927:
621:
391:
in the C-text where it is prophesied that "Dawe the dyker" will die of starvation because of the corruption of landlords and clergy. ("Dawe", written or printed as "Davve", could be read as "Davy" or "Davie".) This is the concluding event in a list of disasters caused by corrupt elites, a part of
271:
A Warning to the Wyse, a Feare to the Fond, a Bridle to the Lewde, and a Glasse to the Good; written of the late
Earthquake chanced in London and other places, 6 April 1580, for the Glory of God and benefit of men, that warely can walk, and wisely judge. Set forth in verse and prose, by Thomas
230:. Falling into the hands of the Spaniards he was recognized as having had a hand in the Antwerp disturbance, and was under sentence to be executed as a spy when he was saved by the intervention of a noble lady. This experience did not deter him from joining in the defence of
143:, who had been sent to pacify the country. Here Churchyard enriched himself, at the expense of the Irish; but in 1552 he was in England again, trying vainly to secure a fortune by marriage with a rich widow. After this failure he departed once more to the wars to the
396:
that was appreciated by some
English Protestants in the mid-sixteenth century. (Notably, the Davy Digger lines were copied into a manuscript of political prophecies compiled around 1553–1554.) Churchyard turns Davy into a Piers-like truth-teller and
372:—a staged, collaborative battle of the wits that was also, in this case, an occasion for the public discussion of moral issues, education, religion, and politics. It was also a means of commercial self-promotion on the part of writers and printers.
213:, he allowed the insurgents to place him at their head, and was able to save much property from destruction. This action made him so hated by the mob that he had to fly for his life in the disguise of a priest. In the next year he was sent by the
355:
Carried out in broadside ballads, the
Churchyard-Camel debate was concerned with the relative merit of the plain style in native English literary tradition and the proper literary use of the English language itself. In a verse dedication to
166:
for lack of money to pay his ransom, but he was finally set free on giving his bond for the amount, an engagement which he repudiated as soon as he was safely in
England. He is not to be identified with the "T.C." who wrote for the
509:, are chiefly autobiographical in character or deal with the wars in which he had a share. They are very rare and have never been completely reprinted. Churchyard lived right through Elizabeth's reign, and was buried in
544:
A Prayse, and
Reporte of Maister MartyneFrobishers Voyage to Meta Incognita (A Name Given by a Mightie and most Great Personage) in Which Praise and Report is Written Divers Discourses Never Published by any Man as
192:
for assistance produced at first fair words, and then no answer at all. He therefore returned to active service under Lord Grey, who was in command of an
English army sent in 1560 to help the Scottish rebels at the
217:
to serve definitely under the prince of Orange. After a year's service he obtained leave to return to
England, and after many adventures and narrow escapes in a journey through hostile territory he embarked for
368:. Churchyard mocked Camel's classical, Latinate sophistication, and Camel attacked Churchyard's churlish words and "uncouth speeche". This public controversy resembled the old medieval practice of
269:
On Good Friday, 8 April 1580, Churchyard (then aged nearly 60) published a short account of the earthquake which had struck London and much of
England only two days earlier. The pamphlet,
67:
in c. 1529, the son of a farmer. He received a good education, and, having speedily dissipated at court the money with which his father provided him, he entered the household of
313:
31:(c. 1523 – 1604) was an English author and soldier. He is chiefly remembered for a series of autobiographical or semi-autobiographical verse collections, including
942:
97:
In 1541 Churchyard began his career as a soldier of fortune, being, he said, "pressed into the service". He fought his way through nearly every campaign in
770:
317:
494:, 1598) mentions him in conjunction with many great names among "the most passionate, among us, to bewail and bemoan the perplexities of love".
177:; but "Shore's Wife", his most popular poem, appeared in the 1563 edition of the same work, and to that of 1587 he contributed the "Tragedie of
71:. There he remained for twenty years, learning something of the art of poetry from his patron; some of the poems he contributed later (1555) to
309:
1025:
947:
266:, where he remained for three years. He was only restored to favour about 1584, and in 1593 he received a small pension from the Queen.
258:, the modest title which he gives to his works. No second part appeared, but there was a much enlarged edition in 1578. A passage in
140:
148:
736:
published (1817) a selection from his works relating to
Scotland, for which he wrote a useful life. See also an edition of the
845:
349:
162:
Churchyard arranged the terms of surrender, and was sent with his chief to Paris as a prisoner. He was not released at the
990:
980:
214:
728:
The chief contemporary authority for
Churchyard's biography is his own "Tragicall Discourse of the unhappy man's life" (
985:
864:
502:'s Come Home Again", calls him with a spice of raillery "old Palaemon" who "sung so long until quite hoarse he grew".
