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According to InChem,”high toxicity of endrin can cause acute environmental problems when there are uncontrolled discharges during its manufacture, formulation or use.” InChem also recommends that “The manufacture, formulation, agricultural use, and disposal of endrin should be carefully managed to
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Although there are no long-term effects on human health directly linked to Endrin, its ability to create temporary illness caused the substance to be banned from being used as an insecticide and eventually the production of Endrin altogether within the United States. Because of the potentially
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Endrin can be exposed to humans by inhalation, skin absorption, or ingestion. There are many adverse health effects that are associated with Endrin. According to the CDC, several studies have shown that people exposed to high levels of Endrin experience convulsions, jerking of legs and arms,
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Endrin has minimal effect on soil, however from the
Velsicol Chemical Corporation handbook, Endrin is “toxic to fish and wildlife” and it is recommended that Endrin is “kept out of lakes, streams and ponds”. Endrin is meant to be properly handled. The recommendations by Vesicol are “do not
435:. The colorless and odorless crystalline solid is dissolved in a liquid for pesticide use against rodents, insects, and birds. The compound is widely regarded as an environmental hazard, showing acute toxicity in humans and severe toxicity in animals, specifically aquatic wildlife as well.
319:. In 1973, a packaging error at the plant resulted in several thousand pounds of PBBs contaminating cattle feed which was later fed to animals across Michigan. When the error was finally recognized, all the cattle in the state were culled. This error led directly to
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United states vs. Velsicol
Chemical Corp. The civil court imposed a $ 30,000 penalty on Velsicol on August 31, 1978, for more than 300 violations of the NPDES permit which restricts the releases of pesticides endrin and more into sewage.
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sites in
America. In 2014, the neighborhood around the plant was found to be contaminated with DDT, presumably by Velsicol decades before, prompting the removal and replacement of soil at 96 residential properties.
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gave a lecture that mentioned how
Velsicol had handled information about the cancer-causing properties of the two pesticides. Velsicol contacted the director of the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science (now
300:), where Coulter worked, about the lecture. Coulter lost his job in early 1980. In a later court hearing, however, none of the reasons that were given for the dismissal were found to be substantiated.
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harmful adverse effects of Endrin on human health and wildlife, the chemical was officially banned on
October 10, 1984. However production of Endrin wasn’t canceled until 1991 in the United States.
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twitching facial muscles, sudden collapse, or even death. Studies have also shown that animals who have eaten and breathed the same high levels of endrin had very similar health effects as humans.
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796:"Analysis of human urine for a metabolite of endrin by chemical oxidation and gas-liquid chromatography as an indicator of exposure to endrin"
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283: – featured prominently within it. Subsequently, these pesticides were banned. At the time, Velsicol threatened legal action against
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327:, which "remains one of the most controversial regulatory bills ever passed". The site of the St. Louis plant is one of the costliest
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contaminate water”. In case fish kills, fish must be collected promptly and disposed of by buna”.
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649:"Leading Chemical Company | Manufacture, Distribution & Sales | Velsicol Chemical, LLC"
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Leading
Chemical Company | Manufacture, Distribution & Sales | Velsicol Chemical, LLC
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is a solid organochlorine pesticide developed by
Velsicol with the molecular formula of
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This is taken from the introduction of the book, which can be found online here:
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was first published, Velsicol was the sole manufacturer of two pesticides –
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minimize contamination of the environment, particularly surface waters.
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In 2005, Velsicol was acquired by the private equity firm
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519:, Henry Holt and Company, New York, 1997, pp. 416-419.
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
490:https://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/86is/introduction.html
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355:. Arsenal still owns Velsicol. They began selling
339:, who, in 2007, re-branded the unit manufacturing
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794:Baldwin, Michael K.; Hutson, David H. (1980).
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563:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
27:American chemical company based in Illinois
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567:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
956:United States manufacturing company stubs
757:"Velsicol Denies Endrin Caused Fish Kill"
733:"United States v. Velsicol Chemical Corp"
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
931:Companies based in Cook County, Illinois
323:'s half-hearted approval in 1976 of the
926:Chemical companies of the United States
850:Pine River Superfund Citizen Task Force
761:Chemical & Engineering News Archive
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614:"DDT Still Killing Birds in Michigan"
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363:again in 2015 and 2017 respectively.
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582:Hanson, David J. (15 January 2007).
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
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628:"Arsenal Completes Genovique Sale"
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265:When, in 1962, the landmark anti-
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428:{\textstyle {\ce {C12H8Cl6O}}}
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951:Superfund sites in New Jersey
698:"Endrin- ToxFAQs- Fact Sheet"
529:Martin, Brian, 1947- (1986).
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313:Michigan Chemical Corporation
303:For years, Velsicol produced
235:Velsicol Chemical Corporation
133:Velsicol Chemical Corporation
941:Superfund sites in Tennessee
879:. You can help Knowledge by
451:Endrin Environmental Effects
325:Toxic Substances Control Act
253:. It was founded in 1931 by
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305:polybrominated biphenyls
707:. 2021. Archived from
616:. Scientific American.
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247:chemical intermediates
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881:expanding it
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341:benzoic acid
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298:SA Pathology
293:John Coulter
287:s publisher
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208:Plasticizers
180:Headquarters
172:Julius Hyman
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52:Please help
47:verification
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800:The Analyst
321:Gerald Ford
920:Categories
742:2023-03-02
718:2023-03-02
683:2023-03-02
658:2020-04-13
513:Linda Lear
497:References
281:heptachlor
203:Pesticides
80:newspapers
820:0003-2654
781:0009-2347
672:PubChem.
559:cite book
551:786496707
329:Superfund
315:plant in
277:chlordane
267:pesticide
241:based in
224:.velsicol
674:"Endrin"
633:9 August
464:See also
196:Products
138:Industry
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828:7386890
261:History
217:Website
161:Founder
151: (
146:Founded
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372:Endrin
367:Endrin
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712:(PDF)
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478:Notes
269:book
101:JSTOR
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877:stub
824:PMID
816:ISSN
777:ISSN
635:2012
569:link
565:link
547:OCLC
537:ISBN
359:and
279:and
226:.com
153:1931
149:1931
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808:doi
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