33:
662:"a suitable and proper object of God's special care and love. For as prayer is an address or application of a dependent being to his supreme governour, and original benefactor.... It naturally draws forth our souls in filial fear, in hope and trust, in love, delight, and joy in God; and creates in us a just concern to please him, and to approve ourselves in his sight; and consequently to put on that purity and piety, humility and charity which is the spirit and practice of true Christianity."
2484:
2474:
975:
946:
787:
670:
Chubb thought we probably should not pray to angels. He said even though they were "ministering spirits", we could not be sure they heard our prayers, and they might not be at liberty to help us without God's direct guidance. He spent a final ten pages wondering whether we should pray to Jesus or just to God the Father, concluding we should pray to God the Father "in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ".
674:
prayed for, but then God acted "in displeasure". In another tract, he was more pessimistic about God's positive response rate to our prayers. He cited evidence that God did not often answer our prayers: over the previous 200 years, millions of sincere, fervent prayers had petitioned God for the defeat of the
224:, arguing that the resurrection of Christ was no proof of his divine mission and criticising the story of Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac. The whole argument showed increasing scepticism, and the assertion about Abraham led to some controversy. He returned to the question in 1735, in some "Observations" on
669:
He also discussed whom we should pray to. First he said we should not pray to dead human souls, as we have no reason to think they hear our prayers or have any power to help us. Then he discussed whether we should pray to angels. Unlike Morgan – who thought we should pray to both God and angels –
673:
Chubb was sure that God heard all our petitions, but he did not think God answered them all in the way we wished. God answered only if they were for lawful things and people prayed earnestly "with a modest resignation to God's will". Chubb thought that God sometimes gave us harmful things we had
657:
Joseph
Waligore states in a 2012 article, "The Piety of the English Deists", that Chubb discussed prayer more than any other deist. Chubb's longest writing on the subject was a 30-page pamphlet, "An Enquiry Concerning Prayer", where he began by insisting that prayer was a duty God required for
103:. He saw Christ as a divine teacher, but held reason to be sovereign over religion. He questioned the morality of religions, while defending Christianity on rational grounds. Despite little schooling, Chubb was well up on the religious controversies. His
190:, went through four editions, three in 1725. His tracts were collected in a quarto volume in 1730 and attracted wide notice. (A second, two-volume edition in 1754 included 35 tracts.) Chubb was encouraged to write further tracts. A disciple of
251:. He persisted in stating that true Christianity consisted of a belief that morality alone could make men acceptable to God, that repentance for sin would secure God's mercy, and that there would be future retribution. His
151:. He picked up a fair knowledge of mathematics and geography, but theology was his favourite study. His habit of committing his thoughts to writing gave him a clear and fluent style.
32:
1013:
956:
666:
Chubb said we should pray often and "it is when we forget God, when God is not in all our thoughts, that we do amiss; then our minds and lives are corrupted and defiled."
845:
718:
440:
240:
1400:
1048:
802:
379:
467:
166:. However, he was drawn back to Salisbury, where by the kindness of friends he was enabled to devote the rest of his days to his studies.
807:
750:
2447:
2458:
644:
472:
988:
1441:
1041:
568:
1333:
1316:
203:
Discourse concerning Reason ... reason is, or else that it ought to be, a sufficient guide in matters of
Religion
259:. Chubb argues against interpreting literally the command to give all to the poor, noting that Stebbing himself was a
232:, Rundle having been accused of disbelieving the story. Three tracts were added that continued the former discussion.
1860:
588:
563:
965:
2487:
2145:
2058:
1034:
573:
1257:
678:, but the Roman Catholic hierarchy or other interests ostensibly bent on defeating God's kingdom still existed.
2528:
186:, which Whiston pronounced worthy of publication, and it was printed in 1715. Another of his published tracts,
725:
2437:
2270:
2063:
1922:
1773:
249:
An
Enquiry into the Ground and Foundation of Religion, wherein it is shown that Religion is founded on Nature
116:
2412:
535:
2523:
1824:
1781:
1311:
1301:
984:
637:
217:
arguing that to celebrate
Charles I's martyrdom was inconsistent with celebrating William III's arrival.
