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569:. ABC News has reported that in 2014 there were at least 345 trampoline parks operating in the United States. Similar parks have more recently been opened in other countries. The International Association of Trampoline Parks (IATP) estimated that park numbers had grown from 35-40 parks in 2011 to around 280 in 2014. The following year, IATP estimated that 345 parks were open by the end of 2014, and that another 115 would open by the end of 2015 in North America. IATP also estimated that at the end of 2014 there were 40 parks outside of North America, and that by the end of 2015 there would be at least 100 indoor trampoline parks open internationally. As of March 2019,
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advertisements often showed participants engaging in somersaults even though this was extremely dangerous without proper training. All trampoline parks rely upon liability waivers, where the signee assumes the risk of the activity including when injuries result from the establishment's own negligence or poorly maintained equipment, rather than beefing up safety standards and supervision.
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possible, similar to regular trampolining. The advantage is that twists and turns can be initiated more forcefully from a solid wall and that the vertical speed can be transferred to rotation in addition to forces from the legs or arms. Additionally, energy can be gained both from the bed at the bottom of the bounce, and from the wall at the top of the bounce.
541:, a water trampoline's elasticity is typically not caused by it being inflated. It follows the same principle as a standard land-based trampoline: a bounce mat held by springs. These models allow for a way to combine swimming and trampoline recreation, making it popular for rental amongst lakeside homeowners.
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around the trampoline and prevent users from bouncing over the edge. The
American Academy of Pediatrics states that there is no epidemiological evidence that these improve safety. The nets do prevent jumpers falling off the trampoline onto the ground, but these falls are not the most common source of
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Authorities recommend that only one person should be allowed to jump at a time to avoid collisions and people being catapulted in an unexpected direction or higher than they expect. One of the most common sources of injury is when multiple users are bouncing on the trampoline at one time. Often, this
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These may not be the true antecedents of the modern sport of trampolining, but indicate that the concept of bouncing off a fabric surface has been around for some time. In the early years of the 20th century, some acrobats used a "bouncing bed" on the stage to amuse audiences. The bouncing bed was a
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and the German
Aerospace Center (DLR), the machtWissen.de Corporation from Bremen, Germany developed the weightlessness demonstrator "Gravity Jumper" based on a trampoline. Due to the acceleration during the jump, an acceleration force takes effect in addition to the usual gravitational force. Both
422:
Wall running is a sport where the participant uses a wall and platforms placed next to the trampoline bed to do tricks. The basic movement is a backdrop on the trampoline and then the feet touching the wall at the top of the bounce. From there, there is no limit to the acrobatic movements that are
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Early in their development Nissen anticipated trampolines being used in a number of recreational areas, including those involving more than one participant on the same trampoline. One such game was
Spaceball—a game of two teams of two, or played between two individuals, on a single trampoline with
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artists using a tight net to add entertainment value to their performance and experimented by stretching a piece of canvas, in which they had inserted grommets along each side, to an angle iron frame by means of coiled springs. It was initially used to train tumblers but soon became popular in its
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Danger can be reduced by burying the trampoline so the bed is closer to the surrounding surface to lessen falling distance, and padding that surrounding area. Pads over the spring and frame reduce the severity of impact injuries. Keeping the springs covered also reduces the risk of a limb falling
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discovered that the trampoline park industry is unregulated in Canada, with different standards for padding and foam pit depth, self-inspections and repairs, and not being required to report injuries. It was also noted that there were generally too few staff to enforce rules, and that promotional
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Using a trampoline can be dangerous. Organized clubs and gyms usually have large safety end-decks with foam pads at each end, and spotters are placed alongside the trampoline to try to break the fall of any athlete who loses control and falls. In 1999, the U.S. Consumer
Product Safety Commission
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folklore, the trampoline was supposedly first developed by an artiste named du
Trampolin, who saw the possibility of using the trapeze safety net as a form of propulsion and landing device and experimented with different systems of suspension, eventually reducing the net to a practical size for
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These commercial parks are located indoors, and have wall-to wall-trampolines to prevent people falling off the trampolines on to hard surfaces. Padded or spring walls protect people from impact injuries. Despite these precautions, there has been at least one death recorded due to a head-first
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condition, which means that the jumper seems weightless and does not feel the acceleration due to gravity. Every person receives a three-axis acceleration sensor, fastened to them with a belt. The sensor transmits the data of the flight path to a monitor; a monitor shows the course of the
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The frame of a competitive trampoline is made of steel and can be made to fold up for transportation to competition venues. The trampoline bed is rectangular 4.28 by 2.14 metres (14 ft 1 in × 7 ft 0 in) in size fitted into the 5.05 by 2.91 metres (17 ft
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In 1959 and 1960, it became very popular to have outdoor commercial "jump centres" or "trampoline parks" in many places in North
America where people could enjoy recreational trampolining. However, these tended to have a high accident rate, and the public's interest rapidly waned.
