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Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway

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required powerful 4-6-0 and 2-8-0 locomotives, which seem to have handled the traffic comfortably, although trains often had to be divided between Mono Road and Charleston (Caledon). The small narrow-gauge engines were able to cope with normal winter weather, but there were major blockages of the line in the 'snowbelt' country above Orangeville, which sometimes closed the line for several weeks. The TG&BR was sometimes unable, for many months, to pay the overtime wages for manually clearing these drifts. There were few public accidents, but a severe toll of industrial fatalities to the operating staff.
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than those of large railways such as the GTR and CPR. The gross TG&BR profit was barely equivalent to 4-5% on its outstanding bonds, which had been sold with a guaranteed return of 7-8%. This left nothing for renewals of equipment and trackage or for the stockholders. The Grey extension to Owen Sound carried a vigorous traffic in passengers and freight, for onward carriage to the Lakehead by steamers. The Bruce extension to Teeswater was very sparsely used in the 1870s and there were continuous efforts to devise an economic passenger service to suit the circumstances.
293: 1449: 1546: 261:, who undertook to raise the capital required in London if they obtained the contract. As a result of the exorbitant cost of land and charters, overbuilding stone bridges and stations to English standards, and initial lack of traffic to support the capital cost, the line was soon insolvent. This failure together with a severe recession, and the US Civil War meant that no more capital could be raised, and almost no railways were built in Canada during the 1860s. 1560: 208: 1457:
of new locomotives and freight cars, just in time to suffer the devastating effects of poor grain harvests and the business recession of the mid-late 1870s. This weighed heavily on the line's ability to pay a return on the capital invested, and the TG&BR entered a period of constant insolvency, and recurrent efforts to re-structure the debt.
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Laidlaw and other directors fanned out through the townships speaking at taxpayer meetings in support of bonuses for the railways. His messianic style at these meetings often generated so much enthusiasm that motions were immediately approved to grant large sums in support of the lines. On the morrow
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took up the challenge. He was a business associate of the powerful Gooderham and Worts Distillery interests, and other Toronto bankers and merchants. Laidlaw advertised in newspapers in London, England, for suggestions as to how railways might be built more cheaply in Canada. He received a reply from
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Lumber and firewood gradually declined and was not compensated for by the expected increase in agricultural produce. Operating ratios (costs/receipts) were worse than the T&NR, but not substantially different from those of other small Ontario railways of the period. They were substantially worse
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Passenger and freight traffic on the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway grew strongly at first, challenging the ability of the line to carry all that was offered. The TG&BR directors reacted tardily, causing many complaints about the backlogs of traffic. Eventually they did buy substantial numbers
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Some details of these TG&BR locomotives have long been confused in early historical reviews, and the errors repeated in subsequent publications. Reference to the original company records held by Library and Archives Canada, the published Annual Reports of the Company, the Avonside Engine Company
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The Toronto, Grey and Bruce and the Toronto and Nipissing Railways were promoted at the same time and with similar objectives by an interlocking group of Ontario businessmen and politicians. It is not surprising that the group saved by employing one chief engineer to apply the same design principles
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Most of the early TG&BR freight and passenger cars were built by Dickey, Neill and Company at the Beverley Street Foundry, Toronto. The Company was a substantial investor in the TG&BR. The first passenger cars were notable in having a compound curved roof with a high centre section, giving
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in 1867, and the political promise of a transcontinental railway to the Pacific. Merchants, industrialists, and politicians of Toronto, Ontario and surrounding counties began to look for ways of opening up the back country 'bush' north of the city to settlement and trade. Lakes and rivers had been
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In any case, no one would volunteer the capital to convert the gauge. Eventually, there were warnings that the line was becoming unsafe by the deterioration of wooden trestles and iron rails and would soon have to close. The bondholders lost patience and seized the line. They approached the Grand
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The typical passenger service consisted of two trains per day each way between Owen Sound and Toronto; there was only one return trip each day from Teeswater to Orangeville. Orangeville had three trains a day to and from Toronto. Freight traffic over the Caledon Hills and the heights near Dundalk
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Contrary to the hopes of the promoters, the proceeds from bonuses, grants, and stock sales fell short of paying for construction of the roadbed and structures by over $ 400,000. This deficit and the cost of purchasing iron and equipment had to be made up by issuing bonds whose guaranteed interest
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Long campaigns ensued with businessmen and progressive farmers whose lots would be near the line advocating large unconditional grants and those in more distant locations opposing the free bonuses of tax money. Generally, the response of the settlers, anxious to expand opportunities for trade and
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On the lower part of the line, as far as Orangeville, municipal bonuses were generally given freely and generously, but beyond that place Garafraxa and Luther townships did not contribute towards the 15 miles of the line along their township borders. At first blocked from reaching Owen Sound via
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The first longer flatcars were built using imported sets of Clark's radial gear and put into service with the construction contractors. The intention was that they would go more easily around tight curves. Whether through bad design, poor assembly, or abuse and heavy uneven loading by the
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The poor financial returns on investment of all small Ontario railways in the late 1870s caused severe discontent among the bondholders. Many charged that the TG&BR's troubles were due to the narrow gauge which made freight haulage uneconomical. From 1877, there were many calls for
580:, to come to Canada at once to take up the engineering of both lines. In August Wragge visited Pihl in Norway to see his narrow gauge lines and arrived in Toronto in September 1869. The tenders for the first sections of line were immediately put out. 284:. Most roads were passable in winter (hard frozen) and summer (hard baked) but impassable mud troughs in spring and fall. The government struggled to find a way to provide essential railway service inexpensively through wild, unsettled territory. 3072: 1399:
Based partly on contemporary British railway practice, the experience of Sir Charles Fox and Sons on the Queensland Railways, and Carl Abraham Pihl's work in Norway, the early rolling stock was intended to consist of short four-wheel
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arrangement. The four-wheel boxcars were reliable and suited the traffic at first but became too small for the increasing traffic and were not added to after 1874. Many became wayside grounded tool vans after gauge standardisation.
