726:(1941), four years had gone by and he was able to add more research and advancements made in genetics. Around half of the new research he found was added to the last two chapters in his book: Patterns of Evolution, and Species as Natural Units. In the second to last chapter, Patterns of Evolution, Dobzhansky explained how on the path to a new adaptation, a method could be used to where a species could go through a less adaptive stage. The last chapter, Species as Natural Units, Dobzhansky explained some of the contributions made in genetics to what was called "the new systematics." Dobzhansky's second edition of the book also had twice as many sources in the bibliography than the first edition.
719:, how the effects from changes in chromosomes greater than gene mutations are common and acceptable, and how mutations form racial and specific differences. Dobzhansky explained how three levels could describe the processes of evolutionary population genetics: (1) the origin of raw materials by mutations of genes and chromosomes, (2) the changes in populations by changes in frequencies and combinations of mutations, (3) the fixation of changes by reproductive isolation. To support his writing and research, the bibliography was twenty-eight pages long with around six hundred sources.
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733:(1951), Dobzhansky rewrote all ten chapters on: Isolating Mechanisms, Mutation in Populations, Organic Diversity, Heredity and Mutation, Race Formation, Selection, Adaptive Polymorphism, Hybrid Sterility, Species as Natural Units, and Patterns of Evolution. Dobzhansky decided to remove the chapter on Polyploidy in the third edition. The new chapter on Adaptive Polymorphism highlighted Dobzhansky's research since the second edition. He included precise, quantitative evidence on effective
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1126:. Dobzhansky rejected Coon's theory of independent origin of identical mutations, but he did agree that selection favored a sapiens-like genotype in all proto-human populations, and expressed the theory that all sapiens-alleles existed at a low frequency in all erectus-populations, and that the statistical composition of the gene pool shifted from erectus to sapiens in multiple populations independently.
781:
in 1967. "The pervasiveness of genetic variation provides the biological foundation of human individuality". Dobzhansky talks about in great detail that "human nature has 2 dimensions: the biological, which mankind shares with the rest of life, and the cultural, which is exclusive to humans." Both of
61:
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that
Dobzhansky could not, together with other scientists, agree upon what defines a race. Dobzhansky stated that a true bloodline for man could not be identified. He did not believe that a person's genetic makeup decided whether or not he would be a great man but rather that man "has the rare
715:(1937) highlighted the most recent discoveries in genetics and how they applied to the concept of evolution. The book starts by addressing the problem of evolution and how modern discoveries in genetics could help find a solution. The book covers the chromosomal basis of
704:. Although the book was meant for people with a background in biology, it was easily understood. In the fields of genetics and evolution, Dobzhansky's book is acknowledged as one of the most important books ever written. With each revision of
837:, for treatment and care. Working until his last day as a professor of genetics, Dobzhansky died (from heart failure) on December 18, 1975, in Davis, California. He was cremated, and his ashes were scattered in the Californian wilderness.
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was so laden with toxic associations that it was a word best eliminated from science completely. Dobzhansky argued that science should not give in to the misuses to which it had been subjected, and that the concept of
973:. R.C. Lewontin, J.A. Moore, W.B. Provine & B. Wallace, eds. Columbia University Press, New York. (reprints the 43 papers in this series, all but two of which were authored or co-authored by Dobzhansky)
424:
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Dobzhansky's research and studies allowed him to travel the world and receive honorary degrees in
Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, England, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Sweden.
773:
His concern with the interface between humans and biology may have come from different factors. The main factor would be the race prejudice that contributed in Europe that triggered
708:, Dobzhansky added new material on crucial, up to date topics, and removed material he deemed to be no longer crucial. His book sparked trends in genetic research and theory.
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of variation within species, and Non-Mendelian inheritance of variation in a macroevolutionary sense. Dobzhansky later stated that
Filipchenko "bet on the wrong horse".
510:, as a favorable model organism in evolutionary-biological studies ever since they published their influential works. Dobzhansky's original mindset (after studying alongside
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Dobzhansky sought to put an end to the pseudoscience that purports genetic makeup to determine race, and thus rank in society. Harrison E. Salisbury wrote in a
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At high school, Dobzhansky collected butterflies and decided to become a biologist. In 1915, he met Victor
Luchnik who convinced him to specialize in
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can be caused by differences in presence of microbial symbionts between populations. In 1937, he published one of the major works of the
818:
had been made assistant professor, and where he continued working as an emeritus professor. He published one of his most famous essays "
599:
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Vucinich, Alexander (1995). "Review of The
Evolution of Theodosius Dobzhansky: Essays on His Life and Thought in Russia and America".
