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451:. It spanned over 13 km2 and supported populations of at least thousands. Cahokia was notable for its delineated community zones, including those for administration, several residential areas, and a large agricultural complex. Domesticated squash, gourds, and maize were initially grown alongside wild beans; domesticated beans were not grown at Cahokia until 1250. The cultivation of the Three Sisters crops by Cahokian residents produced a food surplus large enough to support Cahokia's expanded population, as well as further cultures throughout the extended
416:
cultivation per capita for their subsistence with more cultivated land required for trade. Sissel
Schroeder estimates that the average yield of Native American farms in the 19th century was 18.9 bushels per acre (1.2 t/ha), but opines that pre-historic yields might have been as low as 10 bushels per acre (0.6 t/ha). As the Iroquois and other Native Americans did not plow their land, Mt. Pleasant and Burt concluded that their lands retained more organic matter and thus were higher in yields of maize than early Euro-American farms in North America.
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preparation for the planting of the Three
Sisters by clearing the planting ground, after which groups of related women, working communally, performed the planting, weeding, and harvesting. Based on archaeological findings, paleobotanist John Hart concludes that the Haudenosaunee began growing the three crops as a polyculture sometime after 700
561:. As Earth Woman died, either she wished for her body to sustain the people or Sky Woman sowed on her grave the seeds she had brought when she fell to Earth, but never planted before. Out of Earth Woman's body parts grew various plants: the spirits of the corn, beans, and squash came from her breasts, hands, and navel respectively;
601:. The Haudenosaunee frequently traded their crops, so the need for each crop could vary substantially from year to year. Jane Mt. Pleasant surmises that the Haudenosaunee may have typically inter-planted the three crops, but they could also have planted monocultures of the individual crops to meet specific needs.
114:
first, followed by maize and then beans, over a period of 5,000–6,500 years. European records from the sixteenth century describe highly productive
Indigenous agriculture based on cultivation of the Three Sisters throughout what are now the Eastern United States and Canada, where the crops were used
415:
near the northern limit of where agriculture was feasible and had less fertile soils than many other regions. Nevertheless, they produced surpluses for trading with nearby non-agricultural peoples. Bruce
Trigger estimates that the Hurons required .4 to .8 acres (1,600 to 3,200 m) of land under
596:
Among the
Haudenosaunee, women were responsible for cultivation and distribution of the three crops, which raised their social status. Male roles traditionally included extended periods of travel, such as for hunting expeditions, diplomatic missions, or military raids. Men took part in the initial
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Researchers in the early 20th century described more than a dozen varieties of maize and similar numbers of bean varieties, as well as many types of squash, such as pumpkin and winter squash, grown in
Haudenosaunee communities. The first academic description of the Three Sisters cropping system in
430:
Maize, beans, and squash, whether grown individually or together, have a very long history in the
Americas. The process to develop the agricultural knowledge for cultivation took place over a 5,000 to 6,500 year period. Squash was domesticated first, with maize second and beans third. Squash was
474:
Eventual overuse of the environment in the areas surrounding
Cahokia began to degrade the land. As the surrounding woodlands were cleared through overuse, runoff frequently flooded the crop fields throughout the growing season, limiting the ability to grow the squash, maize, and corn Cahokia
403:
techniques preserved soil fertility. In a similar experiment to reproduce Native
American agricultural practices in Minnesota, Munson-Scullin and Scullin reported that over three years, the per-acre annual maize yields declined from 40 to 30 to 25 bushels (2.5, 1.9, and 1.6 t/ha).
151:) and large domesticated animals that could be used for agricultural labor. At the time of first contact between the Europeans and the Americans, Carlos Sempat Assadourian writes that Europeans practiced "extensive agriculture, based on the plough and draught animals" while the
588:
wished to die after the US military killed
Haudenosaunee communities and villagers. Handsome Lake, grief-stricken, envisioned a visit by the spirits of the Three Sisters, prompting him to return to and re-teach his fellow Haudenosaunee their traditional agricultural practices.
466:
There is evidence that Cahokia held at least one great feast around 1050-1100 AD. The food served at these gatherings included, alongside a variety of other plants and animals, several domesticated squash varieties, maize, and wild beans. Food that needed to be processed, like
379:, but get more protein yield from the inter-planted bean and pumpkin. Mt. Pleasant writes that this largely explains the value of the Three Sisters over monoculture cropping, as the system yields large amounts of energy, and at the same time increases protein yields; this
244:
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1910 reported that the Iroquois preferred to plant the three crops together, since it took less time and effort than planting them individually, and because they believed the plants were "guarded by three inseparable spirits and would not thrive apart".
248:
395:. They reported maize yields of 22 to 76 bushels per acre (1.4 to 4.8 tonnes per hectare). Soil fertility and weather were the main determinants of yield. Mt. Pleasant also questioned the conventional wisdom that the Iroquois practiced
348:, manages plant population and spacing, provides for plant nutrients in appropriate quantities, and at the time needed, and controls weeds". After several thousand years of selective breeding, the hemisphere's most important crop,
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1875:
816:
Mt. Pleasant, Jane (2006). "The science behind the Three Sisters mound system: An agronomic assessment of an indigenous agricultural system in the northeast". In Staller, John E.; Tykot, Robert H.; Benz, Bruce F. (eds.).
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Indigenous peoples throughout North America cultivated different varieties of the Three Sisters, adapted to varying local environments. The individual crops and their use in polyculture originated in
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in the soil, and their twining vines stabilize the maize in high winds, and the wide leaves of the squash plant shade the ground, keeping the soil moist and helping prevent the establishment of
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soil around the base of the plants each year; squash is typically planted between the mounds. In the northeastern U.S., this practice increases soil temperature in the mound and improves
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Although this synergy had been traditionally reputed among American cultures, scientific confirmation has arrived only much more recently. Much of this research was
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European records from the sixteenth century describe highly productive Indigenous agriculture based on cultivation of the Three Sisters throughout what are now the
3892:
1122:
Mt. Pleasant, Jane; Burt, Robert F. (2010). "Estimating Productivity of Traditional Iroquoian Cropping Systems from Field Experiments and Historical Literature".
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and stabilize the maize in high winds, and the wide leaves of the squash plant shade the ground, keeping the soil moist and helping prevent the establishment of
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482:, the Cahokia site had been mostly abandoned and the large population dispersed, though the Mississippian and Muscogee cultures continued to thrive until
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1970 select later maturing lines of beans to produce the converse effect, increasing even further the yield gain of beans when planted with maize. Pronin
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cropping system yielded more food and supported more people per hectare compared to monocultures of the individual crops or mixtures of monocultures.
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200:. A modern experiment found that the Haudenosaunee Three Sisters polyculture provided both more energy and more protein than any local monoculture.
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514:, the Three Sisters are called the "foundation of (Iroquois) subsistence", allowing the Haudenosaunee or Iroquois to develop the institutions of
623:. Archaeological evidence suggests that Chapalote-Nal-Tel was the dominant maize species, though it is likely others were being exploited also.
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1955:
704:
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Indigenous peoples throughout North America cultivated different varieties of the Three Sisters, adapted to varying local environments. The
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agriculture, abandoning fields when the soil was depleted of nutrients after several years of farming, but instead claimed that Iroquoian
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writes that the Three Sisters mound system "enhances the soil physical and biochemical environment, minimizes soil erosion, improves soil
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agriculture at 8 to 22 bushels per acre (0.5 to 1.4 t/ha), the higher yields coming from newly cultivated land. The Huron lived in
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The Maya diet focused on the Three Sisters. Maize was the central component of the diet of the ancient Maya and figured prominently in
1900:
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7371:
6125:
3955:
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2441:
1926:
819:
Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize
726:
Sempat Assadourian, Carlos (1992). "The Colonial Economy: The Transfer of the European System of Production to New Spain and Peru".