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The engineering of the TG&BR was of the more substantial nature on the two lines; including three major bridges at the crossing of the Humber River, the Grand River, and the Saugeen River at Mount Forest; and the ascent of the
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was to commence at Mount Forest or Durham. A line from Toronto first had to get to the Humber Valley at Weston by means of a third rail in the 5 ft 6in gauge track of the Grand Trunk Railway, proceed up the Humber Valley to
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By late 1874, when the TG&BR was open to Owen Sound and almost complete to Teeswater, the approximate total of the capital account, excluding minor receipts and expenses, since the start of construction in 1869, was:
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The most dangerous job was brakesman, with many young men being crippled or killed when walking along the tops of vehicles to manually screw down brakes and when manually coupling cars using the highly dangerous
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by George Laidlaw, and John Gordon during a visit to England in the Spring of 1869. This was before the appointment of Edmund Wragge as Chief Engineer, and it is likely that they were advised to order them by
727:. The final order to Avonside was for three small and one large 4-6-0. late delivery of these engines from England in 1873 was responsible in large part for the locomotive order going to Baldwin for six 2792: 2089: 248:
Investment funds for railways were scarce in the Dominion of Canada because the economy was mainly agricultural, and most capital was tied up in land. The line was constructed by the English contractors
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travel, was generous. However, when strongly opposed, Laidlaw's combative and insulting responses could generate such opposition that townships delayed contributing money for years or refused entirely.
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In CPR service on construction of the Lake Superior section as CPR No.156 (Avonside engine coupled to a tender from one of the TG&BR Baldwin Moguls). Later sold to the Pontiac and Renfrew Railway.
424:) "Provincial" gauge and claimed that the choice of the narrow gauge was a ruse to ensure that all the traffic of the districts would be exclusively trans-shipped at Toronto, rather than Hamilton and 3147: 576:
came to Canada several times in 1868 and 1869 to support the parliamentary campaign and verify the surveys. On his return to England in summer of 1869, he made arrangements for an associate,
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delivered in 1874. The most successful of all these locomotives, judged by their utilisation, were the Avonside 4-6-0s. One of the 4-4-0s and several of the 4-6-0s and 2-8-0s continued in
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the local politicians often had second and more sober thoughts and sought to control the process themselves, trying to dictate where and when the money would be spent, and on what.
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construction gangs, the six-wheel cars proved disastrously prone to derailment and were soon put aside in favour of cars re-equipped with two standard North American four-wheel
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extra headroom over the centre gangway; an arrangement often seen on horse-drawn streetcars of the period. Some later freight cars were built by the James Crossen Works, of
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of Toronto, who later became Toronto City Engineer. Edmund Wragge remained Chief Engineer of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway until its absorption into the CPR.
