1458:
709:. The aim of the program was to raise public awareness both at a commune and district level. The distribution of information such as laws and support services available to victims and survivors were through media campaigns and informational meetings. This has shown to be of some success as in the 2014 national survey showed that 95% of the participants had the source of knowledge about domestic violence law derived from mass media.
694:
intervention such as offering shelter to the victim, mediating, as well as educating both parties in order to reduce domestic violence from reoccurring. Under
Article 16, the victim can file to the Courts for a Protection Order. Article 35, provided that the perpetrator can be charged under the Cambodian penal laws.
667:(Women's Law) had taught women in Cambodia to be subservient to men. Up until 2007 schools in Cambodia had taught the chbab to the young girls in regards to what was expected from them as a woman. Domestic violence in Cambodia has been identified as having increased in scope and intensity after Pol Pot's control.
693:
In 2005, Cambodia introduced the legislation called Law on the
Prevention of Domestic Violence and the Protection of Victims. In Article 1 of the statute, it provided that the aim was to prevent domestic violence and protect the victims. Article 13 provided some guidelines for authorities in terms of
749:
In terms of the prosecution of the perpetrators, almost 50% of those that had admitted to rape were arrested, while only 28.3% faced imprisonment and 44% did not face any legal consequences. A large number of rapists have escaped criminal liability due to the fact that the occurrence of compensatory
697:
However, under
Article 36, the victim can request for the charges to be dropped if the offences was “minor misdemeanors or petty crimes”. One of the issue with the domestic violence law in Cambodia is that it is seen as a luxury which women who are of a poor social economic background cannot afford.
785:
Currently there are 79 NGOs members. Their main mission is to establish independent reports on the progress of implementation of CEDAW. Also the
Cambodian Committee for Women (CAMBOW) was established in 2000 where their aim was to work alongside NGO CEDAW. CAMBOW is particularly focused on violence
728:
Rape is the most common and serious crime in
Cambodia. In a UN report released in 2013 showed that 1 in 5 men in Cambodia between the ages of 18 and 49 had admitted that they had raped a woman. A total of 15.8% of those who admitted to having committed a rape had done so when they were younger than
701:
In a 2014 study, it showed that 92% of men and 90% of women indicated that they had knowledge of domestic violence laws. However, the study also showed that there was still confusion in regards to women rights. This was because the survey showed that only 26% of the participants actually knew about
777:
in 1992. Non-Governmental
Organisations (NGOs) are currently playing an active role in implementing CEDAW in Cambodia. The different type of work that the NGOs have been involved with includes policy and law reforms, health services, gender sensitisation, non-formal education and rights awareness
745:
Legally, rape or an attempt to commit the act is a crime in
Cambodia. Rape has been defined as “any sexual act involving penetration carried out through cruelty, coercion or surprise”. The focus of the offence is not on the lack of consent, which means that the judges tend to look at elements of
670:
In 2008, the national survey showed that over one quarter of women in
Cambodia suffered from domestic violence. The traditional view that women are subservience and inferior makes the issue of domestic violence in Cambodia a complex issue. There is a common saying in Cambodia which expressed the
680:
Up until 2007, the Chbab was taught within school's curriculum for how women should behave. In a 2014 study, it was shown that the general attitude towards women to stay at home to take care of their children and husband was at 78%. One of the reasons for a woman to stay in a domestic violent
702:
women's right to equal justice and protection. In 2013, Cambodia's
Secretary of State for Ministry of Women's Affairs at the 57th Session of the Commission on the Status of Women issued a report in regards to Cambodia's efforts to tackle the issue of violence against women and girls.
684:
Generally the men are the predominant income earner in the household, this is extremely common for males in rural areas. 66% of participants in the 2014 survey believed that the wives should remain silent when domestic violence occurred in order to keep the family unit together.
736:
Bauk has been described as an activity amongst
Cambodian men as a means of male bonding. These young men would discuss and share their experiences with one another. Subsequently, Bauk has become a socially accepted form of recreation amongst young middle class Cambodian men.
698:
In terms of implementation of the domestic violence law there has been issues due to the economic dependence on the male as an income provider, so the women who may seek legal help then changes their mind due to this financial constraint.
520:
1639:
774:
706:
495:
750:
payments are made to either the victims or their family in return for waiving their right to complain to the authorities. Another issue with perpetrators not being held liable is due to the
1624:
1604:
1427:
1619:
746:
violence in order to convict. A failure to provide evidence of violence and a lack of medical evidence to support this has resulted in judges finding the penetration as consensual.
