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Vicente Lusitano

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1713: 1723: 272:, and has continued until our days with the modern publishing of motets like Regina coeli and Heu me Domine in 2012 by mpmp. In 2022, the music historian Joseph McHardy also made Lusitano's scores accessible in modern editions on the Internet, which allowed dozens of non-Portuguese-speaking choirs to perform and record his music. Previous recordings includes the anthology 256:
Up until the late 19th century, Lusitano was overlooked in English-language histories of music: sometimes omitted altogether, more often covered minimally. However, he has been studied by Portuguese musicologists like Maria Augusta Barbosa, who wrote a dissertation about him in 1977, originally in
222:. Lusitano was deemed to have won the debate and Vicentino was fined. In 1555 Vicentino published an account of the debate that was recognised as misleading. This went on to influence later composers and may be a factor in omission of Lusitano from subsequent works on early European composers. 195:
Introdvttione facilissima, et novissima, di Canto Fermo, Figvrato, Contrapon to semplice, et in concerto. Con Regole Generali per far fvghe differenti sopra il Canto Fermo, a ii, iii & iiii. voci, & compositioni, proportioni, generi. S. Diatonico, Cromotico,
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Brannon, Samuel J. Review of Chanter sur le livre à la Renaissance: Les traités de contrepoint de Vicente Lusitano ed. by Philippe Canguilhem. Notes, vol. 71 no. 4, 2015, p. 716-719. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/not.2015.0074.
100:. His books and manuscripts of his musical compositions survive and are dated. Lusitano was in Rome by 1551. From the dedication of one of his first works, it has been suggested that Lusitano was a tutor to the Portuguese 815:. Barbosa, Maria Augusta Alves (1977), Vicentius Lusitanus: ein portugiesischer Komponist und Musiktheoretiker des 16. Jahrhunderts, Lisboa, Secretaria de Estado da Cultura. Direcção Geral do Património Cultural. 237:). Musicologist Philippe Canguilhem stated that "the significance of Lusitano’s writings is that they show how central improvised counterpoint was to everyday musical life during the Renaissance". 104:, who also arrived in Rome in 1551 as ambassador to the Papal court. By 1561 he had married, converted to Calvinist Protestantism, and traveled to Germany. There is no record of him after 1561. 1291: 240:
Lusitano's music has been revived in recent years, for example by the Australian Chamber Choir in 2019 the Marian Consort in 2021 and Chineke! Voices in 2022. His motet
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Lusitano was notable during his lifetime for his work as a theorist. In a 1551 debate in Rome, he espoused traditional views on the role of the three genera in music (
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Lusitano, a Portuguese-language term for "Portuguese", appears to be a descriptive nickname rather than a family name. Little is known of his life. He was born in
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His works have been edited in modern editions by several Portuguese musicologists since at least 1952, when Manuel Joaquim first published Lusitano's madrigal
898: 813: 229:(Rome, 1553, plus reprints), contains an introduction to music, his views on the three genera, and uniquely, a systematic section on creating improvised 322:
Only in the 1960s and 70s was a 17th-century manuscript discovered describing him as "homem pardo", i.e., a mixed-race person with African origins.
681: 1777: 721: 1772: 80:, a Portuguese term indicating he was of mixed European and non-European heritage. It has been suggested that his mother may have been of 971: 1541: 1767: 943: 588: 257:
German and present until this day in Portuguese musicological investigation of the 16th century. Since the summer of 2020, when the
198:(Rome: Antonio Blado, 1553; Venice: Francesco Marcolini, 1558; Venice: Francesco Rampazetto, 1561). All three editions dedicated to 1752: 1536: 261:
movement re-ignited discussions about race in the United States, there has been a flurry of interest in Lusitano and his work.
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In the 16th century, composers were usually employed by the Church, but there is no evidence that he held such a salaried post.
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An anonymous manuscript on the art of singing (ca. 1551), attributed to Lusitano on stylistic grounds, and published as
442: 1556: 855:‘Um madrigal de Vicente Lusitano publicado no “Libro delle Muse”’, Gazeta musical, vol. II, n.Âș. 13–14 (1951), 13–14 1516: 1246: 964: 899:"Composer in the news: Vicente Lusitano, ahead of his time and ready for rediscovery Â» Early Music America" 1757: 1561: 1085: 997: 1747: 1216: 1173: 989: 45:. Some of his works on musical theory and a small number of compositions survive. Lusitano was for a time a 1526: 939: 1571: 835:
Nery, Rui Vieira (1984), A MĂșsica no Ciclo da Bibliotheca Lusitana, Lisboa, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.
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Introduttione facilissima, et novissima, di canto fermo, figurato, contraponto semplice, et inconcerto
1401: 1271: 766: 202:.This treatise was reportedly also translated into Portuguese by Bernardo da Fonseca (Lisbon, 1603). 1762: 1665: 1521: 696: 926:
Bonnie Blackburn: "Vicente Lusitano", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed January 6, 2006),
1696: 1454: 1429: 1128: 824: 111: 1726: 1703: 1680: 1675: 1311: 1286: 1196: 1075: 85: 81: 461:
Flandreau, Suzanne (1998). "Black Music in the Academy: The Center for Black Music Research".