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Scholars Mt. Pleasant and Burt reproduced Iroquois methods of cultivation with Iroquoian varieties of maize at several locations in
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described the Three Sisters as "a symbiotic plant complex of North and Central America without an equal elsewhere". The agronomist
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3572:
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683:
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Woods, William I. (2004). "Population nucleation, intensive agriculture, and environmental degradation: The Cahokia example".
471:, would commonly be prepared at the feast site alongside non-food items that gave the feasts ritual or ceremonial importance.
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316:, which attracts bees to help pollinate the beans and squash. The Three Sisters crop model was widely used by a number of
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soil around the base of the plants each year; squash is typically planted between the mounds. The cornstalk serves as a
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940:"Returning the 'three sisters' – corn, beans and squash – to Native American farms nourishes people, land and cultures"
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described the Three Sisters as "a symbiotic plant complex of North and Central America without an equal elsewhere".
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Munson-Scullin, Wendy; Scullin, Michael (2005). "Potential Productivity of Midwestern Native American Gardens".
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Schroeder, Sissel (1999). "Maize Productivity in the Eastern Woodlands and Great Plains of North America".
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1269:"Using Maize values to assess soil fertility in fifteenth and sixteenth and Iroquoian agricultural fields"
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Mt. Pleasant, Jane (2001). "The Three Sisters: Care for the Land and the People". In James, Keith (ed.).
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Trigger, Bruce Graham (1963). "Settlement as an Aspect of Iroquoian Adaptation at the Time of Conquest".
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Smith, Bruce D. (1997). "The Initial Domestication of Cucurbita pepo in the Americas 10,000 Years Ago".
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From 800 AD, Three Sisters crop organization was used in the largest Native American city north of the
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fell to Earth, where she had a daughter named Earth Woman. With the west wind, Earth Woman conceived
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Other scholars have estimated lower average yields of maize. Hart and Feranec estimated the yield of
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life. The Three Sisters appear prominently in Haudenosaunee oral traditions and ceremonies, such as
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1538:. Mildred E. Mathias Botanical Garden, University of California at Los Angeles. n.d. Archived from
1046:"The Three Sisters: Optimizing the value and food potential of an ancestral indigenous crop system"
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1970 find a wide number of leguminous crops increase the growth and yield of maize, while Gulyaev
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Iroquois Corn in a Culture-Based Curriculum: A Framework for Respectfully Teaching about Cultures
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176:) are planted close together. The maize and beans are often planted together in mounds formed by
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1426:"The 'How' of the Three Sisters: The Origins of Agriculture in Mesoamerica and the Human Niche"
489:, when contact with Spanish explorers brought Eurasian diseases, death, and cultural collapse.
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352:, was more productive than Old World grain crops. Maize produced two and one-half times more
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2015:
1882:. Droulers/Tsiionhiakwatha Archaeological Site Interpretation Center. n.d. Archived from
1575:
861:"Food Yields and Nutrient Analyses of the Three Sisters: A Haudenosaunee Cropping System"
653:
578:
566:
341:
313:
297:
266:
197:
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375:; with the Three Sisters, farmers harvest about the same amount of energy as from maize
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Ensminger, Audrey H.; Ensminger, M. E.; Konlande, James E.; Robson, John R. K. (1994).
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59:) are the three main agricultural crops of various indigenous people of Central and
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1876:"The St. Lawrence Iroquoians: A Lifestyle Shaped by the Seasons: The Three Sisters"
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1807:"The Three Sisters: Corn, Beans, and Squash: How to Plant a Three Sisters Garden"
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Bushnell, G. H. S. (1976). "The Beginning and Growth of Agriculture in Mexico".
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Agricultural origins and dispersals: the domestication of animals and foodstuffs
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This article is about maize, beans, and squash. For the variety of tomato, see
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1911:
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The Allegany Senecas and Kinzua Dam: forced relocation through two generations
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in that the Americas lacked large-seeded, easily domesticated grains (such as
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1977:
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Science and Native American Communities: Legacies of Pain, Visions of Promise
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The Three Sisters planting method is featured on the reverse of the 2009 US
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are farms or gardens that employ companion planting on a larger scale. The
203:
The three crops benefit by being grown together. The cornstalk serves as a
1638:(1978). "Northern Iroquois Culture Patterns". In Trigger, Bruce G. (ed.).
236:
Biochemical and Physiological Bases for Plant Interactions in Phytocenosis
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brother, Flint, was so impatient that he came out of his mother's side,
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6723:
6632:
6262:
5946:
5824:
5779:
5676:
5493:
5431:
5196:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5124:
5025:
4351:
4303:
4273:
4213:
4020:
3779:
3589:
3531:
3489:
3479:
3333:
3212:
2852:
2749:
2621:
2536:
2361:
1390:
440:
367:
from maize is further enhanced by protein contributions from beans and
270:
253:. Dzubenko & Petrenko 1971, Lykhvar & Nazarova 1970 and Pronin
5610:
2451:
747:
7478:
7447:
7223:
7208:
7053:
6944:
6671:
6257:
6082:
6077:
6062:
6006:
5890:
5860:
5757:
5706:
5575:
5570:
5351:
5323:
5208:
5139:
5134:
5129:
4879:
4874:
4853:
4423:
4413:
4393:
4288:
4097:
3985:
3877:
3654:
3338:
3252:
2626:
2456:
554:
550:
534:
515:
448:
372:
163:
140:
87:, the maize and beans are often planted together in mounds formed by
64:
1894:. American Farm Bureau Foundation for Agriculture. November 8, 2016.
1374:
1165:
Mt. Pleasant, Jane (2011). "The Paradox of Plows and Productivity".
1024:. White River Junction, Vt.: Chelsea Green Publishing. p. 149.
772:
Putnam, A. R.; Duke, W. B. (1978). "Allelopathy in Agroecosystems".
6067:
5916:
5900:
5875:
5865:
5716:
5645:
5473:
5458:
4899:
4649:
4617:
3834:
3759:
3102:
3097:
2825:
2789:
2739:
2601:
2386:
468:
460:
185:
181:
5660:
1612:
Feeding Cahokia: early agriculture in the North American heartland
914:. The Green World. New York: Infobase Publishing. pp. 57–58.
6097:
6001:
5926:
5921:
5747:
5711:
5696:
5691:
5635:
5630:
5580:
5346:
5249:
5174:
5169:
5079:
4624:
4438:
4418:
3872:
3769:
3087:
2832:
2316:
2193:
2115:
1837:
Maxi'diwiac (Buffalo Bird Woman) (2008) . Wilson, Gilbert (ed.).
1739:
570:
444:
412:
368:
353:
224:
196:
of the cropping system by limiting soil erosion and oxidation of
189:
177:
88:
1614:. Tuscaloosa: The University Of Alabama Press. pp. 74–118.
1096:
972:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press. pp. 64–66.
7488:
6092:
6042:
5996:
5971:
5966:
5956:
5834:
5809:
5804:
5701:
5686:
5681:
5640:
4727:
4205:
4075:
3724:
3629:
2178:
574:
434:
148:
3024:
1405:
447:, located in the Mississippi floodplain to the east of modern
7483:
6087:
6032:
6022:
5951:
5839:
5799:
5737:
5732:
5655:
5600:
5110:
4884:
4408:
4154:
3684:
3546:
2922:
497:
349:
345:
289:
167:
144:
68:
32:
1839:
Agriculture of the Hidatsa Indians: An Indian Interpretation
1071:(1st ed.). Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press. p. 64.
273:
with maize, and even more so in soils with preexisting high
5794:
5742:
5590:
5478:
5463:
2882:
1101:(2nd ed.). Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press. p. 1104.
538:
305:
220:
212:
100:
72:
16:
Agricultural technique of Indigenous people in the Americas
1642:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. p. 299.
1048:. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. August 6, 2021
155:
practiced "intensive agriculture, based on human labour".
