240:
316:
2080:
almighty God (which he learned more about under
Christianity), and suggested that he became happier as he assimilated to white English society, through clothing but mostly via language. In addition, he stated a black servant at his enslaver's house named Old Ned was the first person to inform him of the Devil, who lives in Hell and punishes the wicked. This was done to discourage the teenage Gronniosaw from using profanity. Gates has concluded that the narrative does not have an anti-slavery view, as was ubiquitous in subsequent slave narratives.
2544:
2563:
194:, Henry Gurney (coincidentally, the grandfather of Fowell Buxton's wife, Hannah Gurney), who paid their rent arrears. A daughter died and was refused burial by the local clergy because she was not baptised. One minister at last offered to allow her to be buried in the churchyard, but he would not read the burial service.
181:
At first, he settled in
Portsmouth, but when his landlady swindled him out of most of his savings, he was forced to seek his fortune in London. There, he married a young English widow, Betty, a weaver. She already had a child and bore him at least two more. She lost her job because of the financial
2079:
noted that
Gronniosaw's narrative differed from later slave narratives, which generally criticised slavery as an institution. In his account, Gronniosaw referred to his "white-skinned sister," said that he had been willing to leave Africa because his family believed in many deities instead of one
266:
On
Thursday died, in this city, aged 70, James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, of Zaara. He left his country in the early part of his life, with a view to acquire proper notions of the Divine Being, and of the worship due to Him. He met with many trials and embarrassments, was much
158:
There, Gronniosaw was taught to read and brought up as a
Christian. Gronniosaw wrote in his autobiography that he wanted to return to his family in Africa, but Frelinghuysen denied this request and told him to focus on the Christian faith. During his time with Frelinghuysen, Gronniosaw attempted
217:. At around the same time, Gronniosaw received a letter and a charitable donation from Hastings herself. On 3 January 1772, he responded by thanking her for her 'favour', which arrived 'at a time of great necessity', and explained that he had just returned from 'Mrs Marlowe's' in nearby
201:, where Betty supported them by working again as a weaver. On Christmas Day 1771, Gronniosaw had their remaining children, Mary Albert (aged six), Edward Albert (aged four), and newborn Samuel Albert, baptised in the Old Independent Meeting House in Kidderminster by
255:
concludes with its author still living in
Kidderminster, having "appear to be turn'd sixty"; for a long time, nothing was known of his later life. However, at some point during the late twentieth century, an obituary for Gronniosaw was discovered in the
1814:
3336:
159:
suicide, distressed by his perceived failings as a
Christian. When the minister died, he freed Gronniosaw in his will. Gronniosaw worked for the minister's widow and, subsequently, their orphans, but all died within four years.
267:
afflicted and persecuted. His last moments exhibited that chearful serenity which, at such a time, is the certain effect of a thorough conviction of the great truths of
Christianity. He published a narrative of his life.
2343:
1809:
2033:
The title page explains that it was "committed to paper by the elegant pen of a young LADY of the town of LEOMINSTER." It is one of the first narratives by an enslaved
African in the
3328:
162:
Planning to go to
England, where he expected to meet other pious people like the Frelinghuysens, Gronniosaw travelled to the Caribbean, where he enlisted as a cook with a
182:
depression and industrial unrest and moved to Colchester. There, they were saved from starvation by Osgood Hanbury (a Quaker lawyer and grandfather of the abolitionist
1935:
3304:
2041:, in December 1772, it gives a vivid account of Gronniosaw's life, from his leaving home to his enslavement in Africa by a native king, through a period of being
3958:
1799:
1330:
283:
from 1448 to 1881 - includes an entry from 28 September 1775 for "James Albert (a Blackm)", giving his age as 70. Gronniosaw's grave has not been identified.
3416:
2314:
221:, 'were I was shewed kindness to from my Christian friends'. On 25 June 1774, Gronniosaw's fifth child, James Albert junior, was baptised again by Fawcett.
1684:
1056:
793:
3978:
1420:
1061:
3872:
190:, Gronniosaw and his family again fell on hard times, as the building trades were largely seasonal. Once again, they were saved by the kindness of a
3973:
2295:
753:
3826:
1108:
3953:
2061:
1804:
1654:
1135:
2031:
A Narrative of the Most remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, As related by himself.
2570:
A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, as Related by Himself
2253:
A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, as related by himself
1881:
633:
105:
A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, as Related by Himself
3840:
2598:
1083:
3821:
3595:
1854:
1674:
847:
2012:
210:
2514:
Echero, Michael. "Theologizing 'Underneath the Tree': an African topos in Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, William Blake, and William Cole".