688:
A mini-trampoline (also known as a rebounder, trampette, jogging trampoline, or exercise trampoline) is a type of trampoline less than 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) in diameter and about 30 centimetres (12 in) off the ground, often kept indoors and used as part of a
415:
462:× 10 ft) frame with around 110 steel springs (the actual number may vary by manufacturer). The bed is made of a strong fabric that can be woven from webbing, which is the most commonly used material. However, in the 2007 World Championships held in
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is that it allows repetitive drill practice for acrobatic experience every two seconds or less, compared with many minutes with sports that involve hills, ramps or high platforms. In some situations, it can also be safer compared to landings on the ground.
630:
Bouncing off a trampoline can result in a fall of 3–4 metres (10–13 ft) from the peak of a bounce to the ground or a fall into the suspension springs and frame. Some medical organizations have suggested that the devices be banned from home use.
281:, the United States Navy Flight School developed the use of the trampoline in its training of pilots and navigators, giving them concentrated practice in spatial orientation that had not been possible before. After the war, the development of the
444:
Recreational trampolines for home use are less sturdily constructed than competitive ones and their springs are weaker. They may be of various shapes, though most are circular, octagonal or rectangular. The fabric is usually a waterproof
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in the summer. There are different models that range in ease of use and also in ease of setup. Some are on trailers and the number of trampoline mats varies for different models, with four being the most common. There are
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injury. Multiple users bouncing in a netted trampoline can still be injured. Safety net enclosures have a larger benefit for safeguarding solo trampolinists, so long as they avoid falling on their head or neck.
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separate performance. While trampoline-like devices were used for shows and in the circus, the story of du
Trampolin is almost certainly apocryphal. No documentary evidence has been found to support it.
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Due to the much larger numbers involved and lower safety standards, the majority of injuries occur on privately owned home trampolines or in commercial trampoline facilities rather than organized gyms.
63:
The fabric that users bounce on (commonly known as the "bounce mat" or "trampoline bed") is not elastic itself; the elasticity is provided by the springs that connect it to the frame, which store
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specially constructed end "walls" and a middle "wall" through which a ball could be propelled to hit a target on the other side's end wall. Spaceball was created by Nissen together with
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provides a form of exercise with a low impact on knees and joints. Mini-trampolines do not give a rebound as high as larger recreational or competitive trampolines. Most department and
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material. As with competitive trampolines, recreational trampolines are usually made using coiled steel springs to provide the rebounding force, but spring-free trampolines also exist.
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without proper training. In some cases, people land on their neck or head, which can cause paralysis or even death. In an infamous incident in the 1960s, pole-vaulting champion
1265:
153:'s Circus Royal refers to performance on trampoline. The device is thought to have been more like a springboard than the fabric-and-coiled-springs apparatus presently in use.
142:, are both subjected to blanketing – however, these are clearly non-voluntary, non-recreational instances of quasi-judicial, mob-administered punishment. The trampoline-like
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allow for people without experience in gymnastics to perform flips and other manoeuvres that they wouldn’t be able to execute safely without the additional jumping height.
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situation leads to users bouncing into one another and thus becoming injured; many suffer broken bones as a result of landing badly after knocking into another user.
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338:. Hennessy also coached the United States trampoline team, producing more world champions than any other person. Among his world champions was his daughter,
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with his son. In 2018, a man died in a
British Columbia trampoline park, which prompted calls for more safety regulations for these popular activities.
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since 2000. On a modern competitive trampoline, a skilled athlete can bounce to a height of up to 10 metres (33 ft), performing multiple
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In 1942, Griswold and Nissen created the
Griswold-Nissen Trampoline & Tumbling Company, and began making trampolines commercially in
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In the early 21st century, indoor commercial trampoline parks have made a comeback, with a number of franchises operating across the
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bed (or two-string bed), woven from individual thin strings, was used. This type of bed gives a little extra height to the rebound.
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forces add up and the person on the trampoline seems to become heavier. As soon as the jumper leaves the trampoline, he is under a
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Having some training in a gym may be beneficial in alerting people to possible hazards and provide techniques to avoid bad falls.