993:
1786:
1451:
1416:
1212:
558:
608:
593:
341:
2005:
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553:
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603:
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675:
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1967:
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1446:
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616:
487:
143:. The death of his father in 1688 cut short his education, and in 1694 he was apprenticed to a
767:
2452:
2407:
2345:
2335:
1674:
1538:
1383:
1373:
1358:
1306:
408:
229:
792:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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2000:
1879:
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1471:
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205:. Some "reflections" upon "moral and positive duty" were added, as suggested by Clarke's
163:
38:
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achieving a closer relationship with him. The purpose of prayer was to render someone
331:
263:
with two livings, a preachership and an archdeaconry, and due to be chancellor of the
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2010:
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1937:
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294:(1746), attacking some Old Testament passages with a freedom that gave wide offence.
283:
182:'s argument in favour of the supremacy of the one God and Father, he wrote an essay,
175:
1980:
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2255:
2138:
2118:
2030:
1985:
1196:
979:
950:
798:
793:
356:
225:
191:
159:
286:. "The Ground and Foundation of Morality considered" (1745) is an attack on
2275:
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2228:
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2208:
2100:
1947:
1844:
1508:
1232:
1181:
919:, 2nd ed., 2 vols. (London: 1754), 1:277-289, as cited in Waligore, p. 191.
502:
324:
92:
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351:
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2020:
1942:
1927:
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1649:
1607:
1602:
1533:
1171:
811:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 322.
290:'s theory of self-love. The last work that Chubb published himself was
275:
267:, so that he could hardly interpret the command literally to himself.
2365:
2090:
1912:
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52:
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1119:
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978: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
949: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
482:
389:
260:
195:
70:
974:
1681:
1592:
1513:
1503:
1146:
1099:
876:
Waligore, Joseph (July 2012). "The Piety of the
English Deists".
132:
969:. Vol. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 297–298.
1751:
1644:
1523:
220:
In 1734 came four tracts of his attacking the common theory of
155:
148:
107:
sets out to distinguish the teaching of Jesus from that of the
274:
states that they could at most afford a "probable proof" of a
1528:
1081:
305:
144:
96:
80:
1109:
319:
147:
in
Salisbury, but subsequently entered the employment of a
111:. Chubb's views on free will and determinism, expressed in
91:(29 September 1679 – 8 February 1747) was a
1191:
932:(London, 1739), pp. 68–70, as cited in Waligore, p. 191.
213:
was appended to an "enquiry" against a recent sermon by
1023:
s," Intellectual
History Review, July 2012, Vol. 22, 2.
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
239:, which provoked various attacks, including one from
174:
Chubb made his first appearance as an author in the
911:
909:
907:
815:
253:Enquiry into the Ground and Foundation of Religion
915:Thomas Chubb, "An Enquiry Concerning Prayer", in
2500:
904:
564:Edward Stillingfleet § Philosophical controversy
699:
282:is a defence of himself against some sneers by
211:The Sufficiency of Reason further considered...
1042:
638:
468:Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury
188:The Previous Question with Regard to Religion
154:Chubb spent some years living and working in
849:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1056:
1049:
1035:
1010:A Collection of Tracts on Various Subjects
930:The True Gospel of Jesus Christ Vindicated
917:A Collection of Tracts on Various Subjects
645:
631:
113:A Collection of Tracts on Various Subjects
31:
2448:Relationship between religion and science
105:The True Gospel of Jesus Christ, Asserted
875:
843:Levin, Adam Jacob. "Hewlett, Ebenezer".