672: 683:, William Innes McKenzie himself became insolvent and the line from Harriston to Teeswater was completed in November 1874 by small contractors from Mount Forest. 3162: 2912: 588:(Caledon Mountain) between Mono Road and Charleston (now Caledon village) which involved a "horseshoe" reverse curve of 500 ft (152 m) radius and a 366:
of 1851. Fox had a very influential consulting practice throughout the former British Empire and Colonies and was instrumental in gaining acceptance for the
3132: 675:(Owen Sound to Berkeley), completed in August 1873. Shanly completed this work satisfactorily but subsequently encountered financial difficulties with a 2852: 770: 567: 340:) with all major construction in wood, which system he had developed since the early 1860s. Pihl's ideas had been noticed in Britain where the smaller 3223: 2857: 2757: 642: 528:, to Mount Forest and Durham, where it would split into a northerly branch to Southampton and a southerly one to Kincardine. Another branch north to 671:
The contract for the Grey Extension from Orangeville Junction to Owen Sound was split between Frank Shanly (Orangeville Junction to Berkeley), and
638: 231:(Ontario), was delayed by lack of capital and industrial infrastructure. The first major national railway development was the construction of the 3253: 657: 2604: 329:, which opened in 1854 where the same issues of overbuilding a line in a small farming and fishing economy, had led to an unaffordable railway. 3208: 2752: 665: 1473:. The worst incident on the TG&BR occurred at Arthur when a passenger was killed by shots fired at a train crew by drunken members of the 441:
George Laidlaw sought to raise money to finance the construction of the narrow-gauge railways by the following means, in order of preference:
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contract, and the work on the Bruce Extension from Mount Forest to Harriston was awarded solely to McKenzie. After the death of his partner,
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The TG&B suffered from engineering and financial problems throughout its existence, and its struggle to finance a gauge conversion from
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arriving for the ceremony of turning the first sod of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway, in Weston, Ontario, in 1869.
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The successful contract bidder on the first section of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway as far as Mount Forest was
3193: 2967: 2742: 2159: 1598: 1518:, but in fact, the line had no lack of capacity. The real issue was overcapacity during a protracted traffic slump. 2962: 2957: 2882: 2714: 2444: 2214: 2114: 2074: 2039: 408:, came to the aid of the promoters with a speech in Toronto. The main opposition to the narrow gauge came from the 3122: 3057: 3017: 2922: 2762: 2449: 2334: 1573: 1527: 537:
and then traverse the Caledon Mountain to gain Orangeville via the Credit Valley. The line would then go west to
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payments were a heavy burden on the income of the TG&BR and ultimately were to prove fatal to its prospects.
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In the mid-1870s, the TG&BR owned 18 cars in passenger and mail service, and 466 freight cars of all types.
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which supported that town's claim to be the hub (rather than Toronto) of railway traffic for western Ontario.
313:, first managing engineer of Norway's Railway Construction Bureau. Pihl had worked on the construction, under 3137: 3097: 3032: 2892: 2772: 2704: 2589: 2534: 2464: 2224: 2129: 2034: 1991: 1578: 774: 430: 195:. The bulk of the former TG&B lines were managed under Canadian Pacific's Bruce Division, which had its 3037: 2594: 2509: 2429: 2209: 2069: 1899: 557:. Eventually it abandoned any hope of reaching Kincardine and settled for a western terminus at Teeswater. 82: 2797: 2584: 2539: 2474: 2394: 2384: 2359: 2104: 524:
The Act empowering the Toronto, Grey and Bruce specified that the railway should extend from Toronto via
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Narrow gauge through the bush: Ontario's Toronto Grey & Bruce and Toronto & Nipissing Railways
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Narrow gauge through the bush: Ontario's Toronto Grey & Bruce and Toronto & Nipissing Railways
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Old bridge on Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway located in Chatsworth just south of Owen Sound, Ontario
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of New Brunswick, who conducted the preliminary surveys over the ground to Orangeville and Uxbridge.
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the principal means of transportation but they were frozen and unusable for 4–5 months of the year.
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in late 1881. Unfortunately, the GTR encountered its own financial problems in digesting the
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Bonuses approved by vote of taxpayers from each township and county on the route of the line
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was received from Avonside together with another, larger, 4-6-0. Then followed two small
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as his first resident engineer on the TG&BR. Later one of the resident engineers was
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The choice of the narrow gauge led to vigorous challenges in London, England and Canada.
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at Orangeville, the junction of the original TG&B lines to Owen Sound and Teeswater.