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1326:
1090:"Jump! Spin! Fly! Indoor trampoline parks continue to be one of the fastest growing indoor entertainment attractions worldwide"
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577:) is the largest operator of trampoline parks in the U.S. and in the world, with 319 parks operating under their brands.
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Family-oriented commercial areas in North
America, such as shopping centres, carnivals, and so on, often include
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1234:"Maureen Kerley Pushes for Trampoline-Park Regulations Following 2012 Death of Son at Phoenix's SkyPark"
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1209:"New Clovis location for Skywalk Extreme Sports Arena will house largest America Ninja Warrior course"
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327:. Cline went on to dominate and become the most highly decorated trampoline champion of all time.
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once used by firefighters to catch people jumping out of burning buildings were invented in 1887.
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skills in training before they are used in the actual sporting venue. Examples can be found in
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filmed blanket tossing initiation of a new recruit in Company F, 1st Ohio Volunteers in 1898.
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668:(CITs) as a children's attraction. These have safety nets on the sides to prevent injuries.
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in the late 1930s and decided to use an anglicized form as the trademark for the apparatus.
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8:
1964:
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119:) during a spring celebration of whale harvest. There is also some evidence of people in
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programme again brought the trampoline into use to help train both American and Soviet
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between the gaps in the springs and the rest of the body falling off the trampoline.
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estimated there were 100,000 hospital emergency room visits for trampoline injuries.
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of Nissen, and held in London in 1964. The first World Champions were both American,
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having been tossed into the air by a number of people holding a blanket. Mak in the
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form of small trampoline covered by bedclothes, on which acrobats performed mostly
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115:, who would toss blanket dancers into the air on a walrus skin one at a time (see
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There are a number of other sports that use trampolines to help develop and hone
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53:
813:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT School of Engineering. March 2004.
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Another of the most common sources of serious injury is an attempt to perform
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This article is about the device. For the competitive gymnastic sport, see
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seriously injured his ankle while jumping at a commercial jump centre in
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1127:"Want to Snag Millennials on a Budget? Create Selfie-Worthy Experiences"
2005:
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One of the earliest pioneers of trampoline as a competitive sport was
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1375:"Hidden camera reveals trampoline parks ignoring dangerous behaviour"
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Trampoline activity has been used by science teachers to illustrate
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With safety nets, the risk of falling off the trampoline is reduced.
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Device people can bounce on for recreational or competitive purposes
2015:
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1286:"Death at B.C. trampoline park prompts call for safety regulations"
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2010:
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A Sportswriter's Life: From the Desk of a New York Times Reporter
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and twists. Trampolines also feature in the competitive sport of
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32:
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1567:
1427:"Study Of Trampoline-Related Injuries Calls For Ban On Devices"
1155:"Battle between dueling trampoline parks shaping up in Daytona"
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acceleration, including the weightless phase. The interplay of
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446:
289:, giving them experience of variable body positions in flight.
228:
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120:
45:
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became paralyzed from the neck down in a trampoline accident.
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models depending on the age and manufacturer of the unit. The
1995:
1937:
1028:"Businessman turning former studios into a trampoline palace"
987:
WestView Trampoline Community site - Trampoline History p. 19
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508:
436:
112:
49:
799:
WestView Trampoline Community site - Trampoline History p. 3
478:
256:
1463:
Fitness, Council on Sports Medicine And (October 1, 2012).
1182:"CircusTrix Pounces on Operator of Indoor Trampoline Parks"
752:"Sideshow World, Sideshow Performers from around the world"
734:
due to the trampoline and weightlessness becomes apparent.
487:
414:
999:"Big Bounce in Trampoline Parks Puts Safety in Spotlight"
1053:"Indoor trampoline parks are 'springing' up everywhere!"
482:
Example of a bungee setup; Small, no trampoline version.
216:
own right. Nissen explained that the name came from the
653:
Kits are available for home trampolines that provide a
272:
227:. Nissen had heard the word on a demonstration tour in
241:
The generic term for the trademarked trampoline was a
1542:. New York: Workman Publishing Co., Inc. p. 67.
872:"Surprising Generic Terms That Were Once Trademarks"
111:
A game similar to trampolining was developed by the
249:. It has since lost its trademark and has become a
380:
44:is a device consisting of a piece of taut, strong
2063:
1465:"Trampoline Safety in Childhood and Adolescence"
75:
951:. WestView Trampoline Community. Archived from
1364:, September 24, 2012, retrieved August 2, 2016
829:
811:"Inventor of the Week Archive - George Nissen"
544:
1594:
1540:The Book of Wildly Spectacular Sports Science
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1097:International Association of Trampoline Parks
581:landing at a trampoline park. In March 2012,
553:House of Air Trampoline Park in San Francisco
486:A bungee trampoline is an attraction at many
1505:– via pediatrics.aappublications.org.
