1111:
practical purposes, self-incompatible—that is, they cannot pollinate themselves. Therefore each apple tree within the forest and even each pip, usually five, within each individual fruit will be different. There are many apples on a mature tree, so natural selection has a rich and diverse population upon which to work. Birds, of course, eat all manner of fruit. But most birds eat seeds—a dietary feature not conducive either to the selection or spread of a fruit tree. Sweet apples are often eviscerated by birds, but the seeds are frequently left in the empty shell of the pome. The reason is that apple (and pear and quince) seeds are rich in cyanoglycosides, which are highly repellent, particularly to birds... Moreover, the placenta of the apple fruit, the womb, contains inhibitory substances that prevent the germination of the apple seed in situ. This is a commonly observed phenomenon in fruits as
Michael Evenari showed in 1949. So what then does, or did, distribute the original apple seed? The bear...
3735:
198:
2125:
740:
235:
205:
228:
2139:
107:
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1010:
814:
5189:
3585:
834:
846:
5201:
826:
43:
993:, which stretches for 230 km north of Issyk Kul and connects to the mountain foreland near Alma Ata. The glacial glaciers from the Kungey Alatau also calved into Lake Issyk Kul, with the Ak-Sai valley glacier developing a mountain foreland glacier. The Chon-Kemin valley was glaciated up to its inflow into the Chu valley.
1110:
What natural features of the unique Tian Shan might have contributed to this rigorous selection program? Time is, as we have seen, not a problem. The turnover of individual trees is likewise conducive to the rapid evolution of a tree species, as is the fact that sweet apples are now, at least for all
972:
between the
Kokshaal-Tau mountain chain to the south and the Terskey Alatau mountain chain to the north. The Kokshaal-Tau extends for 570 km from Pik Dankowa in the west to Pik Pobeda in the east-northeast. This mountain chain, along with the parallel Terskey Alatau and the Tian Shan plateau in
1044:
climate. This defined its ecological features which could sustain its distinctive ecosphere. The mountains were subjected to constant geological changes with constantly evolving drainage systems which affected the patterns of vegetation, as well as exposing fertile soil for newly emerging seedlings
996:
Altogether, the glacial Tian Shan glaciation occupied an area of approximately 118,000 square kilometers. The glacier snowline was about 1200m lower during the last ice age than it is today. This would result in a depression of the average annual temperature of 7.2 to 8.4 °C for the
716:
typically forms in the Tian Shan at elevations above 3,500-3,700 meters. Discontinuous permafrost can be found as low as 2,000 meters in specific locations influenced by unique topographical and climatic conditions, though it generally occurs between 2,700-3,300 meters altitude.
2661:
Kuhle, M. (2004). "The High
Glacial (Last Ice Age and LGM) glacier cover in High- and Central Asia. Accompanying text to the mapwork in hand with detailed references to the literature of the underlying empirical investigations". In Ehlers, J.; Gibbard, P. L. (eds.).
3080:
United
Nations University (2009) digital video "Finding a place to feed: Kyrgyz shepherds & pasture loss": Shepherd shares family's observations and adaptation to the changing climate in highland pastures of Kyrgyzstan's Tian Shan
1101:
Among the vegetation colonizing the Tian Shan came, likely via birds from the east, the ancestors of what we know as the "sweet" apple. The fruit probably then looked like a tiny, long-stalked, bitter apple something like
720:
The Tian Shan's glaciers are rapidly receding, losing 27% or 5.4 billion tons of ice annually since 1961— nearly four times the global average of 7%. By 2050, half of the remaining ice is projected to disappear.
2855:
981:
during glacial times. The only remaining interglacial remnant of this glaciation is the 61 km long South
Inylschek glacier. The outlet glacier tongues of the plateau glacier flowed northward down to Lake
2883:
2577:
2629:
Kuhle, M.; Schröder, N. (2000). "New
Investigations and Results on the Maximum Glaciation of the Kirgisen Shan and Tian Shan Plateau between Kokshaal Tau and Terskey Alatau". In Zech, W. (ed.).
4255:
2766:
Juniper, Barrie E. (2007). "The
Mysterious Origin of the Sweet Apple: On its way to a grocery counter near you, this delicious fruit traversed continents and mastered coevolution".
4531:
4182:
4071:
3734:
2604:
Kuhle, M. (1994). "New
Findings on the Ice-cover between Issyk-Kul and K2 (Tian Shan, Karakorum) during the Last Glaciation". In Zheng Du; Zhang Qingsong; Pan Yusheng (eds.).
452:
378:
3057:
4125:
2806:
865:
west 570 kilometres (350 mi) to the point where China, Kazakhstan, and
Kyrgyzstan meet. Here is the highest part of the range – the Central Tian Shan, with
3992:
3619:
2891:
4172:
2687:
Grosswald, M. G.; Kuhle, M.; Fastook, J. L. (1994). "Würm
Glaciation of Lake Issyk-Kul Area, Tian Shan Mts.: A Case Study in Glacial History of Central Asia".
2569:
5450:
479:
405:
5239:
3110:
2735:
1098:). The Tian Shan region also included important animals like bears, deer, and wild boar, which helped to spread seeds and expand ecological diversity.
944:
runs northeast towards the Talas Ala-Too and separates the upper Naryn basin from Fergana proper. The southern side of these mountains merge into the
4118:
2113:
has the same meaning. The Chinese name Tian Shan is most likely a direct translation of the traditional Kyrgyz name for the mountains, Teñir Too.
2887:
2644:
4631:
4056:
759:
5346:
5465:
4111:
3842:
3612:
2923:
2467:
153:
3071:
2101:, and the term is believed to refer to the Tian Shan rather than the range 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) further east now known as the
5142:
4766:
2395:
4232:
821:(borders marked in red). The Tian Shan makes up large parts of southern Kyrgyzstan. The indentation on the west is the Fergana Valley
932:
there is an 800 kilometres (500 mi) group of mountains that curves west-southwest from south of Issyk Kul Lake separating the
770:(god mountains) run from 350 to 40 kilometres (217 to 25 mi) east of Ürümqi. Then there is a low area between Ürümqi and the
197:
2493:
5232:
4345:
810:
in the south make a reversed Z or S, the northeast enclosing part of Dzungaria and the southwest enclosing the upper Ili valley.
5558:
5533:
5528:
4945:
3605:
3103:
2033:
is the lord of all spirits and the religion's supreme deity, and it is the name given to the second highest peak of Tian Shan.