7284:
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954
6248:
Prehistoric agriculture in the Southwestern United States
1692:
Thanksgiving: Native American Stories, Recipes and Crafts
1536:"Cucurbitaceae--Fruits for Peons, Pilgrims, and Pharaohs"
1457:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
359:
Nutritionally, maize, beans, and squash contain all nine
1640:
Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 15: Northeast
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
1734:
How the famous Three Sisters survived - Rebecca Webster
234:
in the early 1970s and published in several volumes of
139:
Agricultural history in the Americas differed from the
7324:
Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996
7319:
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990
6204:
Early history of food regulation in the United States
1782:(doctoral thesis). University of Wisconsin, Madison.
1215:
995:
1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus
754:
371:
seeds, while pumpkin flesh provides large amounts of
184:, both of which benefit maize planted in spring. In
6147:
336:
and Canada, from Florida to Ontario. The geographer
7294:
California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975
1673:
The Thanksgiving Address - Earth to Tables Legacies
1209:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
811:
809:
807:
805:
529:out of Earth Woman's dead body. During the time of
1860:. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 126–134.
992:
965:
725:
158:In Indigenous American companion planting, maize (
1158:
1115:
1022:Gaia's Garden: A Guide to Home-Scale Permaculture
910:Young, Kim J. (2007). Hopkins, William G. (ed.).
7508:
1411:
1121:
1038:
835:
802:
431:first domesticated some 8,000–10,000 years ago.
1941:
821:. Amsterdam: Academic Press. pp. 529–537.
1354:
1090:
219:of some squash varieties deter pests, such as
6133:
5095:
4743:
3010:
1927:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1448:
1013:
999:. New York: Vintage Books. pp. 220–221.
284:Three Sisters mound planting in Arizona, 2022
1746:
1656:
1319:
1164:
1083:
858:
815:
522:and the Haudenosaunee Thanksgiving Address.
435:Cahokian, Mississippian and Muscogee culture
7532:History of agriculture in the United States
6243:Prehistoric agriculture on the Great Plains
1901:"The Three Sisters: Corn, Beans and Squash"
1841:. Gloucestershire: Dodo Press. p. 25.
1757:. University of Nebraska Press. p. 8.
1628:
1417:
1266:
933:
931:
679:Prehistoric agriculture on the Great Plains
356:per given land area than wheat and barley.
6231:List of food plants native to the Americas
6140:
6126:
5102:
5088:
4750:
4736:
3017:
3003:
1934:
1920:
1677:. Earth to Table Legacies. March 16, 2020.
1598:
1546:
1491:
1267:Hart, John P.; Feranec, Robert S. (2020).
1060:
938:Hill, Christina Gish (November 20, 2020).
771:
719:
7567:Cuisine of the Southwestern United States
7304:Children's Act for Responsible Employment
2442:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
1771:
1360:
1302:
1284:
1260:
957:
903:
894:
876:
188:or Iroquois farming, the fields were not
7522:Crops originating from the United States
7252:National Agricultural Statistics Service
5377:International corn production statistics
1454:
1019:
984:
928:
634:Agriculture in the prehistoric Southwest
496:
492:
300:adopted this garden design in the drier
279:
126:
27:
7572:Western (genre) staples and terminology
7289:Agriculture Risk Protection Act of 2000
7247:United States Department of Agriculture
6209:Indentured servitude in British America
1780:Taxonomy and Evolution of Mexican Maize
1752:
1729:
1325:
684:Southern New England Algonquian cuisine
525:According to legend, the Three Sisters
7517:Plants used in Native American cuisine
7509:
1822:. State University of New York Press.
1730:Webster, Rebecca (February 20, 2024).
1634:
1423:
697:
584:It is said that in 1779, Seneca Chief
419:
312:often included a "fourth Sister", the
122:
6121:
5083:
4943:Permaculture Institute of El Salvador
4731:
2998:
1915:
1805:Boeckmann, Catherine (May 14, 2020).
1609:
1561:
1497:
1066:
963:
909:
265:1972 find increased productivity and
7582:Cuisine of the Western United States
5054:
1777:
1528:
990:
937:
115:for both food and trade. Geographer
7257:United States Census of Agriculture
2913:Norse colonization of North America
1711:3 Sisters to Invite to Thanksgiving
1706:
1069:Agricultural origins and dispersals
788:10.1146/annurev.py.16.090178.002243
192:, enhancing soil fertility and the
13:
7458:United Food and Commercial Workers
7362:Agricultural workers mental health
5109:
3033:Mississippian and related cultures
1798:
1688:Us, Kimberly (November 14, 2021).
1687:
1576:10.1023/B:AHUM.0000029398.01906.5e
1099:Foods & Nutrition Encyclopedia
511:Handbook of North American Indians
207:for the beans to climb, the beans
153:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
97:fix nitrogen in their root nodules
14:
7593:
7229:Pacific Northwest oyster industry
4923:Centre for Alternative Technology
1707:Day, Ashley (November 20, 2023).
728:Journal of Latin American Studies
322:Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands
7547:Early agriculture in Mesoamerica
6290:
6149:Agriculture in the United States
5063:
5053:
5044:
5043:
4757:
3026:
734:(Quincentenary Supplement): 62.
7443:Farm Labor Organizing Committee
4667:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
2933:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
1723:
1700:
1681:
1663:
775:Annual Review of Phytopathology
705:"2009 Native American $ 1 Coin"
604:
327:
4938:Permaculture College Australia
3049:Timeline of Mississippi valley
240:Andrey Mikhailovich Grodzinsky
95:for climbing beans, the beans
1:
5773:List of tortilla-based dishes
4249:Grand Village of the Illinois
1340:10.1525/aa.1963.65.1.02a00070
690:
483:
476:
275:nitrogen fixing microorganism
269:in both crops when combining
232:performed in the Soviet Union
7527:Indigenous cuisine in Canada
7463:Woman's Land Army of America
6192:Eastern Agricultural Complex
6177:Ancient Hawaiian aquaculture
4026:Grand Village of the Natchez
2898:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing
2848:Eastern Agricultural Complex
1564:Agriculture and Human Values
1514:10.1126/science.276.5314.932
1412:Mt. Pleasant & Burt 2010
1286:10.1371/journal.pone.0230952
649:Eastern Agricultural Complex
302:deserts and xeric shrublands
7:
6238:Native American in Virginia
5421:National Cornbread Festival
5387:Three Sisters (agriculture)
4953:Pomona College Organic Farm
4933:Permaculture Action Network
4895:Three Sisters (agriculture)
3044:List of Mississippian sites
2282:Bandelier National Monument
2156:List of Mississippian sites
1943:Pre-Columbian North America
859:Mt. Pleasant, Jane (2016).
626:
83:). In a technique known as
10:
7598:
7344:Taylor Grazing Act of 1934
7334:Packers and Stockyards Act
7199:Southwestern United States
6288:
2702:West Oak Forest Earthlodge
2307:The Bluff Point Stoneworks
2016:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi)
1424:Landon, Amanda J. (2008).
608:
423:
18:
7471:
7423:
7397:
7377:Genetically modified food
7352:
7314:Food Security Act of 1985
7269:
7237:
7191:
7162:Northern Mariana Islands
6621:genetically modified food
6419:
6399:Connecticut shade tobacco
6299:
6155:
6015:
5909:
5848:
5725:
5669:
5526:
5451:
5442:
5395:
5337:
5304:
5268:
5242:
5117:
5039:
4961:
4908:
4862:
4806:
4765:
4694:
4583:
4515:
4447:
4386:
4379:
4332:
4204:
4193:
4123:
3974:
3931:
3863:
3571:
3445:
3357:
3276:
3203:
3066:
3057:
3039:
2971:
2943:Three Sisters agriculture
2798:
2730:
2262:
1991:
1949:
1818:Cornelius, Carol (1999).