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500:. Their work provided crucial information on Drosophila cytogenetics. Additionally, Dobzhansky and his team helped establish
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debated the use and validity of the term "race" over a period of many years without reaching an agreement. Montagu argued that
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Dobzhansky immigrated to the United States in 1927 on a work–study scholarship from the
International Education Board of the
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810:(a chronic form of leukemia), and had been given a few months to a few years to live. He retired in 1971, moving to the
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419:), the only child of Grigory Dobzhansky, a mathematics teacher, and Sophia Voinarsky. He was given an unusual name,
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885:. McGraw-Hill. (5 editions: 1925, 1932, 1939, 1950, 1958; Dobzhansky co-editor only on 1950 & 1958 editions).
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Jackson, John P. (2001). ""In Ways
Unacademical": The Reception of Carleton S. Coon's "The Origin of Races"".
474:
Before immigrating to the United States, Dobzhansky published 35 scientific works on entomology and genetics.
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514:), was that there were serious doubts on using data obtained from phenomena happening in local populations (
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567:". Dobzhansky's work was instrumental in spreading the idea that it is through mutations in genes that
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1783:"Honorary Doctorates between the decades of 1940s and 1950s from the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil"
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biological populations differing in gene frequencies. This was done in hopes that its foundation in
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On August 8, 1924, Dobzhansky married geneticist
Natalia "Natasha" Sivertzeva, who was working with
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1364:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details - NSF - National Science Foundation"
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The
Evolution of Theodosius Dobzhansky : essays on his life and thought in Russia and America
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Genetics and the Origin of
Species: From Darwin to Molecular Biology, 60 Years After Dobzhansky
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MacIntyre, R. J.; Gearhart, J. D.; Effron, J. W.; O' Brien, S. J.; Fogleman, J. (2015-05-01).
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of the United States. During this time, he had a very public falling out with one of his
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Farber, Paul Lawrence (2015). "Dobzhansky and Montagu's Debate on Race: The Aftermath".
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777:. His concern also dealt with religion in human life which he speaks about in his book
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857:. He described his beliefs as "Evolution is God's, or Nature's, method of Creation."
734:
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632:) until his retirement in 1971. In 1972 he was elected the founding president of the
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467:, an anthropologist, food historian, and author, primarily known for her work on the
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on February 22, 1969. Earlier (on June 1, 1968), Theodosius had been diagnosed with
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these are believed to have come from "biological evolution and cultural evolution".
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from 1930 to 1940. On the basis of his experiments, he articulated the idea that
522:). Filipchenko also believed that there were only two types of inheritance:
439:
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By 1975, his leukemia had become more severe, and on November 11 he traveled to
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1541:. Hand Book of Genetics. Edited by: King RC. 1975, New York: Plenum, 3: 537-587
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would undermine the deeply ingrained social prejudices associated with "race".
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Simpson, G. G. (1952). Dobzhansky, Theodosius (ed.). "Evolutionary Genetics".
423:, because he was born after his middle-aged parents prayed for a child to St.
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in Kiev. The Dobzhanskys had one daughter, known under her married name as
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became a major influence on the modern synthesis. He was awarded the U.S.
1563:
Progress and prospects in evolutionary biology : the Drosophila model
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Dobzhansky's work in the field of evolutionary genetics, with the help of
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1227:"Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky. 25 January 1900 -- 18 December 1975"
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Andrews, Ted F. (1952). "Review of Genetics and the Origin of Species".
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2007:
Zirkle, Conway (1939). "Review of Genetics and the Origin of Species".
1990:
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Zirkle, Conway (1942). "Review of Genetics and the Origin of Species".
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Dobzhansky, Th., F.J. Ayala, G.L. Stebbins & J.W. Valentine. 1977.
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in 1953. He then moved to the Rockefeller Institute (shortly to become
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24:
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Shermer, M.; Sulloway, F.J. (2000). "The grand old man of evolution".