2495:
3758:
3579:
3499:
1118:
536:
103:
African man who is considered the first published African in Britain. Gronniosaw is known for his 1772 narrative autobiography
3988:
3918:
3913:
3531:
3360:
2327:
1696:
1373:
1145:
3983:
3928:
3376:
1888:
1849:
1492:
3184:
2068:. He interprets Gronniosaw's experience of enslavement and his being transported from Bornu to New York as an example of
1930:
1567:
1227:
1078:
874:
783:
2736:
239:
3715:
3587:
2818:
1950:
1644:
1398:
3968:
3816:
3776:
2279:
2153:
1772:
1649:
1073:
842:
709:
147:, and resold him for £50 to "Mr. Freelandhouse, a very gracious, good Minister." Freelandhouse is presumed to be the
3864:
3635:
1903:
1113:
1098:
1044:
729:
719:
714:
543:
399:
1619:
3806:
3368:
1898:
1669:
475:
276:
152:
3948:
3943:
3933:
3848:
1368:
1356:
936:
748:
394:
3696:
3523:
3428:
3312:
3179:
3014:
2591:
2054:
1940:
1723:
584:
3938:
3856:
3811:
3477:
3168:
3075:
2972:
2395:
Old Cheshire Churches: A Survey of their History, Fabric, and Furniture with Records of the Older Monuments
1945:
1789:
1659:
1320:
1088:
1068:
628:
596:
2748:
315:
3880:
3781:
3627:
2983:
2181:
2069:
2005:
1955:
1679:
1597:
724:
505:
325:
202:
3963:
3392:
3173:
2618:
1864:
1716:
1701:
1592:
788:
458:
224:
Shortly after he arrived in Kidderminster, Gronniosaw began work on his life story with the help of an
232:
has been studied by scholars as a groundbreaking work by an African in English. It is the first known
3923:
3689:
3352:
3320:
3085:
2369:"NUMBERS 32 AND 34 STREET THE OLD MUSIC HALL, Cheshire West and Chester - 1376350 | Historic England"
2368:
2354:
1960:
1859:
1390:
1378:
968:
941:
446:
228:
from Leominster, possibly the 'Mrs Marlowe' he had mentioned in his letter to Hastings. Gronniosaw's
2863:
3400:
3045:
2584:
1740:
1609:
1162:
951:
436:
337:
139:
ivory merchant and sold to a Dutch captain for two yards of check cloth. An American bought him in
2840:
616:
3270:
3194:
3116:
2999:
2651:
2468:
2232:
Carretta, Vincent (2004). "Gronniosaw, Ukawsaw (1710x14–1775), freed slave and autobiographer".
1925:
1664:
1614:
1542:
1315:
1093:
1037:
1020:
451:
2452:
3654:
3571:
3060:
2888:
2771:
2754:
2675:
2064:, cousin to Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon, who was a patron of the Calvinist wing of
2037:, a genre related to the literature of enslaved persons who later gained freedom. Published in
1998:
1967:
1472:
1213:
1125:
973:
697:
663:
658:
214:
2143:
3903:
3603:
3539:
3152:
3126:
3024:
2788:
2723:
2645:
2463:
2458:
2076:
2049:
and Kidderminster. He was attracted to this last town because it was at one time the home of
1834:
1689:
1602:
1587:
1269:
1257:
1003:
988:
773:
548:
470:
441:
167:
148:
3908:
3801:
3791:
3453:
3344:
3237:
3039:
1972:
1876:
1839:
1767:
1711:
1580:
1537:
1351:
1281:
956:
736:
638:
522:
429:
100:
8:
3796:
3408:
3199:
3106:
2988:
2947:
2942:
2835:
2100:
1460:
1440:
1325:
1310:
1179:
1150:
1140:
1030:
978:
946:
743:
601:
569:
564:
517:
374:
206:
136:
236:
published in England and received wide attention, with multiple printings and editions.
3750:
3029:
2699:
2417:
2289:
2251:
2211:
1706:
1552:
1527:
1517:
1482:
1477:
1445:
1410:
1403:
1344:
1337:
1194:
1013:
1008:
998:
768:
621:
579:
574:
527:
495:
485:
422:
3276:
2681:
643:
589:
3662:
3248:
3132:
2845:
2539:
2398:
2323:
2275:
2215:
2149:
2120:
1794:
1512:
1507:
1450:
1435:
1415:
1237:
1232:
1167:
1130:
963:
929:
758:
611:
500:
379:
280:
258:
3461:
3216:
2907:
2742:
2568:
2548:
2201:
2193:
2034:
1984:
1562:
1557:
1547:
1522:
1487:
1455:
1425:
1298:
1286:
1264:
1242:
1189:
1025:
993:
295:
144:
51:
2521:
Harris, Jennifer. "Seeing the Light: Re-Reading James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw".
2344:"Chester Chronicle | Monday 2nd October 1775 | Page 3 | British Newspaper Archive"
3832:
3786:
3611:
3563:
3547:
3515:
3384:
3227:
3163:
3095:
2978:
2937:
2894:
2794:
2693:
2607:
2197:
1893:
1784:
1779:
1532:
1502:
1497:
1220:
1184:
983:
901:
606:
352:
272:
233:
108:
111:
published in England. His autobiography recounted his early life in present-day
3242:
3222:
3209:
3147:
3111:
3034:
2952:
2869:
2806:
2669:
2663:
2535:
2050:
2038:
1977:
1871:
763:
404:
362:
2438:"James Albert (a Blackm)"; Chester St Oswald Burial Record, 28 September 1775.