645:
officials in Cambodia and refugee camps in Thailand. Presently, there is still a number of different forms of exploitation and discrimination against women in Cambodia such as rape,
712:
In terms of the gap between domestic violence law within the country, there are several social and legal conditions which contribute to this. These factors includes: the structural
551:
677:(Women's Law) somewhat teaches women in Cambodia to be subservient to men. The chbab cautions about leaving girls unsupervised or giving them too much independence and freedom.
779:
546:
490:
661:
There is a tradition of subservience and inferiority of women to men that makes the issue of domestic violence in Cambodia a complex issue. The traditional code of conduct
1233:
1393:
931:
188:
716:, discriminatory attitudes of gender, customs and traditions which are detrimental rather than supportive of domestic violence laws, a weak system of upholding the
505:
960:
153:
1517:
705:
At a national level, Cambodia had developed the National Action Plan to Prevent violence against Women. One of the focus of the policy was to build on
602:
1386:
1027:
720:, and the inadequacy of financial as well as human resources to support the implementation and enforcement of domestic violence law training.
1137:
1417:
1310:
1737:
1578:
1717:
1379:
556:
500:
481:
1507:
1712:
1340:
472:
1732:
1512:
1442:
1237:
223:
754:
within the courts and police. Rapists who are from a wealthy background can bribe law enforcement agents to turn a blind eye.
1670:
1472:
1278:
983:
786:
against women in Cambodia and used education, training, research and documentation to promote and protect women's rights....
536:
1477:
1175:
803:
Brickell, Katherine (2008). "'Fire in the House' Gendered experiences of drunkenness and violence in Siem Reap, Cambodia".
595:
999:
Brickell, Katherine (2008). "Fire in the House' Gendered Experiences of Drunkenness and Violence in Siem Reap, Cambodia".
1660:
1583:
1563:
1538:
1727:
1502:
1422:
1093:
1644:
1614:
1599:
1543:
1522:
1437:
1432:
1068:
1040:
275:
1691:
1686:
1609:
1568:
1553:
1548:
1497:
1447:
111:
1634:
1629:
1558:
1492:
1487:
588:
391:
386:
23:
671:
status of inequality between men and women, “Men are gold and women are cloth”. The traditional code of conduct
1665:
1573:
1260:
302:
763:
510:
183:
778:
programs. In 1995 the Cambodian NGO Committee on CEDAW (NGO CEDAW) was established to support the Cambodian
1157:
576:
450:
381:
146:
1138:"Domestic Violence Law The gap between legislation and practice in Cambodia and what can be done about it"
1722:
116:
1457:
1190:
435:
328:
106:
1361:
1211:
430:
75:
1293:
773:
Cambodia ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
287:
253:
1318:
1402:
626:
571:
31:
1348:
1198:
445:
297:
265:
974:
Mustakova-Possardt, Elena; Lyunbansky, Mikhail; Oxenberg, Julie; Basseches, Michael (2014).
888:
Center for Development Information and Evaluation U.S. Agency for International Development
126:
8:
280:
248:
218:
208:
121:
856:
831:
541:
361:
270:
65:
733:. More than double the men in Cambodia admitted to gang rape in comparison to India.
1089:
1064:
1036:
979:
954:
861:
713:
650:
646:
617:
467:
399:
376:
168:
163:
131:
1371:
1012:
1008:
851:
843:
816:
812:
440:
425:
136:
633:
regime, women were exposed to several different violent acts against them such as
634:
561:
515:
462:
420:
410:
333:
292:
233:
203:
173:
80:
832:"Do Marriages Forget their Past? Marital Stability in Post Khmer Rouge Cambodia"
1158:"Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence and the Protection of Victims 2005"
323:
260:
238:
198:
141:
1706:
973:
941:. The Cambodian Committee of Women. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014
880:
55:
45:
1311:"Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women"
865:
371:
345:
338:
213:
847:
717:
642:
566:
405:
366:
318:
243:
228:
50:
932:"Violence Against Women: How Cambodian Laws Discriminate Against Women"
751:
673:
663:
85:
881:"Aftermath: Women and Women's Organizations in Postconflict Cambodia"
730:
193:
178:
90:
70:
622:
60:
630:
415:
1341:"The Cambodian NGO Committee on CEDAW (NGO-CEDAW) Shadow Report"
780:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
456:
1191:"Handbook for National Action Plans on Violence Against Women"
939:
Cambodian League for the Promotion and Defense of Human Rights
681:
relationship is because of the economic reliance on the man.
1279:"Why Some Men in Cambodia Don't Think Gang Rape is Gang Rape"
653:
as the country is recovering from the history of conflict.
638:
158:
976:
Toward a Socially Responsible Psychology for a Global Era
1176:"57th Session of the Commission on the Status of Women"
1025:
729:
15 years old. “Bauk” is the term used in Cambodia for
1401:
1086:
Asian American History and Culture: An Encyclopedia
154:
Post-assault treatment of victims of sexual assault
1058:
1029:A Fair Share for Women: Cambodia Gender Assessment
878:
879:Krishna, Kumar; Baldwin, Hannah; Benjamin, Judy.
