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On April 6, 2012, Borge entered the
Military Hospital Alejandro Dávila Bolaños in Managua where he underwent a video-assisted thoracic surgery for a lung condition which had been progressing (according to some unofficial sources, he had cancer because he traveled to Cuba without being treated first).
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to convince
Nicaraguans that Sandino's revolution was not dead. Also, the name Sandino was widely used to elicit strong emotion for the cause using the fallen leader's popularity. Fonseca traveled to Honduras to prepare the logistics that would permit the establishment of the group. On July 23, 1961,
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On July 19, 1981, in celebration of the third anniversary of the revolution, Borge reiterated that national unity, pluralism and a mixed economy were designed to strengthen, not to destabilize the revolutionary process. It was another warning to the opposition and entrepreneurs. At the same time, he
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In 2010, he stated in an interview: "I am proud to be a
Sandinista, to continue being faithful to the red and black flag of our party, to continue being faithful to our revolutionary organization; and to die proud of raising the front, and not having been disloyal to my principles, nor disloyal with
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of 1984, in which seven people were killed, including three journalists, and a dozen seriously injured. According to
Torbiornsson, who survived the bombing, he had been asked by Renán Montero, a Cuban military officer who was working at the time for Borge's Ministry of the Interior, to meet with a
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The
Government of National Reconstruction was a giant task to restore the devastated country, the need for international banks to pay a large external debt left by Somoza and his government. The country has high unemployment and poverty, the treacherous bourgeoisie - an ally of the most reactionary
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Between 1965 and 1966, Tomás Borge headed the
Sandinista newspaper "The Republican Mobilization." The next year, he tried again to create an active guerrilla group in the mountains near the Pancasán region, which was defeated. In 1969, the National Directorate of the FSLN (Borge was a member) named
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On
February 4, 1976, he was arrested and in the course of the arrest, Borge killed the young lieutenant leading the police patrol.He was sent to prison, where he was tortured. While in prison, the FSLN suffered several defeats and heavy losses. Fonseca perished in Zinica (Waslala, North Caribbean
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accused Borge, among others, of the displacement and killing of those who opposed the
Sandinista government, as told by the President of the Permanent Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States(OAS), Marcos Carmona, to the FSLN and opposition in the context of an election
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In the presidential elections held on
November 5, 2006, the Sandinista candidate Daniel Ortega won with 38% of the vote. Borge increased his influence in the government. On March 22, 2007, at his request, he was appointed Ambassador of Nicaragua to Peru, where he served until his death. His
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Official acts were performed in his honor at the
National Palace of Culture, former National Palace, where the chapel once stood. Tomás Borge was buried in the mausoleum of Carlos Fonseca, at the Revolution Square in Managua and the government decreed three days of national mourning.
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The FSLN is divided into three factions and Tomás Borge lead the Prolonged Popular War fraction (GPP). On January 7, 1979, the FSLN came to an agreement on reunification, which was formalized in March, and Borge became one of the nine members of the National Directorate.
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to face off against the National Guard of Nicaragua. The results were disastrous on July 24, 1959, when Fonseca was gravely injured. Then, Borge was in Costa Rica with Silvio Mayorga; they thought Fonseca had perished. Upon reuniting with Fonseca, the three left to
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in his outpost at La Penca. That man turned out to be the bomber. Torbiornsson attempted to press charges against Montero, Borge, and former chief of state security Lenín Cerna for murder and crimes against humanity, but the Sandinista government of President
699:, coordinator of the Communication and Citizenship Council, published news of his death, which had occurred at 20:55 p.m. that night. At the time of his death, Tomás Borge was 81 and had continued staying active in politics as ambassador in Lima, Peru.
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1 de mayo de 2012 Gobierno prepara homenaje en Plaza de la Revolución Managua, Nicaragua | elnuevodiario.com.ni Muere Tomás Borge. Al cierre de nuestra edición el Ejecutivo se aprestaba para declarar tres días de duelo nacional. Johnny Cajina |
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Borge was accused of exerting pressure against the Catholic Church hierarchy and accused it of siding with the Contras. Borge also established the censorship of the press, which was clarified after errors as well as compulsory military service.
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In January 1969, along with Ruiz, Borge was arrested for arms smuggling on the border with Costa Rica. Both are deported to Colombia; there begins a period of exile that took him to Cuba and Peru. In that time, he also visited the base of the
384:, Borge, along with Carlos Fonseca, Francisco Buitrago, Jorge Navarro, Silvio Mayorga, José Benito Escobar, Noel Guerrero, and Germán Pomares, formed the FSLN, which would be the key to the downfall of the Somoza regime and the start of the
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His first task in office was the dissolution of the National Guard and the reviewing of the cases of former Somoza government officials. He also attempted to eliminate crimes (moderate and minor), vagrancy, gambling and drinking.
