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description of an individual fundamentally changing his principles to remain in ecclesiastical office as external requirements change around him. The religious upheavals in
England from 1533 to 1559 (and then from 1633 to 1715) made it impossible for any devout clergyman to comply with all the
276:. The incumbent during that period was Francis Carswell, vicar for 42 years, from 1667, who died in Bray in 1709. He was among very few clerics in England to minister to parishioners throughout such a long and fraught historical period, including the years after
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knack for tasteful ambiguity that precludes the vulgar dialectic of yes or no. "So, is it both/and or either/or, your Grace?" "Well, surely we must say it's both, mustn't we?" It's a talent developed to an art form in the
Anglican tradition."
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The vivacious vicar living under King Henry VIII, King Edward VI, Queen Mary, and Queen
Elizabeth, was first a Papist, then a Protestant, then a Papist, then a Protestant again. He had seen some martyrs burnt (two miles off) at
208:, which at the time was almost wholly rural and agrarian. An early textual source for the legend of a long-standing, resilient and pliable incumbent of the parish of Bray was provided by
420:. He successfully protects his parishioners by adopting a diplomatic approach during the turbulent events and secures forgiveness for moderate rebels from the restored Charles II.
149:, towards the end of this period and his contortions of principle in order to retain his ecclesiastic office despite the changes through the course of several monarchs from
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However, according to the facts of who held the benefice, the vicar alluded to by Fuller seems actually to have been two or more separate incumbents.
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Tannenbaum, Emmanuel and José F. Fontanari. "A quasispecies approach to the evolution of sexual replication in unicellular organisms",
343:. The most familiar version of the lyrics recount his adaptability (some would say amorality) over half a century, from the reigns of
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and an inconstant changeling, said, "Not so, for I always kept my principle, which is this – to live and die the Vicar of Bray."
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is named after the Vicar of Bray that attempts to explain why sexual reproduction might be favoured over asexual reproduction.
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whose initials were variously said to stand for "A Papist", "A Protestant" and "A Puritan", subject to the prevailing wind
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It seems that Bray's Tudor clerics set a precedent, and the commonest version of the song today is based on events in the
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Several other clerics inspired variants of the tradition and song, according to their location and date. They include:
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wooden-built ship. It was launched on 22 April 1841 by Robert Hardy.
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covers a later period in 18th-century history, while a film set in
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of the day in order to retain his position as vicar of Bray.
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First Things: A Monthly
Journal of Religion and Public Life
351:. Over this period, he embraced whichever form of liturgy,
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A film version of the tale was released in 1937 starring
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The parish alluded to in most versions of the song is
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
428:The Tower of Bray is also referred to in the song
249:was vicar of Bray in 1522-51 during the reigns of
216:. Fuller's account of the story runs as follows:
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521:. A Topographical Dictionary of England. Ed.
537:Thames history website. Retrieved 2015-01-03
339:", the eponymous vicar was the clergyman of
228:This vicar, being taxed by one for being a
601:. The Maritime Heritage Project. 2013-02-05
563:Wilson, David Sloan and Scott K. Gleeson.
412:as the vicar. In the film, the vicar (of
567:(1982) Society for the Study of Evolution
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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466:is the name of the last-known surviving
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320:(1606–1687), poet and politician.
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599:"The Vicar of Bray"
282:Glorious Revolution
238:Worthies of England
214:Worthies of England
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519:'Bray, St Michael'
565:A Big Book on Sex
548:The Vicar of Bray
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378:comic opera
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367:Comic opera
296:Dean of Ely
259:Simon Aleyn
132:Simon Aleyn
620:Categories
605:2019-12-07
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