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Left-to-right mark

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1938: 1927: 81: 36: 288:) and applies punctuation, which is neutral as to its direction, according to the direction of the adjacent text. The LRM control character causes the punctuation to be adjacent to only left-to-right text – the "C" and the LRM – and position as if it were in left-to-right text, i.e., to the right of the preceding text. 255:
Suppose the writer wishes to use some English text (a left-to-right script) into a paragraph written in Arabic or Hebrew (a right-to-left script) with non-alphabetic characters to the right of the English text. For example, the writer wants to translate, "The language C++ is a programming language
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instead of the invisible Unicode control character itself. Using the invisible control character directly could also make copy editing difficult.
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will render the ++ on the left of the "C" because the browser recognizes that the paragraph is in a right-to-left text (
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With an LRM entered in the HTML after the ++, it looks like this, as the writer intends:
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used..." into Arabic. Without an LRM control character, the result looks like this:
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http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode12.0.0/UnicodeStandard-12.0.pdf
1607: 1522: 1454: 1189: 963: 883: 878: 779: 762: 247:. Usage is prescribed in the Unicode Bidi (bidirectional) algorithm. 80: 1833: 1803: 1653: 1638: 1633: 1424: 1174: 1154: 1119: 1029: 868: 685: 1274: 353: 1557: 1552: 1429: 1364: 1294: 1034: 394: 222: 1818: 1597: 1409: 1399: 1129: 715: 710: 680: 1912: 1768: 1708: 1164: 1139: 705: 700: 695: 240: 292: 193:
of text containing a mix of left-to-right scripts (such as
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In the first example, without an LRM control character, a
189:(an invisible formatting character) used in computerized 354:
Unicode standard annex #9: The bidirectional algorithm
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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 938: 1959: 379: 18:User:FrescoBot/Misplaced invisible LTR marks 43:It has been suggested that this article be 1881:Cultural, political, and religious symbols 386: 372: 250: 165:Learn how and when to remove this message 414:ISO/IEC 10646 (Universal Character Set) 27:Control character in bidirectional text 14: 1960: 937: 367: 201:) and right-to-left scripts (such as 915:International Components for Unicode 864:Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) 103:adding citations to reliable sources 74: 29: 24: 1896:Mathematical operators and symbols 225:, the LRM character is encoded at 25: 1989: 347: 291:Some software requires using the 1937: 1936: 1926: 1925: 1908:Phonetic symbols (including IPA) 79: 34: 90:needs additional citations for 1978:Unicode formatting code points 330: 276:‎ هي لغة برمجة تستخدم... 13: 1: 848:International Ideographs Core 658:International Ideographs Core 599:Alias names and abbreviations 323: 1070:CJK Unified Ideographs (Han) 920:People involved with Unicode 7: 393: 306: 10: 1994: 910:Ideographic Research Group 905:ConScript Unicode Registry 359:Unicode character (U+200E) 216: 1921: 1873: 1852: 1463: 987: 947: 933: 892: 856: 803: 790:Regional indicator symbol 733: 666: 623: 616: 546: 499:Combining grapheme joiner 484: 477: 427: 401: 271: 259: 66:Proposed since June 2024. 