3897:
3253:
3232:
3204:
3142:
3101:
3090:
3050:
3009:
3004:
2967:
2913:
2717:
2687:
2447:
2026:
1915:
1844:
1291:
1274:
1049:
879:
869:
653:
303:
198:
183:
3731:
3723:
3065:
3019:
2993:
2932:
2812:
2426:
1920:
1757:
1733:
1639:
1632:
1363:
891:
864:
827:
805:
692:
409:
389:
367:
357:
347:
342:
332:
124:
37:
2402:
1172:
3445:
3189:
3137:
2957:
2900:
2705:
2657:
2319:
2309:
1762:
1750:
1103:
906:
896:
854:
668:
3670:
3619:
3555:
3282:
3157:
3070:
3054:
2962:
2711:
2206:
2084:
2046:
1910:
1207:
911:
778:
225:
218:
171:
279:
of St Oswald, Chester - a church which occupied the south transept of
2065:
1155:
820:
682:
163:
837:
3437:
3121:
3079:
2576:
2557:
2553:
1745:
1303:
1247:
1199:
859:
704:
559:
465:
140:
131:) in 1705. He said he was doted on as the grandson of the king of
3507:
2042:
1728:
810:
490:
307:
187:
128:
112:
3393:
Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States
3469:
2272:
Scarlet and Black: Slavery and Dispossession in Rutgers History
1430:
1252:
832:
815:
677:
512:
480:
191:
3329:
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
2091:
was the only significant source of information for his life.
687:
673:
648:
132:
2274:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. p. 61.
2182:"Calvinism, Proslavery and James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw"
554:
384:
175:
197:
After pawning all their possessions, the family moved to
178:, before obtaining his discharge and sailing to England.
3305:
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
2142:
Gates, Henry Louis; Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks (2004).
186:), who employed Gronniosaw in building work. Moving to
2315:
Staying Power: The History of Black People in Britain
1685:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
95:(c. 1705 – 28 September 1775), also known as
3873:Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems about Slavery
2416:
2269:
2148:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 364.
2122:The Chester Chronicle, or Commercial Intelligencer
115:, his enslavement, and his eventual emancipation.
16:18th-century enslaved African man (c. 1705–1775),
2141:
2045:, to his struggles with poverty as a free man in
3895:
2270:Fuentes, Marisa J., White, Deborah Gray (2016).
2057:minister whom Gronniosaw had learned to admire.
1800:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution
3827:List of last surviving American enslaved people
2083:Until the discovery of the 1775 obituary and a
3959:Converts to Protestantism from pagan religions
3417:Barracoon: The Story of the Last "Black Cargo"
2256:. Bath, Somerset, England: W. Gye. p. 12.
2087:letter written by Gronniosaw to Hastings, the
2592:
2006:
2294:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1805:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
170:to earn money for the journey. He served in
2025:Gronniosaw's autobiography was produced in
3979:Nigerian expatriates in the United Kingdom
2599:
2585:
2249:
2013:
1999:
262:. The article, from 2 October 1775, reads:
3841:Cotton Plantation Record and Account Book
2496:reported on Monday 2 October 1775 in the
2250:Gronniosaw, James Albert Ukawsaw (1772).
2205:
3822:Treatment of slaves in the United States
3596:Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade
2910:(1766 Saint-Dominque – June 30, 1853 NY)
2501:. It stated he died the Thursday before.
2392:
2231:
2060:The preface was written by the Reverend
1810:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf
1675:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
1655:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
238:
3974:Nigerian emigrants to the United States
2234:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
211:Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon
3896:
3759:Frederick Douglass and the White Negro
3580:Queen: The Story of an American Family
3500:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
2490:
2488:
2227:
2225:
2179:
3532:Roots: The Saga of an American Family
3361:Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
2797:(c. 1745 Nigeria – 31 March 1797 Eng)
2580:
2508:
2397:. London: B.T. Batsford. p. 95.
2308:
2070:Calvinist predestination and election
1697:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
1374:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
3954:18th-century British autobiographers
3377:Life and Times of Frederick Douglass
2872:(1783 England – 1821 United States)
2606:
2545:Works by or about Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
2265:
2263:
2245:
2243:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2128:
1889:Slave marriages in the United States
1493:Human trafficking in the Middle East
286:
2485:
2222:
2103:, the class Gronniosaw belonged to.