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In Cuba, Mayorga reunited with a group of young Nicaraguans from Venezuela, and they formed what would later be the "Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional" (National Sandinista Liberation Front). The name was derived from
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dictatorship, which had ruled Nicaragua since the assassination of Sandino. In 1943, he began participating in revolutionary activities, and in 1946, he was editing the newspaper "Espartako" against the regime of General
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We had come to power covered with an aura of holiness. We were 'the boys', heroes of the people we had released. But then came the war, the pressures, the economic crisis and mistakes, and the heroes we were became
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with whom Borge would forge a strong friendship. Borge was six years older than Fonseca, which influenced Borge strongly. With Fonseca, Borge read the first few books that would forge their political philosophies:
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His first wife, Yelba Mayorga, was killed in 1979 during the guerrilla struggle and had 5 daughters. Later, he married Josephine Cerda and had several children with her. In 2007, he married the Peruvian actress
159:. He was also a renowned statesman, writer, and politician. Tomás Borge also held the titles of "Vice-Secretary and President of the FSLN", member of the Nicaraguan Parliament and National Congress, and
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The FSLN was established in Honduras on the banks of the Patuka River. In 1962, the FSLN had 60 men in its ranks. Borge crossed into Nicaragua to recruit more members to the Sandinista cause.
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521:, President of the Congress, as established in the Constitution of 1974 would take place in the absence of the president. Somoza fled on 17 July and Urcuyo was named president.
354:, Fonseca, Borge, and a few companions decided to use militant tactics to fight against the Somoza regime. They participated in the formation of a militia under the command of
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Borge was the last survivor of the founders of the FSLN and one of its most important figures. Rosario Murillo said in reporting his death that Borge, as Borge had said of
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Coast Autonomous Region of Nicaragua). Borge was in prison in Matagalpa; a colonel in the National Guard told him the news of Fonseca's death, to which Borge said
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Otto Castro, a friend of both Borge and the president of Honduras at the time, arranged for Borge's release. Borge then travelled using a false passport to
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On April 9, he was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit after a respiratory complication developed while staying under medical supervision. On April 30,
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The triumphant guerrilla troops entered Managua on 19 July 1979. Days earlier, on July 11, Borge attended a meeting of the National Directorate along with
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Borge was the author of several works of poetry, essays, and an autobiography. The Cuban poet Roberto Fernandez Retamar believes that Borge's book "
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After the electoral defeat of 1990, some members of the National Directorate abandoned politics, and the FSLN underwent a transformation into the
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in Puntarenas with William Boudlerom, representative of the US government. At that meeting, Borge rejected the proposal to replace Somoza with
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released from prison after the spectacular Sandinista raid (Operation Chanchera) on the Nicaraguan National Palace by 19 commandos, headed by
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He founded the open prisons, where prisoners were without custody, and the women's prison "La Esperanza", a novelty in Nicaragua.
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In an interview with the newspaper Nuevo Diario of Nicaragua for the 30th anniversary of the Sandinista Revolution, Borge said:
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He was put under house arrest from 1956 to 1959 during the government crackdown following the assassination of Somoza by poet
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during the first term of Ortega. He was charged, along with the rest of the Sandinista government, after the victory of
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Nos convertimos en reyes y el pueblo nos sacó. El Nuevo Diario de Nicaragua. 15 de julio de 2009. Por José Adán Silva.
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Tomás Borge en estado delicado. Periódico: La Presa de Nicaragua. Fecha: 10 de abril de 2012. Autor:Elízabeth Romero
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Nicaragua Fallece fundador del FSLN, Tomás Borge Martínez "Es de los muertos que nunca mueren", dice Rosario Murillo
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Not too long after, Urcuyo was overthrown and power was passed to the Joint Government of National Reconstruction.
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Some of his published titles are "The Patient Impatience", "A Grain of Corn", and "The Anticipated Ceremony".
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campaign. Another accusation against Borge was that he gave the order to kill 37 dissidents imprisoned in
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Borge landing in Cuba off a C-130 Venezuelan Airforce plane on August 25, 1978, after being released as a
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739:", where they were accused of confiscating public properties. The charges were always rejected by Borge.
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Fallece Tomás Borge, último sobreviviente fundador Sandinista Por Por FILADELFO ALEMAN y MARJORIE MILLER
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In 2009, Swedish journalist and filmmaker Peter Torbiornsson accused Borge of having ordered the
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Along with Fonseca, Borge participated in a group of Marxist Nicaraguan students, who formed the
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man posing as a Danish news photographer and to escort him to the press conference convened by
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in Lebanon, passed by Mexico, and eventually returned to the ranks of the FSLN in Nicaragua.
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808:", which he wrote in prison, is comparable in literary merit to the documentary prose of
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Tomás Borge was part of the first revolutionary government delegation which visited the
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on March 17, 1980. On the trip, he described the situation in his country as follows:
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and aggressive circles of US imperialism - show a complete disregard for its people.
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El Nuevo Diario - Managua, Nicaragua - Ortega acusado de genocidio contra miskitos
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hostage standoff operative at the National Palace in Managua, 3 days earlier.