537:Despite being an inflatable device, unlike
431:
342:. Both Jeff and Leigh Hennessy are in the
182:
1601:
1587:
1449:
498:have bungee trampolines on board and some
456:
403:a training tool for other acrobatic sports
301:Girls competing in synchronised trampoline
1480:
1351:"Doctors warn of trampoline injury risks"
945:"Trampoline Training During World War II"
187:The first modern trampoline was built by
1537:
974:FÉDÉRATION INTERNATIONALE DE GYMNASTIQUE
835:
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600:
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477:
435:
413:
401:. One main advantage of trampolining as
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269:and was used in space training at NASA.
255:
94:
79:
31:
1462:
1437:from the original on September 24, 2015
1323:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
1206:
426:
2064:
1263:"Joba’s a pitcher of calm on 911 tape"
1146:
1087:
1060:Association of Indoor Trampoline Parks
1050:
1009:from the original on December 26, 2017
1582:
1332:from the original on January 26, 2017
1207:Miracle, Veronica (August 25, 2016).
1200:
473:
292:
2046:
1244:from the original on August 11, 2016
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1124:
869:
518:
336:University of Louisiana at Lafayette
313:first Trampoline World Championships
273:Use in flight and astronaut training
207:on the gymnastics team, both at the
1174:
1118:
908:from the original on June 10, 2010.
870:Kane, Colleen (February 17, 2011).
671:
349:The competitive gymnastic sport of
211:, United States. They had observed
56:. People bounce on trampolines for
13:
1401:"The Truth About Trampoline Parks"
1296:from the original on April 6, 2018
1153:Park, Clayton (October 20, 2015).
817:from the original on June 30, 2007
704:
14:
2088:
1608:
1560:
2045:
2036:
2035:
1566:
1497:from the original on May 3, 2018
842:. University of Missouri Press.
836:Eskenazi, Gerald (May 3, 2018).
99:Iñupiat blanket toss during the
36:A youth bouncing on a trampoline
1538:Connolly, Sean (October 2016).
1531:
1509:
1419:
1393:
1367:
1344:
1308:
1278:
1256:
1226:
1088:Sarris, Tracy (April 1, 2015).
1081:
1051:Sarris, Tracy (April 1, 2014).
1044:
1021:
991:
980:
959:
920:"How the Trampoline Came to Be"
782:"Blanket-tossing a new recruit"
409:
381:Cross-training for other sports
260:1968 demonstration of Spaceball
1160:The Daytona Beach News-Journal
937:
912:
894:
863:
803:
792:
774:
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490:, holiday resorts and several
203:competitor and Griswold was a
52:frame often using many coiled
1:
737:
711:Newton's Three Laws of Motion
666:closed inflatable trampolines
539:closed inflatable trampolines
76:Early trampoline-like devices
1125:Page, Bubba (June 2, 2016).
149:The 19th-century poster for
7:
545:Commercial trampoline parks
25:Trampoline (disambiguation)
10:
2093:
2072:Brands that became generic
522:
304:
129:The Second Shepherds' Play
90:Amundsen's Maud Expedition
70:
60:and competitive purposes.
18:
2031:
1988:
1918:
1885:
1791:
1616:
1521:February 8, 2009, at the
859:– via Google Books.
720:In co-operation with the
596:
432:Recreational trampolines
183:First modern trampolines
1356:August 9, 2016, at the
1268:March 30, 2012, at the
701:sell mini-trampolines.
457:Competitive trampolines
245:and the sport began as
1813:Cigar box manipulation
1482:10.1542/peds.2012-2082
1033:March 3, 2014, at the
683:
606:
554:
534:
483:
441:
419:
302:
261:
195:in 1936. Nissen was a
177:Thomas A. Edison, Inc.
125:Wakefield Mystery Play
108:
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84:Inuit blanket toss in
37:
23:. For other uses, see
756:www.sideshowworld.com
681:
604:
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532:
481:
439:
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353:has been part of the
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259:
98:
83:
35:
1575:at Wikimedia Commons
1292:. January 26, 2018.
1069:on February 26, 2015
924:Smithsonian Magazine
902:"Trampoline history"
882:on December 26, 2023
722:University of Bremen
573:(and its subsidiary
427:Types of trampolines
48:stretched between a
1895:Equestrian vaulting
1274:New York Daily News
1186:Wall Street Journal
955:on October 6, 2012.
786:Library of Congress
88:(1922-1923) during
1325:. September 2000.