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894:. Columbia University Press, New York. (2nd ed., 1941; 3rd ed., 1951)
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Russian-American geneticist and evolutionary biologist (1900–1975)
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1027:"Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution"
855:
Creator brought about his plan through the processes of evolution
850:
435:
416:
408:
90:
32:
907:. The New American Library of World Literature, Inc., New York.
820:
Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution
615:
486:. Upon arriving in New York City on December 27, he joined the
1439:
Lewontin, R. C. (1976). "Theodosius Dobzhansky. 1900 - 1975".
1155:
1589:
Hull, David L. (1994). Adams, Mark B. (ed.). "Evolutionist".
1313:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
926:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press – via
865:
During his career, Dobzhansky published widely in books and
1635:
Acquiring genomes : a theory of the origins of species
774:
698:
Theodosius Dobzhansky published three editions of his book
428:
1638:(First ed.). New York, NY: Basic Books. p. 94.
846:
2175:"Dogma, not faith, is the barrier to scientific enquiry"
1289:
Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences
345:; January 25, 1900 – December 18, 1975) was an American
938:. Harcourt, Brace & World Inc., New York, New York.
822:" in 1973, influenced by the paleontologist and priest
602:, of which he was also a member. He was elected to the
2146:
Ayala, Francisco Jos_; Fitch, Walter M. (1997-01-01).
652:
Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1965
1232:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
691:
590:
from 1940 to 1962. Among his students was geneticist
971:
Dobzhansky's Genetics of Natural Populations I-XLIII
636:, and was recognized by the society for his role in
6304:
Eastern Orthodox Christians from the Russian Empire
1078:
881:Sinnott, E.W., Dunn, L.C and Dobzhansky, Th. 1925.
677:in 1963, a member of the board of directors of the
6309:Eastern Orthodox Christians from the United States
1476:"Mid-Century Controversies in Population Genetics"
1310:
1177:"Theodosius Dobzhansky: The man and the scientist"
978:
919:
361:and also popular for his support and promotion of
6344:Presidents of the American Society of Naturalists
2482:
6324:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
6195:
4767:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
2371:National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
922:Mankind Evolving: The Evolution of Human Species
661:Dobzhansky was renowned as the president of the
2237:
1342:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
1122:of "The origin of races" by the anthropologist
917:
583:, based primarily in professional competition.
492:Group at Columbia University working alongside
1711:. National Academy of Sciences. Archived from
6329:Members of the American Philosophical Society
2452:
1631:
518:) and phenomena happening on a global scale (
2340:Theodosius Dobzhansky: A Man For All Seasons
1009:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
977:Dobzhansky, Th., & Boesiger, E. (1983).
853:can be reconciled through the idea that the
614:. He was one of the signatories of the 1950
407:Dobzhansky was born on January 25, 1900, in
1386:
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1217:
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798:Final illness and the "Light of Evolution"
353:. He was a central figure in the field of
59:
2198:
2172:
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1676:
1244:
1149:John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
1045:
903:Dunn, L. C., & Dobzhansky, Th. 1946.
4176:
1438:
1390:
1381:
794:opportunity 'to direct his evolution'".
2746:
2468:United States National Medal of Science
2376:Works by or about Theodosius Dobzhansky
2258:
2121:"Books of The Times; The Future of Man"
2113:
2041:
1968:
1860:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1804:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1661:"In Memory of Bruce Wallace: 1920–2015"
1308:
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1079:Dobzhansky, Th.; Pavlovsky, O. (1957).
985:. New York: Columbia University Press.
681:in 1964, and president of the American
571:takes place. Also in 1937, he became a
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2006:
1928:
1701:
1632:Margulis, Lynn; Sagan, Dorion (2002).
1560:
1492:10.1146/annurev.genet.42.110807.091612
952:. Columbia University Press, New York.
594:. In 1941, Dobzhansky was awarded the
555:, which amongst other things, defined
6249:Soviet emigrants to the United States
5296:
5295:
4765:
4175:
3689:
2745:
2481:
2440:
2002:
2000:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1881:"Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975)".
1584:
1582:
1565:. New York: Oxford University Press.
1337:
1276:
1175:Ayala, Francisco J. (December 1976).
1174:
898:The Biological Basis of Human Freedom
626:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
6284:Foreign members of the Royal Society
1857:Genetics of the evolutionary process
1588:
1473:
1467:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1304:
1302:
1261:
1221:
981:Human Culture, A Moment in Evolution
957:Genetic Diversity and Human Equality
950:Genetics of the Evolutionary Process
845:Theodosius Dobzhansky believed that
840:
762:used the concept for describing the
740:
737:in laboratory and free populations.
