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island's youth during the summer and on the 19th there is a balloon competition as part of “The Games” that take place in the Roman port all afternoon. The festival culminates in a day-long feast and religious procession on the 20th, when a statue of Saint
Candida, placed on a flower adorned boat, exits the church, and is carried around the island's narrow streets on the shoulders of eight men. As with all events during the festival, the band plays and firecrackers and fireworks are set off continuously. The celebrations end with two fireworks displays.
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birds arrive daily from North Africa's coasts after having flown 400 – 500 km non-stop. The
Pontian Archipelago offers the first chance to stop after the prolonged flight and, due to the tiny size of Ventotene, the concentration of birds of numerous species is extremely high. The exhausted birds rest and feed frenetically quite indifferent to human presence, allowing birdwatchers to observe and photograph them as in few other places in Italy.
1916:
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924:(prisoners), can be visited on guided tours. The name derives from the convicts who were sent to the island in the late 18th century to build the present village and were housed in the by then empty reservoir. The walls of the galleries are covered with graffiti, inscriptions and drawings from various centuries, but particularly from the convicts who drew images of houses and nature to remember places they were never to see again.
1928:
827:
1027:. The information at the museum is based on 20 years of the observatory's research and monitoring, and explains how, where and why birds migrate as they do and the importance of bird ringing. There are real-sized models of many of the species which use Ventotene as a stopover. During the spring and autumn migration, visitors can go along and watch while birds are weighed, measured and ringed.
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fishing was banned in 1997. There are also guided tours to see Roman amphorae from ships sunk 2000 years ago and the large steamer Santa Lucia, which was sunk during World War II, resulting in nearly 100 dead. It lies at a depth of about40 m (130 ft). There is also a lot to be seen with the use of snorkeling gear at only a few meters depth around the island and its beaches.
1904:
724:, who was tactical commander of the Beach Jumpers; a group that used all forms available of deception to deceive the enemy, and commando-trained. The paratroopers met with a local exile from the Italian mainland who then lied to the German commander that there was a regiment of paratroopers on the island, deposited by a fleet of
955:
This involved the architecture of institutional buildings to allow all prison cells to be observed by a single unseen security guard, who may or may not be present, giving them the sensation of being constantly watched. The prison is an attractive large three-story building with 99 cells in the shape
863:
has been subject to systematic plundering and senseless excavations. However, excavations have revealed thermal baths, servants’ quarters, courtyards, water reservoirs and passages to the sea. The imperial summer residence has become known as Villa Giulia as it became the place of exile of
Augustus's
893:
At the foot of the lighthouse are the remnants of the Roman fishery excavated in the rock, consisting of three pools, one outside and two in rooms with arched roofs where fragments of decorated plaster and stuccoes remain. A sophisticated system of canals and shutters, devised for water exchange and
884:
The Roman port, which is still in use, was built to support emperor
Augustus’ summer residence, as there was no natural harbour on the island. It was entirely excavated in the rock banks and about 60,000 m (2,100,000 cu ft) were removed to create a port with a narrow, protected inlet.
808:
Ventotene is a well-known birdwatching location as the island serves as an essential stopover point for large numbers of migratory birds. The bird observatory, which was founded in 1988, rings approximately 20,000 birds a year. During the height of the spring migration in April and May, thousands of
1052:
of the island's patron saint, Saint
Candida, takes place on 20 September, but the festivities start ten days beforehand with the daily launch of a hot air balloon accompanied by a marching band. The decorated paper balloons, a type of giant sky lantern up to 10 m in height, are constructed by the
991:
The
Archaeological Museum of Ventotene is located on the ground floor of the Bourbon castle, seat of the Town Council. It contains finds from the island, the seabed and the wreckages of Roman ships around the island, as well as a large model of the island during the Augustan age with the Imperial
791:
Ventotene is a popular destination for scuba divers due to its clear, warm waters and variety of marine life. Several diving centres take divers of all levels of competency to nearby destinations to see caves filled with prawns, or swim among fish which have become rather unafraid of people since
919:
As
Ventotene has never had an adequate supply of fresh water, several enormous cisterns to collect rainwater were built in Roman times in the central parts of the island. They were excavated in the rock to a depth of approximately 10 m and consist of a system of vaulted roof tunnels, galleries,
779:
Ventotene and Santo
Stefano are both part of a nature reserve created in 1999 in order to preserve the ecological, geomorphological and naturalistic-environmental characteristics and to promote activities compatible with the conservation of the reserve's natural resources. This means that new
611:
in 2 BC as a reaction to her notorious adultery and where he could easily keep an eye on her. Augustus had two villas on the island but Julia was probably sent to the Villa Giulia located on the Punta d'Eolo on the north of the island, with all the facilities of an imperial retreat.