291:
4297:
3628:
3005:
2553:
2431:
2802:
5538:
5147:
4384:
2756:
Great Courses: 'The Botanist's Eye'(DVD 2 chapter 7) by Catherine Kleier, PhD from California Polytechnic State University.
4292:
2862:
2834:
1876:
5563:
5553:
5543:
5225:
5137:
2461:
227:
1037:
The Tian Shan in its immediate geological past was kept from glaciation due to the "protecting" warm influence of the
4497:
3788:
3119:
3096:
2671:
2613:
79:
4644:
2952:"Migration and Settlement of the Yuezhi-Kushan: Interaction and Interdependence of Nomadic and Sedentary Societies"
1152:
736:
The Tian Shan have a number of named ranges which are often mentioned separately (all distances are approximate).
5548:
4970:
4167:
3891:
2631:
Pamir and Tian Shan. Contribution of the Quaternary History. International Workshop at the University of Bayreuth
2606:
Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Karakorum and Kunlun Mountains (ISKKM), Kashi, China, June 1992
3048:
2522:
631:(also known as Victory Peak) , shared by Kyrgyzstan and China. At 7,439 metres (24,406 ft) high, it is the
5164:
5159:
4890:
4667:
4543:
4514:
4468:
2089:
2050:
4950:
4860:
4509:
4436:
4225:
2058:
2725:
5169:
4935:
4920:
4621:
4478:
284:
146:
4551:
2951:
1026:) at altitudes of over 2,000 metres (6,600 ft); the lower slopes have unique natural forests of wild
4960:
4955:
4885:
4649:
4490:
4159:
3650:
3588:
2157:
725:
53:
5174:
4802:
3291:
2152:
1106:, the Siberian crab. The pips may have been carried in a bird's crop or clotted onto feet or feathers.
1062:
Ancestors of important crop vegetation were established and thrived in the area, among them: apricots (
61:
5248:
5205:
4965:
4850:
4581:
3837:
3794:
3696:
31:
968:
The Tian Shan plateau, stretching 100 to 120 km wide, is located on the northern margin of the
4930:
4761:
4463:
4331:
4327:
4218:
4155:
3757:
539:
457:
383:
17:
2935:祁連山即天山也，匈奴呼天為祁連 (translation: Qilian Mountain is the Tian Shan, the Xiongnu called the sky qilian)
790:
which runs east northeast along Sino-Kazakh border. They start 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of
4925:
4840:
4745:
4335:
3919:
659:
class these as the two northernmost peaks surpassing 7,000 metres (23,000 ft) in the world.
652:
632:
4197:
5001:
4350:
4323:
3925:
3028:. 1988. London: Marshall Editions Ltd. Reprint 1989. Sydney, NSW: Collins Publishers Australia.
3079:
2917:
2451:
5154:
5117:
4910:
4441:
3933:
3896:
3700:
2997:
2990:
2387:
750:
In China the Tian Shan starts from about 600 to 400 kilometres (370 to 250 mi) east of
739:
4905:
4782:
4357:
3974:
3168:
998:
3404:
778:
start just south of Ürümqi and run west-northwest 450 kilometres (280 mi) separating
8:
5279:
5091:
5056:
5036:
4940:
4915:
4875:
4639:
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4379:
4264:
4134:
4092:
4066:
4046:
3861:
3852:
3743:
3704:
3416:
3303:
3271:
3065:
2220:
2106:
1166:
914:
546:. The western portion in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan was then listed in 2016.
543:
417:
343:
328:
5523:
5486:
5274:
4870:
4865:
4812:
4687:
4007:
3929:
3827:
3814:
3560:
3478:
3358:
3318:
3297:
3285:
3214:
3163:
3136:
3128:
2971:
2783:
2706:
2638:
2489:
2244:
803:
775:
5460:
2992:
The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West
542:, the eastern portion of Tian Shan in western China's Xinjiang Region was listed as a
5429:
5193:
5127:
4900:
4895:
4880:
4832:
4787:
4672:
4596:
4591:
4575:
4304:
4103:
4061:
3784:
3572:
3567:
3550:
3540:
3517:
3490:
3485:
3433:
3410:
3308:
3151:
3001:
2975:
2710:
2667:
2609:
2549:
2457:
2427:
1829:
1782:
1734:
1169:), (elevation 3,539 m (11,611 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
1116:
1051:
originated in the Tian Shan Mountains. The plant then made its way to Turkey via the
1022:
799:
787:
771:
686:
555:
520:
2570:"Central Asia Mountain Range Has Lost a Quarter of Ice Mass in 50 Years, Study Says"
917:('Ala-too' is a Kyrgyz spelling of Alatau). At the east end of the Talas Alatau the
5403:
5362:
4611:
4446:
4406:
4369:
4309:
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3512:
3500:
3473:
3259:
3187:
3176:
2963:
2775:
2698:
2235:
2179:
2144:
2102:
2041:
One of the earliest historical references to these mountains may be related to the
1064:
953:
890:
889:(shady and sunny Ala-Too). North of the Kyungey Ala-Too and parallel to it is the
838:
675:
728:
was one of the first European to extensively document the Tian Shan in the 1850s.