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Trunk Railway, which obtained control of the TG&BR and financed the renewals and
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Provincial government grants per mile of track built, under the "Aid to Railways Act"
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Road construction was primitive, and trees were cut down and laid side by side in
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from 1873 to 1879 offered the unusual coincidence of parallel running with the
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and Sons, the firm founded by the eminent engineer and constructor of the
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Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway, Baldwin Locomotive Company 2-8-0, No. 16
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and choices on both lines. The first consulting engineer in Canada was
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in the east. Both lines were proposing to build competing lines on the
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led to a takeover by bondholders and subsequent acquisition by the
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in Wales was also proving a success. After a visit to Norway the
173: 157: 30: 207: 1870:"Narrow Gauge Through the Bush", Charles Cooper's Railway Pages 1534:, a proxy for the Canadian Pacific Railway, on August 1, 1883. 1401: 269: 264:
There was a return of confidence with the Confederation of the
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Change of gauge and absorption by the Canadian Pacific Railway
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have established the correct numbering and data cited below:
728: 720: 696: 692: 277: 376:) gauge in Canada, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa. 322: 1875:"Toronto Grey and Bruce", R. L. Kennedy's Old Time Trains 387:, used its columns to violently criticise the advice of 3244:
History of rail transport in Wellington County, Ontario
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Durham, the TG&BR eventually soundly trounced the
1830: 1541: 156:(TG&B) was a railway company which operated in 3249:History of rail transport in Huron County, Ontario 1797: 1780: 1710: 1452:Woodbridge station along the TG&B, circa 1880. 1880:"Narrow Gauge Through the Bush", R. Milland Pages 3185: 332:He now advocated the use of the narrow gauge of 288:Choice of narrow gauge, promotion, and financing 160:, Canada in the years immediately following the 658:Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn 595:The line leaving Toronto Union Station through 691:The first locomotives on the TG&BR were a 1900: 708:based on his similar recommendations for the 383:, the editor of the London technical journal 1783:The Toronto Grey and Bruce Railway 1863-1884 317:, of the first Norwegian trunk railway the 1907: 1893: 1778: 164:of 1867. It connected two rural counties, 769:(UK), and the Baldwin Order books in the 3224:History of rail transport in Grey County 1795: 1708: 1677: 1447: 652: 291: 206: 1068:Philadelphia and Atlantic City Railroad 3254:Canadian companies established in 1868 3186: 1831:Beaumont, Ralph; Filby, James (1980). 1747: 1617: 3209:Canadian Pacific Railway subsidiaries 1888: 219:Early development of railways in the 1594:History of rail transport in Canada 13: 3204:3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Canada 547:Wellington, Grey and Bruce Railway 541:, and then north to Mount Forest. 414:Port Whitby and Port Perry Railway 410:Wellington, Grey and Bruce Railway 14: 3265: 3239:Transport in Orangeville, Ontario 3234:Rail transport in Dufferin County 1863: 1599:List of defunct Canadian railways 517:Total Expenditures 2,562,000 492:Total Receipts 2,573,000 300:A charismatic Scots-born Toronto 172:, with the provincial capital of 3199:Narrow gauge railways in Ontario 1558: 1544: 1394: 637:) rail lines. Wragge appointed 1791:: Upper Canada Railway Society. 