1546: 1531: 1444: 1236: 332: 1191: 563:"Vicente Lusitano: Why was the first Black published composer just a footnote in histories?" 1787: 1782: 1321: 657: 88:, Lusitano came from Olivença, became a Catholic priest, and was employed as a teacher at 8: 1439: 1070: 199: 1123: 1118: 698:
Un tratado de canto de organo (siglo XVI), manuscrito en la Biblioteca Nacional de ParĂ­s
175:, a motet in a collective manuscript of motets and other sacred songs, compiled for the 1634: 1614: 1589: 1579: 1411: 1386: 1371: 1361: 1356: 1326: 1103: 1065: 1005: 675: 631: 480: 377: 258: 57: 1396: 1722: 1670: 1419: 1331: 1158: 1055: 980: 438: 162:, containing 23 motets for 5, 6, or 8 voices (Rome: Valerio & Luigi Dorico, 1551) 1020: 1594: 1424: 1346: 1301: 1256: 1226: 1181: 1148: 1143: 1108: 1050: 1025: 623: 472: 219: 165:"All’hor ch’ignuda d’herb’et fior la terra", a madrigal published in the anthology 134: 130: 1624: 1609: 1551: 1391: 1341: 1276: 1266: 1221: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1163: 1093: 1015: 1010: 744: 463: 211: 46: 875: 405: 1629: 1604: 1336: 1306: 1251: 1241: 1113: 1098: 1040: 1030: 864: 123: 846:. Day-long Conference dedicated to Vicente Lusitano in 2012 by CESEM/FCSH NOVA 659:
Books about Music in Renaissance Print Culture: Authors, Printers, and Readers
1741: 1584: 1470: 1376: 1366: 1261: 1153: 1138: 888:. Cançoes, Vilancicos, e Motettes Portugueses Séculos XVI-XVII, Sony Classics 234: 50: 789: 723:
Biographie universelle des musiciens et bibliographie generale de la musique
526: 1660: 1599: 1490: 1449: 1316: 1186: 1060: 826:. Acerca do motete “Heu me Domine” de Vicente Lusitano, Luís Henrique, 2018 230: 145: 101: 61: 38: 137:, who had died 30 years earlier. For example, he reworked des Prez' motet 1655: 1650: 1381: 1351: 1133: 1045: 1035: 84:
descent. According to a manuscript by the 17th-century Portuguese critic
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priest and taught in several Italian cities, but later converted to
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When he last appears in the historical record he was living in the
73: 34: 726:(2nd ed.). Paris: Librairie Firmin Didot FrĂšres. p. 379 93: 507:
Stevenson, Robert (1982). "The First Black Published Composer".
373:"A Black Composer's Legacy Flourishes 500 Years After His Birth" 122:
As a composer, Lusitano is known for his vocal works, including
60:. Since the 1980s, he has been described as the first published 1500: 662:. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. pp. 297–298 126: 89: 927: 274:
Cançoes, Vilancicos, e Motettes Portugueses Séculos XVI-XVII
589:"The great 16th-Century black composer erased from history" 97: 527:"Vicente Lusitano, the first published black composer" 435:
Revealing the African presence in Renaissance Europe
339:, published in Lisbon by Ignacio Rodrigues in 1752. 160:
Liber primus epigramatum que vulgo motetta dicuntur
148:Renaissance style of his time and place, include: 1739: 502: 500: 498: 496: 494: 399: 397: 395: 76:, likely around 1520. Lusitano is described as 603: 366: 364: 362: 360: 358: 356: 965: 877:. Modern score of Heu me Domine by mpmp, 2012 616:Journal of the American Musicological Society 491: 437:. Baltimore: Walters Art Museum. p. 24. 144:His compositions, composed in (or about) the 866:. Modern score of Regina Coeli by mpmp, 2012 649: 392: 276:, by Huelgas Ensemble, Sony Classics, 1994. 688: 612:"Vicente Lusitano: New Light on his Career" 456: 454: 353: 972: 958: 750: 680:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 183:Lusitano also wrote treatises. These are: 944:International Music Score Library Project 506: 460: 189:Un tratado de canto de Ăłrgano (siglo XVI) 586: 451: 428: 426: 403: 370: 218:) over more radical ones put forward by 560: 556: 554: 552: 550: 548: 546: 544: 542: 540: 1740: 432: 233:by setting new parts above or below a 979: 953: 719: 423: 152:"Heu me domine", a motet included in 1778:Portuguese people of African descent 537: 519: 371:Schumann, Garrett (5 January 2023). 200:Marc' Antonio Colonna, Duke of Marsi 1773:Portuguese male classical composers 609: 404:Schumann, Garrett (23 April 2020). 