797:
780:
778:
776:
237:The True Gospel of Jesus Christ asserted
997:. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
954:
846:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
830:
473:Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke
115:(1730), were extensively criticised by
2501:
1374:Proper basis and Reformed epistemology
749:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1030:
773:
342:Chinese theology § Confucian theology
983:
705:
594:Richard Blackmore § Non-epic writing
184:The Supremacy of the Father Asserted
255:(1740) includes a controversy with
245:The True Gospel of Jesus vindicated
13:
297:
14:
2540:
1002:
842:
589:Religious thought of Edmund Burke
2483:
2482:
2472:
973:
966:Dictionary of National Biography
944:
785:
332:Logos § Ancient Greek philosophy
178:. A dispute having arisen about
16:English Deist writer (1679–1747)
380:18th-century England and France
1021:The Piety of the English Deist
922:
869:
836:
765:The Works of Jonathan Edwards,
757:
711:
443:US § Disinterested benevolence
1:
693:
280:Enquiry concerning Redemption
37:Portrait of Thomas Chubb, by
2413:Desacralization of knowledge
890:10.1080/17496977.2012.693742
863:UK public library membership
536:Moralistic therapeutic deism
7:
1825:Best of all possible worlds
1782:Eschatological verification
1339:Fine-tuning of the universe
878:Intellectual History Review
681:
207:Exposition of the Catechism
10:
2545:
938:
194:, he gradually moved from
2468:
2400:
2304:
2189:
2109:
2044:
1966:
1873:
1858:
1810:
1772:
1484:
1409:
1284:
1275:
1205:
1142:
1133:
1064:
955:Stephen, Leslie (1887). "
421:Cult of the Supreme Being
76:
66:
58:
45:
30:
23:
2054:Friedrich Schleiermacher
1640:Theories about religions
1442:Inconsistent revelations
994:The Nuttall Encyclopædia
441:Congregationalism in the
235:In 1738 Chubb published
169:
808:Encyclopædia Britannica
201:In 1731 he published a
198:into a modified Deism.
126:
1918:Gaunilo of Marmoutiers
1058:Philosophy of religion
855:10.1093/ref:odnb/13152
664:
617:Friedrich Julius Stahl
610:Continental prophecies
604:Valentin Ernst Löscher
337:Neoplatonism § The One
2529:People from Salisbury
2453:Faith and rationality
2408:Criticism of religion
2346:Robert Merrihew Adams
2336:Nicholas Wolterstorff
1539:Divine command theory
660:
272:Discourse on Miracles
243:. It was followed by
230:Diocese of Gloucester
228:'s nomination to the
2443:Religious philosophy
1923:Pico della Mirandola
1888:Anselm of Canterbury
1820:Augustinian theodicy
1732:Religious skepticism
1065:Concepts in religion
265:Diocese of Salisbury
131:Chubb, the son of a
2428:History of religion
2129:Friedrich Nietzsche
2006:Gottfried W Leibniz
2001:Nicolas Malebranche
1933:King James VI and I
1213:Abrahamic religions
579:Johann Georg Hamann
525:False equivalencies
164:Master of the Rolls
121:Freedom of the Will
39:Thomas Gainsborough
2524:Deist philosophers
2438:Religious language
2418:Ethics in religion
2376:William Lane Craig
2251:Charles Hartshorne
1991:Desiderius Erasmus
1893:Augustine of Hippo
1835:Inconsistent triad
1797:Apophatic theology
1792:Logical positivism
1774:Religious language
1394:Watchmaker analogy
1359:Necessary existent
1135:Conceptions of God
1095:Intelligent design
1019:Joseph Waligore, "
763:See Thuesen, ed.,
292:Four Dissertations
288:Thomas Rutherforth
2496:
2495:
2396:
2395:
2356:Peter van Inwagen
2341:Richard Swinburne
2286:George I Mavrodes
2146:Vladimir Solovyov
2086:Søren Kierkegaard
2011:William Wollaston
1958:William of Ockham
1938:Marcion of Sinope
1840:Irenaean theodicy
1830:Euthyphro dilemma
1757:Transcendentalism
1586:Womanist theology
1576:Feminist theology
1480:
1479:
1271:
1270:
1157:Divine simplicity
1077:Euthyphro dilemma
861:(Subscription or
731:on 9 October 2007
655:
654:
431:Deistic evolution
412:
405:
398:
328:
284:William Warburton
176:Arian controversy
99:writer born near
86:
85:
77:Literary movement
49:29 September 1679
2536:
2486:
2485:
2476:
2381:Ali Akbar Rashad
2244:Reinhold Niebuhr
2204:Bertrand Russell
2199:George Santayana
2096:Albrecht Ritschl
2081:Ludwig Feuerbach
1871:
1870:
1867:(by date active)
1727:Process theology
1472:Russell's teapot
1282:
1281:
1277:Existence of God
1187:Process theology
1140:
1139:
1125:Theological veto
1088:religious belief
1051:
1044:
1037:
1028:
1027:
1012:(London, 1730).