1713:Narrow gauge railways of Canada 1680:Narrow gauge railways of Canada 1574:Narrow-gauge railways in Canada 1530:and had to cede control to the 1098:sold to Suffolk Lumber Company 648: 436:Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway 154:Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway 17:Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway 3229:Rail transport in Bruce County 3214:1868 establishments in Ontario 1657: 1648: 1611: 686: 560: 513:Rolling Stock 392,000 510:Iron and Fastenings 368,000 507:Construction 1,649,000 504:Right of Way 47,000 501:Engineering 206,000 488:Sale of Bonds 1,201,000 485:Calls on Stock 271,000 482:Government Grants 232,000 479:Municipal Bonuses 869,000 1: 1779:McIlwraith, Thomas F (1963). 1670: 1626:: R. Clarke and R. Beaumont. 1579:Toronto and Nipissing Railway 775:Southern Methodist University 431:Toronto and Nipissing Railway 202: 3219:Rail transport in Owen Sound 1443: 404:, the chief engineer of the 83:Orangeville-Brampton Railway 7: 1756:: R Clarke and R Beaumont. 1537: 10: 3270: 1532:Ontario and Quebec Railway 1209:one of 931,932,933,or 934 609:Northern Railway of Canada 193:Ontario and Quebec Railway 73:Ontario and Quebec Railway 3175:List of Canadian railways 3171: 2723: 2243: 2010: 1927: 1833:Running Late on the Bruce 1800:Steam Trains to the Bruce 1723:Fitzhenry & Whiteside 1589:Rail transport in Ontario 677:Midland Railway of Canada 133: 96: 91: 65: 57: 46: 36: 26: 21: 3194:Defunct Ontario railways 1796:Beaumont, Ralph (1977). 1604: 1584:List of Ontario railways 1373:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1344:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1315:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1286:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1257:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1228:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1083:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1051:Baldwin Locomotive Works 759:Canadian Pacific Railway 725:Baldwin Locomotive Works 601:5 ft 6 in 418:5 ft 6 in 369:3 ft 6 in 354:) gauge was taken up by 347:3 ft 6 in 334:3 ft 6 in 321:from Christiania (today 238:5 ft 6 in 235:of Canada on a gauge of 189:Canadian Pacific Railway 139:3 ft 6 in 78:Canadian Pacific Railway 1709:LavallĂ©e, Omer (2005). 1678:LavallĂ©e, Omer (1972). 1404:, and longer six-wheel 1199:Avonside Engine Company 1170:Avonside Engine Company 1141:Avonside Engine Company 1112:Avonside Engine Company 1022:Avonside Engine Company 993:Avonside Engine Company 963:Avonside Engine Company 934:Avonside Engine Company 905:Avonside Engine Company 876:Avonside Engine Company 847:Avonside Engine Company 818:Avonside Engine Company 767:Leeds Industrial Museum 701:Avonside Engine Company 191:through its proxy, the 1839:: Boston Mills Press. 1808:: Boston Mills Press. 1453: 673:William Innes McKenzie 661: 549:in bonus elections in 297: 266:British North American 216: 162:Canadian Confederation 2724:Former or fallen flag 2011:Former or fallen flag 1663:LavallĂ©e (1972) p.106 1528:Great Western Railway 1471:link-and-pin couplers 1451: 997:0-6-6-0 Fairlie type 656: 295: 223:, which consisted of 210: 1748:Clarke, Rod (2007). 1654:LavallĂ©e (1972) p.15 1618:Clarke, Rod (2007). 1488:converting the gauge 1008:scrapped after 1883 958:Rice Lewis & Son 949:scrapped after 1883 920:scrapped after 1883 900:R. Walker & Sons 891:scrapped after 1883 862:scrapped after 1883 833:scrapped after 1883 765:records held at the 438:, on March 4, 1868. 412:in the west and the 2726:short line railways 2247:short line railways 2244:Current (operating) 1928:Current (operating) 710:Queensland Railways 406:Queensland Railways 233:Grand Trunk Railway 18: 1920:class III railways 1477:on July 12, 1872. 1454: 662: 586:Niagara Escarpment 402:Abraham Fitzgibbon 342:Ffestiniog Railway 298: 221:Province of Canada 217: 58:Dates of operation 16: 3181: 3180: 2013:regional railways 1930:regional railways 1846:978-0-919822-32-0 1815:978-0-919822-21-4 1763:978-0-9784406-0-2 1732:978-1-55041-830-9 1717:(Rev. ed.). 