16:Portuguese composer (c. 1520–1561) 13: 747:. BibliothĂšque nationale de France 67: 14: 1799: 1768:16th-century Portuguese composers 933: 655: 331:Barreto's manuscript was used by 133:. In several works he references 1721: 1712: 1711: 1247:Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina 694: 587:Williams, Holly (14 June 2022). 561:McHardy, Joseph (16 June 2022). 266:All'hor ch'ignuda d'herb et fior 940:Free scores by Vicente Lusitano 891: 880: 869: 858: 849: 838: 829: 818: 807: 782: 759: 738: 713: 325: 56:He is believed to have been of 1753:Portuguese classical composers 580: 433:Spicer, Jonathan, ed. (2012). 316: 293:Inviolata, integra et casta es 173:Beati omnes qui timent Dominum 1: 990:List of Renaissance composers 767:"You are being redirected..." 346: 23: 701:. Madrid: LibrerĂ­a Gutenberg 251: 7: 656:Brannon, Samuel J. (2016). 509:Inter-American Music Review 10: 1804: 1620:Petrus Phalesius the Elder 1435:English Virginalist School 610:Stevenson, Robert (1962). 154:Tratado de canto de organo 1691: 1643: 1570: 1509: 1463: 1410: 1402:Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck 1285: 1172: 1084: 996: 987: 284: 167:Il primo libro delle muse 309: 279: 117: 1430:English Madrigal School 790:"Proms at Cadogan Hall" 1272:TomĂĄs Luis de Victoria 1076:Oswald von Wolkenstein 695:Collet, Henri (1913). 406:"Centuries of Silence" 268:at Portuguese Journal 169:(Venice: Scotto, 1562) 1758:Renaissance composers 1292:Transition to Baroque 1237:Pierre de Manchicourt 928:(subscription access) 333:Diogo Barbosa Machado 156:(ca. 1551; see below) 1748:People from Olivenza 1322:Girolamo Frescobaldi 1129:CristĂłbal de Morales 720:FĂ©tis, F.J. (1863). 337:Bibliotheca Luzitana 290:Praeter rerum seriem 248:have been recorded. 112:Duchy of WĂŒrttemberg 1440:Florentine Camerata 1412:Composition schools 1071:Gaspar van Weerbeke 903:Early Music America 299:Emendemus in melius 179:ducal court in 1562 86:Joao Franco Barreto 1635:Thomas Vautrollier 1615:Ottaviano Petrucci 1590:Pierre Attaingnant 1580:Hieronymus Andreae 1387:Michael Praetorius 1372:Claudio Monteverdi 1362:Giovanni de Macque 1357:Luzzasco Luzzaschi 1327:Alfonso Fontanelli 1217:Francisco Guerrero 1192:Antonio de CabezĂłn 1104:Thomas Crecquillon 1086:Middle (1470–1530) 1066:Johannes Tinctoris 1006:Alexander Agricola 921:Additional sources 378:The New York Times 259:Black Lives Matter 244:and 1562 madrigal 139:Inviolata, integra 1735: 1734: 1332:Giovanni Gabrieli 1159:Philippe Verdelot 1056:Johannes Ockeghem 998:Early (1400–1470) 981:Renaissance music 246:All’hor ch’ignuda 141:for more voices. 1795: 1725: 1715: 1714: 1595:Vittorio Baldini 1572:Music publishing 1347:Hans Leo Hassler 1302:Gregorio Allegri 1257:Cipriano de Rore 1232:Vicente Lusitano 1227:Orlando di Lasso 1182:Jacques Arcadelt 1149:Pierre de la Rue 1144:Josquin des Prez 1124:ClĂ©ment Janequin 1119:Antoine de FĂ©vin 1109:Antonius Divitis 1051:Johannes Martini 1026:Guillaume Du Fay 974: 967: 960: 951: 950: 914: 913: 911: 910: 895: 889: 884: 878: 873: 867: 862: 856: 853: 847: 842: 836: 833: 827: 822: 816: 811: 805: 804: 802: 800: 786: 780: 779: 777: 776: 770:www.auschoir.org 763: 757: 754: 748: 742: 736: 735: 733: 731: 717: 711: 710: 708: 706: 692: 686: 685: 679: 671: 669: 667: 653: 647: 646: 644: 642: 607: 601: 600: 598: 596: 584: 578: 577: 575: 573: 558: 535: 534: 523: 517: 516: 504: 489: 488: 458: 449: 448: 430: 421: 420: 418: 416: 401: 390: 389: 387: 385: 368: 340: 329: 323: 320: 220:Nicola Vicentino 135:Josquin des Prez 102:Lencastre family 32: 28: 25: 20:Vicente Lusitano 1803: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1794: 1793: 1792: 1763:Music theorists 1738: 1737: 1736: 1731: 1708: 1700: 1687: 1639: 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Index

Portuguese
music theorist
Renaissance
Catholic
Protestantism
mixed race
black
Olivença
African
Joao Franco Barreto
Padua
Viterbo
Rome
Lencastre family
Duchy of WĂŒrttemberg
Latin
motets
madrigal
Josquin des Prez
contrapuntal
Stuttgart
Marc' Antonio Colonna, Duke of Marsi
diatonic
chromatic
enharmonic
Nicola Vicentino
counterpoint
cantus firmus
Black Lives Matter
Diogo Barbosa Machado

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