768:
629:especially due to its past conflicts. During the
16:Public health issue of violent acts against women
1704:
1234:"UN Report Says 1 in 5 Cambodian Men have Raped"
1084:Ling, Huping; Austin, Allan (15 February 2010).
959:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1338:
829:
1387:
596:
1135:
1026:UNIFEM; World Bank; ADB; UNDP; DFID (2004).
740:
688:
1394:
1380:
1083:
603:
589:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1231:
978:(1 ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag.
855:
830:Heuveline, Patrick; Nunnak, Poch (2006).
1305:
1303:
1252:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1188:
1182:
1167:
1152:
1150:
1063:. New York: Springer. pp. 207–229.
1061:Toward a Socially Responsible Psychology
998:
823:
802:
1272:
1270:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
796:
1705:
1325:
1291:
1258:
1232:Henderson, Simon (11 September 2013).
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1054:
1052:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
1375:
1300:
1294:"Gang Rape Pervasive Across Cambodia"
1218:
1147:
1077:
1019:
967:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
897:
537:Prosecution of gender-targeted crimes
1267:
1236:. The Cambodia Daily. Archived from
872:
757:
656:
1292:Snyder, Rachel (16 February 2009).
1285:
1276:
1102:
1049:
992:
929:
13:
1738:Violence against women in Cambodia
1173:
1059:Mustakova-Possardt, Elena (2014).
894:
14:
1749:
1718:Violence against women by country
1339:NGO CEDAW; CAMBOW (9 June 2013).
1456:
1418:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1317:. United Nations. Archived from
1277:Loy, Irwin (13 September 2013).
1713:Human rights abuses in Cambodia
1136:Brickell, K; Prak, B; Poch, B.
1013:10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.04.002
817:10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.04.002
769:International legal mechanisms
1:
1259:Callan, Aela (8 March 2013).
789:
764:Human trafficking in Cambodia
482:International legal framework
577:Violence against LGBT people
451:Online gender-based violence
147:Violence against prostitutes
7:
10:
1754:
1733:Women's rights in Cambodia
761:
117:Sexual violence statistics
1728:Crime in Cambodia by type
1679:
1653:
1592:
1531:
1465:
1454:
1410:
436:Intimate partner violence
329:Female genital mutilation
107:Causes of sexual violence
741:National legal framework
689:National legal mechanism
723:
288:Secondary victimisation
112:Child sexual initiation
99:Sexual assault and rape
1403:Violence against women
1356:Cite journal requires
1206:Cite journal requires
627:violence against women
572:Violence against women
32:Violence against women
848:10.1353/dem.2006.0005
762:Further information:
625:has had a history of
446:Marry-your-rapist law
441:Marriage by abduction
298:Virgin cleansing myth
1518:United Arab Emirates
1261:"It's a Man's World"
621:is a serious issue.
431:Forced sterilisation
127:Cybersex trafficking
122:Forced prostitution
1281:. PRI's The World.
1240:on 10 January 2018
362:Narcissistic abuse
1723:Women in Cambodia
1700:
1699:
1189:UN Women (2012).
1143:. Royal Holloway.
985:978-1-4614-7390-9
758:Human trafficking
714:gender inequality
657:Domestic violence
651:human trafficking
647:domestic violence
618:women in Cambodia
616:Violence against
613:
612:
468:Toxic masculinity
400:Droit du seigneur
377:Domestic violence
132:Human trafficking
1745:
1680:Transcontinental
1460:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1373:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1344:
1336:
1323:
1322:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1194:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1154:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1133:
1100:
1099:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1034:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1007:(5): 1667–1675.
996:
990:
989:
971:
965:
964:
958:
950:
948:
946:
936:
927:
892:
891:
885:
876:
870:
869:
859:
827:
821:
820:
811:(5): 1667–1675.
800:
635:forced marriages
605:
598:
591:
426:Forced pregnancy
19:
18:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1675:
1649:
1588:
1527:
1461:
1452:
1406:
1400:
1370:
1369:
1357:
1355:
1346:
1345:
1337:
1326:
1321:on 3 July 2019.
1309:
1308:
1301:
1290:
1286:
1275:
1268:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1241:
1230:
1219:
1207:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1172:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1140:
1134:
1103:
1096:
1088:. M.E. Sharpe.