812:
The bird observatory is part of PPI (Progetto
Piccole Isole), a project which has studied the bird migration across the Mediterranean since 1988 at 46 sites in seven countries. The results of these studies led to the creation of the Ventotene Bird Migration Museum in 2006.
885:
It is approximately180 m (590 ft) long by85 m (279 ft) at its widest and3 m (9.8 ft) deep. The quayside was lined by storerooms and depots hewn from the rock, nowadays converted to bars, restaurants, shops and diving centres.
971:, the anarchist who killed King Umberto I in 1900 and was imprisoned there for a year before being hanged in his cell by his jailers. During the Fascist regime, many antifascists were locked up at Santo Stefano, including the future President of Italy,
992:
residence and connected structures, such as the port and other villas. Unfortunately, all statues from Villa Giulia have disappeared or been sold in indiscriminate plundering over the centuries, and all that remains is a marble head bust of emperor
728:
ships. Terrified, the German commander demolished his positions, weapons, and quickly surrendered to the weaker
American force before realizing his mistake. Ventotene was liberated at 03:00 without a shot being fired. The story is reported by
584:, as in the island's name, meaning wind in Italian, is apt to describe the prominent weather condition for this small island far out at sea. The temperature never drops below 0 °C (32 °F).
607:, terraces, gardens, an exedra and aqueducts, and which remained thereafter an imperial property. It is now known as the Villa Giulia as it was possibly the place to which he banished his daughter
894:
the transfer of fish from one compartment to another, ensured a constant supply of many kinds of fresh fish to the imperial household, all year round and in all weather conditions.
847:
had a summer palace built on the island, which at the time was private property. The remnants of the huge complex of over 3,000 m (32,000 sq ft), which included
999:
In July 2009, archaeologists announced the discovery of a "graveyard" of five ancient Roman ships in the deep waters off Ventotene, with their pristine cargoes of olive oil,
93:
1740:
1148:
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The fishery is best viewed from the water, swimming with snorkeling gear, as the sea level today is about a metre (1 yard) higher than when it was constructed.
627:), became emperor in 37 AD, he went to Pandataria to collect her remains and reverently brought them back to Rome. Agrippina the Elder's youngest daughter,
535:
The island, the remains of an ancient volcano, is elongated, with a length of 3 kilometres (2 miles) and a maximum width of about 800 metres (2,600 feet).
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The marine reserve, which covers a 10 km long coastal area, is divided into three zones with varying degrees of protection and permitted activities.
1350:
Sarah T. Cohen, "Augustus, Julia and the Development of Exile "Ad Insulam"", The Classical Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 58, No. 1 (May, 2008), pp. 206–217
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on the nearby island of Santo Stefano. There, up to 700 opponents, including 400 communists, were incarcerated between 1939 and 1943. One of them was
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Sometime later, Julia Livilla was discreetly starved to death and her remains were probably brought back to Rome when her older sister
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601:(r. 31 BC - 14 AD) who had a huge summer palace built on the island in the early part of his reign, including extensive
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623:, who perished, probably of malnutrition, on 18 October 33 AD. After Agrippina the Elder's son Gaius, (better known as
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1007:, in which foods were ground or mashed. Some of the recovered objects were immediately placed on view at Ventotene.
