149:
518:, while his formation was inactive. In March 1942, the Germans activated their program of the brutal exploitation of Ukraine. As a reaction to such measures, military units controlled by Borovets rapidly expanded with volunteers. These included Soviet POWs, local peasants, different type of nationalists from the OUN which had not adopted official line. At this time, Borovets' force became an anti-German force; its activities were limited to actions that interfered with the economical exploitation of selective regions by local German administrations. In general, its activities were limited to passive self-defense of several rural areas and attacks on German food warehouses. On 19 August 1942, Bulba's detachments at
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550:(OUN-B) decided to create its own military formation. While conducting negotiations with Borovets about cooperative actions (in fact demanding that Borovets' units be placed under direct OUN-B control) on March 20, 1943 OUN (Bandera wing) issued an order about own military formation creation "using Bulba's military personnel". Such "formation" often involved forcible acquiring of Bulba units. Because Bulbas UPA was well known and popular amongst the local population, the commander of the OUN-B military formation
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471:. Arms and ammunition were supplied by the Germans with which Borovets maintained friendly relations. In November 1941, the German administration began to disband nationalist military formations, some of which were reformed into Ukrainian auxiliary police under direct German command. On 16 November 1941, UPA/The Polissian Sich was formally demobilized.
582:
the
Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army, although some of UPRA detachments were active even later. In December 1943, they captured and released a senior OUN-B officer. Later, some Soviet sources reported about clashes with UPRA units. In autumn 1944 Soviet authorities reported that an UPRA unit prevented wood-cutting activities in one
594:
In late March 2019, former members of
Polissian Sich and the Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army were officially granted the status of veterans. This meant that for the first time they could receive veteran benefits, including free public transport, subsidized medical services, annual monetary aid,
581:
On 5 October 1943, Borovets issued an order which claimed "new tactics of UPRA warfare" and a move deep underground; in reality, this was the actual disbandment of
Borovets' peasants army. The steady loss of men to the rival UPA and the decline in peasant support prompted Borovets to rename his force
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and commanded up to 600 man; later, Boris
Simonovich followed as the leader of the raion-council. Around 3,000 Jews lived in the Olevsk, which was around 42% of all population. The Jews of Olevsk were subjected to pogroms and were assigned to forced labor tasks, mainly to humiliate them. In addition
542:
Borovets' UPA refused to conduct military operations against Poles. Borovets tried to negotiate with Polish leaders, but did not succeed - the Poles agreed to recognize an independent
Ukraine only within the borders of 1939, and for Western Ukraine they promised only autonomy. In the spring of 1943
509:
removed "The
Polissian Sich" from his formation name (numbering by this time only 300 persons), calling his formation the "Ukrainian Insurgent Army". In February 1942, he made an unsuccessful attempt to negotiate with the Germans for the renewal of his formation. The winter of 1941/42 was spent by
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At the end of June 1943 the OUN-B issued an order according to which all
Ukrainian nationalistic formation must follow the command of the OUN-B. That order lead to military actions of UPA/OUN-B against UPRA. In August, many of Bulba's units were absorbed, disarmed or disbanded, and many commanders
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imposed a collective tax of 100,000 rubles on the Jewish population. In
November 1941, the rule of the Polissian Sich ended with the taking over of German civil and military administration. Still, the Polissian Sich where integrated in the implementation of German administration, especially in the
376:-type military formation without a strict central command. From spring 1942 until the autumn of 1943, it acted against the German rural civil administration and warehouses, from spring 1943 it also fought against Soviet Partisans and some units against Poles; from July–August 1943, it clashed with
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on 21 August, Borovets established his headquarters there. From this time till the middle of
November 1941, the Bulba formation controlled a large territory of northwest Ukraine which lay away from central roads. By the autumn of 1941, it had 2,000-3,000 armed personnel and published the official
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ghettoization of the Jews. Also around 50 Sich-members and two Sich-commanders participated in liquidations of Jews in mid-November 1941. Additionally on 20 November 1941 Sich-Members took part at the liquidations of 535 Jews in the village of
Varvarovka, where they were brought from
569:
To separate his own military formations from such actions on the 20th (or 27th) of July 1943 Bulba issued an order renaming his own UPA into the Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army (the name which OUN-B had adopted in 1941 for future Ukrainian army in Bandera's Ukraine).
