42:
204:
At trial, which lasted five years, both the federal and provincial governments opposed the title claim. The trial judge applied a test for
Aboriginal title that examined whether the Xeni Gwet'in regularly and exclusively used the sites or territory within the claim area. The trial judge rejected the
195:
people who had lived in the area for centuries, managing these lands and repelling invaders. The Xeni Gwetʼin blockaded the area, preventing
Carrier from logging. The company conducted unsuccessful negotiations with the provincial government to continue logging. The Xeni Gwetʼin filed suit seeking a
232:
The court held that
Aboriginal title constitutes a beneficial interest in the land, the underlying control of which is retained by the Crown. Rights conferred by Aboriginal title include the right to decide how the land will be used; to enjoy, occupy and possess the land; and to proactively use and
174:
First Nation, with larger effects. As a result of the landmark decision, provinces cannot unilaterally claim a right to engage in clearcut logging on lands protected by
Aboriginal title; they must engage in meaningful consultation with the title holder before they proceed. Although the Aboriginal
212:, where the court upheld the decision that the Tsilhqotʼin did not hold title to these lands, except for limited situations. The court applied a more stringent title test that examined site-specific occupation of definite tracts of land at the time of European sovereignty.
508:
196:
court declaration that would prohibit
Carrier Lumber's commercial logging operations in this area, and establish their claim for Aboriginal title to the land, which was part of their historical territory.
518:
224:, unanimously allowed the appeal. They ruled that the Tsilhqotʼin did have a claim of Aboriginal title to the 1,750 square kilometres (680 sq mi) they had historically occupied.
450:
856:
1024:
574:
296:
498:
17:
625:
807:
443:
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912:
1107:
436:
175:
title holder does not have to consent to the activity, meaningful consultation is required before infringement of the right can take place.
1138:
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issued a licence to
Carrier Lumber to cut trees in lands that included remote central British Columbia territory which was claimed by the
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842:
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Note: "Aboriginal law" refers to
Canadian law dealing with Indigenous peoples; "Indigenous law" refers to the
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the Crown's action must have been consistent with its fiduciary obligation to the
Aboriginal body in question.
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the Crown's actions must have been supported by a compelling and substantial objective; and
239:-style mechanism by which the Crown can override Aboriginal title in the public interest:
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manage the land, including its natural resources. But, the court set out a
1088:
1059:
989:
281:
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996:
968:
947:
884:
835:
738:
348:"Supreme Court grants land title to B.C. First Nation in landmark case"
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730:
725:
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band of the
Tsilhqotʼin. The Tsilhqotʼin are a semi-nomadic group of
720:
715:
710:
705:
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695:
690:
685:
680:
520:
United
Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act
975:
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the Crown must have carried out consultation and accommodation;
1081:
458:
297:
Grassy Narrows First Nation v. Ontario (Natural Resources)
499:
Section 25 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
598:
1108:Index of articles related to Indigenous Canadians
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808:Ongoing treaty negotiations in British Columbia
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509:Section 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867
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437:
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208:In 2012, the decision was appealed to the
18:Tsilhqot'in Nation v British Columbia
504:Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982
1004:St Catharines Milling and Lumber Co v R
752:James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement
14:
1121:
878:Native Women's Assn of Canada v Canada
422:Tsilhqotʼin Nation v. British Columbia
1018:Tsilhqot'in Nation v British Columbia
432:
330:Tsilhqotʼin Nation v British Columbia
205:title claim for procedural reasons.
159:Tsilhqotʼin Nation v British Columbia
35:Tsilhqotʼin Nation v British Columbia
1139:Aboriginal title case law in Canada
829:Attorney General of Canada v Lavell
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317:SCC Case Information - Docket 34986
227:
24:
346:MacCharles, Tonda (26 June 2014).
25:
1165:
850:Chippewas of Sarnia Band v Canada
414:
27:2014 Supreme Court of Canada case
476:of individual Indigenous groups.
