgers 10272: 10118:Charismatics 10101: 10080:Gospel music 10010:Camp meeting 10002:1789–present 9934:Missionaries 9904: 9897: 9888:Menno Simons 9832: 9828:Church music 9679: 9650: 9535:Conciliarism 9520:Papal Schism 9462: 9362:Scandinavian 9254:Great Schism 9232:Nestorianism 9204:Christianity 9136:priest holes 9017:Chalcedonian 8980:Christianity 8934:Great Church 8742:Resurrection 8498:Santa Muerte 8488:Narco-saints 8383:Febronianism 8354: 8300:Free Spirits 8285:Conciliarism 8228:Sabellianism 8191:Nestorianism 8097:Paulicianism 8018:Apollinarism 7907:Christianity 7888: 7852:online ebook 7841: 7831: 7818: 7806: 7791: 7770: 7763: 7750: 7736: 7722: 7708: 7688:. Retrieved 7684: 7675: 7663:. Retrieved 7658:Weidenmann. 7653: 7641:. Retrieved 7637:the original 7627: 7615:. Retrieved 7610: 7601: 7590: 7581: 7569:. Retrieved 7559: 7547:. Retrieved 7543:"Who We Are" 7537: 7526:, retrieved 7522:the original 7515: 7505: 7480: 7473: 7462:, retrieved 7458:the original 7433: 7427: 7417: 7404: 7398: 7385: 7373:. Retrieved 7368: 7345:, retrieved 7341:the original 7336: 7327: 7319: 7314: 7302:. Retrieved 7297: 7288: 7280: 7275: 7263:. Retrieved 7253: 7241:. Retrieved 7239:(in Italian) 7236: 7226: 7214:. Retrieved 7209: 7200: 7188:. Retrieved 7184:the original 7179: 7169: 7151: 7143: 7138: 7130: 7125: 7113:. Retrieved 7103: 7088: 7083: 7068: 7039: 7034: 7026: 7020: 7012: 7006: 6994: 6985: 6973: 6968: 6956: 6951: 6940:, retrieved 6932: 6925: 6909: 6903: 6874: 6870:Nova Religio 6868: 6862: 6854: 6843: 6835: 6830: 6820: 6810: 6800: 6790: 6762: 6755: 6745: 6735: 6725: 6721:Wylie, J. A. 6715: 6703:. Retrieved 6693: 6681:. 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Retrieved 5608: 5599: 5588: 5581: 5571: 5564: 5553: 5546: 5536: 5529: 5519: 5512: 5501: 5494: 5485: 5481: 5457: 5450: 5438: 5426: 5421: 5386: 5373: 5358: 5353: 5341: 5336: 5324:. Retrieved 5319: 5295: 5290: 5284:(in French). 5280: 5273: 5263: 5256: 5246: 5239: 5228: 5221: 5209:. Retrieved 5194: 5187: 5182:. Claudiana. 5179: 5174: 5166: 5162: 5150:. Retrieved 5146: 5137: 5125:. Retrieved 5122:www.ccel.org 5121: 5112: 5100:. Retrieved 5097:www.ccel.org 5096: 5086: 5067: 5061: 5049:. Retrieved 5045: 5036: 5024:. Retrieved 5021:www.ccel.org 5020: 5011: 4999:. Retrieved 4995: 4986: 4974:. Retrieved 4970: 4948: 4941: 4921: 4890: 4884: 4872:. Retrieved 4869:www.ccel.org 4868: 4846: 4839:. Retrieved 4813: 4808: 4796: 4791: 4781: 4774: 4759: 4755: 4750: 4736: 4729: 4718: 4711: 4702: 4690:. Retrieved 4687:www.ccel.org 4686: 4677: 4668: 4662: 4652: 4642: 4635: 4623:. Retrieved 4613: 4608:25.2: 65–87. 