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Italy's only bird migration museum can be found at the high, southern end of the island in a building called
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948:, the English philosopher, jurist and social reformer, and his concept of the ideal prison he named
1946:
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1312:"Proximal facies of a caldera forming eruption: the Parata Grande Tuff at Ventotene Island (Italy)"
1249:
838:
1878:
1437:"Renzi, Hollande and Merkel head to birthplace of European project to map out post-Brexit future"
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556: mi) to the east, which was the site of a massive prison, now closed. Further islands are
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slipped into Ventotene's harbour undetected and offloaded 46 American paratroopers from the
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1995:
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264:
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662:, was banished to Pandateria in 62 AD and then executed on the orders of her husband.
2188:
1554:
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Annamaria Perrotta; Claudio Scarpati; Lisetta Giacomelli; Anna Rita Capozzi (1996).
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provided by the ferry company Laziomar. This is supplemented by summer services to
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1077:. During the summer months, SNAV also operates routes between Ventotene and
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1932:
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and metal ingots. One ship carried a full load of a kind of dish called a
635:
for plotting to depose him, and the second time by her uncle, the emperor
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2083:
2078:
1639:. Translated by Wright, Nicole Jane. Rome, Italy: Guido Guidotti Editore.
1531:
860:
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became influential as Claudius' wife. Another distinguished lady of the
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with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters that tend to be very windy.
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The island is connected by a daily ferry and hydrofoil service to
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Ventotene, like all the Pontine Islands, was owned by the Emperor
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2005:
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1360:
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of a horseshoe and a watchtower at the centre of the courtyard.
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631:, was exiled to Pandateria twice: the first time by her brother
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2103:
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1082:
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A guide to the Ventotene Migration Museum and Bird Observatory
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Many famous political prisoners have spent time here, such as
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was completed in 1797 with a design based on the theories of
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235:
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buildings cannot be erected, and reconstruction is limited.
2113:
1553:(in Italian). Pisa, Italy: Pacini Editore SpA. p. 10.
659:
490:
478:
1825:
1807:
1464:"Riserva Naturale Statale Isole di Ventotene e S. Stefano"
1396:
1039:
Launch of a hot air balloon at the Santa Candida festival
697:", promoting the idea of a federal Europe after the war.
1434:
1370:
538:
The municipality includes the small ancillary island of
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station. On the night of 8 December 1943, an American
1892:
1154:
The zig-zag ramp leading from the port to the village
859:, can be seen at Punto Eolo. Over the centuries, the
503:, 46 kilometres (25 nautical miles) off the coast of
1226:
The ancient portico at Porto Romano, the Roman port
484:
1852:‘Tiny, charming island offers taste of pure Italy’
1202:Field of the lentils for which the island is famed
920:basins and corridors. One of these, known as the
804:Birds being released from nets, ready for ringing
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444:
26:
911:
568:, located 40 km (25 mi) to the west.
1414:
1317:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
2032:
1954:
1637:Ventotene e S. Stefano (English transalation)
1435:Nick Squires; Peter Foster (22 August 2016).
1214:View over Ventotene and the Bird Observatory
1166:Hot air balloon at the Santa Candida festival
982:Emperor Tiberius at the Archaeological Museum
754:on Ventotene, to lay a wreath at the tomb of
45:
986:
936:The courtyard of the prison at Santo Stefano
821:
742:In August 2016, then-Italian Prime Minister
1190:A golden oriole during the spring migration
458:
2039:
2025:
1961:
1947:
1548:
762:policy in the light of the then-impending
527:) had 708 permanent residents as of 2008.
1583:. Rome, Italy: Darwin SocietàCooperativa.
1551:Ventotene sott'acqua con pinne e maschera
1341:Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, §P500.16
1043:
1019:The Bird Observatory and Migration Museum
875:The Roman port with a mooring on the left
704:, the island served as home to a 114-man
693:who wrote there a text now known as the "
2255:Municipalities of the Province of Latina
1749:. PBS. November 15, 2010. Archived from
1634:
1289:W. Pape; Gustav Eduard Benseler (1884).