656:Genetics of the evolutionary process
6259:National Medal of Science laureates
1825:"Historical table of BGA Meetingsl"
1196:10.1146/annurev.ge.10.120176.000245
758:has been important in biology; the
343:Теодо́сій Григо́рович Добржа́нський
335:Феодо́сий Григо́рьевич Добржа́нский
13:
6349:Writers about religion and science
2327:Genetics and the Origin of Species
2308:Genetics and the Origin of Species
1997:
1957:
1917:
1579:
1474:Crow, James F. (1 December 2008).
891:Genetics and the Origin of Species
802:Dobzhansky's wife Natasha died of
731:Genetics and the Origin of Species
724:Genetics and the Origin of Species
722:In Dobzhansky's second edition of
713:Genetics and the Origin of Species
706:Genetics and the Origin of Species
701:Genetics and the Origin of Species
693:Genetics and the Origin of Species
671:Society for the Study of Evolution
552:Genetics and the Origin of Species
531:California Institute of Technology
383:Genetics and the Origin of Species
327:Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky
272:California Institute of Technology
76:Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky
14:
6370:
2299:
2261:Journal of the History of Biology
2079:Journal of the History of Biology
1427:
1299:
945:. New American Library, New York.
456:laboratory had been established.
438:instead. Dobzhansky attended the
6334:20th-century American zoologists
2392:
2356:The Theodosius Dobzhansky Papers
2173:Kutschera, U. (September 2006).
6299:20th-century Russian zoologists
6254:Modern synthesis (20th century)
2252:
2231:
2139:
2070:
2035:
1874:
1854:Dobzhansky, Theodosius (1970).
1847:
1817:
1792:
1775:
1751:
1727:
1652:
1625:
1554:
1521:
943:The Biology of Ultimate Concern
860:
812:University of California, Davis
779:The Biology of Ultimate Concern
667:American Society of Naturalists
373:, Dobzhansky immigrated to the
286:University of California, Davis
153:
135:Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller model
6289:Rockefeller University faculty
2429:Nikolai Nikolaevich Bogoliubov
2385:Works by Theodosius Dobzhansky
2366:American Philosophical Society
1356:
1331:
1137:
966:. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco.
936:Heredity and the Nature of Man
912:Evolution, Genetics, & Man
791:Heredity and the Future of Man
675:American Society of Zoologists
604:American Philosophical Society
427:. In 1910 the family moved to
1:
6219:People from Bratslavsky Uyezd
3690:
2483:Behavioral and social science
1603:10.1126/science.266.5190.1589
1130:
1112:
914:. Wiley & Sons, New York.
634:Behavior Genetics Association
539:modern evolutionary synthesis
402:
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
6339:Recipients of Franklin Medal
2152:. National Academies Press.
2044:The American Biology Teacher
1709:"Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal"
1034:The American Biology Teacher
789:review of Dobzhansky's book
600:National Academy of Sciences
397:
357:for his work in shaping the
7:
6354:American critics of atheism
6269:Columbia University faculty
2391:(public domain audiobooks)
1561:Powell, Jeffrey R. (1997).
1533:and its American relatives,
1527:King, Robert (2012-12-06).
1309:Collins, Francis S (2006).
905:Heredity, Race, and Society
663:Genetics Society of America
180:Grigory Dobzhansky (father)
10:
6375:
6264:Columbia University alumni
5371:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
824:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
745:Theodosius Dobzhansky and
673:in 1951, president of the
669:in 1950, president of the
665:in 1941, president of the
596:Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal
529:He followed Morgan to the
477:
198:Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal
19:In this name that follows
18:
6133:
5982:
5831:
5652:
5458:
5306:
5302:
5291:
5225:
5127:
5016:
4927:
4848:
4776:
4772:
4761:
4718:
4627:
4519:
4410:
4346:William Hayward Pickering
4291:
4186:
4182:
4171:
4097:
3989:
3843:
3719:
3700:
3696:
3685:
3596:
3405:
3219:
3037:
2893:
2756:
2752:
2741:
2698:
2639:
2551:
2511:
2492:
2488:
2477:
2425:
2415:
2407:
2402:
2091:10.1007/s10739-015-9428-1
1531:Drosophila pseudoobscura
1480:Annual Review of Genetics
1184:Annual Review of Genetics
1018:
729:In the third revision of
679:American Eugenics Society
650:Dobzhansky was elected a
388:National Medal of Science
342:
334:
320:
306:
294:
246:
232:
225:
210:National Medal of Science
190:
183:Sophia Voinarsky (mother)
173:
163:
140:
130:
120:
101:
70:
58:
44:
5795:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
5241:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2872:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
1529:Dobzhansky T, Powell JR:
1317:. New York: Free Press.