998:
977:
970:
948:
947:
933:
926:
920:
913:
902:
901:
873:
867:
866:
858:
840:
834:
828:
813:
812:
791:
789:
788:
782:
771:
761:
755:
754:
748:
740:
738:
736:
730:
724:. Archived from
723:
715:
709:
703:
688:Higher criticism
647:
640:
633:
531:Ceremonial deism
498:Thomas Jefferson
436:Natural theology
426:Theophilanthropy
406:
402:and Christianity
399:
392:
322:
302:
301:
241:Ebenezer Hewlett
158:at the house of
117:Jonathan Edwards
35:
21:
20:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2464:
2392:
2388:Alexander Pruss
2371:Jean-Luc Marion
2326:Alvin Plantinga
2321:Dewi Z Phillips
2308:
2306:
2300:
2271:Walter Kaufmann
2261:Frithjof Schuon
2234:Rudolf Bultmann
2191:
2185:
2181:Joseph Maréchal
2171:Pavel Florensky
2166:Sergei Bulgakov
2151:Ernst Troeltsch
2134:Harald Høffding
2111:
2105:
2076:William Whewell
2064:Georg W F Hegel
2059:Karl C F Krause
2046:
2040:
2036:Johann G Herder
2026:Baron d'Holbach
1976:Augustin Calmet
1962:
1878:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1854:
1812:Problem of evil
1806:
1802:Verificationism
1768:
1476:
1422:Atheist's Wager
1405:
1267:
1201:
1129:
1105:Problem of evil
1060:
1055:
1014:On Google Books
1005:
987:, ed. (1907). "
961:Stephen, Leslie
945:
941:
936:
927:
923:
914:
905:
874:
870:
860:
841:
837:
829:
816:
801:, ed. (1911). "
786:
784:
783:
774:
768:Vol. 26, p. 324
762:
758:
742:
741:
734:
732:
728:
721:
719:"Archived copy"
717:
716:
712:
704:
700:
696:
684:
651:
622:
621:
584:Charles Jennens
554:Catholic Church
549:
541:
540:
526:
518:
517:
513:Cayetano Ripoll
463:
461:Notable figures
453:
452:
442:
385:Christian Deism
375:
367:
366:
315:
300:
298:Views on prayer
180:William Whiston
172:
149:tallow-chandler
129:
62:8 February 1747
50:
41:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2542:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2519:British deists
2516:
2511:
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2480:
2469:
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2455:
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2402:
2401:Related topics
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2397:
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2390:
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2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2361:Daniel Dennett
2358:
2353:
2351:Ravi Zacharias
2348:
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2328:
2323:
2318:
2316:William L Rowe
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2293:
2291:William Alston
2288:
2283:
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2273:
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2239:Gabriel Marcel
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2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2176:Ernst Cassirer
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2071:Thomas Carlyle
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2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1996:Baruch Spinoza
1993:
1988:
1983:
1981:René Descartes
1978:
1972:
1970:
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1963:
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1953:Thomas Aquinas
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1722:Possibilianism
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1452:Noncognitivism
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1411:
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1404:
1403:
1401:Transcendental
1398:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:Pascal's wager