5398:
5377:
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5041:
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4616:
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4015:
3984:
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3555:
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3313:
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3194:
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3052:
2730:
2546:
PERMAFROST: Sixth International Conference. Proceedings. July 5–9, Beijing, China
2301:
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978:
957:
922:
886:
795:
682:
628:
587:
583:
579:
524:
516:
129:
3597:
5132:
5066:
5031:
4996:
4845:
4697:
4485:
4421:
4364:
3939:
3691:
3495:
3463:
3438:
3397:
3368:
3353:
2548:, vol. 2, South China University of Technology Press, pp. 1105–1107,
2322:
1148:
1128:
1056:
1027:
1014:
949:
937:
929:
898:
882:
878:
850:
656:
613:
508:
902:
597:
The Tian Shan range extends eastwards for approximately 2,900 kilometers from
106:
5517:
5496:
5455:
5341:
5076:
5046:
5021:
4807:
4586:
4561:
4519:
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4453:
4396:
4319:
3997:
3954:
3875:
3681:
3535:
3448:
3392:
3328:
3229:
3209:
1569:
1103:
1094:
990:
941:
910:
663:
605:
306:
293:
168:
155:
5217:
861:
the mainline of the Tian Shan continues as Narat Range from the base of the
666:, at 3,752 metres (12,310 ft), marks the border between Kyrgyzstan and
5491:
5367:
5305:
5096:
5081:
5026:
5011:
5006:
4792:
4659:
4458:
4401:
4340:
4051:
3655:
3199:
3088:
2130:
2076:
1889:
Climate data for Tian Shan (Kyrgyzstan weather station), 1991–2020 normals
1088:
1038:
918:
906:
897:. West of the eye, the range continues 400 kilometres (250 mi) as the
870:
807:
609:
512:
111:
The Tian Shan range on the border of China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan with
2967:
1009:
989:
Similarly, strong glaciation was present in the high mountain area of the
5372:
5336:
5315:
5310:
5071:
5061:
4817:
4740:
4571:
4411:
4391:
4287:
4251:
4020:
3944:
3914:
3906:
3885:
3832:
3762:
3527:
3380:
3277:
2828:
1132:
969:
933:
874:
866:
791:
763:
751:
706:
702:
690:
636:
559:
535:
112:
2787:
813:
5300:
5284:
5016:
4822:
4710:
4272:
4138:
4082:
4076:
3870:
3857:
3847:
3822:
3799:
3671:
3636:
3384:
3251:
3182:
2779:
2702:
2689:
974:
858:
818:
767:
755:
713:
644:
640:
621:
571:
567:
563:
277:
273:
269:
265:
2514:
469:
395:
5481:
5419:
5331:
5269:
5264:
5122:
5051:
4601:
4565:
4086:
3719:
3686:
3675:
3665:
3507:
3421:
3246:
3240:
3223:
3045:
2947:
2084:
2080:
1136:
1052:
983:
783:
779:
744:
709:
is a prominant feature in the mountain range's northwestern section.
698:
694:
602:
2521:. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
5445:
5424:
4986:
4797:
4730:
4416:
4314:
4241:
3778:
3724:
3660:
2026:
862:
667:
617:
598:
591:
575:
531:
4210:
786:
basin. Their north end abuts on the 200 kilometres (120 mi)
624:
in the east, as defined by both Western and Chinese cartography.
5112:
4991:
4725:
4705:
4677:
4282:
4177:
4030:
3964:
3949:
3881:
3767:
3714:
3457:
3265:
3034:. Eleventh Edition. 2003. London, England: Times Books Group Ltd.
2042:
1041:
845:
833:
3064:
1001:
compared with today, assuming a comparable precipitation ratio.
538:, which may be translated as "Lord of the Spirits". At the 2013
5502:
4735:
4720:
4715:
4277:
2913:
2187:
2098:
2066:
2030:
945:
894:
671:
519:
at 7,439 metres (24,406 ft) high. Its lowest point is the
136:
913:, the south side of which is the 200 kilometres (120 mi)
507:, meaning the "Mountains of God/Heaven", is a large system of
4682:
4526:
4374:
4150:
3804:
2987:
1082:
1070:
1048:
1031:
648:
261:
825:
3710:
2110:
1139:
and killing half of Europe's population in the mid 1300s.
1020:
The Tian Shan holds important forests of Schrenk's spruce (
1135:
may have originated in the Tian Shan, spreading along the
2608:. Beijing: China Meteorological Press. pp. 185–197.
877:. West of this, the Tian Shan split into an 'eye', with
909:
and then Kazakhstan from the upper valley of the river
4133:
2666:. Vol. 3. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 175–199.
2544:
Gorbunov, A.P. (1993), "Geocryology in Mt. Tianshan",
2426:. USA: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 378.
651:
tripoint and at 7,010 metres (23,000 ft), is the
2686:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2422:
Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980).
554:
The Tian Shan range is located north and west of the
2120:
2656:
2654:
2989:
2592:
881:in its center. The south side of the lake is the
3627:
3075:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). pp. 909–911.
5515:
2651:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2228:
849:Snow-capped peaks of the Tian Shan seen from an
2888:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2252:
56:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
30:"Tianshan" redirects here. For other uses, see
4081:Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of
3670:Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of
2664:Quaternary Glaciations - Extent and Chronology
2421:
5247:
5233:
4226:
4119:
4057:Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties
3613:
3104:
2988:Mallory, J. P. & Mair, Victor H. (2000).
2821:
2628:
2410:
2367:
2365:
2083:, is the Xiongnu word for "sky" or "heaven".
3118:
2803:"DNA analysis reveals source of Black Death"
2315:
2309:
2294:
2288:
2273:
2267:
2213:
674:ranges in the northern Tian Shan is home to
2633:. Bayreuth, University Bayreuth. p. 8.
2376:. Vol. IV (3rd ed.). p. 281.
2336:
2330:
2197:
5240:
5226:
5143:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
4767:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
4233:
4219:
4126:
4112:
3620:
3606:
3111:
3097:
3032:The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World
2643:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2362:
2449:
986:, calving in this 160 km long lake.
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:System of mountain ranges in Central Asia
2876:
2543:
2371:
2337:
2316:
2295:
1008:
844:
832:
824:
812:
738:
586:, while to north and east, it meets the
4346:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
2996:. London: Thames & Hudson. p.
2765:
2445:
2443:
960:, which continues almost to Samarkand.
635:. The Tian Shan's second highest peak,
14:
5516:
5325:Four Sacred Tibetan Buddhist Mountains
5294:Four Sacred Chinese Buddhist Mountains
4183:Silk Roads: Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor
3062:
608:, resulting from the collision of the
534:. Its second-highest peak is known as
5221:
4298:Chief Official of the Western Regions
4214:
4107:
3601:
3092:
2919:漢書: 顏師古註 Hanshu: Yan Shigu Commentary
2884:"Tian Shan Climate Normals 1991-2020"
2723:
2660:
2603:
2456:. Stacey International. p. 163.
681:The Tian Shan are separated from the
582:. To the south, it connects with the
562:. It straddles the border regions of
5200:
4385:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
2800:
2726:"How the apple took over the planet"
2580:from the original on August 18, 2015
2567:
2470:from the original on 14 January 2023
2450:Wilkinson, Philip (2 October 2003).