1693:978-0-919130-21-0 1686:: Railfare Book. 1633:978-0-9784406-0-2 1392: 1391: 757:service with the 699:ordered from the 695:and some smaller 496:Expenditures ($ ) 393:Hamilton, Ontario 315:Robert Stephenson 311:Carl Abraham Pihl 150: 149: 3261: 2943:M&MR/M&M 1909: 1902: 1895: 1886: 1885: 1858: 1827: 1803: 1792: 1786: 1775: 1744: 1716: 1705: 1664: 1661: 1655: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1615: 1568: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1554: 1549: 1548: 1547: 1524:gauge conversion 1517: 1511: 1507: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1497: 780: 779: 771:DeGolyer Library 752: 748: 746: 745: 741: 738: 632: 630: 629: 625: 622: 614: 606: 602: 568:John Edward Boyd 423: 419: 375: 370: 364:Great Exhibition 353: 348: 339: 335: 282:'corduroy' roads 244: 239: 197:divisional point 145: 140: 128: 122: 118: 116: 115: 111: 108: 51:Southern Ontario 19: 15: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3184: 3183: 3182: 3177: 3167: 3023:PAD&WR/PADW 2725: 2719: 2245: 2239: 2012: 2006: 1929: 1923: 1913: 1866: 1861: 1847: 1816: 1764: 1733: 1694: 1673: 1668: 1667: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1649: 1634: 1616: 1612: 1607: 1564: 1559: 1557: 1552:Railways portal 1550: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1513: 1509: 1502: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1492:4 ft  1491: 1483: 1446: 1423:trucks (bogies) 1397: 1380:September 1874 1351:September 1874 1180:one of 935-939 1151:one of 935-939 1122:one of 935-939 1090:September 1871 1058:September 1871 883:September 1870 750: 743: 739: 736: 734: 733:4 ft  732: 689: 651: 643:Charles Sproatt 627: 623: 620: 618: 617:4 ft  616: 612: 604: 600: 592:of 2% or 1:50. 563: 535:Bolton, Ontario 426:Whitby, Ontario 421: 417: 373: 368: 356:Sir Charles Fox 351: 346: 337: 333: 290: 242: 237: 205: 143: 138: 124: 120: 113: 109: 106: 104: 103:4 ft  102: 87: 61:1868–1883 12: 11: 5: 3267: 3257: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3179: 3178: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3166: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3018:O&RRR/ORRR 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 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2008: 2007: 2005: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1933: 1931: 1925: 1924: 1912: 1911: 1904: 1897: 1889: 1883: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1865: 1864:External links 1862: 1860: 1859: 1845: 1837:Cheltenham, ON 1828: 1814: 1806:Cheltenham, ON 1793: 1776: 1762: 1745: 1731: 1706: 1692: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1656: 1647: 1632: 1609: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1570: 1569: 1566:Ontario portal 1555: 1539: 1536: 1515:standard gauge 1482: 1479: 1445: 1442: 1412:using Clark's 1410:passenger cars 1396: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1303: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1264:February 1874 1262: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1235:February 1874 1233: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1216: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1187: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1158: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1039: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1003:862 & 863 1001: 998: 995: 990: 985: 981: 980: 977: 974: 971: 968: 965: 960: 955: 951: 950: 947: 945: 942: 939: 936: 931: 926: 922: 921: 918: 916: 913: 910: 907: 902: 897: 893: 892: 889: 887: 884: 881: 878: 873: 868: 864: 863: 860: 858: 855: 852: 849: 844: 839: 835: 834: 831: 829: 826: 823: 820: 815: 810: 806: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 790: 787: 784: 755:standard-gauge 688: 685: 650: 647: 639:Alan McDougall 635:standard-gauge 562: 559: 515: 514: 511: 508: 505: 502: 490: 489: 486: 483: 480: 459: 458: 455: 452: 449: 446: 360:Crystal Palace 306:George Laidlaw 289: 286: 268:colonies into 204: 201: 185:standard gauge 148: 147: 135: 134:Previous gauge 131: 130: 126:standard gauge 100: 94: 93: 89: 88: 86: 85: 80: 75: 69: 67: 63: 62: 59: 55: 54: 48: 44: 43: 40: 38:Reporting mark 34: 33: 28: 24: 23: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3266: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3176: 3170: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 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2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2242: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2015: 2009: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1926: 1921: 1917: 1910: 1905: 1903: 1898: 1896: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1867: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1811: 1807: 1802: 1801: 1794: 1790: 1785: 1784: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1714: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1676: 