1228:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
13:
3716:The Escape; or, A Leap for Freedom
3588:Hang a Thousand Trees with Ribbons
2866:(c. 1710 Portugal – 1734 Montreal)
2819:Nunzio Otello Francesco Gioacchino
1882:last survivors of American slavery
14:
4000:
3817:Songs of the Underground Railroad
3777:Abolitionism in the United States
3285:(c. 1795 Nigeria – ? Brazil)
2916:(c. 1819 – ???, Puerto Rico)
2529:
2260:
2240:
2162:
2114:
843:Field slaves in the United States
710:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate
243:Gronniosaw's death notice in the
3865:Slave Songs of the United States
3369:The Underground Railroad Records
3279:(? Puerto Rico – 1555 Venezuela)
2573:, Bath: Printed by W. Gye, 1770.
2561:
720:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
715:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
544:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
314:
166:, and later as a soldier in the
3245:(19th century Indian Territory)
3219:(1766 Saint-Dominque – 1853 NY)
2516:Research in African Literatures
2441:
2409:
2386:
2361:
1670:Committee of Experts on Slavery
1221:East, Southeast, and South Asia
277:Church of England parish church
153:Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen
135:. At 15, he was kidnapped by a
3849:Slave-Trading in the Old South
2903:(c. 1788 Bermuda – after 1833)
2336:
2302:
1369:Slave raiding in Easter Island
1:
3524:The Confessions of Nat Turner
3489:
3482:
3313:The Narrative of Robert Adams
2727:
2107:
3989:People from the Bornu Empire
3919:18th-century Nigerian people
3914:18th-century American slaves
3857:Sarah Johnson's Mount Vernon
3812:Slavery in the United States
3169:Greensbury Washington Offley
2518:. 23.4 (Winter 1992). 51–58.
2198:10.1080/0144039X.2014.920973
1660:Temporary Slavery Commission
1321:Slavery in the Mongol Empire
213:and a significant figure in
7:
3984:Writers of slave narratives
3929:Black British former slaves
3881:The Hemingses of Monticello
3782:African-American literature
2560:(public domain audiobooks)
2554:Works by Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
2536:Works by Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
2094:
1680:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
725:Volga Bulgarian slave trade
10:
4005:
3697:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin
2803:(c. 1705 Bornu – 1775 Eng)
2619:Slave Narrative Collection
2393:Richards, Raymond (1947).
2236:. Oxford University Press.
1865:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
1702:Anti-Slavery International
1467:North Africa and West Asia
3769:
3742:
3707:
3690:To a Southern Slaveholder
3681:
3646:
3478:The Bondwoman's Narrative
3427:
3353:My Bondage and My Freedom
3337:The Life of Josiah Henson
3321:American Slavery as It Is
3296:
3263:
2923:
2879:
2854:
2828:
2781:
2764:
2749:Andreas Matthäus Wolfgang
2638:
2627:
2614:
2355:British Newspaper Archive
1961:Emancipation Proclamation
1633:Opposition and resistance
1391:Sex trafficking in Europe
1379:Blackbirding in Polynesia
942:Trans-Saharan slave trade
82:
74:
66:
58:
44:
30:
23:
3969:Nigerian autobiographers
3636:The Underground Railroad
3401:The Peculiar Institution
3046:Sarah Jane Woodson Early
2478:
2125:, Monday 2 October 1775.
2029:in 1772. It is entitled
1741:Compensated emancipation
952:Indian Ocean slave trade
3807:Films featuring slavery
3271:Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua
3195:William Henry Singleton
3000:Ellen and William Craft
2494:Gronniosaw's death was
2469:Oxford University Press
2186:Slavery & Abolition
1665:1926 Slavery Convention
1421:Germany in World War II
1038:North and South America
560:Contract of manumission
247:, Monday 2 October 1775
155:, based in New Jersey.
123:Gronniosaw was born in
118:
3655:Amos Fortune, Free Man
2889:Juan Francisco Manzano
2864:Marie-Joseph Angélique
2772:Brigitta Scherzenfeldt
2755:Johann Georg Wolffgang
2737:Guðríður Símonardóttir
2676:James Leander Cathcart
2523:English Language Notes
2373:historicengland.org.uk
2145:African American Lives
1146:British Virgin Islands
698:Circassian slave trade
664:Safavid imperial harem
659:Ottoman Imperial Harem
269:
248:
107:, which was the first
3949:Black British writers
3944:Black British history
3934:British former slaves
3604:Walk Through Darkness
3540:Underground to Canada
3153:Jermain Wesley Loguen
3098:(1848/1854 VA – 1957)
3025:Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
2841:Konstantin Mihailović
2789:Lovisa von Burghausen
2464:The Signifying Monkey
2459:Henry Louis Gates, Jr
2180:Hanley, Ryan (2015).
2077:Henry Louis Gates Jr.