4605: 4573: 4566: 4554:. Retrieved 4530:. Retrieved 4526: 4517: 4505:. Retrieved 4503:(in Spanish) 4495: 4483:. Retrieved 4476:the original 4463: 4451:. Retrieved 4447:the original 4437: 4428: 4420: 4419:E. Cameron, 4415: 4407: 4400:. Retrieved 4396: 4387: 4373: 4364: 4357:. Retrieved 4355:. New Advent 4352: 4320: 4252:Henri Arnaud 4197: 4180:Kleinvillars 4169: 4122: 4117:Neuhengstett 4091: 4071:Henri Arnaud 4068: 4051:Althengstett 4032: 4025: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4004: 4000: 3996:Lorenzo Snow 3989: 3960:Hunter, Utah 3941: 3922: 3894: 3887: 3864: 3816: 3810:to form the 3805: 3773: 3758: 3751: 3732: 3685: 3676:Jean Léger's 3671: 3660: 3656: 3641: 3615: 3598: 3592: 3568:Petrobusians 3553: 3534: 3529: 3523: 3510: 3508: 3497: 3485: 3479: 3336:Charismatics 3303:Pentecostals 3174: 3078: 2998:Ecclesiology 2993:Demographics 2911: 2896: 2871: 2856: 2841:Pope Francis 2834: 2799: 2780:in Uruguay, 2771: 2760: 2743: 2736: 2720: 2712: 2708: 2700:Henri Arnaud 2697: 2690: 2679: 2664: 2631: 2626: 2622: 2616: 2594: 2586: 2555: 2544: 2533: 2524: 2521:Italian Wars 2482: 2445: 2429: 2421: 2405: 2370: 2331: 2317: 2295: 2284: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2211: 2206: 2197: 2193: 2190: 2174: 2166: 2158: 2153:Henri Arnaud 2130: 2126: 2105: 2090: 2055: 2046: 2023: 2013: 2004: 1980: 1959:A denial of 1938: 1928: 1906: 1895:(1187); the 1892: 1890: 1885: 1871: 1865: 1839:, fostering 1826: 1808:to form the 1791: 1761: 1730: 1706:Cottian Alps 1702:Poor of Lyon 1701: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1624: 1620: 1618: 1553: 1552: 1534: 1533: 1504: 1485: 1474: 1467: 1456: 1449: 1433: 1422: 1415: 1404: 1397: 1385: 1379: 1372: 1371: 1278: 1277: 1272:Verse anthem 1267:Falsobordone 1177: 1126: 1125: 969: 968: 957: 956: 951:Beeldenstorm 909:Lutheran art 897: 831:Ferdinand II 818: 817: 742: 741: 541: 516:Menno Simons 451:Martin Bucer 316:Magisterials 311:Luther Bible 256:Berengarians 195: 167: 73:Theology of 41: 10910:Strigolniki 10899:Waldensians 10858:Peter Waldo 10741:400–1100 AD 10609:Anabaptists 10588:Plain dress 10563:Agape feast 10540:free church 10511:Memorialism 10273:Waldensians 10207:Catholicism 10144:Protestants 10138:Evangelical 9813:39 Articles 9808:Elizabethan 9785:Anglicanism 9765:Westminster 9675:Melanchthon 9638:Lutheranism 9603:Nicodemites 9581:Arminianism 9552:Reformation 9493:Bonaventure 9468:Inquisition 9463:Waldensians 9413:Investiture 9391:Kievan Rus' 9347:Anglo-Saxon 9327:Pelagianism 9319:Middle Ages 9242:Iconodulism 9117:Thomas More 9038:Catholicism 8960:Monasticism 8943:Constantine 8868:Persecution 8826:Adoptionism 8811:Ante-Nicene 8754:Holy Spirit 8737:Crucifixion 8708:Origins and 8609:2nd and 3rd 8453:Americanism 8428:Lutheranism 8418:Arminianism 8398:Josephinism 8388:Gallicanism 8355:Waldensians 8257:Middle Ages 8206:Pelagianism 8196:Novatianism 8092:Manichaeism 8028:Anomoeanism 8013:Adoptionism 7613:(in German) 7571:26 February 7549:26 February 7528:22 December 7464:22 December 7347:22 December 7115:26 February 6942:26 February 6705:26 February 6683:26 February 6618:26 February 6471:25 February 6417:"Waldenses" 6379:25 February 6335:"Waldenses" 6132:14 February 6026:26 February 5985:26 February 5929:16 November 5744:17 February 5681:29 February 5605:"Waldenses" 5506:(in Latin). 