2440:
2224:
523:, which is 154 m (505 ft)
36:
4293:Protectorate of the Western Regions
4240:
2946:
2863:China Meteorological Administration
2835:China Meteorological Administration
2738:from the original on August 9, 2020
2263:
2097:in relation to the homeland of the
1877:China Meteorological Administration
973:between, were covered by connected
921:range runs southeast enclosing the
601:, Uzbekistan. It forms part of the
24:
5138:East Turkistan Government in Exile
4946:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
4196:
4016:Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor
2912:
25:
5575:
3039:
2809:from the original on 18 June 2022
2724:Janik, Erika (October 25, 2011).
234:
204:
5199:
5188:
5187:
4645:Xinjiang Agricultural University
3751:Ancient Building Complex in the
3733:
3584:
3583:
2568:Naik, Gautam (August 17, 2015).
2525:from the original on 7 July 2018
2398:from the original on 5 July 2019
2137:
2123:
705:originate in the Tian Shan. The
627:The Tian Shan's highest peak is
233:
226:
203:
196:
115:(7,010 m) visible at center
105:
41:
4971:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
4168:Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi
3892:Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries
3026:The Contemporary Atlas of China
2981:
2940:
2926:from the original on 2023-01-14
2906:
2848:
2794:
2759:
2750:
2717:
2680:
2622:
2496:from the original on 2013-06-27
2209:
670:. The lower-altitude, forested
620:era. The range encompasses the
4891:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
4515:Second East Turkestan Republic
4469:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
2561:
2537:
2507:
2482:
2380:
2374:History of the Asiatic Nations
2331:
2274:
2192:
2170:
2090:Records of the Grand Historian
2071:
2062:
2054:
13:
1:
5559:World Heritage Sites in China
5534:Mountain ranges of Kyrgyzstan
5529:Mountain ranges of Kazakhstan
4783:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
4510:First East Turkestan Republic
4437:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
3629:World Heritage Sites in China
2801:Hunt, Katie (June 15, 2022).
2350:
1153:Köppen climate classification
928:As for the area south of the
794:in Kazakhstan and end at the
639:(King Heaven), straddles the
141:7,439 m (24,406 ft)
5356:Four Sacred Taoist Mountains
4936:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
4921:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
4479:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
3768:Kaiping Diaolou and Villages
3063:Bealby, John Thomas (1911).
2519:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
2424:Natural Wonders of the World
2355:
2229:
2214:
1165:Climate data for Tian Shan (
893:in Kazakhstan just south of
549:
540:Conference on World Heritage
217:Show map of Continental Asia
7:
5539:Mountain ranges of Xinjiang
4961:Assassination of Juma Tayir
4650:Xinjiang Medical University
3651:Classical Gardens of Suzhou
3046:Russian mountaineering site
2310:
2289:
2268:
2253:
2158:Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky
2116:
2020:
2015:
1642:Average precipitation days
1428:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1288:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1055:and became a symbol of the
743:Tian Shan with the ancient
678:-speaking pastoral tribes.
653:highest point of Kazakhstan
633:highest point in Kyrgyzstan
616:tectonic plates during the
530:The Tian Shan is sacred in
100:Tengri Tagh, Tengir-Too, 天山
10:
5580:
5165:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
5160:China–Kazakhstan relations
4527:People's Republic of China
3292:Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains
3018:
2392:Aga Khan Trust for Culture
2153:Tectonics of the Tian Shan
2007:
1888:
1874:
1164:
1142:
1004:
963:
558:and directly north of the
418:UNESCO World Heritage Site
344:UNESCO World Heritage Site
29:
5564:Sacred mountains of China
5554:Sites along the Silk Road
5544:Geography of Central Asia
5474:
5438:
5412:
5386:
5355:
5324:
5293:
5257:
5250:Sacred Mountains of China
5183:
5105:
4979:
4966:Xinjiang internment camps
4831:
4775:
4754:
4696:
4658:
4630:
4542:
4263:
4249:
4194:
4145:
4039:
4006:
3983:
3905:
3838:Honghe Hani Rice Terraces
3813:
3795:Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art
3742:
3731:
3635:
3581:
3526:
3447:
3379:
3339:
3208:
3135:
3126:
2861:(in Simplified Chinese).
2833:(in Simplified Chinese).
2326:
2305:
2284:
2248:
2202:'Heaven Mountain'
2183:
1937:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1827:
1780:
1732:
1688:
1641:
1567:
1497:
1427:
1357:
1287:
1217:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
731:
489:
485:
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465:
448:
440:
432:
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415:
411:
401:
391:
374:
366:
358:
350:
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337:
327:
322:
283:
257:
189:
184:
145:
135:
125:
120:
104:
99:
94:
32:Tianshan (disambiguation)
5170:China–Pakistan relations
4951:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
4931:June 2013 Shanshan riots
4861:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
4622:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
3758:Historic Centre of Macau
3644:Archaeological Ruins of
3120:Mountain ranges of China
3084:Accessed 1 December 2009
2956:Journal of World History
2857:
2830:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data
2829:
2372:Prichard, James (1844).