1385:Europe and North Asia
1345:Australia and Oceania
1045:Pre-Columbian America
617:Slave raid of Suðuroy
549:Slavery in al-Andalus
471:Black Sea slave trade
400:21st-century jihadism
264:
242:
215:Calvinistic Methodism
168:28th Regiment of Foot
149:Dutch Reformed Church
3802:Caribbean literature
3792:Atlantic slave trade
3345:Twelve Years a Slave
3238:Booker T. Washington
3040:Jordan Winston Early
1840:Indentured servitude
1768:Underground Railroad
1568:United Arab Emirates
957:Zanzibar slave trade
924:By country or region
737:Atlantic slave trade
639:Ma malakat aymanukum
523:Venetian slave trade
62:St Oswald's, Chester
3939:18th-century slaves
3797:Captivity narrative
3628:The Book of Negroes
3409:The Slave Community
3273:(1845–1847, Brazil)
3200:James Lindsay Smith
3107:John Andrew Jackson
3042:(1814 – after 1894)
2996:(1845 KY – 1938 OH)
2989:William Wells Brown
2948:Jared Maurice Arter
2943:William J. Anderson
2836:Johann Schiltberger
2471:, 1988, pp. 133–40.
2101:Black British elite
1926:Slave Route Project
1057:Americas indigenous
947:Red Sea slave trade
937:Contemporary Africa
800:Topics and practice
570:Crimean slave trade
565:Bukhara slave trade
518:Genoese slave trade
395:Contemporary Africa
375:Forced prostitution
207:Dissenting minister
127:(now north-eastern
3751:Unchained Memories
3256:(b. c. 1780 Congo)
3030:Frederick Douglass
2801:Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
2700:Maria ter Meetelen
2525:42.4, 2005: 43–57.
2509:Additional sources
2322:. pp. 92–93.
1707:Blockade of Africa
1014:Somali slave trade
930:Sub-Saharan Africa
622:Turkish Abductions
580:Khivan slave trade
575:Khazar slave trade
528:Balkan slave trade
486:Prague slave trade
249:
93:Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
25:Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
3964:American freedmen
3891:
3890:
3663:I, Juan de Pareja
3647:Young adult books
3454:Uncle Tom's Cabin
3297:Non-fiction books
3292:
3291:
3249:Harriet E. Wilson
3133:Elizabeth Keckley
2979:Henry "Box" Brown
2897:(1860–1965, Cuba)
2891:(1797–1854, Cuba)
2846:George of Hungary
2821:(1792 – fl. 1828)
2540:Project Gutenberg
2498:Chester Chronicle
2329:978-0-7453-3830-9
2053:, a 17th-century
2023:
2022:
1973:Freedmen's Bureau
1795:Third Servile War
1790:International law
1357:Human trafficking
1119:Human trafficking
794:Thirteen colonies
612:Sack of Baltimore
380:Human trafficking
287:The autobiography
281:Chester Cathedral
259:Chester Chronicle
245:Chester Chronicle
209:and associate of
90:
89:
78:His autobiography
48:28 September 1775
3996:
3924:Barbadian slaves
3494:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3462:The Heroic Slave
3217:Pierre Toussaint
3212:(1793 VA – 1860)
3176:(1827 VA – 1900)
2908:Pierre Toussaint
2743:Antoine Qaurtier
2732:
2729:
2636:
2635:
2608:Slave narratives
2601:
2594:
2587:
2578:
2577:
2565:
2564:
2549:Internet Archive
2502:
2492:
2472:
2456:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2423:familysearch.org
2420:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2293:
2285:
2267:
2258:
2257:
2247:
2238:
2237:
2229:
2220:
2219:
2209:
2177:
2160:
2159:
2139:
2126:
2118:
2035:English language
2015:
2008:
2001:
1985:Emancipation Day
1818:
1785:Slave Trade Acts
476:Byzantine Empire
318:
291:
290:
203:Benjamin Fawcett
67:Other names
52:Chester, England
21:
20:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3833:Book of Negroes
3787:Anti-Tom novels
3765:
3738:
3703:
3677:
3642:
3612:The Known World
3492:
3485:
3423:
3385:Up from Slavery
3288:
3277:Miguel de Buría
3259:
3228:Wallace Turnage
3164:Solomon Northup
3096:Fountain Hughes
2938:Jordan Anderson
2925:
2919:
2895:Esteban Montejo
2881:
2875:
2856:
2850:
2824:
2795:Olaudah Equiano
2777:
2760:
2730:
2694:Elizabeth Marsh
2682:Ólafur Egilsson
2670:Felice Caronni
2631:
2629:
2623:
2610:
2605:
2562:
2532:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2493:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2442:
2431:
2429:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2391:
2387:
2377:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2330:
2307:
2303:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2268:
2261:
2248:
2241:
2230:
2223:
2178:
2163:
2156:
2140:
2129:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2097:
2019:
1990:
1989:
1894:Slave narrative
1850:Fugitive slaves
1830:
1822:
1821:
1812:
1780:Slave rebellion
1635:
1625:
1624:
1583:
1573:
1572:
1395:United Kingdom
1331:Yankee princess
925:
917:
916:
644:Avret Pazarları
590:Avret Pazarları
459:Medieval Europe
425:
415:
414:
353:Forced marriage
328:
289:
273:burial register
234:slave narrative
121:
109:slave narrative
54:
49:
40:
35:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4002:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3755:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3728:
3720:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3693:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3667:
3659:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3632:
3624:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3592:
3584:
3576:
3572:Middle Passage
3568:
3560:
3552:
3544:
3536:
3528:
3520:
3512:
3504:
3496:
3474:
3466:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3433:
3431:
3429:Fiction/novels
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3373:
3365:
3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3280:
3274:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3251:
3246:
3243:Wallace Willis
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3223:Harriet Tubman
3220:
3213:
3210:Austin Steward
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3180:William Parker
3177:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3150:
3148:J. Vance Lewis
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3112:Harriet Jacobs
3109:
3104:
3099:
3093:
3088:
3086:William Grimes
3083:
3078:(19th century
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:Kate Drumgoold
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2953:Solomon Bayley
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2924:North America:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2911:
2904:
2898:
2892:
2885:
2883:
2880:North America:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2870:John R. Jewitt
2867:
2860:
2858:
2855:North America:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2829:Ottoman Empire
2826:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2816:
2810:
2807:Jean Marteilhe
2804:
2798:
2792:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2690:(late 19th c.)