1136:10.2993/0278-0771-30.1.52
878:10.14237/ebl.7.1.2016.721
707:. United States Mint. n.d
386:
308:and other peoples of the
4928:Permaculture Association
3961:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery
2482:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site
2041:Buttermilk Creek complex
1880:Virtual Museum of Canada
1811:The Old Farmer's Almanac
1195:10.3098/ah.2011.85.4.460
1179:10.3098/ah.2011.85.4.460
664:Mesoamerican agriculture
503:Madison County, New York
453:Mississippi River system
310:North American Southwest
4591:Ballgame (Southeastern)
4487:Long-nosed god maskette
4367:SunWatch Indian Village
4314:Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs
4175:Ka-Do-Ha Indian Village
2682:Town Creek Indian Mound
2652:Sierra de San Francisco
2507:Meadowcroft Rockshelter
1778:Benz, Bruce F. (1986).
1430:Nebraska Anthropologist
1328:American Anthropologist
1124:Journal of Ethnobiology
1067:Sauer, Carl O. (1952).
1020:Hemenway, Toby (2000).
964:Sauer, Carl O. (1969).
314:Rocky Mountain beeplant
71:("corn"), and climbing
7339:Pure Food and Drug Act
5382:List of popcorn brands
4971:People in permaculture
4890:Spent mushroom compost
4342:Alligator Effigy Mound
3956:Hickory Ridge Cemetery
3908:Leon-Jefferson culture
3304:Caborn-Welborn culture
2337:Coso Rock Art District
2224:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
2127:List of Hopewell sites
1477:10.1098/rstb.1976.0074
991:Mann, Charles (2005).
505:
285:
136:
56:
44:
7410:California nut crimes
6422:or territory-specific
5187:Quality Protein Maize
4798:Synergistic gardening
3071:and Upper Mississippi
2745:Arlington Springs Man
2587:Portsmouth Earthworks
1899:Vivian, John (n.d.).
1753:Bilharz, Joy (2002).
1610:Fritz, Gayle (2019).
1218:Plains Anthropologist
609:Further information:
500:
493:Haudenosaunee culture
455:such as those of the
424:Further information:
361:essential amino acids
334:Eastern United States
283:
130:
31:
6420:State, commonwealth,
5160:Genetically modified
4844:Raised-bed gardening
4630:Earth/fertility cult
4334:Fort Ancient culture
3218:Dogtooth Bend Mounds
3204:Lower Ohio River and
3190:Steed-Kisker culture
2953:Transoceanic contact
2843:Container Revolution
2417:Gila Cliff Dwellings
2382:Etowah Indian Mounds
1886:on February 7, 2020.
1542:on October 16, 2013.
1230:10.1179/pan.2005.004
1167:Agricultural History
865:Ethnobiology Letters
21:Three Sisters tomato
7453:United Farm Workers
7299:Capper–Volstead Act
7279:Agricultural policy
5426:Sweet Corn Festival
4948:Plants for a Future
4829:Holzer Permaculture
4635:Green Corn Ceremony
4195:Upper Mississippian
4145:Blue Spring Shelter
3865:Fort Walton culture
3319:Hovey Lake District
2873:Green Corn Ceremony
2687:Turkey River Mounds
2477:Lake Jackson Mounds
2297:Blue Spring Shelter
1892:"The Three Sisters"
1657:Mt. Pleasant (2016)
1469:1976RSPTB.275..117B
1084:Mt. Pleasant (2016)
654:Inga alley cropping
573:from her head; and
501:Historic marker in
475:subsisted upon. By
449:St. Louis, Missouri
420:Society and culture
298:Ancestral Puebloans
198:soil organic matter
170:spp.), and squash (
123:Cultivation methods
110:, where squash was
6187:Columbian exchange
5621:Mămăligă în pături
5329:Maize streak virus
5006:Patrick Whitefield
4918:Beacon Food Forest
4814:Companion planting
4717:de Soto Expedition
4682:Underwater panther
4528:Central Algonquian
4239:Fisher Mound Group
3883:Apalachee Province
3850:Waddells Mill Pond
2958:Underwater panther
2632:Rosenstock Village
2502:Marmes Rockshelter
2487:L'Anse aux Meadows
1636:Fenton, William N.
1363:American Antiquity
541:. The first twin,
506:
286:
137:
85:companion planting
45:
7537:Organic gardening
7504:
7503:
7329:Grain Futures Act
7204:Black Dirt Region
6115:
6114:
6111:
6110:
5276:Corn construction
5077:
5076:
4963:Permaculturalists
4870:Composting toilet
4725:
4724:
4690:
4689:
4375:
4374:
3991:Atchafalaya Basin
3933:Pensacola culture
3898:Fort Walton Mound
3790:Punk Rock Shelter
3750:Mouse Creek phase
3573:South Appalachian
3567:
3566:
3446:Central and Lower
3387:Castalian Springs
3377:Brentwood Library
3277:Middle Ohio River
3130:Emerald Acropolis
2992:
2991:
2984:Pre-Columbian era
2785:Spirit Cave mummy
2582:Plum Bayou Mounds
2492:Lynch Quarry Site
2011:Ancient Beringian
1905:Mother Earth News
1867:978-0-8032-7615-4
1848:978-1-4099-4233-7
1829:978-0-7914-4027-8
1764:978-0-8032-6203-4
1696:. KimberlyUs.com.
1649:978-0-1600-4575-2
1508:(5314): 932–934.
1031:978-1-890132-52-1
1006:978-1-4000-3205-1
921:978-1-4381-0694-6
828:978-0-1236-9364-8
669:Multiple cropping
559:during childbirth
342:Jane Mt. Pleasant
304:environment. The
7589:
7405:Adulterated food
7387:Ogallala Aquifer
6294:
6165:African-American
6142:
6135:
6128:
6119:
6118:
5856:Battered sausage
5790:Pastel de choclo
5726:Breads and cakes
5509:Public relations
5449:
5448:
5417:(1994 sculpture)
5357:Cornstalk fiddle
5104:
5097:
5090:
5081:
5080:
5067:
5057:
5056:
5047:
5046:
4824:Grassed waterway
4819:Forest gardening
4752:
4745:
4738:
4729:
4728:
4492:Mill Creek chert
4482:Duck River cache
4384:
4383:
4202:
4201:
3966:Pensacola people
3760:Muscogee (Creek)
3600:Bell Field Mound
3314:Hovey Lake-Klein
3268:Wickliffe Mounds
3243:Rowlandton Mound
3160:Lunsford-Pulcher
3064:
3063:
3031:
3030:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2996:
2995:
2928:Projectile point
2765:Leanderthal Lady
2692:Upward Sun River
2667:Stallings Island
2657:Shell ring sites
2607:Recapture Canyon
2522:Moorehead Circle
2367:El Fin del Mundo
2352:Cueva de la Olla
2158:
2145:Maritime Archaic
2129:
1959:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1895:
1887:
1871:
1852:
1833:
1814:
1792:
1791:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1667:
1661:
1653:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1607:
1596:
1595:
1570:(2/3): 255–259.
1559:
1544:
1543:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1463:(936): 117–120.