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and was Interior Minister of Nicaragua during one of the administrations of
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You are mistaken, Colonel, Carlos Fonseca, is among the dead who never die.
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my friends nor my companions, nor with my flag, nor with my cries of war."
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After his secondary education, Borge enrolled into the Law Faculty of the
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999:«Tomás Borge Martínez, también es "de los muertos que nunca mueren"»
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ordered the dismissal of any officer who abused their authority.
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On July 19, 1979, FSLN troops entered Managua and proclaimed the
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on August 13, 1930. His father, Tomás Borge Delgado, was one of
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Tomás Borge: 80 años no es nada.25 July,2010|El 19 Digital
931:(in Spanish). Centinela Económico. 10 April 2012. p.
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Permanent Conference of Political Parties in Latin America
1134:"Tomas Borge: Last surviving founder of the Sandinistas"
494:(Commander Zero) that took the entire Congress hostage.
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appointment was seen as a retreat from political life.
261:, where he was captured by the Honduran border patrol.
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In 1982, Tomás Borge was elected vicepresident of the
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In August 1978, Borge was one of the highest ranking
1110:"Peter Torbiornsson: My guilt over La Penca bombing"
143:(13 August 1930 – 30 April 2012), often spelled as
280:Foundation of Sandinista National Liberation Front
1213:Sandinista National Liberation Front politicians
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971:, article from May 1, 2012 in the daily journal
666:were the only members who remained in the FSLN.
210:National Autonomous University of Nicaragua-León
163:. Considered a hardliner, he led the "prolonged
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824:Un grano de maíz: conversación con Fidel Castro
147:in American newspapers, was a cofounder of the
31: and the second or maternal family name is
669:Between 1997 and 2002, he was a member of the
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1057:El 19 de julio y confesiones de Tomás Borge.
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750:, and the current Council of Citizen Power.
673:, Parlacén, and since 2001, a member of the
167:" tendency within the FSLN until his death.
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1001:, article from April 30, 2014 from Aporrea.
841:La historia de Maizgalpa. Tambor de Tacuarí
582:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
433:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
318:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1035:Periódico: Granma. Fecha:1 de mayo de 2012
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602:Learn how and when to remove this message
453:Learn how and when to remove this message
371:, who had helped them with the guerilla.
338:Learn how and when to remove this message
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66:Vice-Secretary and President of the FSLN
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806:Carlos, el amanecer no es sólo un sueño
513:in Costa Rica at the home of President
16:Nicaraguan revolutionary and politician
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189:United States occupation of Nicaragua
580:adding citations to reliable sources
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431:adding citations to reliable sources
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316:adding citations to reliable sources
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276:(Nicaraguan Youth Revolutionaries).
274:Juventud Revolucionaria Nicaragüense
212:in 1956. The following year, he met
149:Sandinista National Liberation Front
1238:People of the Nicaraguan Revolution
997:Coordinadora Simón Bolívar (2014):
988:, pp. 91–106. Curbstone Press, 1992
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783:refused to investigate the matter.
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1233:Escapees from Nicaraguan detention
1033:Falleció el Comandante Tomás Borge
933:http://www.centinelaeconomico.com/
843:. Editor Ediciones Colihue 22 pp.
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826:. Editor Aldilá, 243 pp.
820:fidel Castro, tomás Borge
257:. In 1959, he escaped to
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350:After the victorious
255:Rigoberto López Pérez
185:Augusto César Sandino
1188:Nicaraguan essayists
576:improve this section
427:improve this section
312:improve this section
141:Tomás Borge Martínez
1228:Nicaraguan escapees
939:on 21 February 2014
794:Marcela Perez Silva
515:Rodrigo Carazo Odio
1159:at Curbstone Press
1081:2007-10-13 at the
1062:2012-04-14 at the
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975:(Nicaragua).
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937:the original
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904:Régis Debray
894:Fidel Castro
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787:Private life
776:Edén Pastora
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574:Please help
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165:people's war
145:Thomas Borge
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21:Spanish name
1178:2012 deaths
1173:1930 births
1157:author page
1142:. May 2012.
909:Hugo Chávez
899:Che Guevara
837:tomás Borge
488:Sandinistas
382:Tegucigalpa
365:Che Guevara
266:El Salvador
231:, works by
225:Thomas More
129:Sandinistas
111:Nationality
42:Tomas Borge
1167:Categories
1119:2021-03-09
1046:Nacionales
973:La Jornada
943:2 February
915:References
849:9505816111
592:March 2023
537:Sandinista
535:after the
443:March 2023
328:March 2023
270:Costa Rica
175:Early life
117:Nicaraguan
86:1930-08-13
879:Nicaragua
724:Misquitos
714:Criticism
563:does not
414:does not
299:does not
233:Karl Marx
181:Matagalpa
153:Nicaragua
93:Matagalpa
1079:Archived
1060:Archived
858:See also
852:en línea
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800:Writings
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884:Contras
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569:sources
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105:Managua
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761:kings.
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690:Death
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241:Lenin
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945:2014
864:FSLN
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