1010:
915:
887:
234:
in 1572, but this was his last campaign, and the troubles of the remaining years of his life were chiefly domestic.
222:, and thence for England. His patron, Lord Oxford, disowned him, and the poet, whose health was failing, retired to
1000:
173:(ed. 1559), "How the Lord Mowbray ... was banished ... and after died miserablie in exile", which is the work of
975:
510:
478:
The affectionate esteem with which Churchyard was regarded by the younger Elizabethan writers is expressed by
312:
whom Churchyard then "openly confuted". Their argument came to involve not only Churchyard and Camel but also
733:
275:
106:
1005:
68:
543:
163:
1020:
486:) that Churchyard's aged muse might well be "grandmother to our grandiloquentest poets at this present".
174:
20:
364:(1568), Churchyard defended the native tradition, grounding it in "Peers plowman . . . full plaine" and
995:
136:
376:
345:
321:
1015:
855:
Oakley-Brown, Liz (2012). "Thomas Churchyard". In Sullivan, Garrett A. Jr; Stewart, Alan (eds.).
634:
132:, where he was once more besieged, only returning to England on the conclusion of peace in 1550.
121:
383:, Davy Dycar (i.e., Davy the ditcher or digger) is a character drawn from a line at the end of
169:
156:
81:
710:
965:
795:
Oakley-Brown, Liz (2008). "Taxonomies of travel and martial identity in Thomas Churchyard's
970:
144:
8:
210:
758:
820:
741:
911:
883:
860:
841:
824:
226:. He appears to have made a very unhappy marriage at this time, and returned to the
110:
812:
775:
526:
365:
291:
198:
72:
787:
584:
514:
151:, with whom he says he served eight years. Grey was in charge of the fortress of
517:'s ladies in waiting and carried away in a faint a fortnight before his death.
495:
194:
147:, and "trailed a pike" in the emperor's army, until he joined the forces under
76:
779:
959:
938:
933:
832:
Oakley-Brown, Liz (2011). "Elizabethan exile after Ovid: Thomas Churchyard's
816:
626:
487:
402:
336:
227:
223:
178:
125:
102:
951:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 348–349.
606:
A True Discourse Historicall, of the succeeding Governors in the Netherlands
479:
331:
128:, but aided by his persuasive tongue he escaped to the English garrison at
750:
Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society
499:
327:
The Contention bettwyxte Churchyeard and Camell, upon David Dycers Dreame
202:
189:
874:
Oakley-Brown, Liz (2012). "Writing on Borderlines: Thomas Churchyard's
243:
64:
899:
The Seventeenth Earl of Oxford, 1550–1604: from contemporary documents
583:(1587), a valuable antiquarian work in prose and verse, anticipating
357:
685:
Hakluyt's Promise: An Elizabethan's Obsession for an English America
152:
535:
513:, on 4 April 1604. It was said he was taken ill in the presence of
263:
219:
117:
98:
932:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
748:(Spenser Soc., 1876), and a notice of Churchyard by H. W. Adnitt (
324:. All their various contributions were collected and reprinted in
430:
Your strife shall stynt I undertake, your dredfull dayes ar done.
418:
And Rex doth raigne and rule the rost, and weedes out wicked men:
398:
369:
251:
247:
231:
206:
620:
464:
458:
452:
446:
428:
422:
416:
410:
325:
454:
The plowman stoute, of whom I thynke ye have often harde. . . .
294:
182:
129:
534:
A lamentable and pitifull Description of the wofull warres in
525:
The extant works of Churchyard, exclusive of commendatory and
181:". These are plain compositions in the seven-lined Chaucerian
579:
505:
His writings, with the exception of his contributions to the
712:
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A (General)
448:
This Diker sems a thryving ladde, brought up in pieres scole
768:
Lyne, Raphael (2006) . "Churchyard, Thomas (1523?–1604)".
574:, an immediate account of England's 1580 earthquake (1580)
552:
A general rehearsall of warres, called Churchyard's Choise
262:(1579) gave offence to Elizabeth, and the author fled to
120:
campaign of 1547 he was present at the barren victory of
466:
And such a lyke I wiene, doth pierce the ploughman tell.
424:
Then baleful barnes be blyth that here in England wonne,
412:
When truth doth tread the strets and liers lurke in den,
715:. London: Royal Statistical Society. 1878. p. 501.