1943:Category: Unicode blocks 748:Compatibility characters 668:Comparison of encodings 594:Halfwidth and fullwidth 449:Universal Character Set 336:Unicode 12.0 standard, 1593:Inscriptional Parthian 1280:Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong 942:and symbols in Unicode 559:CJK Unified Ideographs 264:هي لغة برمجة تستخدم... 251:Example of use in HTML 1729:Old Persian cuneiform 1588:Inscriptional Pahlavi 1483:Ancient North Arabian 1478:Anatolian hieroglyphs 768:Precomposed character 604:Whitespace characters 533:Zero-width non-joiner 1548:Egyptian hieroglyphs 753:Duplicate characters 569:Duplicate characters 114:"Left-to-right mark" 99:improve this article 1613:Khitan small script 1050:Canadian Aboriginal 785:Variation sequences 743:Combining character 653:Variation sequences 564:Combining character 1973:Digital typography 1968:Control characters 1853:Notational scripts 1804:Tagalog (Baybayin) 1513:Caucasian Albanian 836:numeric references 811:Domain names (IDN) 631:Bidirectional text 508:Right-to-left mark 504:Left-to-right mark 459:Character property 409:Unicode Consortium 318:Bidirectional text 313:Right-to-left mark 233:LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK 179:left-to-right mark 56:Arabic letter mark 50:Right-to-left mark 1955: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1932:Category: Unicode 969:Punctuation marks 951:inherited scripts 857:Related standards 831:entity references 729: 728: 612: 611: 528:Zero-width joiner 187:control character 175: 174: 167: 149: 73: 72: 68: 16:(Redirected from 1985: 1940: 1939: 1929: 1928: 1891:Control Pictures 1844:Zanabazar Square 1583:Imperial Aramaic 1466:historic scripts 935: 934: 795:Emoji skin color 621: 620: 538:Zero-width 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1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 991: 989: 988:Modern scripts 985: 984: 982: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 955: 953: 945: 944: 931: 930: 928: 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 902: 896: 894: 893:Related topics 890: 889: 887: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 860: 858: 854: 853: 851: 850: 845: 840: 839: 838: 833: 823: 818: 813: 807: 805: 801: 800: 798: 797: 792: 787: 782: 777: 776: 775: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 739: 737: 731: 730: 727: 726: 724: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 672: 670: 664: 663: 661: 660: 655: 650: 645: 644: 643: 633: 627: 625: 618: 614: 613: 610: 609: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 550: 548: 544: 543: 541: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 501: 496: 490: 488: 479: 475: 474: 472: 471: 466: 461: 456: 451: 446: 445: 444: 433: 431: 425: 424: 422: 421: 416: 411: 405: 403: 399: 398: 391: 390: 383: 376: 368: 362: 361: 356: 349: 348:External links 346: 343: 342: 328: 327: 325: 322: 321: 320: 315: 308: 305: 270: 258: 252: 249: 218: 215: 173: 172: 87: 85: 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1533:Cypro-Minoan 1310:Pahawh Hmong 1125:Gurung Khema 874:ISO/IEC 8859 716:UTF-32/UCS-4 711:UTF-16/UCS-2 518:Variant form 503: 332: 290: 279: 267: 254: 220: 182: 178: 176: 161: 155:January 2019 152: 142: 135: 128: 121: 109: 97:Please help 92:verification 89: 65: 54: 48: 1865:SignWriting 1734:Old Sogdian 1704:Nandinagari 