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district. By the beginning of August 1941 he obtained German permission to create an armed military formation which he named Polissian Sich. The main tasks of this newly created formation was " by the order of German military command … establishing a self defense against
543:
skirmishes between Ukrainians and Poles began, and often the murders were the results of conflicts between the neighbors. Borovets was unable to stop interethnic conflict and a third front, the Polish one, was opened for the UPA.
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On 18 August 1943, Borovets and the UPRA headquarters was surrounded and ambushed by several UPA battalions. Some of UPRA command were captured, some killed – including Borovet's wife. Borovets and a few of his staff escaped.
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representatives met several time with Borovets' UPA to negotiate future cooperation; such meetings did not have any known results. During the autumn and winter of 1942, Borovets also conducted negotiations with
430:, with support from German occupation forces officials, decided to create his own military formation. At the beginning of July 1941 he was nominated by the Germans to the post of Ukrainian militia commander at
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Institute of Ukrainian History, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army Chapter 3 pp.104-154
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Institute of Ukrainian History, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army Chapter 3 pp.104-154
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regular and partisan units." Borovets' military formation obtained high praise from the Germans; they especially noted the cruel massacre of retreating
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faction agreed to provide support. Several military officials affiliated to the OUN-M joined the UPA-Polissian Sich. The Sich's chief of staff was
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William Jay Risch. The Ukrainian West: Culture and the fate of Empire in Soviet Lviv. Cambridge University Press. 2011. p. 35.
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At the beginning of August, Borovets made an attempts to obtain military support from the two rival factions of the
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662:[Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army] (in Ukrainian). Archived from
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Borovets', T. Armiia bez derzhavy: slava i trahediia ukraïns'koho povstans'koho rukhu (Winnipeg 1981)
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and public utilities discounts and would enjoy the same social benefits as former Ukrainian soldiers
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796:Організація українських націоналістів і Українська повстанська армія Chapter 3 p. 104-154
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fighters with official veteran status, especially during the 2005–2009 administration
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captured 4 railway coaches with military equipment. Throughout the summer and autumn
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Thus, from May 1943 two Ukrainian nationalistic forces shared a common name, the
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and reached tricky "non-aggression" agreement, which lasted until February 1943.
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Law recognizing Ukrainian Insurgent Army fighters as veterans enforced
728:"Організація українських націоналістів і Українська повстанська армія"
660:"Організація українських націоналістів і Українська повстанська армія"
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Former WWII nationalist guerrillas granted veteran status in Ukraine
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issued an order renaming the OUN-B military detachments as UPA.
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tried to find a compromise with German administration and even
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had appointed Petro Smorodskyi as commander of the garrison in
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603:. There had been several previous attempts to provide former
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Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary in Nazi-occupied Ukraine
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Taras Borovetz - Our opinion of Russia and General Vlasov
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688:. pp. 1553-1555. Bloomington, Indiana Univ. Press, 2012.
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Government of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile
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By the end of February 1943, the Bandera wing of the
454:'s OUN-B rejected his proposal while the OUN-M under
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soldiers which this formation had conducted earlier.
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United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Washington,
406:, members of Bulba's formation were always known as
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1201:Eastern European World War II resistance movements
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1216:Military history of Ukraine during World War II
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686:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
1226:Paramilitary organizations based in Ukraine
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711:sfn error: no target: CITEREFДзьобак2002 (
574:were killed by UPA Security Service – SB.