558:, and containing, like it, a number of detached pieces
840:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 103–118.
616:
109:
in Flanders in 1542, returning to England after the
880:Writing Wales, from the Renaissance to Romanticism
857:The Encyclopedia of English Renaissance Literature
308:–1552), which he says was written against by one
135:In the same year he went to Ireland to serve the
957:
878:". In Mottram, Stewart; Prescott, Sarah (eds.).
460:And for your lesson, lo by Christ I lyke it well
441:, calling explicit attention to Davy's roots:
437:William Waterman added to the debate with his
105:for thirty years. He served under the emperor
124:, and in the next year was taken prisoner at
873:
854:
831:
794:
774:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
281:
756:
344:brought Churchyard into trouble with the
256:The Firste parte of Churchyarde's Chippes
197:, and in 1564 he served in Ireland under
89:), may well date from this early period.
937:
905:
836:(1572)". In Ingleheart, Jennifer (ed.).
687:(Yale University Press: 2007) pp. 64–67.
19:For the nineteenth-century painter, see
771:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
698:Letters of Philip Gawdy of West Harling
596:A Musicall Consort of Heavenly harmonic
149:William Grey, 13th Baron Grey de Wilton
16:16th century English author and soldier
958:
908:Thomas Churchyard: pen, sword, and ego
901:. London: John Murray. pp. 29–30.
882:. Aldershot: Ashgate. pp. 39–57.
760:Churchyard's Chips concerning Scotland
668:Thomas Churchyard: Pen, Sword, and Ego
655:Thomas Churchyard: Pen, Sword, and Ego
274:provides the earliest accounts of the
362:Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes
896:
767:
562:A light Bondel of livelie Discourses
350:Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset
242:Churchyard was employed to devise a
201:. The religious disturbances in the
910:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
683:is dealt with in Peter C. Mancall,
554:(1579), really a completion of the
13:
1026:Military personnel from Shrewsbury
254:in 1578. He had published in 1575
14:
1037:
925:
619:
352:and dismissed with a reprimand.
290:(1593) the author refers to his
859:. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell.
797:A Generall Rehearsall of Warres
330:in 1560. A short and seemingly
838:Two Thousand Years of Solitude
752:, reprinted separately 1884).
703:
690:
673:
670:(Oxford, 2016), pp. 20, 39-40.
660:
647:
63:Thomas Churchyard was born at
1:
640:
473:
387:in the B-text and the end of
302:
276:1580 Dover Straits earthquake
246:for the Queen's reception at
237:
58:
788:UK public library membership
155:, which was besieged by the
69:Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
7:
757:Churchyard, Thomas (1817).
612:
511:St. Margaret's, Westminster
21:Thomas Churchyard (painter)
10:
1042:
991:16th-century English poets
981:17th-century English poets
906:Woodcock, Matthew (2016).
723:
348:, but he was supported by
188:Repeated petitions to the
18:
986:17th-century male writers
897:Ward, Bernard M. (1928).
805:Studies in Travel Writing
282:Dispute with Thomas Camel
209:, where, as the agent of
164:Peace of Cateau Cambrésis
92:
1011:17th-century Protestants
817:10.3197/136451408X273844
520:
1001:Writers from Shrewsbury
948:Encyclopædia Britannica
635:Piers Plowman Tradition
465:
459:
453:
447:
429:
423:
417:
411:
379:'s 1550 publication of
326:
876:The Worthines of Wales
700:(London, 1906), 144-5.
590:Churchyard's Challenge
507:Mirror for Magistrates
484:Foure Letters Confuted
471:
435:
334:poem in the manner of
250:in 1574, and again at
170:Mirror for Magistrates
137:lord deputy of Ireland
49:Churchyard's Challenge
45:The Worthines of Wales
976:English army officers
780:10.1093/ref:odnb/5407
681:A Warning to the Wyse
657:(Oxford, 2016), p. 2.
572:A Warning to the Wyse
443:
407:
288:Churchyards Challenge
272:Churchyard, gentleman
85:(known more often as
763:. London: Constable.