1628:Khwarezmian 1538:Dives Akuru 1464:Ancient and 1450:Warang Citi 1315:Pau Cin Hau 1270:New Tai Lue 1265:Nag Mundari 1240:Medefaidrin 949:Common and 758:Equivalence 736:code points 734:On pairs of 648:Equivalence 523:Word joiner 513:Soft hyphen 429:Code points 297:‎ 282:web browser 191:typesetting 1962:Categories 1759:Phoenician 1744:Old Uyghur 1739:Old Turkic 1724:Old Permic 1719:Old Italic 1669:Manichaean 1563:Glagolitic 1340:Saurashtra 1085:Devanagari 964:Diacritics 721:UTF-EBCDIC 624:Algorithms 617:Processing 554:Characters 478:Characters 324:References 125:newspapers 1754:ʼPhags-pa 1749:Palmyrene 1699:Nabataean 1623:Khudawadi 1608:Kharosthi 1523:Cuneiform 1498:Bhaiksuki 1493:Bassa Vah 1360:Sundanese 1335:Samaritan 1250:Mongolian 1225:Malayalam 1190:Kirat Rai 900:Anomalies 884:ISO 15924 879:DIN 91379 780:Z-variant 763:Homoglyph 636:Collation 301:‎ 237:‎ 1886:Currency 1860:Duployan 1834:Vithkuqi 1829:Ugaritic 1684:Meroitic 1654:Mahajani 1639:Linear B 1634:Linear A 1425:Tifinagh 1390:Tai Viet 1385:Tai Tham 1375:Tagbanwa 1290:Ol Chiki 1180:Kayah Li 1175:Katakana 1160:Javanese 1155:Hiragana 1145:Hanunuoo 1120:Gurmukhi 1110:Gujarati 1100:Georgian 1075:Cyrillic 1065:Cherokee 1030:Bopomofo 1010:Balinese 1005:Armenian 869:GB 18030 686:Punycode 574:Numerals 506: / 419:Versions 340:, p. 880 307:See also 245:E2 80 8E 199:Cyrillic 1794:Soyombo 1784:Sogdian 1779:Siddham 1774:Sharada 1694:Multani 1674:Marchen 1664:Mandaic 1659:Makasar 1573:Grantha 1558:Elymaic 1553:Elbasan 1528:Cypriot 1488:Avestan 1430:Tirhuta 1420:Tibetan 1365:Sunuwar 1350:Sinhala 1345:Shavian 1325:Ranjana 1305:Osmanya 1295:Ol Onal 1220:Lontara 1170:Kannada 1080:Deseret 1045:Burmese 1035:Braille 1025:Bengali 979:Numbers 940:Scripts 589:Symbols 579:Scripts 402:Unicode 395:Unicode 223:Unicode 217:Unicode 185:) is a 139:scholar 61:Discuss 1941:  1930:  1839:Yezidi 1819:Todhri 1814:Tangut 1649:Lydian 1644:Lycian 1618:Khojki 1598:Kaithi 1578:Hatran 1568:Gothic 1518:Coptic 1508:Carian 1503:Brāhmī 1445:Wancho 1410:Thaana 1405:Telugu 1400:Tangsa 1380:Tai Le 1370:Syriac 1330:Rejang 1205:Lepcha 1150:Hebrew 1130:Hangul 1055:Chakma 1000:Arabic 974:Spaces 681:CESU-8 676:BOCU-1 584:Spaces 286:Arabic 243:it is 239:). In 230: 228:U+200E 211:Hebrew 209:, and 207:Syriac 203:Arabic 141:  134:  127:  120:  112:  45:merged 1913:Emoji 1809:Takri 1769:Runic 1709:Ogham 1543:Dogra 1395:Tamil 1300:Osage 1275:Nüshu 1210:Limbu 1200:Latin 1185:Khmer 1165:Kanji 1140:Hanja 1105:Greek 1095:Geʽez 1090:Garay 1040:Buhid 1020:Batak 1015:Bamum 995:Adlam 843:Input 821:Fonts 816:Email 804:Usage 706:UTF-8 701:UTF-7 696:UTF-1 547:Lists 464:Plane 437:Block 295:code 272:لغة C 260:لغة C 241:UTF-8 195:Latin 146:JSTOR 132:books 47:with 1689:Modi 1603:Kawi 1473:Ahom 1435:Toto 1415:Thai 1285:Odia 1260:N'Ko 1060:Cham 826:HTML 773:list 691:SCSU 442:List 293:HTML 197:and 177:The 118:news 53:and 1440:Vai 1255:Mru 1195:Lao 494:BOM 299:or 221:In 183:LRM 101:by 59:. ( 1964:: 1455:Yi 274:++ 262:++ 205:, 387:e 380:t 373:v 235:( 181:( 168:) 162:( 157:) 153:( 143:· 136:· 129:· 122:· 95:. 63:) 20:)

Index

User:FrescoBot/Misplaced invisible LTR marks
merged
Right-to-left mark
Arabic letter mark
Discuss

verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Left-to-right mark"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
control character
typesetting
Latin
Cyrillic
Arabic
Syriac
Hebrew
Unicode
UTF-8
web browser
Arabic
HTML
Right-to-left mark
Bidirectional text

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