1082:
1078:
1071:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1032:
1024:
1020:
997:
993:
986:
972:
968:
952:
951:
944:
942:
934:
928:
895:
883:
877:
873:
828:
824:
801:
797:
792:
771:
766:
760:
743:
726:
691:
659:
609:
562:Sex and the law
542:Women's shelter
463:Sexual bullying
421:Forced marriage
411:Forced abortion
334:Gishiri cutting
303:Widow cleansing
293:Sexual violence
17:
12:
11:
5:
1751:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
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1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1640:United Kingdom
1637:
1632:
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1602:
1596:
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1590:
1589:
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1500:
1495:
1490:
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1324:
1299:
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1181:
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1101:
1095:978-0765680778
1094:
1076:
1069:
1048:
1041:
1018:
991:
984:
966:
930:Galabru, Kek.
893:
871:
822:
794:
793:
791:
788:
770:
767:
759:
756:
742:
739:
725:
722:
690:
687:
658:
655:
611:
610:
608:
607:
600:
593:
585:
582:
581:
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
531:
530:
529:Related topics
526:
525:
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523:
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369:
364:
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349:
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343:
342:
341:
336:
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324:Breast ironing
321:
313:
312:
308:
307:
306:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
284:
283:
278:
273:
268:
261:Sexual assault
258:
257:
256:
251:
249:Unacknowledged
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
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142:Sexual slavery
139:
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129:
119:
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109:
101:
100:
96:
95:
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88:
83:
78:
76:Pregnant women
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63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
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35:
34:
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27:
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1580:
1579:United States
1577:
1575:
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1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
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1479:
1476:
1474:
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1470:
1468:
1464:
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1424:
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1390:
1385:
1383:
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1363:
1350:
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1331:
1329:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1295:
1288:
1280:
1273:
1271:
1263:. Al Jazeera.
1262:
1255:
1239:
1235:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1213:
1200:
1192:
1185:
1177:
1170:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1139:
1132:
1130:
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1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
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1108:
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1097:
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981:
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904:
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849:
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842:(1): 99–125.
841:
837:
833:
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818:
814:
810:
806:
799:
795:
787:
783:
781:
776:
765:
755:
753:
747:
738:
734:
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1513:Saudi Arabia
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1349:cite journal
1319:the original
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1199:cite journal
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1174:Define, Sy.
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473:Witch trials
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372:Dating abuse
354:Other issues
346:Foot binding
339:Infibulation
169:By Deception
164:Acquaintance
1671:New Zealand
1508:Philippines
1473:Afghanistan
718:rule of law
643:Khmer Rouge
567:Victimology
547:25 November
406:Eve teasing
367:Gaslighting
319:Acid attack
66:Infanticide
51:Dowry death
1707:Categories
1478:Bangladesh
1405:by country
836:Demography
790:References
752:corruption
674:Chbab Srey
664:Chbab Srey
557:By country
552:6 February
387:management
276:In Service
234:Statistics
224:Prevention
174:Corrective
86:Sororicide
1661:Australia
1584:Venezuela
1564:Guatemala
1539:Argentina
731:gang rape
239:Statutory
219:Pregnancy
199:Genocidal
91:Uxoricide
71:Matricide
1532:Americas
1503:Pakistan
1483:Cambodia
1423:Ethiopia
1315:UN Women
1244:29 April
1001:Geoforum
955:cite web
945:22 April
866:16579210
805:Geoforum
623:Cambodia
521:Istanbul
61:Femicide
24:a series
22:Part of
1654:Oceania
1645:Ukraine
1625:Ireland
1615:Germany
1605:Belgium
1600:Belarus
1544:Bolivia
1523:Vietnam
1438:Nigeria
1433:Namibia
1428:Morocco
857:3930764
775:(CEDAW)
641:by the
631:Pol Pot
382:outline
254:Wartime
214:Marital
204:History
189:Factors
184:Effects
38:Killing
1692:Turkey
1687:Russia
1620:Greece
1610:France
1593:Europe
1569:Mexico
1554:Canada
1549:Brazil
1498:Israel
1448:Uganda
1411:Africa
1296:. NPR.
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649:, and
516:Maputo
457:Raptio
266:Campus
244:Threat
229:Prison
1635:Spain
1630:Italy
1559:Chile
1493:India
1488:China
1161:(PDF)
1141:(PDF)
1033:(PDF)
935:(PDF)
884:(PDF)
707:CEDAW
506:DEVAW
496:CEDAW
491:DEDAW
271:Child
1666:Fiji
1574:Peru
1466:Asia
1362:help
1246:2015
1212:help
1090:ISBN
1065:ISBN
1037:ISBN
980:ISBN
961:link
947:2015
890:: 5.
862:PMID
724:Rape
639:rape
637:and
501:VDPA
281:Mass
209:Laws
194:Gang
179:Date
159:Rape
81:Sati
1009:doi
852:PMC
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