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
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1320:
1319:
1314:
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1299:
1297:Christological
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2229:Emil Brunner
2219:Paul Tillich
2209:Martin Buber
2124:W K Clifford
2101:Afrikan Spir
2016:Thomas Chubb
2015:
1968:Early modern
1948:Adi Shankara
1861:Philosophers
1845:Natural evil
1761:
1737:Spiritualism
1712:Perennialism
1665:Metaphysical
1509:Antireligion
1384:Teleological
1307:Cosmological
1258:Baháʼà Faith
1223:Christianity
1182:Personal god
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733:. Retrieved
726:the original
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503:Thomas Paine
493:Thomas Chubb
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25:Thomas Chubb
18:
2514:1747 deaths
2509:1679 births
2296:Antony Flew
2281:Peter Geach
2214:René Guénon
2161:Lev Shestov
2156:Rudolf Otto
1863:of religion
1702:Panentheism
1635:Inclusivism
1554:Exclusivism
1549:Esotericism
1519:Creationism
1499:Agnosticism
1467:Poor design
1462:Omnipotence
1389:Natural law
1364:Ontological
1317:Contingency
1167:Holy Spirit
985:Wood, James
559:John Leland
352:Socinianism
222:inspiration
109:Evangelists
2503:Categories
2266:J L Mackie
2224:Karl Barth
2021:David Hume
1943:Maimonides
1928:Heraclitus
1717:Polytheism
1687:Nondualism
1675:Humanistic
1660:Naturalism
1650:Monotheism
1608:Henotheism
1603:Gnosticism
1534:Demonology
1417:747 gambit
1334:Experience
1172:Misotheism
865:required.)
694:References
676:Antichrist
548:Opposition
276:revelation
209:. In 1732
2366:Loyal Rue
2091:Karl Marx
1913:Gaudapada
1742:Shamanism
1707:Pantheism
1692:Nontheism
1670:Religious
1655:Mysticism
1628:Christian
1618:Religious
1569:Atheistic
1564:Christian
1447:Nonbelief
1432:Free will
1248:Mormonism
1072:Afterlife
898:170532446
706:Wood 1907
448:Polydeism
416:Spinozism
409:criticism
374:Movements
347:Averroism
261:pluralist
141:Salisbury
101:Salisbury
53:Salisbury
2488:Category
2433:Religion
2423:Exegesis
1908:Boethius
1903:Averroes
1898:Avicenna
1880:medieval
1850:Theodicy
1697:Pandeism
1613:Humanism
1581:Thealogy
1524:Dharmism
1494:Acosmism
1486:Theology
1354:Morality
1349:Miracles
1228:Hinduism
1218:Buddhism
1177:Pandeism
1152:Demiurge
1120:Theodicy
745:cite web
682:See also
612:§ Themes
483:Voltaire
390:Pandeism
196:Arianism
133:maltster
123:(1754).
95:English
71:Theology
2459:more...
2192:postwar
1875:Ancient
1763:more...
1682:New Age
1623:Secular
1593:Fideism
1544:Dualism
1514:Atheism
1504:Animism
1410:Against
1253:Sikhism
1243:Judaism
1238:Jainism
1147:Brahman
1100:Miracle
982::
963:(ed.).
953::
939:Sources
796::
395:in Asia
314:Origins
139:, near
2478:Portal
1752:Theism
1645:Monism
1379:Reason
1329:Desire
1324:Degree
1292:Beauty
1206:God in
1162:Egoism
1115:Spirit
959:". In
896:
859:
790:
247:, and
156:London
145:glover
1747:Taoic
1529:Deism
1312:Kalam
1263:Wicca
1233:Islam
1082:Faith
894:S2CID
729:(PDF)
722:(PDF)
306:Deism
170:Works
97:Deist
81:Deism
67:Genre
51:near
2309:2010
2307:1990
2305:1970
2190:1920
2112:1900
2110:1880
2047:1850
2045:1800
1437:Hell
1427:Evil
1344:Love
1110:Soul
751:link
737:2008
320:Deus
127:Life
59:Died
46:Born
1877:and
1285:For
1086:or
991:".
886:doi
851:doi
805:".
119:in
93:lay
2505::
906:^
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817:^
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747:}}
743:{{
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323:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