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2664:Isaac Brassard
2661:
2655:
2649:
2642:
2640:
2633:
2632:of enslavement
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2566:
2551:
2542:
2531:
2530:External links
2528:
2527:
2526:
2519:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2451:
2440:
2418:"Registration"
2408:
2385:
2360:
2335:
2328:
2301:
2280:
2259:
2239:
2221:
2192:(2): 360–381.
2161:
2154:
2127:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2096:
2093:
2062:Walter Shirley
2051:Richard Baxter
2039:Bath, Somerset
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1872:List of slaves
1869:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1590:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:Dutch Republic
1413:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1348:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1041:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
960:
959:
949:
944:
939:
933:
932:
926:
923:
922:
919:
918:
915:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
888:
887:
883:
882:
877:
875:Child soldiers
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
851:
850:
840:
835:
830:
825:
824:
823:
818:
813:
802:
801:
797:
796:
791:
786:
784:Spanish Empire
781:
776:
771:
766:
764:Middle Passage
761:
756:
751:
746:
740:
739:
733:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
701:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
626:
625:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
594:
593:
592:
585:Ottoman Empire
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
546:
540:
539:
533:
532:
531:
530:
520:
515:
510:
509:
508:
503:
498:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
462:
461:
455:
454:
449:
444:
439:
433:
432:
426:
421:
420:
417:
416:
413:
412:
407:
405:Sexual slavery
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
371:
370:
365:
363:Child marriage
360:
350:
345:
340:
338:Child soldiers
335:
329:
324:
323:
320:
319:
311:
310:
300:
299:
288:
285:
143:, took him to
120:
117:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
75:Known for
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4001:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3743:Documentaries
3741:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3497:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:South America
3262:
3255:
3254:Zamba Zembola
3252:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:Bethany Veney
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:Venture Smith
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:James Roberts
3183:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3143:Lunsford Lane
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3127:Paul Jennings
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3102:Omar ibn Said
3100:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3091:Josiah Henson
3089:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3076:William Green
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3051:Peter Fossett
3049:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3010:Lucinda Davis
3008:
3006:
3005:Hannah Crafts
3003:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2973:James Bradley
2971:
2969:
2968:Leonard Black
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2926:United States
2922:
2915:
2914:Marcos Xiorro
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2718:Thomas Pellow
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2688:Petro Kilekwa
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2602:
2597:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2500:
2499:
2491:
2489:
2484:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2449:
2448:Briton Hammon
2444:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2412:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2389:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2356:
2345:
2339:
2331:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2305:
2297:
2291:
2283:
2281:9780813591520
2277:
2273:
2266:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2246:
2244:
2235:
2228:
2226:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2155:9780195160246
2151:
2147:
2146:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2124:
2123:
2117:
2113:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2056:
2055:Nonconformist
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2027:Kidderminster
2016:
2011:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:Slave catcher
1914:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1845:Forced labour
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1690:Abolitionists
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1292:comfort women
1290:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:Chukri System
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:Latin America
1161:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1114:interregional
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1099:prison labour
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:United States