157:newspaper, the UPRA's official press organ
1236:Ukrainian anti-Soviet resistance movement
1090:Sich Regiment of Horlis-Horskyi (1939–40)
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1053:Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
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336:Ukrayinska narodno-revoliutsiina armiia
69:"Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army"
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548:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
448:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
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565:Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army
317:Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army
135:Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army
1211:Military history of the Soviet Union
1083:Ukrainian People's Republic in exile
325:Українська народно-революційна армія
141:Українська народно-революційна армія
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
13:
787:http://history.org.ua/oun_upa/upa/
360:, was a paramilitary formation of
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1246:World War II resistance movements
815:Taras Borovetz History of the UIA
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1026:West Ukrainian People's Republic
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1241:Ukrainian independence movement
826:Тарас Боровець і “Поліська Січ”
45:needs additional citations for
1191:1941 establishments in Ukraine
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1102:Ukrainian National Government
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830:"З архівів ВУЧК-ГПУ-НКВД-КГБ"
636:www.encyclopediaofukraine.com
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1149:none (1919–91), part of the
590:2019 official veteran status
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1001:Ukrainian People's Republic
488:to the physical abuse, the
394:To distinguish itself from
368:region in December 1941 by
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178:July 1941 – 5 October 1943
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426:By the end of June 1941
400:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
358:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
295:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
270:Polish Underground State
232:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
21:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
19:Not to be confused with
1206:Guerrilla organizations
1169:Armed Forces of Ukraine
1093:Polissia Sich (1941–42)
1034:Ukrainian Galician Army
1009:Ukrainian People's Army
989:Legion of Sich Riflemen
888:Military of Kievan Rus'
25:Ukrainian People's Army
1231:Poland in World War II
422:UPA and Polissian Sich
362:Ukrainian nationalists
1144:Ukrainian Soviet Army
832:, No.1/2(2/3), 1995.
605:Ukrainian nationalist
339:), also known as the
199:Ukrainian nationalism
968:Zaporozhian Cossacks
947:Zaporozhian Cossacks
810:Army without country
666:on December 10, 2007
528:Nazi security police
524:Taras Bulba-Borovets
512:Taras Bulba-Borovets
481:Taras Bulba-Borovets
370:Taras Bulba-Borovets
167:Taras Bulba-Borovets
54:improve this article
1151:Soviet Armed Forces
940:Registered Cossacks
824:Володимир Дзьобак.
552:Dmytro Klyachkivsky
183:Active regions
792:2007-12-10 at the
709:, p. 130-134.
614:, but all failed.
516:General Government
505:In December 1941,
174:Dates of operation
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894:9th century–1240)
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612:Viktor Yushchenko
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1139:Red Cossacks
1131:Soviet Union
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736:. Retrieved
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670:December 21,
668:. Retrieved
664:the original
639:. Retrieved
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410:(Russian) /
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353:Poliska Sich
345:Поліська Січ
343:(Ukrainian:
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309:World War II
283:Soviet Union
257:Nazi Germany
154:
153:Logo of the
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
971:(1648–1775)
950:(1492–1648)
771:112 Ukraine
441:Soviet Army
1185:Categories
922:1240–1550)
880:Kievan Rus
738:2007-12-21
641:2024-07-16
618:References
520:Shepetivka
467:newspaper
80:newspapers
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1118:(1941–55)
1112:(1941–44)
1074:(1938–39)
1055:(1918–21)
1036:(1918–19)
1017:(1917–21)
1011:(1917–21)
992:(1914–18)
762:Kyiv Post
609:President
469:Haidamaka
437:Bolshevik
412:bulbivtsi
408:bulbovtsy
356:) or the
330:romanized
321:Ukrainian
242:Opponents
201:Socialism
155:Haidamaka
899:Druzhyna
790:Archived
597:Red Army
586:county.
584:Polissya
416:bulbashi
194:Ideology
110:May 2011
1161:Ukraine
781:Sources
599:of the
514:at the
391:units.
381:Bandera
374:warlord
332::
297:(1943–)
234:(–1943)
187:Polesia
163:Leaders
94:scholar
836:
495:Olevsk
485:Olevsk
464:Olevsk
366:Olevsk
280:
267:
254:
206:Allies
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
743:>
507:Bulba
432:Sarny
378:OUN-B
101:JSTOR
87:books
1110:UPRA
905:Voyi
902:and
713:help
672:2007
532:SIPO
530:and
387:and
73:news
834:LCC
450:.
414:or
398:'s
385:UPA
383:'s
56:by
23:or
1187::
1129:/
920:c.
910:c.
892:c.
828:,
769:,
760:,
748:^
650:^
634:.
497:.
389:UB
347:,
327:,
323::
918:(
908:(
890:(
866:e
859:t
852:v
741:.
715:)
674:.
644:.
319:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
27:.
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