1452:
1446:
1445:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1306:
1288:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1094:
1088:
1080:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1017:
1011:
1010:
998:
988:
982:
981:
971:
961:
955:
954:
952:
950:
944:The Conversation
935:
926:
925:
907:
901:
900:
898:
880:
856:
833:
832:
813:
800:
799:
769:
752:
751:
723:
717:
716:
714:
712:
701:
569:from her heart;
488:
485:
481:
478:
252:
133:Sacagawea dollar
43:planted together
7597:
7596:
7592:
7591:
7590:
7588:
7587:
7586:
7507:
7506:
7505:
7500:
7467:
7438:Convict leasing
7433:Bracero Program
7419:
7393:
7354:
7348:
7271:
7265:
7239:
7233:
7187:
7090:Virgin Islands
7020:South Carolina
6421:
6415:
6295:
6286:
6275:Native American
6226:New World crops
6170:Black land loss
6151:
6146:
6116:
6107:
6028:Bourbon whiskey
6011:
5937:Corn on the cob
5905:
5844:
5721:
5665:
5528:
5522:
5438:
5391:
5333:
5300:
5286:Nixtamalization
5264:
5238:
5113:
5108:
5078:
5073:
5035:
4957:
4904:
4858:
4802:
4761:
4756:
4726:
4721:
4707:Clarksdale bell
4686:
4672:Stone box grave
4613:Ceremonial pipe
4579:
4538:Mobilian Jargon
4511:
4443:
4371:
4328:
4196:
4189:
4126:
4119:
3977:
3970:
3927:
3859:
3805:Rucker's Bottom
3595:Beaverdam Creek
3575:
3563:
3447:
3441:
3402:Hiwassee Island
3359:
3353:
3344:Welborn Village
3272:
3233:Millstone Bluff
3206:Confluence area
3205:
3199:
3195:Sugarloaf Mound
3135:Emmons Cemetery
3070:
3068:American Bottom
3059:
3053:
3035:
3025:
3023:
2993:
2988:
2979:Genetic history
2967:
2821:Ceremonial pipe
2794:
2775:Minnesota Woman
2732:
2726:
2547:Ocmulgee Mounds
2527:Morrison Mounds
2472:Kolomoki Mounds
2462:Kimball Village
2322:Candelaria Cave
2264:
2258:
2239:Suwannee Valley
2174:Old Cordilleran
2154:
2125:
1993:
1987:
1953:
1945:
1940:
1898:
1890:
1874:
1868:
1855:
1849:
1836:
1830:
1817:
1804:
1801:
1799:Further reading
1796:
1795:
1776:
1772:
1765:
1751:
1747:
1728:
1724:
1717:Food & Wine
1705:
1701:
1686:
1682:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1608:
1599:
1560:
1547:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1496:
1492:
1453:
1449:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1406:
1375:10.2307/2694148
1359:
1355:
1324:
1320:
1279:(4): e0230952.
1265:
1261:
1214:
1210:
1163:
1159:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1018:
1014:
1007:
989:
985:
962:
958:
948:
946:
936:
929:
922:
908:
904:
857:
836:
829:
814:
803:
770:
755:
724:
720:
710:
708:
703:
702:
698:
693:
688:
674:No-till farming
629:
613:
607:
581:from her feet.
575:purple potatoes
565:from her legs;
495:
486:
479:
437:
428:
422:
401:no-till farming
389:
330:
242:
125:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7595:
7585:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7502:
7501:
7499:
7498:
7497:
7496:
7491:
7481:
7475:
7473:
7469:
7468:
7466:
7465:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7429:
7427:
7421:
7420:
7418:
7417:
7415:Cattle raiding
7412:
7407:
7401:
7399:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7389:
7379:
7374:
7372:Farmer suicide
7369:
7367:Climate change
7364:
7358:
7356:
7350:
7349:
7347:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7275:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7260:
7259:
7243:
7241:
7235:
7234:
7232:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7195:
7193:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7185:
7184:
7183:
7178:
7170:
7169:
7168:
7160:
7159:
7158:
7150:
7149:
7148:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7133:
7123:
7122:
7121:
7115:West Virginia
7113:
7112:
7111:
7106:
7098:
7097:
7096:
7088:
7087:
7086:
7081:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7066:
7058:
7057:
7056:
7048:
7047:
7046:
7038:
7037:
7036:
7028:
7027:
7026:
7018:
7017:
7016:
7011:
7003:
7002:
7001:
6996:
6986:
6985:
6984:
6974:
6973:
6972:
6967:
6959:
6958:
6957:
6949:
6948:
6947:
6939:
6938:
6937:
6929:
6928:
6927:
6920:North Carolina
6917:
6916:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6897:
6896:
6895:
6890:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6873:
6865:
6864:
6863:
6857:New Hampshire
6855:
6854:
6853:
6848:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6823:
6815:
6814:
6813:
6808:
6800:
6799:
6798:
6790:
6789:
6788:
6780:
6779:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6760:
6759:
6758:
6753:
6747:Massachusetts
6745:
6744:
6743:
6738:
6728:
6727:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6708:
6707:
6706:
6704:Louisiana wine
6698:
6697:
6696:
6686:
6685:
6684:
6676:
6675:
6674:
6664:
6663:
6662:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6645:
6637:
6636:
6635:
6625:
6624:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6598:
6597:
6596:
6588:
6587:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6566:
6565:
6564:
6559:
6551:
6550:
6549:
6544:
6534:
6533:
6532:
6527:
6517:
6516:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6490:
6489:
6488:
6483:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6468:
6460:
6459:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6438:
6437:
6436:
6425:
6423:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6339:Christmas tree
6336:
6331:
6330:
6329:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6289:
6287:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6282:
6277:
6267:
6266:
6265:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6216:
6206:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6161:
6159:
6153:
6152:
6145:
6144:
6137:
6130:
6122:
6113:
6112:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6048:Chicha de jora
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6019:
6017:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5977:Maíz con hielo
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5913:
5911:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5886:Corn schnitzel
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5820:Sopa paraguaya
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5729:
5727:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5673:
5671:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5596:Ginataang mais
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5561:Corn crab soup
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5541:Binte biluhuta
5538:
5532:
5530:
5527:Soups, stews,
5524:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5501:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5455:
5453:
5446:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5410:
5405:
5399:
5397:
5393:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5343:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5246:
5244:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5211:
5206:
5205:
5204:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5111:Maize and corn
5107:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5084:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5061:
5051:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4991:David Holmgren
4988:
4983:
4981:Brad Lancaster
4978:
4973:
4967:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4849:Sheet mulching
4846:
4841:
4839:Keyline design
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4810:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4755:
4754:
4747:
4740:
4732:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4714:
4712:Mound Builders
4709:
4704:
4699:
4698:Related topics
4695:
4692:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4663:
4662:
4660:Village bundle
4652:
4647:
4645:Platform mound
4642:
4640:Horned Serpent
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4621:
4620:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4519:
4517:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4507:Stone statuary
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4381:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4357:Leo Petroglyph
4354:
4349:
4344:
4338:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4294:Moccasin Bluff
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4244:Gentleman Farm
4241:
4236:
4231:
4229:Carcajou Point
4226:
4221:
4216:
4210:
4208:
4199:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4160:Caddoan Mounds
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4131:
4129:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4079:
4078:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3946:Dauphin Island
3943:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3869:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3620:Bussell Island
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3581:
3579:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3372:Beasley Mounds
3369:
3363:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3223:Kincaid Mounds
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3140:Horseshoe Lake
3137:
3132:
3127:
3125:Dickson Mounds
3122:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3022:
3021:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2903:Mound Builders
2900:
2895:
2890:
2888:Medicine wheel
2885:
2880:
2878:Horned Serpent
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2617:Roberts Island
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2552:Old Stone Fort
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2517:Moaning Cavern
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2467:Kincaid Mounds
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2347:Cuarenta Casas
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2302:Bluefish Caves
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2268:
2266:
2263:Archaeological
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2061:Caloosahatchee
2058:
2053:
2048:
2046:Caborn-Welborn
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1992:Archaeological
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1896:
1888:
1872:
1866:
1853:
1847:
1834:
1828:
1815:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1770:
1763:
1745:
1722:
1699:
1680:
1662:
1659:, p. 87.
1654:
1648:
1627:
1620:
1597:
1545:
1527:
1490:
1447:
1416:
1404:
1369:(2): 499–516.
1353:
1318:
1259:
1224:(193): 9, 15.
1208:
1157:
1114:
1107:
1089:
1086:, p. 87.
1081:
1059:
1037:
1030:
1012:
1005:
983:
956:
927:
920:
902:
834:
827:
801:
782:(1): 431–451.