5326:26 February 5316:"Waldenses" 5127:11 November 5051:10 November 4799:, 1888, pp. 4740:. pp. 4625:26 February 4556:26 February 4393:"Waldenses" 4349:"Waldenses" 4293:Val Pellice 4241:Peter Waldo 4209:Peter Waldo 4153:Bad Homburg 4141:Württemberg 4087:Schönenberg 3964:Ogden, Utah 3797:Montbéliard 3793:Ludwigsburg 3759:During the 3679: [ 3666:Kulturkampf 3611:Middle Ages 3572:Pasaginians 3541:Landmarkism 3504:Constantine 3489:John Milton 3381:High church 3351:Convergence 3293:Keswickians 3221:Anabaptists 3192:Continental 3175:Waldensians 3128:John Wesley 3103:Arminianism 3098:John Calvin 3057:Magisterial 3052:Reformation 2863:John Calvin 2830:Valdo Spini 2727:L'Hermitage 2639:John Milton 2424:Reformation 2418:Reformation 2358:persecution 2298:Vigilantius 2244:Inzabbatati 2236:Insabbatati 2216:heresiarchs 2133:Peter Waldo 1915:Inquisition 1857:Peter Waldo 1771: [ 1741:Franciscans 1718:Peter Waldo 1621:Waldensians 1529:Rationalism 1338:Cyclic mass 1006:Anglo-Irish 977:Elizabethan 932:English art 923:Swedish art 682:Elizabeth I 595:Czech Lands 590:Netherlands 566:Switzerland 555:By location 542:Many others 446:John Calvin 196:Waldensians 192:Peter Waldo 155:Reformation 98:Peter Waldo 79:John Calvin 75:Peter Waldo 60:Orientation 29:Waldensians 11193:Categories 11112:Literature 10894:Arnoldists 10636:Hans Denck 10616:Felix Manz 10329:Mennonites 10319:Hutterites 10256:Background 10249:Anabaptism 9929:Revivalism 9850:Anabaptism 9798:Henry VIII 9623:Literature 9247:Iconoclasm 9227:Chrysostom 9180:Vatican II 9146:Jansenists 9132:Mass rocks 9068:Lateran IV 8987:Athanasius 8907:Tertullian 8851:Marcionism 8846:Gnosticism 8799:Revelation 8717:Background 8413:Anabaptism 8325:Josephines 8320:Impanation 8305:Henricians 8295:Fraticelli 8290:Dulcinians 8270:Bogomilism 8169:Modalistic 8164:Athinganoi 8144:Marcionism 8129:Iconoclasm 8117:Sethianism 8087:Gnosticism 6614:. Ewtn.com 6500:. p. 6427:28 January 6363:See also: 6345:28 January 5751:purgatory. 5614:5 November 5152:24 January 5001:22 January 4976:22 January 4848:Orthodoxy. 4816:, 1888, p. 4764:1885), pp. 4402:28 January 4359:28 January 4304:References 4214:Arnoldists 4172:Wiernsheim 3925:New Jersey 3589:van Braght 3576:Anabaptist 3564:Paulicians 3386:Liberalism 3253:Methodists 3236:Mennonites 3231:Hutterites 3214:Continuing 3118:Dissenters 3018:Five Solas 3013:Theologies 2885:, and the 2867:consistory 2761:After the 2509:parliament 2354:Strasbourg 2271:Inquisitor 2212:Sandaliati 1996:holy water 1988:pilgrimage 1886:Rescriptum 1855:Statue of 1831:region of 1753:Protestant 1726:perfection 1505:Conclusion 987:Propaganda 970:Literature 232:Arnoldists 185:Precursors 11035:Utraquism 11030:Taborites 10956:Jan Žižka 10772:Ratramnus 10556:Practices 10405:Bruderhof 10095:Ecumenism 10045:Adventism 10035:Mormonism 9971:Millerism 9966:Methodism 