730:Churchyardes Chippes
600:Churchyards Charitie
405:kingdom of justice:
375:Perhaps inspired by
260:Churchyarde's Choise
145:Siege of Metz (1552)
141:Sir Anthony St Leger
53:Churchyards Charitie
33:Churchyardes Chippes
1006:English Renaissance
566:Churchyardes Charge
299:Davie Dicars dreame
87:Tottel's Miscellany
82:Songes and Sonettes
41:Churchyardes Charge
37:Churchyard's Choise
1021:English male poets
943:Churchyard, Thomas
801:A Pirates Tragedie
746:Worthines of Wales
666:Matthew Woodcock,
653:Matthew Woodcock,
996:English essayists
847:978-0-19-161913-7
786:(Subscription or
578:The Worthines of
527:occasional verses
318:Geoffrey Chappell
211:William of Orange
205:attracted him to
29:Thomas Churchyard
1033:
952:
931:
929:
928:
921:
902:
893:
870:
851:
828:
791:
783:
764:
744:, 1870), of the
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658:
651:
629:
624:
623:
468:
462:
456:
450:
432:
426:
420:
414:
329:
314:William Waterman
307:
304:
199:Sir Henry Sidney
73:Nicholas Grimald
1041:
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1036:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1030:
956:
955:
941:, ed. (1911). "
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867:
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734:George Chalmers
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515:Anne of Denmark
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305:
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175:Thomas Chaloner
95:
79:'s collection,
61:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1029:
1028:
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1018:
1016:Male essayists
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1008:
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998:
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988:
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978:
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939:Chisholm, Hugh
922:
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888:
871:
866:978-1405194495
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696:I. H. Jeayes,
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492:Palladis Tamia
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408:
377:Robert Crowley
283:
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239:
236:
215:earl of Oxford
195:Siege of Leith
111:Peace of Crépy
94:
91:
77:Richard Tottel
60:
57:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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935:
934:public domain
923:
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917:9780199684304
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889:9781409445098
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731:
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686:
682:
679:Churchyard's
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636:
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632:
628:
627:Poetry portal
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497:
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488:Francis Meres
485:
481:
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442:
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439:Westerne Wyll
433:
431:
425:
419:
413:
406:
404:
400:
395:
394:Piers Plowman
390:
386:
382:
381:Piers Plowman
378:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
353:
351:
347:
346:privy council
343:
339:
338:
337:Piers Plowman
333:
328:
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322:Richard Beard
319:
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228:Low Countries
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179:Thomas Wolsey
176:
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157:duke of Guise
154:
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133:
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127:
126:Saint Monance
123:
119:
114:
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108:
104:
103:Low Countries
100:
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88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
70:
66:
56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
966:1520s births
946:
907:
898:
879:
875:
856:
837:
833:
811:(1): 67–84.
808:
804:
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796:
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759:
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705:
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571:
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561:
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551:
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524:
506:
504:
491:
483:
482:, who says (
480:Thomas Nashe
477:
445:
438:
436:
409:
393:
388:
384:
380:
374:
361:
354:
341:
335:
332:alliterative
310:Thomas Camel
298:
287:
285:
270:
268:
259:
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241:
187:
168:
161:
134:
115:
96:
86:
80:
62:
52:
51:(1593); and
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
27:
25:
971:1604 deaths
529:, include:
500:Colin Clout
342:Davie Dicar
306: 1551
203:Netherlands
960:Categories
790:required.)
742:JP Collier
641:References
474:Reputation
403:millennial
238:Later life
65:Shrewsbury
59:Early life
825:162298056
803:(1579)".
598:, called
564:, called
358:John Stow
292:broadside
159:in 1558.
107:Charles V
613:See also
536:Flanders
389:Passus 9
385:Passus 6
264:Scotland
220:Guernsey
118:Scottish
113:(1544).
101:and the
99:Scotland
55:(1595).
47:(1587);
43:(1580);
39:(1579);
35:(1575);
936::
834:Tristia
738:Chippes
724:Sources
556:Chippes
496:Spenser
399:prophet
370:flyting
366:Chaucer
252:Norwich
248:Bristol
244:pageant
232:Zutphen
207:Antwerp
116:In the
75:'s and
930:
914:
886:
863:
844:
823:
784:
608:(1602)
602:(1595)
592:(1593)
568:(1580)
548:(1578)
539:(1578)
498:, in "
320:, and
295:ballad
183:stanza
153:Guînes
130:Lauder
122:Pinkie
93:Career
821:S2CID
740:(ed.
580:Wales
521:Works
401:of a
190:Queen
912:ISBN
884:ISBN
861:ISBN
842:ISBN
799:and
224:Bath
945:".
813:doi
776:doi
732:).
545:Yet
360:'s
286:In
962::
819:.
809:12
807:.
340:,
316:,
303:c.
297:,
278:.
185:.
139:,
920:.
892:.
869:.
850:.
827:.
815::
782:.
778::
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