210:British Columbia Court of Appeal
40:
784:Duty to consult and accommodate
620:Lake Simcoe–Lake Huron Purchase
489:Aboriginal land title in Canada
260:Aboriginal land title in Canada
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424:at the Supreme Court of Canada
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392:
383:
374:
365:
322:
310:
266:Calder v British Columbia (AG)
162:is a landmark decision of the
84:Appealed from British Columbia
13:
1:
1129:Supreme Court of Canada cases
871:Delgamuukw v British Columbia
758:Nunavut Land Claims Agreement
569:Peace and Friendship Treaties
303:
290:Delgamuukw v British Columbia
216:Decision of the Supreme Court
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614:Penetanguishene Bay Purchase
7:
668:Gradual Enfranchisement Act
253:
10:
1170:
494:Royal Proclamation of 1763
220:The Supreme Court, led by
1134:2014 in Canadian case law
1103:
1041:
892:R v Marshall; R v Bernard
843:Calder v British Columbia
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657:
538:
529:
481:
470:
183:In 1983, the province of
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142:
101:
96:
88:
80:
72:
62:
56:Hearing: 7 November 2013
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39:
34:
1043:Indigenous customary law
588:Gradual Civilization Act
575:Treaties of Fort Niagara
913:Paul v British Columbia
770:Nisga'a Final Agreement
638:Saugeen Tract Agreement
557:Great Peace of Montreal
319:Supreme Court of Canada
164:Supreme Court of Canada
133:Andromache Karakatsanis
48:Supreme Court of Canada
532:governmental relations
58:Judgment: 26 June 2014
168:Aboriginal land title
626:Huron Tract Purchase
148:Unanimous reasons by
460:Canadian Aboriginal
1154:Forestry in Canada
1066:Great Law of Peace
790:Jordan's Principle
658:Post-Confederation
646:(1850, 1854, 1859)
274:Guerin v The Queen
121:Marshall Rothstein
106:Beverley McLachlin
1116:
1115:
1032:Restoule v Canada
857:Corbiere v Canada
816:
815:
675:Numbered Treaties
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652:
644:Robinson Treaties
222:Beverly McLachlin
166:that established
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16:(Redirected from
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1025:Daniels v Canada
1011:R v Van der Peet
864:Daniels v Canada
608:Toronto Purchase
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541:Confederation
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143:Reasons given
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81:Prior history
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1077:Pittailiniit
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1002:
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981:
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962:R v Gonzales
960:
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934:R v Drybones
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918:
911:
904:
899:R v Marshall
897:
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883:
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862:
855:
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841:
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827:
786:(since 2004)
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737:
677:(1871–1921)
666:
599:Upper Canada
586:
519:
421:
407:SCC, para 77
403:
394:
389:SCC, para 70
385:
376:
367:
355:. Retrieved
352:Toronto Star
351:
341:
329:
328:
324:
312:
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207:
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200:Lower courts
189:Xeni Gwetʼin
182:
158:
157:
156:
109:
102:
46:
29:
1149:Tsilhqot'in
1094:Plains Cree
1089:Wahkohtowin
990:R v Sparrow
796:Land claims
746:White Paper
671:(1869–1876)
660:(post-1867)
591:(1857–1869)
577:(1764–1784)
571:(1725–1779)
398:SCC, par 73
380:SCC, para 8
371:SCC, para 5
335:2014 SCC 44
282:R v Sparrow
172:Tsilhqotʼin
113:Louis LeBel
68:2014 SCC 44
1123:Categories
997:Re Eskimos
969:R v Guerin
948:R v Gladue
885:Kruger v R
836:R v Badger
739:Indian Act
544:(pre-1867)
304:References
179:Background
73:Docket No.
632:Treaty 45
583:(1850–54)
151:McLachlin
64:Citations
1144:Land use
821:Case law
601:treaties
254:See also
170:for the
1060:Miꞌkmaq
976:R v Jim
553:(1670s)
357:26 June
333:,
236:Sparrow
780:(2002)
772:(1998)
766:(1995)
760:(1993)
754:(1975)
748:(1969)
640:(1836)
634:(1836)
628:(1827)
622:(1815)
616:(1798)
610:(1787)
565:(1701)
559:(1701)
299:(2014)
293:(1997)
285:(1990)
277:(1984)
269:(1971)
89:Ruling
76:34986
1082:Inuit
764:RCAP
539:Pre-
462:and
359:2014
1125::
731:11
726:10
350:.
135:,
131:,
127:,
123:,
119:,
115:,
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1062:)
1058:(
721:9
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681:1
452:e
445:t
438:v
361:.
20:)
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