1114:View towards the island of Santo Stefano
1034:
1009:
977:
963:, the most important brigand during the
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899:
870:
843:In the early part of his reign, emperor
825:
799:
658:, who was the first wife of the emperor
519:. The municipality of Ventotene, of the
1410:
1408:
1073:on the mainland, and the nearby island
927:
98:Ventotene within the Province of Latina
2242:
1735:
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1292:Wörterbuch der griechischen Eigennamen
720:, led by naval lieutenant (and actor)
2020:
1942:
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1482:"AMP Isole di Ventotene e S. Stefano"
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904:Wall paintings at the reservoir the
681:A prison camp was created under the
676:
1968:
1730:
1385:
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669:, the granddaughter of the emperor
280:1.54 km (0.59 sq mi)
13:
1854:, cnn.com/travel, October 6, 2008.
1772:"Festa Patronale di Santa Candida"
1613:
1567:
1238:Il Pozillo, part of the Roman port
718:509th Parachute Infantry Battalion
639:, at the instigation of his wife,
14:
2296:
1840:
1635:De Rossi, Giovanni Maria (1995).
1102:Ventotene and the Pontine Islands
975:. The prison was closed in 1965.
879:
795:
783:
774:
665:This is also the island to which
619:banished Augustus' granddaughter
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126:
1926:
1914:
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1713:"Ancient Roman shipwrecks found"
1295:(in German). F. Vieweg. p.
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1532:"Santa Lucia (nave ambulanza)"
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764:British withdrawal from the EU
139:Location of Ventotene in Italy
1:
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1695:"Museo Storico Archeologico"
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996:, on display in the museum.
940:The prison on the island of
530:
507:right at the border between
491:
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7:
2275:Pleistocene stratovolcanoes
1830:SNAV Collegamenti Marittimi
1243:
1081:, as well as the island of
1014:A wood warbler being ringed
10:
2301:
1847:Ventotene official website
1651:"Carcere di Santo Stefano"
1549:Lambertini, Marco (2007).
1088:
1030:
836:
750:and then-French President
587:
571:
485:
468:
2250:Cities and towns in Lazio
2064:
1976:
987:The Archaeological Museum
833:farm area of Villa Giulia
822:The Ruins of Villa Giulia
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309:500/km (1,300/sq mi)
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184:
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103:
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2270:Stratovolcanoes of Italy
1874:Global Volcanism Program
1601:(in Italian). April 2007
1579:Spina, Fernando (2000).
1250:List of islands of Italy
851:, terraces, gardens, an
839:Villa Giulia (Ventotene)
576:Ventotene has a typical
25:
1879:Smithsonian Institution
685:and restructured under
445:
27:
1677:"Santo Stefano Island"
1044:Santa Candida Festival
1040:
1015:
983:
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805:
459:
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288:18 m (59 ft)
46:
16:Comune in Lazio, Italy
2285:Roman villas in Italy
2194:Santi Cosma e Damiano
2179:Roccasecca dei Volsci
1514:"Comune di Ventotene"
1038:
1013:
981:
935:
903:
874:
829:
803:
722:Douglas Fairbanks Jr.
648:Agrippina the Younger
578:Mediterranean climate
542:, located 2 km (
437:[ventoˈtɛːne]
342: • Summer (
204:40.79750°N 13.43000°E
106:Location of Ventotene
1858:Ventotene: An Island
1741:"Lost Ships of Rome"
1421:Once There Was a War
1270:Santo Stefano lizard
1260:Santo Stefano Island
928:Santo Stefano Prison
736:Once There Was A War
667:St. Flavia Domitilla
306: • Density
1808:"Laziomar homepage"
1776:Comune di Ventotene
1746:Secrets of the Dead
1699:Comune di Ventotene
1255:Ventotene Manifesto
965:Italian unification
912:The cistern of the
695:Ventotene Manifesto
621:Agrippina the Elder
200: /
57:Comune di Ventotene
2280:Pleistocene Europe
2265:Province of Latina
2089:Cisterna di Latina
2058:Province of Latina
1496:"Zonizzazione AMP"
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615:In 29 AD, emperor
521:province of Latina
298: • Total
277: • Total
260: • Mayor
209:40.79750; 13.43000
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2189:San Felice Circeo
2014:
2013:
1862:The Global Herald
1655:Italian Knowledge
1560:978-88-7781-897-3
1536:Italian Knowledge
1500:Riserva Ventotene
1468:Riserva Ventotene
752:François Hollande
677:Twentieth Century
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373:Dialing code
175:Show map of Lazio
172:Ventotene (Lazio)
142:Show map of Italy
68:View of Ventotene
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1972:
1970:Pontine Islands
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1937:
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1599:Liguriabirding
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1502:. 2 June 2009.