2163:
5439:Five Garrison Mountains
4926:April 2013 Bachu unrest
4746:Chinese Islamic cuisine
4149:Cold Winter Deserts of
3950:Ancient City of Pingyao
3920:Chengde Mountain Resort
3072:Encyclopædia Britannica
2075:), which, according to
2036:
956:). West of this is the
885:and the north side the
837:In the Karakol valley (
5549:Geography of East Asia
5503:Nyidên, Dabba (Yading)
5475:Other Sacred Mountains
5413:Three Famous Mountains
5387:Three Sacred Mountains
5175:China–Turkey relations
4956:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
4886:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
4491:Reconquest of Xinjiang
4351:Four Garrisons of Anxi
4202:
3926:Putuo Zongcheng Temple
3823:Chengjiang Fossil Site
3777:Historic Monuments of
2856:"Experience Template"
2327:Tyan-Shan / Tangritog‘
2239:
1121:
1017:
854:
842:
830:
822:
806:in the middle and the
747:
515:. The highest peak is
5155:World Uyghur Congress
5148:Independence movement
5118:Migration to Xinjiang
4911:Pishan hostage crisis
4200:
3897:Three Parallel Rivers
3701:Cemetery of Confucius
2968:10.1353/jwh.2001.0034
2388:"Ensemble Tengir-Too"
1108:
1074:spp.), pomegranates (
1012:
848:
836:
828:
816:
742:
333:Mesozoic and Cenozoic
169:42.03500°N 80.12556°E
5501:Three Holy Peaks of
5497:Qomolangma (Everest)
5258:Five Great Mountains
4906:2011 Kashgar attacks
4851:1992 Ürümqi bombings
4803:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
4582:Gurbantünggüt Desert
4358:Beiting Protectorate
4135:World Heritage Sites
3975:Beijing Central Axis
3789:Gaocheng Observatory
3169:Tarbagatai Mountains
2311:Tengir-Too / Ala-Too
1218:Record high °C (°F)
1013:Koldeneng Valley in
999:Last Glacial Maximum
499:, also known as the
5092:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
4941:2014 Kunming attack
4916:2012 Yecheng attack
4876:2008 Kashgar attack
4776:Visitor attractions
4640:Xinjiang University
4602:Karakoram Mountains
4474:Afaqi Khoja revolts
4380:Kara-Khanid Khanate
4178:Tamgaly Petroglyphs
4093:Badain Jaran Desert
4089:of China (Phase II)
3862:Leshan Giant Buddha
3705:Kong Family Mansion
3417:Zhongtiao Mountains
3304:Gaoligong Mountains
3272:Bayan Har Mountains
2574:Wall Street Journal
2515:"Western Tien-Shan"
2338:تيەن-شەن / تەڭرىتاغ
2332:Тян-Шан / Тангритоғ
2317:تەڭىر-توو / الا-توو
2306:Теңир-Тоо / Ала-Тоо
2296:تٵڭٸرتاۋى / الاتاۋ
2107:Tannu-Ola mountains
2051:traditional Chinese
1938:Daily mean °C (°F)
1689:Average snowy days
1498:Record low °C (°F)
1358:Daily mean °C (°F)
1167:Urumqi Glacier No.1
975:ice-stream-networks
915:Talas Ala-Too Range
544:World Heritage Site
303: /
165: /
5342:Rinpoche (Kailash)
4871:2008 Uyghur unrest
4866:2007 Xinjiang raid
4841:1989 Ürümqi unrest
4688:Tocharian clothing
4203:
4201:Flag of Kazakhstan
3930:Xumi Fushou Temple
3828:Dazu Rock Carvings
3678:of China (Phase I)
3589:Landforms of China
3561:Yuecheng Mountains
3479:Jingshan Mountains
3359:Changbai Mountains
3319:Qionglai Mountains
3298:Hengduan Mountains
3286:Tanggula Mountains
3164:Borohoro Mountains
3129:Geography of China
3051:2013-04-24 at the
2780:10.1511/2007.63.44
2768:American Scientist
2703:10.1007/BF00812878
2290:Täñırtauy / Alatau
2285:Тәңіртауы / Алатау
2105:. The name of the
2059:simplified Chinese
1092:) and mulberries (
1018:
855:
843:
831:
823:
804:Borohoro Mountains
802:in the north, the
776:Borohoro Mountains
748:
693:to the south. The
466:Reference no.
392:Reference no.
174:42.03500; 80.12556
121:Highest point
60:You can assist by
5511:
5510:
5215:
5214:
5128:Chinese Turkestan
4901:2011 Hotan attack
4896:2010 Aksu bombing
4881:Shaoguan incident
4833:Xinjiang conflict
4788:Flaming Mountains
4678:Meshrep gathering
4597:Turpan Depression
4592:Taklamakan Desert
4576:Southern Xinjiang
4532:PRC incorporation
4498:Republic of China
4442:Dzungar–Qing Wars
4305:Kingdom of Khotan
4208:
4207:
4188:Western Tien-Shan
4101:
4100:
4062:South China Karst
4026:Xinjiang Tianshan
3785:Shaolin Monastery
3595:
3594:
3573:Western Mountains
3568:Longmen Mountains
3551:Nanling Mountains
3541:Daliang Mountains
3518:Xuefeng Mountains
3491:Jiuling Mountains
3486:Luoxiao Mountains
3434:Yandang Mountains
3411:Taihang Mountains
3405:Lüliang Mountains
3309:Yunling Mountains
3152:Dzungarian Alatau
3085:
3066:"Tian-shan"
3007:978-0-500-05101-6
2555:978-7-5623-0484-5
2453:Myths and Legends
2433:978-0-89577-087-5
2200:
2012:
2011:
1882:
1881:
1830:possible sunshine
1735:relative humidity
1147:Tian Shan has an
1127:which caused the
1117:Barrie E. Juniper
1023:Picea schrenkiana
800:Dzungarian Alatau
788:Dzungarian Alatau
772:Turfan Depression
724:Russian explorer
687:Taklimakan Desert
556:Taklamakan Desert
521:Turpan Depression
493:
492:
461:
428:Western Tien-Shan
387:
354:Xinjiang Tianshan
285:Range coordinates
247:Show map of China
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
5571:
5251:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5219:
5218:
5203:
5202:
5191:
5190:
4612:Kunlun Mountains
4447:Dzungar genocide
4407:Chagatai Khanate
4370:Uyghur Khaganate
4310:Sixteen Kingdoms
4235:
4228:
4221:
4212:
4211:
4163:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4105:
4104:
4040:Multiple regions
3970:Yungang Grottoes
3960:Temple of Heaven
3936:
3888:
3791:
3773:Longmen Grottoes
3753:Wudang Mountains
3737:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3599:
3598:
3587:
3586:
3513:Wuling Mountains
3501:Wugong Mountains
3474:Wudang Mountains
3260:Kunlun Mountains
3200:Liupan Mountains
3188:Qilian Mountains
3177:Kunlun Mountains
3113:
3106:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3083:
3076:
3068:
3012:
3011:
2995:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2890:. Archived from
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2697:(2/3): 273–310.