753:
718:
695:
694:
692:
689:
687:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
630:
628:
625:
617:Maya mythology
606:
603:
520:Iroquois myths
494:
491:
436:
433:
421:
418:
397:slash-and-burn
388:
385:
329:
326:
194:sustainability
173:Cucurbita pepo
124:
121:
37:climbing beans
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7594:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7552:Seneca people
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7514:
7512:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7486:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7476:
7474:
7470:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7430:
7428:
7426:
7422:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7396:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7357:
7351:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7276:
7274:
7268:
7258:
7255:
7254:
7253:
7250:
7249:
7248:
7245:
7244:
7242:
7240:organizations
7236:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7200:
7197:
7196:
7194:
7190:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7167:
7164:
7163:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7153:
7151:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7128:
7127:
7124:
7120:
7117:
7116:
7114:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7055:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7035:
7032:
7031:
7030:South Dakota
7029:
7025:
7022:
7021:
7019:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7005:Rhode Island
7004:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6990:
6987:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6978:
6975:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6962:
6960:
6956:
6953:
6952:
6950:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6940:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6931:North Dakota
6930:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6885:
6884:
6881:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6866:
6862:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6833:
6831:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6818:
6816:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6803:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6784:
6783:
6781:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6732:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6711:
6709:
6705:
6702:
6701:
6699:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6690:
6687:
6683:
6680:
6679:
6677:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6656:
6653:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6634:
6631:
6630:
6629:
6626:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6589:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6571:
6570:
6567:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6554:
6552:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6539:
6538:
6535:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6521:
6518:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6494:
6491:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6439:
6435:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6418:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6328:
6325:
6324:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6293:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6268:
6264:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6224:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6198:
6197:Three Sisters
6195:
6194:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6182:Cattle drives
6180:
6178:
6175:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6166:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6143:
6138:
6136:
6131:
6129:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6058:Colada morada
6056:
6054:
6053:Chicha morada
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5908:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5847:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5785:Makki di roti
5783:
5781:
5778:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5768:Corn tortilla
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5730:
5728:
5724:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5668:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5606:Hasty pudding
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5525:
5517:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5504:High-fructose
5502:
5500:
5499:Glucose syrup
5497:
5496:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5441:
5434:
5433:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5414:Field of Corn
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5365:United States
5363:
5362:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5297:
5296:Popcorn maker
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5281:Maize milling
5279:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5241:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5105:
5100:
5098:
5093:
5091:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5060:
5052:
5050:
5042:
5041:
5038:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5021:Robyn Francis
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:Bill Mollison
4974:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4960:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4910:Organizations
4907:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4861:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4834:Intercropping
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4805:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4788:Permaforestry
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4748:
4746:
4741:
4739:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4655:Sacred bundle
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4582:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4476:
4475:Wulfing cache
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4460:Copper plates
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4434:Three Sisters
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4404:Little barley
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4362:Serpent Mound
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4324:Summer Island
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4127:Mississippian
4122:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3978:Mississippian
3973:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3893:Corbin–Tucker
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3800:Roods Landing
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3740:Moccasin Bend
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3670:Hoojah Branch
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3577:Mississippian
3574:
3570:
3560:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3500:Menard-Hodges
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3444:
3438:
3437:Swallow Bluff
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3358:Tennessee and
3356:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3228:Marshall Site
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3060:Mississippian
3056:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3020:
3015:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2863:Falcon dancer
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:Miscellaneous
2797:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:Melbourne Man
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2760:La Brea Woman
2758:
2756:
2755:Kennewick Man
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2647:Serpent Mound
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2597:Pueblo Bonito
2595:
2593:
2592:Poverty Point
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2577:Pinson Mounds
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:Painted Bluff
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2447:Horr's Island
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Effigy Mounds
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2342:Crystal River
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2254:Weeden Island
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2219:Safety Harbor
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2209:Poverty Point
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2189:Paleo-Indians
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2150:Mississippian
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1932:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1726:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1695:
1693:
1684:
1676:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1651:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1623:
1621:9780817392178
1617:
1613:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1494:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1451:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1414:, p. 62.
1413:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1110:
1108:0-8493-8980-1
1104:
1100:
1093:
1085:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1047:
1041:
1033:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1008:
1002:
997:
996:
987:
979:
975:
970:
969:
960:
945:
941:
934:
932:
923:
917:
913:
906:
897:
892:
888:
884:
879:
874:
870:
866:
862:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
830:
824:
820:
812:
810:
808:
806:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
776:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
722:
706:
700:
696:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
659:Intercropping
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
644:Crop rotation
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
624:
622:
618:
612:
602:
600:
594:
590:
587:
586:Handsome Lake
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
547:born normally
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
512:
504:
499:
490:
472:
470:
464:
462:
458:
457:Mississippian
454:
450:
446:
442:
432:
427:
426:Domestication
417:
414:
410:
405:
402:
398:
394:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:Carl O. Sauer
335:
325:
323:
319:
318:First Nations
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
282:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
250:
246:
241:
237:
233:
228:
226:
222:
218:
217:prickly hairs
214:
210:
206:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
186:Haudenosaunee
183:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
161:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
134:
129:
120:
118:
117:Carl O. Sauer
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:North America
58:
57:tres hermanas
54:
50:
49:Three Sisters
42:
41:winter squash
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
7542:Permaculture
7382:Water supply
6977:Pennsylvania
6792:Mississippi
6317:Blackcurrant
6219:Pennsylvania
6196:
6073:Corn whiskey
5871:Corn fritter
5849:Fried dishes
5651:Suam na mais
5586:Creamed corn
5566:Corn pudding
5556:Corn chowder
5529:and porridge
5516:High-maltose
5489:Steep liquor
5444:Maize dishes
5430:
5412:
5386:
5319:Corn allergy
5016:Paul Wheaton
5011:Paul Stamets
4996:Geoff Lawton
4894:
4783:Mycoforestry
4778:Ecosynthesis
4759:Permaculture
4702:Chevron bead
4608:Burial mound
4502:Shell gorget
4470:Spiro plates
4465:Rogan plates
4433:
4284:Knoll Spring
4259:Hartley Fort
4219:Beattie Park
4103:Transylvania
3941:Bottle Creek
3903:Lake Jackson
3785:Pisgah phase
3715:Little Egypt
3665:Garden Creek
3650:Dallas phase
3537:Tipton phase
3515:Nodena phase
3412:Mound Bottom
3397:Fewkes Group
3382:Brick Church
3284:Angel Mounds
3150:Kuhn Station
3145:John Chapman
2963:Water glyphs
2942:
2918:Oasisamerica
2908:N.A.G.P.R.A.
2868:Folsom point
2858:Effigy mound
2838:Clovis point
2806:Aridoamerica
2707:Wickiup Hill
2662:Spiro Mounds
2642:Salmon Ruins
2637:Russell Cave
2432:Helen Blazes
2427:Grimes Point
2407:Fort Juelson
2397:Fort Ancient
2372:El Vallecito
2332:Chaco Canyon
2272:Angel Mounds
2234:Steed-Kisker
2184:Paleo-Arctic
2106:Glacial Kame
2091:Fort Ancient
1983:Post-Classic
1954:
1904:
1884:the original
1879:
1857:
1838:
1819:
1810:
1779:
1773:
1754:
1748:
1733:
1725:
1710:
1702:
1691:
1683:
1672:
1665:
1639:
1630:
1611:
1567:
1563:
1540:the original
1530:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1407:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1334:(1): 90–93.
1331:
1327:
1321:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1098:
1092:
1068:
1062:
1050:. Retrieved
1040:
1021:
1015:
994:
986:
967:
959:
947:. Retrieved
943:
911:
905:
871:(1): 87–98.