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1884:14 September
1882:. Retrieved
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1755:. Retrieved
1751:the original
1744:
1721:. Retrieved
1707:
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1659:. Retrieved
1657:(in Italian)
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1446:. Retrieved
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1326:. Retrieved
1322:the original
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702:World War II
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664:
645:
643:, in 41 AD.
614:
602:
596:
593:Roman Empire
581:
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534:
428:
427:
408:September 20
395:Patron saint
83:Coat of arms
2084:Castelforte
2079:Campodimele
1869:"Ventotene"
1864:, July 2011
1790:"Ventotene"
1661:29 February
1605:29 February
1595:"Ventotene"
1050:celebration
1025:Il Semaforo
889:The Fishery
817:Main sights
770:Environment
758:and review
399:St. Candida
362:Postal code
319:Ventotenesi
207: /
2244:Categories
2174:Roccagorga
1757:2010-11-19
1723:2010-11-19
1392:The Annals
1372:1.53
1366:The Annals
1328:2010-12-18
1276:References
951:Panopticon
492:Pandatōría
486:Πανδατωρία
480:Pandatería
469:Πανδατερία
460:Pandateria
455:Pandataria
446:Vientutene
293:Population
265:Civic list
255:Government
195:13°25′48″E
192:40°47′51″N
35:Neapolitan
28:Vientutene
2229:Ventotene
2224:Terracina
2214:Sperlonga
2199:Sermoneta
2001:Ventotene
1986:Palmarola
1909:Geography
1794:Italpedia
1681:Knowledge
1518:Italpedia
1448:23 August
1140:Cala Nave
1071:Terracina
1057:Transport
1005:mortarium
922:Carcerati
914:Carcerati
906:Carcerati
868:in 2 BC.
864:daughter
857:aqueducts
671:Vespasian
654:dynasty,
641:Messalina
562:Palmarola
531:Geography
474:romanized
429:Ventotene
405:Saint day
325:Time zone
285:Elevation
166:Ventotene
133:Ventotene
23:Ventotene
2184:Sabaudia
2164:Prossedi
2159:Priverno
2149:Pontinia
2134:Minturno
2074:Bassiano
1812:Laziomar
1717:BBC News
1418:(1958).
1244:See also
994:Tiberius
845:Augustus
683:Bourbons
637:Claudius
633:Caligula
625:Caligula
617:Tiberius
599:Augustus
513:Campania
433:Italian:
243:Province
2209:Sonnino
2069:Aprilia
2056:of the
2050:·
2006:Zannone
1921:Islands
1895:Portals
1387:Tacitus
1361:Tacitus
1089:Gallery
1031:Culture
849:thermae
714:PT boat
700:During
604:thermae
588:History
572:Climate
566:Zannone
551:⁄
499:in the
476::
442:locally
413:Website
389:059033
315:Demonym
220:Country
2129:Maenza
2124:Lenola
2119:Latina
2104:Formia
2053:Comuni
1557:
1083:Ischia
1079:Naples
1063:Formia
967:, and
853:exedra
726:Allied
706:German
248:Latina
231:Region
48:Comune
31:
2204:Sezze
2154:Ponza
2144:Norma
2109:Gaeta
2099:Fondi
2048:Lazio
1991:Ponza
1933:Italy
1142:Beach
1075:Ponza
1067:Anzio
1001:garum
861:villa
831:Domus
710:radar
582:Vento
558:Ponza
525:Lazio
517:Italy
509:Lazio
505:Gaeta
483:, or
451:Latin
383:ISTAT
366:04031
351:UTC+2
330:UTC+1
236:Lazio
224:Italy
2114:Itri
2094:Cori
1981:Gavi
1886:2016
1663:2020
1607:2020
1555:ISBN
1450:2016
1297:1121
1138:The
1069:and
1048:The
855:and
660:Nero
564:and
511:and
385:code
377:0771
355:CEST
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250:(LT)
1860:in
733:in
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334:CET
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