1067:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
958:
955:
954:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
934:
931:
928:
927:
921:
920:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
889:
885:
884:
881:
880:White slavery
878:
876:
873:
871:
870:Slave raiding
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
849:
846:
845:
844:
841:
839:
838:Corvée labour
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
807:
804:
803:
799:
798:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
738:
735:
734:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
654:Abbasid harem
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
630:
627:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
598:
597:Barbary Coast
595:
591:
588:
587:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
538:
535:
534:
529:
526:
525:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
493:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
463:
460:
457:
456:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
434:
431:
428:
427:
424:
419:
418:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
355:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
330:
327:
322:
321:
317:
313:
312:
309:
305:
304:Forced labour
302:
301:
297:
293:
292:
284:
282:
278:
274:
268:
263:
261:
260:
254:
251:Gronniosaw's
246:
241:
237:
235:
231:
227:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
199:Kidderminster
195:
193:
189:
185:
184:Fowell Buxton
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
116:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
47:
43:
39:
33:
29:
22:
19:
3904:1700s births
3879:
3871:
3863:
3855:
3847:
3839:
3831:
3757:
3749:
3730:
3724:The Octoroon
3722:
3714:
3695:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3610:
3602:
3594:
3586:
3578:
3570:
3562:
3554:
3546:
3538:
3530:
3522:
3514:
3506:
3498:
3476:
3468:
3460:
3452:
3444:
3436:
3415:
3407:
3399:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3367:
3359:
3351:
3343:
3335:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3303:
3117:Thomas James
3066:Moses Grandy
3061:David George
3020:Lucy Delaney
2994:Peter Bruner
2933:Sam Aleckson
2813:Roustam Raza
2800:
2724:Joseph Pitts
2646:Robert Adams
2630:by continent
2569:
2522:
2515:
2497:
2462:
2454:
2443:
2430:. Retrieved
2427:FamilySearch
2422:
2411:
2394:
2388:
2376:. Retrieved
2372:
2363:
2353:– via
2347:. Retrieved
2338:
2313:
2310:Fryer, Peter
2304:
2271:
2252:
2233:
2189:
2185:
2144:
2121:
2116:
2088:
2082:
2074:
2059:
2030:
2024:
1921:Slave patrol
1758:Freedom suit
1734:Sierra Leone
1724:Colonization
1640:Abolitionism
1620:Baháʼí Faith
1593:Christianity
1543:Saudi Arabia
1399:Penal Labour
1364:Blackbirding
1270:Debt bondage
1258:penal system
1084:Contemporary
1074:Field slaves
1062:U.S. Natives
1021:South Africa
892:Galley slave
865:Slave market
855:House slaves
828:Blackbirding
806:Conscription
730:21st century
693:Umm al-walad
537:Muslim world
506:Emancipation
410:Wage slavery
390:Penal labour
368:Wife selling
358:Bride buying
343:Conscription
333:Child Labour
326:Contemporary
270:
265:
257:
252:
250:
244:
229:
223:
196:
180:
161:
157:
122:
104:
97:James Albert
96:
92:
91:
70:James Albert
59:Burial place
38:Bornu Empire
18:
3909:1775 deaths
3493: 1861
3486: 1853
3190:Moses Roper
3174:John Parker
3160:(1790–1880)
3138:Boston King
3129:(1799–1874)
2958:Polly Berry
2901:Mary Prince
2815:(1783–1845)
2809:(1684-1777)
2791:(1698–1733)
2774:(1684–1736)
2757:(1644–1744)
2751:(1660–1736)
2745:(1632–1702)
2739:(1598–1682)
2731: 1735
2714:(1708–1754)
2706:Mende Nazer
2696:(1735–1785)
2684:(1564–1639)
2678:(1767–1843)
2672:(1747–1815)
2666:(1620–1702)
2658:Francis Bok
2654:(1714-1761)
2652:Marcus Berg
2648:(c. 1790–?)
2628:Individuals
2320:Pluto Press
2207:10871/40464
1936:court cases
1813: [
1763:Slave Power
1751:Manumission
1598:Catholicism
1473:Afghanistan
1214:Puerto Rico
1126:The Bahamas
1104:Slave codes
907:Shanghaiing
897:Impressment
789:Slave Coast
669:Qajar harem
629:Concubinage
602:slave trade
3898:Categories
3671:Copper Sun
3620:Unburnable
3556:Dessa Rose
3283:Osifekunde
3215:Venerable
3158:James Mars
3071:Lear Green
3055:Monticello
3015:Noah Davis
2984:John Brown
2963:Henry Bibb
2906:Venerable
2712:Hark Olufs
2318:. London:
2108:References
2085:manuscript
2047:Colchester
1951:J.Q. Adams
1941:Washington
1911:Slave name
1860:convention
1835:Common law
1208:Encomienda
1004:Seychelles
989:Mauritania
912:Slave ship
779:Panyarring
774:New France
423:Historical
226:amanuensis
219:Leominster
172:Martinique
151:minister,
137:Gold Coast
3396:(1936–38)
2882:Caribbean
2708:(b. 1982)
2660:(b. 1979)
2312:(2018) .
2290:cite book
2216:144840319
2089:Narrative
2066:Methodism
1946:Jefferson
1603:Mormonism
1538:Palestine
1352:Australia
1282:Indonesia
1173:Lei Áurea
1156:Code Noir
1136:Caribbean
1109:Treatment
848:Treatment
821:Devshirme
683:Odalisque
501:In Russia
442:Babylonia
430:Antiquity
253:Narrative
230:Narrative
164:privateer
99:, was an
3692:" (1848)
3438:Oroonoko
3122:John Jea
2726:(1663 –
2720:(1705–?)