868:
864:
818:
779:
773:
731:
727:
721:
709:. Retrieved
699:
639:Agroforestry
614:
611:Maya cuisine
605:Maya culture
595:
591:
583:
567:strawberries
524:
509:
507:
473:
465:
438:
429:
406:
390:
358:
331:
328:Productivity
287:
267:root exudate
262:
258:
254:
235:
229:
209:fix nitrogen
202:
171:
159:
157:
138:
112:domesticated
105:
81:common beans
77:tepary beans
48:
46:
25:
7355:environment
7238:Government
7214:Cotton Belt
7100:Washington
6989:Puerto Rico
6899:New Mexico
6867:New Jersey
6714:aquaculture
6537:Connecticut
6446:aquaculture
6038:Champurrado
5987:Maque choux
5962:Huitlacoche
5942:Corn relish
5932:Corn flakes
5910:Other foods
5896:Milho frito
5763:Corn cookie
5753:Chipa guasu
5469:Mielie-meal
5452:Ingredients
5408:Corn School
5403:Corn Palace
5361:By country
5291:Wet-milling
5031:Sepp Holzer
5001:Ianto Evans
4986:David Blume
4793:Polyculture
4773:Agroecology
4677:Thunderbird
4603:Black drink
4455:Emmons mask
4399:Chenopodium
4387:Agriculture
4309:Plum Island
4264:Hotel Plaza
4113:Winterville
4093:Scott Place
4031:Holly Bluff
3951:Fort Walton
3705:Lamar phase
3559:Walls phase
3455:Belle Meade
3448:Mississippi
3392:Dunbar Cave
3294:Annis Mound
3289:Angel phase
3263:Ware Mounds
3258:Twin Mounds
3108:Ramey state
3093:Monks Mound
2948:Thunderbird
2816:Black drink
2780:Peñon woman
2717:Winterville
2697:Velda Mound
2677:Taos Pueblo
2572:Parkin Park
2557:Orwell site
2542:Nodena site
2437:Holly Bluff
2412:Four Mounds
2402:Fort Center
2327:Casa Grande
2277:Anzick site
2169:Monongahela
2096:Fort Walton
2071:Coles Creek
2036:Belle Glade
2021:Anishinaabe
1436:: 110–124.
1052:October 14,
912:Ethnobotany
487: 1600
480: 1350
381:polyculture
377:monoculture
294:Mesoamerica
243: [
108:Mesoamerica
75:(typically
7511:Categories
7494:Dude ranch
7353:Health and
7219:Fruit Belt
7040:Tennessee
6782:Minnesota
6700:Louisiana
6493:California
6300:Industries
6263:Sheep wars
5947:Corn sauce
5825:Spoonbread
5780:Johnnycake
5339:Production
5314:BBCH-scale
5269:Processing
5213:By origin
5125:Amylomaize
5069:Wiktionary
5026:Ruth Stout
4863:Components
4807:Techniques
4414:Marshelder
4299:Oak Forest
4269:Hoxie Farm
4083:Pocahontas
3976:Plaquemine
3913:Letchworth
3845:Town Creek
3780:Park Mound
3745:Moundville
3730:Mandeville
3720:Long Swamp
3680:Jere Shine
3532:Quigualtam
3480:Chucalissa
3367:Backusburg
3360:Cumberland
3349:Yankeetown
3334:Slack Farm
3309:Ellerbusch
3213:Adams site
3120:Cloverdale
2893:Metallurgy
2853:Eden point
2750:Buhl Woman
2622:Rock Eagle
2612:River Styx
2537:Mummy Cave
2532:Moundville
2512:Mesa Verde
2497:Marksville
2244:Tchefuncte
2204:Plaquemine
2140:Las Palmas
2056:Calf Creek
2051:Cades Pond
1655:Cited in:
1173:(4): 470.
1082:Cited in:
1077:1086141375
949:January 8,
691:References
563:sunflowers
549:, but his
441:Rio Grande
277:activity.
271:faba beans
238:edited by
164:wild beans
162:), beans (
7577:Fur trade
7479:Corn maze
7448:H-2A visa
7309:Farm bill
7224:Rice Belt
7209:Corn Belt
7192:By region
7126:Wisconsin
7075:Virginia
6951:Oklahoma
6832:Nebraska
6802:Missouri
6762:Michigan
6639:Illinois
6553:Delaware
6477:Arkansas
6258:Range war
6083:Pinolillo
6078:Mazamorra
6063:Corn beer
6016:Beverages
6007:Succotash
5982:Maja maíz
5891:Hushpuppy
5861:Corn chip
5758:Cornbread
5707:Nacatamal
5576:Corn stew
5571:Corn soup
5352:Corn crib
5324:Corn smut
5306:Pathology
5202:Varieties
5118:Varieties
4880:Leaf mold
4875:Folkewall
4854:Waru Waru
4543:Muskogean
4516:Languages
4429:Sunflower
4289:Mero site
4224:Blood Run
3878:Apalachee
3825:Summerour
3765:Nacoochee
3522:Owl Creek
3417:Riverview
3407:Link Farm
3299:Bone Bank
3253:Turk Site
3248:Towosahgy
3113:Woodhenge
2938:Stickball
2627:Rock Hawk
2457:Key Marco
2249:Troyville
2229:St. Johns
2214:Red Ocher
1973:Formative
1592:153665089
1584:0889-048X
1522:0036-8075
1485:0261-0523
1442:1555-4937
1399:164003793
1383:2325-5064
1348:0002-7294
1295:1932-6203
1254:163713333
1238:0032-0447
1187:1533-8290
1144:2162-4496
1130:(1): 54.
887:2159-8126
796:0066-4286
740:0022-216X
579:sunchokes
551:evil twin
539:twin sons
535:Sky Woman
516:sedentary
443:known as
373:vitamin A
141:Old World
7557:Iroquois
7272:politics
7166:cannabis
7156:cannabis
7142:Wyoming
7104:cannabis
7094:Cannabis
7079:cannabis
7064:cannabis
7060:Vermont
7009:cannabis
6994:Cannabis
6970:cannabis
6903:cannabis
6888:cannabis
6883:New York
6871:cannabis
6846:cannabis
6821:cannabis
6817:Montana
6806:cannabis
6771:cherries
6766:cannabis
6751:cannabis
6736:cannabis
6731:Maryland
6719:cannabis
6689:Kentucky
6643:cannabis
6590:Georgia
6557:cannabis
6542:cannabis
6530:cannabis
6520:Colorado
6503:cannabis
6471:cannabis
6462:Arizona
6451:cannabis
6322:Cannabis
6280:Colonial
6214:Virginia
6103:Tesgüino
6068:Corn tea
5917:Alivenci
5901:Sorullos
5876:Corn nut
5866:Corn dog
5717:Pasteles
5646:Sagamite
5616:Mămăligă
5551:Cocoloși
5459:Cornmeal
5370:Tanzania
5049:Category
4900:Tree bog
4766:Sciences
4650:Red Horn
4618:Chanunpa
4596:Northern
4584:Religion
4565:Timucuan
4533:Cherokee
4319:Schwerdt
4279:Juntunen
4254:Griesmer
4197:cultures
4150:Bluffton
4036:Jaketown
4001:Fitzhugh
3855:Wilbanks
3835:Tomotley
3810:Savannah
3775:Ocmulgee
3755:Mulberry
3690:Joe Bell
3610:Biltmore
3605:Bessemer
3470:Campbell
3432:Old Town
3238:Orr-Herl
3175:Orendorf
3170:Mitchell
3103:Mound 72
3098:Mound 34
3083:Big Eddy
2826:Chanunpa
2811:Ballgame
2790:Vero man
2740:Anzick-1
2712:Windover
2672:SunWatch
2602:Rassawek
2422:Glenwood
2312:Brewster
2164:Mogollon
2135:La Jolla
2121:Hopewell
2081:Deptford
1994:cultures
1788:17291438
1313:32267852
1273:PLOS ONE
1246:25670789
1203:22180940
1152:85696505
896:26423653
711:April 5,
627:See also
621:ideology
531:creation
469:cornmeal
461:Muscogee
393:New York
354:calories
324:region.