1188:. February 1, 2018
976:. October 1, 2019.
949:Trampoline History
713:, as well as the "
693:regime. So-called
684:
607:
555:
535:
507:models along with
484:
474:Bungee trampolines
442:
420:
315:were organised by
303:
293:Competitive sports
262:
236:Cedar Rapids, Iowa
209:University of Iowa
173:William Daly Paley
109:
93:
86:Wainwright, Alaska
38:
2059:
2058:
1955:Human firecracker
1571:Media related to
1549:978-0-7611-8928-2
1516:Trampoline Safety
1407:. October 5, 2018
1381:. October 5, 2018
1362:CBC News - Health
1238:Phoenix New Times
1106:on March 29, 2017
1005:. June 30, 2015.
967:"Apparatus Norms"
715:elastic collision
519:Water trampolines
334:, a coach at the
251:generic trademark
105:Utqiagvik, Alaska
2084:
2049:
2048:
2039:
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1900:Human cannonball
1855:Fire performance
1828:Hat manipulation
1818:Contact juggling
1666:Chair acrobatics
1603:
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1527:Consumer Affairs
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1240:. June 5, 2013.
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1099:. Archived from
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1062:. Archived from
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878:. Archived from
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762:on March 3, 2016
758:. Archived from
748:
691:physical fitness
672:Mini-trampolines
587:Joba Chamberlain
583:New York Yankees
533:Water trampoline
399:freestyle skiing
325:Judy Wills Cline
247:rebound tumbling
65:potential energy
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1783:Trick riding
1706:Hand to hand
1671:Chinese pole
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1975:Target girl
1931:Lion taming
1905:Teeterboard
1870:Firewalking
1865:Fire eating
1756:Spanish web
1746:Slacklining
1736:Russian bar
1686:Corde lisse
1676:Cloud swing
1651:Aerial silk
1646:Aerial hoop
1636:Acrobalance
1573:Trampolines
1336:February 6,
1192:February 9,
640:somersaults
623:Marketplace
500:ski resorts
464:Quebec City
359:somersaults
321:Dan Millman
139:Don Quixote
2066:Categories
2006:Roustabout
1965:Ringmaster
1910:Trampoline
1681:Contortion
1628:contortion
1618:Acrobatics
1469:Pediatrics
1290:ctvnews.ca
1218:August 27,
1166:August 27,
1138:August 27,
1136:Retrieved
738:References
695:rebounding
571:CircusTrix
523:See also:
440:Bounce mat
395:gymnastics
375:volleyball
367:basketball
287:astronauts
197:gymnastics
161:routines.
42:trampoline
1970:Strongman
1960:Puppeteer
1761:Tightrope
1751:Slackwire
1701:Hair hang
1696:Cyr wheel
1110:March 28,
1073:March 28,
821:April 13,
727:free fall
505:hydraulic
449:or woven
387:acrobatic
371:Bossaball
317:Ted Blake
221:trampolín
144:life nets
117:Nalukataq
101:Nalukataq
2041:Category
2016:Sideshow
1887:Vaulting
1833:Twirling
1808:Bullwhip
1793:Juggling
1519:Archived
1495:Archived
1491:23008455
1435:Archived
1354:Archived
1327:Archived
1294:Archived
1266:Archived
1248:June 15,
1242:Archived
1031:Archived
1007:Archived
1003:ABC News
929:June 14,
906:Archived
886:March 8,
815:Archived
585:pitcher
575:Sky Zone
525:Blobbing
363:Slamball
2051:Commons
2011:Showman
1989:Related
1823:Diabolo
1766:Trapeze
1623:balance
1411:July 6,
1385:July 6,
1213:KFSN-TV
494:. Some
277:During
218:Spanish
213:trapeze
205:tumbler
71:History
54:springs
1798:object
1776:Static
1771:Flying
1721:Risley
1691:Cradle
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567:Canada
447:canvas
397:, and
391:diving
369:, and
229:Mexico
201:diving
166:circus
159:comedy
132:, and
121:Europe
107:(2006)
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1996:Carny
1938:Clown
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1848:Plate
1838:Baton
1716:Perch
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591:Tampa
509:winch
488:fairs
113:Inuit
50:steel
1843:Hoop
1796:and
1544:ISBN
1503:2018
1487:PMID
1443:2018
1413:2019
1387:2019
1338:2017
1302:2018
1250:2016
1220:2016
1194:2018
1168:2016
1140:2016
1132:Inc.
1112:2017
1075:2017
1015:2018
931:2023
888:2024
876:CNBC
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