2702:(1704–?)
2558:LibriVox
2095:See also
2075:Scholar
2043:enslaved
1978:Iron bit
1968:40 acres
1931:breeding
1746:Freedman
1581:Religion
1441:Portugal
1326:Thailand
1316:Maldives
1311:Malaysia
1304:Kwalliso
1248:Booi Aha
1200:Restavek
1180:Colombia
1151:Trinidad
1141:Barbados
1031:Zanzibar
979:Ethiopia
860:Saqaliba
754:Database
705:Saqaliba
466:Ancillae
296:a series
294:Part of
275:for the
145:New York
141:Barbados
101:enslaved
83:Children
3770:Related
3564:Beloved
3548:Kindred
3516:Jubilee
3508:Our Nig
2547:at the
2432:6 April
2378:27 July
2349:21 July
1956:Lincoln
1829:Related
1729:Liberia
1615:Judaism
1553:Tunisia
1528:Morocco
1518:Lebanon
1483:Bahrain
1478:Algeria
1446:Romania
1411:Denmark
1404:Slavery
1338:Vietnam
1009:Somalia
999:Nigeria
974:Comoros
902:Pirates
811:Ghilman
744:Bristol
634:history
607:pirates
496:History
385:Peonage
308:slavery
188:Norwich
129:Nigeria
113:Nigeria
34:c. 1705
3884:(2008)
3876:(2002)
3868:(1867)
3860:(2008)
3852:(1931)
3844:(1847)
3836:(1783)
3762:(2008)
3754:(2003)
3735:(2022)
3727:(1859)
3719:(1858)
3700:(1853)
3682:Essays
3674:(2006)
3666:(1965)
3658:(1951)
3639:(2016)
3631:(2007)
3623:(2006)
3615:(2003)
3607:(2002)
3599:(2001)
3591:(1996)
3583:(1993)
3575:(1990)
3567:(1987)
3559:(1986)
3551:(1979)
3543:(1977)
3535:(1976)
3527:(1967)
3519:(1966)
3511:(1859)
3503:(1856)
3473:(1853)
3470:Clotel
3465:(1852)
3457:(1852)
3449:(1841)
3441:(1688)
3420:(2018)
3412:(1972)
3404:(1956)
3388:(1901)
3380:(1881)
3372:(1872)
3364:(1861)
3356:(1855)
3348:(1853)
3340:(1849)
3332:(1845)
3324:(1839)
3316:(1816)
3308:(1789)
3057:–1901)
3053:(1815
2975:(1834)
2857:Canada
2782:Europe
2639:Africa
2403:719918
2401:
2326:
2278:
2214:
2152:
1877:owners
1513:Kuwait
1508:Jordan
1461:Sweden
1451:Russia
1436:Poland
1431:Norway
1253:Laogai
1238:Brunei
1233:Bhutan
1195:revolt
1168:Brazil
1131:Canada
1094:partus
1079:female
964:Angola
833:Coolie
816:Mamluk
769:Nantes
749:Brazil
678:Cariye
513:Thrall
481:Kholop
447:Greece
192:Quaker
3708:Plays
2479:Notes
2212:S2CID
1904:songs
1899:films
1817:]
1773:songs
1610:Islam
1588:Bible
1563:Yemen
1558:Qatar
1548:Syria
1523:Libya
1488:Egypt
1456:Spain
1426:Malta
1299:Korea
1287:Japan
1265:India
1243:China
1190:Haiti
1050:Aztec
1026:Sudan
994:Niger
886:Naval
759:Dutch
688:Qiyan
674:Jarya
649:Harem
491:Serfs
437:Egypt
133:Zaara
125:Bornu
3732:Omar
2765:Asia
2434:2023
2399:OCLC
2380:2020
2351:2020
2324:ISBN
2296:link
2276:ISBN
2150:ISBN
1855:laws
1717:U.S.
1712:U.K.
1650:U.S.
1645:U.K.
1533:Oman
1503:Iraq
1498:Iran
1185:Cuba
1089:maps
984:Mali
969:Chad
555:Baqt
452:Rome
348:Debt
306:and
271:The
205:, a
176:Cuba
174:and
119:Life
45:Died
31:Born
3446:Sab
2556:at
2538:at
2202:hdl
2194:doi
3900::
3490:c.
3488:–
3483:c.
3080:MD
2728:c.
2487:^
2467:,
2461:,
2425:.
2421:.
2371:.
2292:}}
2288:{{
2262:^
2242:^
2224:^
2210:.
2200:.
2190:36
2188:.
2184:.
2164:^
2130:^
2072:.
1815:fa
298:on
3688:"
3495:)
3481:(
3082:)
2733:)
2600:e
2593:t
2586:v
2436:.
2405:.
2382:.
2357:.
2332:.
2298:)
2284:.
2218:.
2204::
2196::
2158:.
2014:e
2007:t
2000:v
1210:)
1206:(
676:/
551:
86:5
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