225:raccoons
182:drainage
160:Zea mays
7270:Law and
6961:Oregon
6842:Nevada
6678:Kansas
6655:Indiana
6569:Florida
6508:walnuts
6498:almonds
6429:Alabama
6394:Tobacco
6379:Spinach
6369:Poultry
6270:Slavery
6157:History
6098:Tejuino
6002:Popcorn
5927:Conkies
5922:Binatog
5881:Cornick
5748:Cachapa
5712:Pamonha
5697:Hallaca
5692:Guanime
5670:Tamales
5636:Polenta
5631:Pashofa
5611:Kačamak
5581:Cou-cou
5396:Culture
5347:Biofuel
5222:Ecuador
5217:Bolivia
5192:Shoepeg
5175:MON 863
5170:MON 810
5059:Commons
4625:Chunkey
4570:Tunican
4548:Natchez
4523:Caddoan
4497:Pottery
4448:Artwork
4439:Tobacco
4419:Pumpkin
4380:Culture
4234:Fifield
4165:Gahagan
4140:Belcher
4125:Caddoan
4108:Venable
4071:Natchez
4056:Mazique
4011:Fosters
4006:Flowery
3996:Emerald
3873:Anhaica
3830:Taskigi
3795:Rembert
3770:Nikwasi
3735:McMahan
3710:Liddell
3585:Adamson
3495:Janet's
3485:Denmark
3460:Boone's
3422:Sellars
3329:Prather
3088:Cahokia
3078:Aztalan
2975:Related
2833:Chunkey
2733:remains
2722:Wupatki
2562:Paquime
2452:Huápoca
2317:Cahokia
2287:Bastian
2194:Patayan
2116:Hohokam
2101:Fremont
2076:Comondú
2031:Baytown
2026:Avonlea
2006:Alachua
1978:Classic
1968:Archaic
1956:Periods
1740:YouTube
1501:Science
1465:Bibcode
1391:2694148
1304:7141618
571:tobacco
555:killing
543:Sapling
508:In the
445:Cahokia
413:Ontario
369:pumpkin
365:protein
320:in the
205:trellis
178:hilling
168:vetches
93:trellis
89:hilling
53:Spanish
7489:Cowboy
7172:Texas
6999:Coffee
6710:Maine
6606:coffee
6601:Hawaii
6579:tomato
6441:Alaska
6349:Cotton
6334:Cherry
6307:Banana
6093:Tejate
6043:Chicha
5997:Pinole
5972:Kuymak
5967:Kenkey
5957:Hominy
5835:Totopo
5810:Sloosh
5805:Pupusa
5702:Humita
5687:Binaki
5682:Tamale
5641:Pozole
5484:Starch
5435:(film)
5260:Stover
5255:Kernel
5182:Purple
4560:Siouan
4553:Taensa
4424:Squash
4347:Clover
4206:Oneota
4180:Keller
4170:Hughes
4135:Battle
4076:Taensa
4061:Medora
4051:Mangum
4046:Julice
4041:Jordan
3888:Cayson
3820:Sixtoe
3815:Shiloh
3725:Mabila
3660:Etowah
3640:Citico
3630:Chiaha
3625:Chauga
3542:Tunica
3527:Parkin
3510:Nodena
3505:Murphy
3475:Carson
3324:Murphy
3180:Sleeth
3165:McCune
3155:Larson
3058:Middle
2392:Folsom
2357:Cutler
2292:Benson
2179:Oneota
2111:Glades
2086:Folsom
2066:Clovis
1963:Lithic
1864:
1845:
1826:
1786:
1761:
1646:
1618:
1590:
1582:
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1483:
1440:
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1311:
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918:
893:
885:
825:
794:
748:156945
746:
738:
545:, was
387:Yields
363:. The
290:milpas
263:et al.
259:et al.
255:et al.
215:. The
190:tilled
149:barley
65:squash
39:, and
7562:Maize
7484:Ranch
7472:Other
7425:Labor
7398:Crime
7152:Guam
7131:dairy
7050:Utah
6941:Ohio
6908:chile
6628:Idaho
6611:sugar
6584:mango
6406:Wheat
6384:Sugar
6359:Dairy
6354:Cider
6088:Pozol
6033:Cauim
6023:Atole
5952:Gofio
5840:Wotou
5800:Proja
5738:Bollo
5733:Arepa
5677:Acaçá
5661:Xarém
5656:Ugali
5601:Grits
5536:Banku
5494:Syrup
5243:Parts
5227:Italy
5197:Sweet
5155:Flour
5150:Flint
5145:Field
4885:Mulch
4575:Yuchi
4409:Maize
4394:Beans
4352:Dodge
4304:Palos
4274:Huber
4214:Anker
4185:Spiro
4155:Caddo
4088:Routh
4021:Glass
4016:Ghost
3918:Velda
3840:Toqua
3700:Lamar
3685:Joara
3675:Irene
3645:Coosa
3635:Chota
3615:Blair
3590:Avery
3552:Yazoo
3547:Koroa
3490:Eaker
3427:Obion
3185:Starr
2923:Piasa
2731:Human
2362:Eaker
2265:sites
2199:Plano
2001:Adena
1588:S2CID
1395:S2CID
1387:JSTOR
1250:S2CID
1242:JSTOR
1191:JSTOR
1148:S2CID
891:JSTOR
744:JSTOR
409:Huron
350:maize
346:tilth
251:]
213:weeds
145:wheat
101:weeds
73:beans
69:maize
33:Maize
7181:wine
7176:rice
7146:wine
7136:wine
7119:wine
7109:wine
7084:wine
7069:wine
7054:wine
7044:wine
7034:wine
7024:wine
7014:wine
6982:wine
6965:wine
6955:wine
6945:wine
6935:wine
6925:wine
6913:wine
6893:wine
6876:wine
6861:wine
6851:wine
6836:wine
6826:wine
6811:wine
6796:wine
6786:wine
6776:wine
6756:wine
6741:wine
6724:wine
6694:wine
6682:wine
6672:wine
6667:Iowa
6660:wine
6648:wine
6633:wine
6616:wine
6594:wine
6574:wine
6562:wine
6547:wine
6525:wine
6513:wine
6486:wine
6481:rice
6466:wine
6456:wine
6434:wine
6411:Wine
6374:Rice
6344:Corn
6327:Hemp
6253:Wine
5992:Mote
5830:Talo
5815:Sope
5795:Piki
5743:Broa
5626:Mush
5591:Fufu
5546:Bulz
5479:Samp
5464:Masa
5232:Peru
5209:Waxy
5165:List
5140:Dent
5135:Blue
5130:Baby
4098:Sims
4066:Mott
3986:Anna
3695:King
3655:Dyar
3465:Boyd
3339:Tolu
2883:Kiva
1862:ISBN
1843:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1784:OCLC
1759:ISBN
1644:ISBN
1616:ISBN
1580:ISSN
1518:ISSN
1481:ISSN
1438:ISSN
1379:ISSN
1344:ISSN
1309:PMID
1291:ISSN
1234:ISSN
1199:PMID
1183:ISSN
1140:ISSN
1103:ISBN
1073:OCLC
1054:2022
1026:ISBN
1001:ISBN
978:3917
974:OCLC
951:2021
916:ISBN
883:ISSN
823:ISBN
792:ISSN
736:ISSN
713:2023
619:and
557:her
527:grew
459:and
306:Tewa
223:and
221:deer
166:and
147:and
47:The
6389:Tea
6364:Hop
6312:Bee
5474:Oil
5432:Zea
5250:Cob
3923:Yon
2387:Eva
1572:doi
1510:doi
1506:276
1473:doi
1461:275
1371:doi
1336:doi
1299:PMC
1281:doi
1226:doi
1175:doi
1132:doi
873:doi
784:doi
577:or
292:of
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