2684:
2678:
2677:
2658:
2649:
2648:
2642:
2634:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2601:
2590:
2589:
2587:
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2565:
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2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2511:
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2194:
2185:
2174:
2147:
2145:Mountains portal
2142:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2103:Qilian Mountains
2073:
2064:
2056:
1886:
1885:
1645:
1162:
1161:
1131:now know as the
1119:
1065:Prunus armeniaca
954:Trans-Alay Range
891:Trans-Ili Alatau
839:Issyk-Kul Region
829:Map of Tian Shan
764:Barkol Mountains
758:(Hami) with the
455:
381:
318:
317:
315:
314:
313:
308:
304:
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300:
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248:
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5512:
5507:
5470:
5434:
5408:
5382:
5351:
5320:
5289:
5253:
5249:
5246:
5216:
5211:
5179:
5101:
5087:Shirzat Bawudun
5042:Saifuddin Azizi
4975:
4856:Ghulja incident
4827:
4771:
4762:Cotton industry
4750:
4692:
4654:
4626:
4617:Pamir Mountains
4607:Altai Mountains
4538:
4432:Dzungar Khanate
4427:Yarkent Khanate
4259:
4245:
4239:
4209:
4204:
4192:
4154:
4141:
4132:
4102:
4097:
4035:
4031:Qinghai Hoh Xil
4002:
3979:
3923:
3901:
3879:
3867:Mount Qingcheng
3809:
3782:
3738:
3729:
3631:
3626:
3596:
3591:
3577:
3556:Jiuyi Mountains
3546:Dalou Mountains
3522:
3469:Dabie Mountains
3443:
3427:Tianmu Mountain
3375:
3364:Wanda Mountains
3349:Greater Khingan
3335:
3324:Daxue Mountains
3314:Ailao Mountains
3235:Pamir Mountains
3212:
3204:
3195:Helan Mountains
3146:Altai Mountains
3131:
3122:
3117:
3053:Wayback Machine
3042:
3037:
3021:
3016:
3015:
3008:
2986:
2982:
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2018:
2013:
2002:
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1222:
1145:
1120:
1115:
1077:Punica granatum
1007:
979:plateau glacier
966:
958:Turkestan Range
948:in Tajikistan (
923:Suusamyr Valley
887:Kyungey Ala-Too
796:Dzungarian Gate
734:
683:Tibetan Plateau
629:Jengish Chokusu
588:Altai Mountains
584:Pamir Mountains
580:Northwest China
552:
525:below sea level
517:Jengish Chokusu
509:mountain ranges
420:
346:
311:
309:
305:
302:
297:
294:
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130:Jengish Chokusu
116:
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42:
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5133:East Turkestan
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5067:Zhang Chunxian
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5032:Ehmetjan Qasim
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4997:Jahangir Khoja
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4846:Barin uprising
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4668:Doppa Festival
4664:
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4506:
4505:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4486:General of Ili
4483:
4482:
4481:
4471:
4466:
4456:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4429:
4424:
4422:Turpan Khanate
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4365:Tibetan Empire
4362:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4354:
4353:
4338:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4269:
4267:
4261:
4260:
4250:
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4230:
4223:
4215:
4206:
4205:
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4123:
4116:
4108:
4099:
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4079:
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3995:
3989:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3940:Forbidden City
3937:
3917:
3911:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3880:including the
3873:
3864:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3783:including the
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3748:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3708:
3694:
3692:Wuyi Mountains
3689:
3684:
3679:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3641:
3639:
3633:
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3625:
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3530:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3496:Mufu Mountains
3493:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3466:
3464:Daba Mountains
3461:
3453:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3439:Wuyi Mountains
3436:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3398:Lang Mountains
3389:
3387:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3369:Qian Mountains
3366:
3356:
3354:Lesser Khingan
3351:
3345:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
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3041:
3040:External links
3038:
3036:
3035:
3029:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3014:
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3006:
2980:
2962:(2): 261–291,
2939:
2916:(2015-08-20).
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1783:sunshine hours
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1170:
1160:
1149:alpine climate
1144:
1141:
1129:bubonic plague
1123:The strain of
1113:
1057:Ottoman Empire
1045:to thrive in.
1015:Ili Prefecture
1006:
1003:
965:
962:
950:Alay Mountains
938:Fergana Valley
930:Fergana Valley
899:Kyrgyz Ala-Too
883:Terskey Alatau
879:Issyk Kul Lake
851:Issyk Kul Lake
733:
730:
551:
548:
491:
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5280:Heng (Shanxi)
5278:
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5243:
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5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5113:Uyghur people
5111:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5077:Salih Hudayar
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5047:Rebiya Kadeer
5045:
5043:
5040:
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5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5022:Sabit Damolla
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
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5000:
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4819:
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4809:
4808:Id Kah Mosque
4806:
4804:
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4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4587:Kumtag Desert
4585:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4563:
4562:Junggar Basin
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4520:Ili Rebellion
4518:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4503:Xinjiang Wars
4501:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4454:Kumul Khanate
4452:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4397:Mongol Empire
4395:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4257:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4236:
4231:
4229:
4224:
4222:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4199:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4161:
4157:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4129:
4124:
4122:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3998:Mukden Palace
3996:
3994:
3993:Koguryo sites
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3955:Summer Palace
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3934:Puning Temple
3931:
3927:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3876:Potala Palace
3874:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3744:South Central
3741:
3736:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3682:Mount Sanqing
3680:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3646:Liangzhu City
3643:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3611:
3609:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3590:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:Cang Mountain
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3393:Yin Mountains
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3338:
3330:
3329:Min Mountains
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3230:Transhimalaya
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3211:
3210:Qinghai-Tibet
3207:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3009:
3003:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2984:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2950:(Fall 2001),
2949:
2943:
2936:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2894:on 2024-04-14
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2864:
2860:
2851:
2836:
2832:
2824:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2762:
2753:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2720:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2673:0-444-51462-7
2669:
2665:
2657:
2655:
2646:
2640:
2632:
2625:
2617:
2615:7-5029-1800-0
2611:
2607:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2446:
2444:
2435:
2429:
2425:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2375:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2324:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2279:
2270:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2225:𐰴𐰣 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃
2222:
2219:
2216:
2207:
2204:
2195:
2189:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2135:
2132:
2121:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2008:Source: NOAA
2006:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1892:
1887:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:Mean monthly
1779:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1640:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1570:precipitation
1566:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1104:Malus baccata
1099:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1086:), cherries (
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1011:
1002:
1000:
994:
992:
991:Kungey Alatau
987:
985:
980:
976:
971:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
942:Fergana Range
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
901:, separating
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
852:
847:
841:, Kyrgyzstan)
840:
835:
827:
820:
815:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
746:
741:
737:
729:
727:
726:Peter Semenov
722:
718:
715:
710:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
664:Torugart Pass
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
606:orogenic belt
604:
600:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
488:
484:
481:
478:
474:
471:
468:
464:
459:
454:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
425:Official name
423:
419:
414:
410:
407:
404:
400:
397:
394:
390:
385:
380:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
351:Official name
349:
345:
340:
336:
332:
330:
326:
321:
316:
288:
286:
282:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
260:
256:
229:
199:
188:
183:
178:
150:
148:
144:
140:
138:
134:
131:
128:
124:
119:
114:
108:
103:
98:
93:
84:
81:
73:
63:
57:
55:
50:This article
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5393:
5275:Heng (Hunan)
5204:
5192:
5097:Rahile Dawut
5082:Sattar Sawut
5027:Sheng Shicai
5012:Yang Zengxin
5007:Zuo Zongtang
4813:Karakul Lake
4793:Jiaohe ruins
4556:
4459:Qing dynasty
4402:Yuan dynasty
4341:Tang dynasty
4187:
4162:, Kaskakulan
4160:Barsa-Kelmes
4052:China Danxia
4025:
4008:Northwestern
3815:Southwestern
3656:Fujian tulou
3456:
3409:
3296:
3284:
3270:
3258:
3239:
3222:
3215:Southwestern
3175:
3157:
3156:
3144:
3137:Northwestern
3070:
3031:
3025:
2991:
2983:
2959:
2955:
2942:
2934:
2928:. Retrieved
2918:
2908:
2896:. Retrieved
2892:the original
2878:
2866:. Retrieved
2850:
2838:. Retrieved
2823:
2811:. Retrieved
2796:
2774:(1): 44–51.