9921:1640–1789 9823:Civil War 9770:Orthodoxy 9725:Huguenots 9707:Calvinism 9692:Eucharist 9687:Orthodoxy 9571:Eucharist 9503:Five Ways 9453:Dulcinian 9406:Pomerania 9332:Gregory I 9176:Vatican I 9166:Modernism 9151:Molinists 9141:Guadalupe 9012:Chalcedon 9007:Ephesus I 8997:Augustine 8873:Apostolic 8856:Montanism 8821:Diversity 8597:Centuries 8483:Mormonism 8478:Modernism 8463:Feeneyism 8445:Modernity 8423:Calvinism 8403:Pantheism 8393:Jansenism 8350:Taborites 8340:Pasagians 8335:Migetians 8310:Humiliati 8280:Catharism 8265:Arnoldism 8186:Montanism 8107:Naassenes 8077:Ebionites 8045:Audianism 8005:Antiquity 7875:Waldenses 7856:Gutenberg 7840:(c.1860) 7454:193621954 7440:: 40–44, 6855:insabbati 6776:cite book 6020:"Janavel" 5947:(1996) . 5892:Francis I 5720:Compare: 5405:0031-2746 5211:11 August 4232:Hussitism 4188:Maulbronn 4157:Oberweser 4102:Huguenots 3939:in 1670. 3883:Argentina 3789:Maulbronn 3607:apostolic 3585:Mennonite 3551:onwards. 3521:in 1184. 3515:Lucius II 3391:Mainlines 3361:Ecumenism 3325:Movements 3278:Adventist 3209:Anglicans 3182:Lutherans 2983:Criticism 2893:Influence 2853:Calvinism 2790:Argentina 2739:Balsiglia 2667:Louis XIV 2456:Neuchâtel 2248:Sabotiers 2228:Novellani 2149:Sylvester 2101:mysticism 1961:purgatory 1935:Teachings 1814:Argentina 1804:with the 1779:Calvinist 1737:heretical 1682:Vallenses 1625:Waldenses 1535:Monuments 1279:Liturgies 1258:Polyphony 1254:Homophony 1198:Hymn tune 1083:Icelandic 1064:Norwegian 826:Charles V 812:Criticism 496:John Knox 294:Beginning 242:Ratramnus 11048:Piagnoni 11025:Hussites 10904:Lollardy 10834:Tanchelm 10756:Jovinian 10593:Shunning 10526:Pacifism 10479:Theology 10187:Theology 10175:Missions 10170:Timeline 10142:Mainline 10090:Pacifism 9939:Baptists 9858:Theology 9818:Puritans 9793:Timeline 9735:Scotland 9663:Theology 9510:Wycliffe 9458:Crusades 9433:Bogomils 9386:Bulgaria 9342:Germanic 9294:Ethiopia 9192:Timeline 8970:Nicaea I 8965:Councils 8897:Irenaeus 8892:Ignatius 8887:Polycarp 8841:Donatism 8836:Docetism 8831:Arianism 8732:Ministry 8435:Quietism 8330:Lollardy 8315:Hussites 8154:Modalism 8082:Euchites 8055:Donatism 8050:Docetism 8023:Arianism 7955:Religion 7690:30 April 7665:30 April 7643:30 April 7243:30 April 7190:15 March 7158:website 7001:93, 132. 6914:Archived 6723:(1882). 6318:10 March 6284:10 March 6250:10 March 5857:30 April 5459:revocata 5102:7 August 4692:7 August 4485:23 March 4453:23 March 4366:poverty. 4263:Lollards 4203:See also 4165:Savoyard 4106:Ötisheim 3929:Delaware 3704:II, the 3288:Holiness 3248:Baptists 3187:Reformed 3170:Hussites 3158:Branches 3123:Puritans 2967:Concepts 2929:a series 2927:Part of 2818:Florence 2795:gianduja 2786:La Pampa 2686:Piedmont 2675:Dauphiné 2665:In 1685 2513:Provence 2501:Provence 2485:sedition 2401:Provence 2393:Piedmont 2389:Dauphiné 2350:heretics 2222:Doctores 2182:heretics 1874:(1180); 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