1675: 1660: 1651: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1614: 1610: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1567: 1556: 1553: 1542: 1535: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1519: 1516: 1510:1,435 mm 1489: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1450: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1426: 1424: 1418: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1395:Rolling stock 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1333: 1330: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1007: 1005: 1002: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 983: 982: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 953: 952: 948: 946: 943: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 924: 923: 919: 917: 914: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 895: 894: 890: 888: 885: 882: 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 866: 865: 861: 859: 856: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 842:A.R. McMaster 840: 837: 836: 832: 830: 827: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 808: 807: 803: 800: 798:Works number 797: 794: 791: 788: 785: 782: 781: 778: 776: 772: 768: 762: 760: 756: 751:1,435 mm 730: 726: 722: 718: 715: 711: 707: 702: 698: 694: 684: 682: 678: 674: 669: 667: 659: 655: 646: 644: 640: 636: 613:1,435 mm 610: 605:1,676 mm 598: 593: 591: 587: 581: 579: 578:Edmund Wragge 575: 571: 569: 558: 556: 552: 548: 542: 540: 536: 531: 527: 522: 518: 512: 509: 506: 503: 500: 499: 498: 497: 493: 487: 484: 481: 478: 477: 476: 475: 474:Receipts ($ ) 471: 467: 463: 456: 454:Sale of Bonds 453: 451:Sale of Stock 450: 447: 444: 443: 442: 439: 437: 433: 432: 427: 422:1,676 mm 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 397: 394: 390: 386: 382: 381:Zerah Colburn 377: 374:1,067 mm 371: 365: 361: 357: 352:1,067 mm 349: 343: 338:1,067 mm 330: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 307: 303: 294: 285: 283: 279: 274: 271: 267: 262: 260: 256: 252: 246: 243:1,676 mm 240: 234: 230: 227:(Quebec) and 226: 222: 214: 209: 200: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 177: 176:to the east. 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 144:1,067 mm 141: 136: 132: 127: 121:1,435 mm 101: 99: 95: 90: 84: 81: 79: 76: 74: 71: 70: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 49: 45: 41: 39: 35: 32: 29: 25: 20: 3082: 1832: 1799: 1782: 1749: 1712: 1679: 1659: 1650: 1619: 1613: 1520: 1484: 1475:Orange Order 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1439: 1437:, Delaware. 1427: 1419: 1398: 1367: 1338: 1309: 1280: 1251: 1223:Mount Forest 1222: 1193: 1164: 1135: 1106: 1077: 1045: 1016: 987: 957: 928: 899: 870: 841: 812: 763: 712:. In 1872 a 690: 681:John Shedden 670: 666:Frank Shanly 663: 649:Construction 594: 582: 572: 564: 555:Bruce County 543: 523: 519: 516: 495: 494: 491: 473: 472: 468: 464: 460: 440: 435: 429: 400: 395: 384: 378: 331: 304:and trader, 299: 275: 263: 247: 229:Upper Canada 225:Lower Canada 218: 212: 178: 170:Bruce County 153: 151: 146:) until 1881 27:Headquarters 1754:Toronto, ON 1719:Markham, ON 1414:radial axle 1322:April 1874 1293:April 1874 1252:Orangeville 1206:Early 1873 1177:Early 1873 1148:Early 1873 1119:Early 1873 801:CPR number 706:Douglas Fox 687:Locomotives 574:Douglas Fox 561:Engineering 551:Grey County 526:Orangeville 389:Douglas Fox 385:Engineering 213:Orangeville 166:Grey County 98:Track gauge 3188:Categories 3173:See also: 3163:WTV&IR 3148:WE&LSR 3108:TS&MJR 2858:HG&BER 2793:CW&LER 2090:CW&LER 1671:References 1435:Wilmington 1310:Melancthon 1194:Owen Sound 1029:Late 1871 1000:Late 1872 941:July 1871 871:Kincardine 530:Owen Sound 434:, and the 319:Hovedbanen 302:wharfinger 203:Background 66:Successors 3123:T&YRR 3078:T&SER 3073:T&MER 3063:SW&AR 2978:NN&RW 2968:N&NWR 2933:LB&PR 2918:L&MSR 2913:L&LER 2848:H&NWR 2838:H&BIR 2753:BW&NW 2738:B&HER 2380:FSSR/EKRC 2200:O&QRR 2195:OA&PS 2100:E&NAR 1922:of Canada 1772:166687958 1642:166687958 1624:Paris, ON 1444:Operation 1165:Artemisia 970:Mid 1871 912:May 1871 854:Aug 1870 825:Aug 1870 723:from the 396:Spectator 129:from 1881 92:Technical 42:TG&BR 3158:WG&B 3083:TG&B 2963:N&NR 2923:L&PS 2883:H&SW 2843:H&DR 2818:G&LS 2778:C&SL 2595:S&HR 2225:T&NR 2180:N&PJ 2170:NS&T 2115:H&SW 2040:C&PR 1916:Class II 1855:11832095 1741:52459655 1684:Montreal 1538:See also 1506: in 1136:Sydenham 1078:Amaranth 1066:sold to 789:Builder 747: in 631: in 611:and two 607:)-gauge 597:Parkdale 590:gradient 327:Eidsvoll 280:to form 117: in 53:, Canada 22:Overview 3038:S&L 3003:O&Q 2973:N&S 2898:K&S 2893:K&P 2773:C&K 2130:K&P 2125:ICR/IRC 2035:C&K 1824:4068956 1789:Toronto 1501:⁄ 1431:Cobourg 1402:boxcars 1368:Culross 1281:Sarawak 1107:Holland 1046:Toronto 988:Caledon 783:Number 761:(CPR). 