2771:
2767:
2761:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2729:
2719:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2663:
2630:
2624:
2605:
2582:. Retrieved
2573:
2563:
2545:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2518:
2509:
2498:. Retrieved
2484:
2474:11 September
2472:. Retrieved
2452:
2423:
2400:. Retrieved
2391:
2382:
2373:
2191:
2172:
2131:China portal
2094:
2093:, mentioned
2088:
2079:commentator
2070:
2046:
2040:
2024:
1572:mm (inches)
1155:
1146:
1124:
1122:
1109:
1100:
1093:
1089:Prunus avium
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1047:
1039:Indian Ocean
1036:
1021:
1019:
995:
988:
967:
927:
925:or plateau.
919:Suusamyr Too
907:Naryn Region
871:Kakshaal Too
856:
808:Ketmen Ridge
766:. Then the
749:
735:
723:
719:
711:
680:
661:
657:Mountaineers
626:
596:
553:
529:
513:Central Asia
504:
500:
496:
494:
76:
67:
54:copy editing
52:may require
51:
5337:Amne Machin
5072:Ilham Tohti
5062:Wang Lequan
4818:Kizil Caves
4572:Tarim Basin
4412:Moghulistan
4392:Qara Khitai
4288:Han dynasty
4067:Grand Canal
4021:Mogao Caves
3945:Zhoukoudian
3915:Mount Wutai
3886:Norbulingka
3833:Fanjingshan
3763:Shennongjia
3278:Amne Machin
2269:Tengri tagh
1133:Black Death
970:Tarim basin
934:Tarim Basin
903:Chüy Region
875:Khan Tengri
873:range) and
867:Peak Pobeda
792:Taldykorgan
760:Qarlik Tagh
754:, north of
712:Continuous
707:Aksu Canyon
703:Tarim River
691:Tarim Basin
637:Khan Tengri
560:Tarim Basin
536:Khan Tengri
501:Tengri Tagh
329:Age of rock
310: /
172: /
147:Coordinates
113:Khan Tengri
5518:Categories
5347:Ghado Jobo
5017:Jin Shuren
4823:Niya ruins
4741:Tunurkawab
4273:Tocharians
4156:Altyn-Emel
4139:Kazakhstan
4083:Yellow Sea
4077:Tusi Sites
4072:Silk Roads
4047:Great Wall
3924:including
3871:Dujiangyan
3858:Mount Emei
3848:Jiuzhaigou
3800:Wulingyuan
3672:Yellow Sea
3252:Yengisogat
3183:Altyn-Tagh
2948:Liu, Xinru
2930:2016-09-10
2868:10 October
2840:10 October
2690:GeoJournal
2584:August 18,
2500:2013-06-22
2490:"新疆天山成功申遗"
2351:References
2254:Tenger uul
2249:Тэнгэр уул
2240:Tanrı Dağı
2230:Tenğri tağ
2221:Old Turkic
1644:(≥ 0.1 mm)
1068:), pears (
859:Kyrgyzstan
819:Kyrgyzstan
768:Bogda Shan
756:Kumul City
714:permafrost
645:Kyrgyzstan
641:Kazakhstan
622:Bogda Shan
572:Uzbekistan
568:Kyrgyzstan
564:Kazakhstan
505:Tengir-Too
449:Designated
375:Designated
278:Tajikistan
274:Uzbekistan
270:Kyrgyzstan
266:Kazakhstan
160:80°07′32″E
157:42°02′06″N
62:editing it
5524:Tian Shan
5394:Tian Shan
5378:Qingcheng
5332:Kawagarbo
5123:Altishahr
5052:Nur Bekri
5037:Wang Zhen
5002:Yaqub Beg
4632:Education
4566:Dzungaria
4557:Tian Shan
4544:Geography
4464:Qing rule
4087:Bohai Sea
3985:Northeast
3843:Huanglong
3720:West Lake
3687:Mount Tai
3676:Bohai Sea
3666:Huangshan
3508:Huangshan
3422:Mount Tai
3341:Northeast
3247:Argu Tagh
3241:Karakoram
3224:Himalayas
3158:Tian Shan
3081:mountains
3058:Tien Shan
2976:162211306
2898:April 14,
2742:March 15,
2711:140639502
2639:cite book
2356:Citations
2275:Тәңри тағ
2245:Mongolian
2087:, in the
2085:Sima Qian
2081:Yan Shigu
1137:Silk Road
1125:Y. pestis
1080:), figs (
1053:Silk Road
984:Issyk Kul
936:from the
863:Borohoros
784:Ili River
782:from the
780:Dzungaria
745:Silk Road
699:Ili River
695:Syr Darya
603:Himalayan
550:Geography
497:Tian Shan
307:42°N 80°E
258:Countries
241:Tian Shan
211:Tian Shan
185:Geography
137:Elevation
95:Tian Shan
70:July 2023
5487:Zhongnan
5399:Changbai
5194:Category
4987:Amursana
4798:Gaochang
4731:Pamirdin
4417:Kara Del
4320:Göktürks
4315:Gaochang
4242:Xinjiang
4173:Saryarka
3779:Dengfeng
3725:Kulangsu
3049:Archived
2924:Archived
2813:June 18,
2807:Archived
2788:27858899
2736:Archived
2578:Archived
2523:Archived
2494:Archived
2468:Archived
2396:Archived
2264:تەڭرىتاغ
2193:Tiānshān
2117:See also
2027:Tengrism
2021:Tengrism
2016:Religion
1875:Source:
1828:Percent
1823:2,431.4
1733:Average
1637:(20.37)
1568:Average
1563:(−39.5)
1558:(−31.9)
1553:(−33.5)
1518:(−12.3)
1513:(−24.2)
1508:(−30.5)
1503:(−39.5)
1114:—
762:and the
689:and the
668:Xinjiang
618:Cenozoic
614:Eurasian
599:Tashkent
592:Mongolia
576:Xinjiang
532:Tengrism
441:Criteria
367:Criteria
18:Tianshan
5430:Yandang
5206:Commons
5106:Related
4992:Mingrui
4755:Economy
4726:Youtazi
4706:Dapanji
4698:Cuisine
4660:Culture
4332:Eastern
4328:Western
4283:Xiongnu
4265:History
4256:capital
3882:Jokhang
3853:Lijiang
3715:Hongcun
3707:in Qufu
3458:Qinling
3449:Central
3266:Hoh Xil
3019:Sources
2858:中国气象数据网
2805:. CNN.