742:⁄ 717:0-6-6-0 714:Fairlie 626:⁄ 362:at the 255:Brassey 174:Toronto 158:Ontario 112:⁄ 31:Toronto 1853:  1843:  1822:  1812:  1770:  1760:  1739:  1729:  1702:516037 1700:  1690:  1640:  1630:  1377:2-8-0 1348:2-8-0 1339:Howick 1319:2-8-0 1290:2-8-0 1261:2-8-0 1232:2-8-0 1203:4-6-0 1174:4-6-0 1145:4-6-0 1116:4-6-0 1087:2-6-0 1055:2-6-0 1026:4-6-0 967:4-4-0 938:4-4-0 929:Albion 909:4-4-0 880:4-4-0 851:4-4-0 822:4-6-0 813:Gordon 804:Notes 729:2-8-0s 721:2-6-0s 697:4-4-0s 539:Arthur 278:swamps 270:Canada 181:narrow 47:Locale 3113:TSt.R 1605:Notes 1383:3640 1354:3636 1325:3552 1296:3551 1267:3525 1238:3524 1093:2538 1061:2534 795:Date 792:Type 786:Name 693:4-6-0 457:Loans 325:) to 259:Betts 3153:WESR 3058:STLH 3048:SCFQ 3008:OCRR 2958:NBEC 2953:MSRT 2948:MKNR 2938:MVRR 2828:GRNR 2823:GFCR 2768:CFMG 2743:BCER 2715:YDHR 2710:WLRC 2705:WHRC 2700:WCRA 2690:WLRS 2685:WABL 2680:VDHR 2675:VAEX 2670:TRRY 2650:STER 2645:STCR 2625:SRCL 2585:RMRS 2575:RLHH 2565:RCRR 2560:QGRY 2555:PSTR 2540:PDCR 2535:PCHR 2510:OBRY 2505:OKAN 2500:NBSR 2490:MNRY 2475:KVSR 2465:KLTR 2450:IRRS 2445:HPHV 2440:HCWR 2435:HCRY 2430:HCRR 2415:GWWD 2390:GHRP 2385:GEXR 2360:ECRM 2355:CWRL 2350:CTRW 2340:CFQG 2315:CEMR 2310:CCGX 2305:CBNS 2300:BLRC 2290:BFDC 2285:BCRY 2270:ARND 2265:APXX 2215:PSCR 2210:PEIR 2105:GTPR 2080:CNoR 2055:CASO 2030:CDAC 2025:BCOL 1982:QNSX 1957:HCRY 1952:HBRY 1937:CSXT 1918:and 1851:OCLC 1841:ISBN 1820:OCLC 1810:ISBN 1768:OCLC 1758:ISBN 1737:OCLC 1727:ISBN 1698:OCLC 1688:ISBN 1638:OCLC 1628:ISBN 1408:and 1406:flat 1386:169 1357:168 1328:167 1299:166 1270:165 1241:164 1212:163 1183:162 1154:161 1125:160 1035:159 1032:866 1017:Mono 976:156 973:840 944:839 915:838 886:809 857:800 828:799 323:Oslo 257:and 251:Peto 215:1874 168:and 152:The 3143:WCR 3138:WAR 3128:WJR 3118:TSR 3103:TRC 3098:TNR 3093:THB 3088:TCR 3053:SOO 3043:SAR 3033:QSR 3013:OLO 2998:NYR 2993:NSR 2988:NSR 2983:NGR 2928:LEN 2908:KVR 2903:KLR 2888:IRM 2878:HSR 2873:HRE 2868:HIR 2863:HGR 2853:HER 2833:GVR 2813:EIR 2808:DWP 2803:DVR 2788:CVR 2783:CVR 2763:CBC 2733:ANY 2695:WCR 2665:TRR 2660:THR 2655:SVI 2640:SSS 2635:SSR 2630:SRY 2620:SOR 2615:SOP 2610:SLQ 2605:SFG 2600:SCR 2580:RLK 2570:RES 2550:POM 2545:PLC 2530:PAR 2525:OVO 2520:OVR 2515:OSR 2495:MDW 2485:LWR 2480:LMR 2470:KPR 2460:KHR 2455:KFR 2425:HPA 2420:GWR 2410:GSR 2405:GJD 2400:GFR 2395:GJR 2375:FLR 2370:ETR 2365:ENR 2345:CRM 2335:CFO 2330:CFS 2325:CFL 2320:CFC 2295:BGS 2280:BRR 2275:ARM 2260:APR 2255:ANR 2220:SLQ 2190:NSR 2185:NRC 2175:NAR 2165:NYC 2160:NTR 2150:MMA 2135:MEC 2120:HBR 2110:GTR 2095:DAR 2075:CMQ 2070:CGR 2065:CER 2060:CCR 2045:CAR 2002:WPY 1997:WCE 1992:TSH 1987:RMV 1977:ONT 1967:KRC 1962:KLR 1947:GOT 1942:EXO 1490:to 1364:20 1335:19 1306:18 1277:17 1248:16 1219:15 1190:14 1161:13 1132:12 1103:11 1074:10 773:of 633:) ( 183:to 3190:: 3133:WI 3068:TI 3028:QC 2798:DH 2758:BR 2748:BQ 2590:RS 2235:VR 2230:TT 2205:PC 2155:NR 2145:MR 2140:MC 2085:CV 2020:AC 1972:NS 1849:. 1835:. 1818:. 1804:. 1787:. 1766:. 1752:. 1735:. 1725:. 1721:: 1696:. 1682:. 1636:. 1622:. 1512:) 1042:9 1013:8 984:7 954:6 925:5 896:4 867:3 838:2 809:1 753:) 253:, 123:) 1908:e 1901:t 1894:v 1857:. 1826:. 1774:. 1743:. 1704:. 1644:. 1508:( 1503:2 1499:1 1496:+ 1494:8 749:( 744:2 740:1 737:+ 735:8 628:2 624:1 621:+ 619:8 615:( 603:( 420:( 372:( 350:( 336:( 241:( 142:( 119:( 114:2 110:1 107:+ 105:8

Index

Toronto
Reporting mark
Southern Ontario
Ontario and Quebec Railway
Canadian Pacific Railway
Orangeville-Brampton Railway
Track gauge
standard gauge
3 ft 6 in
Ontario
Canadian Confederation
Grey County
Bruce County
Toronto
narrow
standard gauge
Canadian Pacific Railway
Ontario and Quebec Railway
divisional point

Province of Canada
Lower Canada
Upper Canada
Grand Trunk Railway
5 ft 6 in
Peto
Brassey
Betts
British North American
Canada

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