2529:17 July
2236:Turkish
2215:Tiansan
2180:Chinese
2043:Xiongnu
2029:, Khan
2003:(21.4)
1993:(10.2)
1988:(22.8)
1983:(34.5)
1978:(41.0)
1973:(42.1)
1968:(37.9)
1963:(31.8)
1958:(23.9)
1953:(12.4)
1943:(−2.9)
1632:(0.11)
1627:(0.23)
1622:(0.56)
1617:(1.61)
1612:(3.89)
1607:(5.27)
1602:(4.26)
1597:(2.35)
1592:(1.35)
1587:(0.46)
1582:(0.18)
1577:(0.10)
1548:(−7.2)
1533:(19.6)
1523:(−1.8)
1493:(17.0)
1478:(18.0)
1473:(28.0)
1468:(34.9)
1463:(36.0)
1458:(32.0)
1453:(24.4)
1448:(16.9)
1433:(−2.4)
1423:(24.0)
1413:(14.9)
1408:(24.6)
1403:(34.7)
1398:(41.5)
1393:(42.6)
1388:(38.7)
1383:(31.6)
1378:(24.3)
1373:(14.9)
1353:(33.0)
1348:(16.0)
1343:(23.4)
1338:(33.6)
1333:(44.4)
1328:(50.9)
1323:(51.4)
1318:(47.7)
1313:(41.0)
1308:(34.3)
1303:(24.6)
1298:(16.5)
1293:(12.6)
1283:(66.6)
1278:(37.8)
1273:(43.7)
1268:(52.2)
1263:(61.5)
1258:(65.3)
1253:(66.6)
1248:(60.1)
1243:(59.9)
1238:(55.8)
1233:(47.3)
1228:(36.0)
1223:(32.7)
1143:Climate
1042:monsoon
1028:walnuts
1005:Ecology
964:Ice Age
817:Map of
774:. The
685:by the
458:session
436:Natural
384:session
370:vii, ix
362:Natural
323:Geology
5492:Gongga
5461:Yiwulü
5456:Kuaiji
5425:Lushan
5404:Kunlun
5368:Longhu
5363:Wudang
5306:Jiuhua
5057:Li Zhi
4980:People
4716:Sangza
4552:Cities
4336:Second
4278:Yuezhi
4252:Ürümqi
4244:topics
3965:Xanadu
3713:, and
3697:Temple
3661:Lushan
3004:
2974:
2786:
2709:
2670:
2612:
2552:
2460:
2430:
2402:5 July
2302:Kyrgyz
2281:Kazakh
2260:Uyghur
2210:Тянсан
2206:Dungan
2190::
2188:pinyin
2182::
2099:Yuezhi
2095:Qilian
2072:Qílián
2069::
2067:pinyin
2061::
2053::
2047:Qilian
2031:Tengri
1998:(0.9)
1948:(1.8)
1894:Month
1820:134.2
1817:153.4
1814:208.4
1811:225.2
1808:232.7
1805:212.7
1802:215.9
1799:250.8
1796:250.5
1793:231.0
1790:172.5
1787:144.1
1728:123.1
1684:145.5
1543:(0.5)
1538:(6.1)
1528:(8.8)
1488:(1.0)
1483:(8.2)
1443:(7.2)
1438:(0.3)
1418:(7.9)
1368:(7.7)
1363:(4.5)
1174:Month
1049:Tulips
1032:apples
977:and a
946:Pamirs
940:. The
895:Almaty
798:. The
752:Ürümqi
732:Ranges
676:Turkic
672:Alatau
610:Indian
476:Region
456:(40th
402:Region
382:(37th
312:42; 80
5420:Huang
5373:Qiyun
5316:Wutai
5311:Putuo
4736:Xurpa
4721:Samsa
4683:Muqam
4673:Music
4375:Qocho
4324:First
4151:Turan
3907:North
3805:Yinxu
3528:South
3381:North
2972:S2CID
2784:JSTOR
2731:Salon
2707:S2CID
2323:Uzbek
2164:Notes
2045:word
1996:−17.3
1991:−12.1
1951:−10.9
1946:−16.8
1941:−19.4
1933:Year
1719:10.0
1716:13.4
1707:15.2
1704:19.1
1701:14.9
1672:13.7
1669:19.4
1666:23.1
1663:21.6
1660:18.4
1657:14.4
1635:517.1
1605:133.8
1600:108.3
1561:−39.7
1556:−35.5
1551:−36.4
1546:−21.8
1541:−17.5
1536:−14.4
1526:−12.9
1521:−18.8
1516:−24.6
1511:−31.2
1506:−34.7
1501:−39.7
1486:−17.2
1481:−13.2
1441:−13.8
1436:−17.6
1431:−19.1
1416:−13.4
1366:−13.5
1361:−15.3
1291:−10.8
1213:Year
1095:Morus
1083:Ficus
1071:Pyrus
911:Talas
905:from
853:beach
649:China
262:China
5301:Emei
5285:Song
4334:and
3932:and
3884:and
3869:and
3860:and
3787:and
3711:Xidi
3703:and
3699:and
3637:East
3385:East
3383:and
3213:and
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