1118:Dobzhansky, Th. Wrote a
1025:Dobzhansky, Th. (1973).
959:. Basic Books, New York.
918:Dobzhansky, Th. (1962).
875:
654:. In 1970, he published
624:. He was elected to the
503:Drosophila pseudoobscura
6244:Evolutionary biologists
5106:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
3024:George Ledyard Stebbins
2945:James Augustine Shannon
2273:10.1023/A:1010366015968
1883:The American Naturalist
1800:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
1735:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
1338:Adams, M., ed. (1994).
1282:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
1145:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
608:University of São Paulo
453:Drosophila melanogaster
425:Theodosius of Chernigov
258:University of Leningrad
6294:Theistic evolutionists
6274:Critics of creationism
6234:American entomologists
5563:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
5550:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
4506:Harry George Drickamer
4452:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
4126:M. Frederick Hawthorne
4000:John D. Baldeschwieler
3240:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
2922:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
2411:George B. Kistiakowsky
1246:10.1098/rsbm.1977.0004
969:Dobzhansky, Th. 1981.
955:Dobzhansky, Th. 1973.
948:Dobzhansky, Th. 1970.
941:Dobzhansky, Th. 1967.
934:Dobzhansky, Th. 1966.
910:Dobzhansky, Th. 1955.
888:Dobzhansky, Th. 1937.
883:Principles of Genetics
756:animal and plant races
630:Rockefeller University
606:in 1942. In 1943, the
561:frequency of an allele
535:reproductive isolation
484:Rockefeller Foundation
351:evolutionary biologist
279:Rockefeller University
268:(1927–1928, 1940–1962)
6279:Critics of Lamarckism
6239:Russian entomologists
6154:Sylvester James Gates
5540:William Alfred Fowler
5522:Robert Rathbun Wilson
5335:Robert Burns Woodward
4147:Geraldine L. Richmond
3895:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
3178:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
3107:Vernon B. Mountcastle
2963:Sterling B. Hendricks
2780:Marshall W. Nirenberg
2775:Theodosius Dobzhansky
2623:William Julius Wilson
2419:Elliott Cresson Medal
1678:10.1093/jhered/esv024
717:Mendelian Inheritance
711:The first edition of
685:Association in 1969.
524:Mendelian inheritance
204:Guggenheim Fellowship
46:Theodosius Dobzhansky
6314:Soviet entomologists
6224:American geneticists
6125:Warren M. Washington
6089:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
5998:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
5943:Martin Schwarzschild
5724:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
5716:J. Robert Schrieffer
5686:E. Margaret Burbidge
5530:Nicolaas Bloembergen
5507:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
5386:Vladimir K. Zworykin
5138:John Griggs Thompson
5061:Martin David Kruskal
4901:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
4374:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
4328:Ralph Brazelton Peck
4283:Jack St. Clair Kilby
4210:John Robinson Pierce
4177:Engineering sciences
4108:Jacqueline K. Barton
3963:George M. Whitesides
3882:Dudley R. Herschbach
3820:Richard B. Bernstein
3789:Walter H. Stockmayer
3337:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
3268:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
3158:Stanley Norman Cohen
3145:Rita Levi-Montalcini
2981:Keith Roberts Porter
2844:Alfred H. Sturtevant
2839:Michael Heidelberger
2811:Fritz Albert Lipmann
1763:search.amphilsoc.org
1759:"APS Member History"
808:lymphocytic leukemia
559:as "a change in the
543:evolutionary biology
469:history of chocolate
355:evolutionary biology
237:Evolutionary biology
6229:Russian geneticists
6214:People from Nemyriv
6175:Shirley Ann Jackson
6094:Charles P. Slichter
5938:Marshall Rosenbluth
5930:Wallace S. Broecker
5883:Eugene M. Shoemaker
5644:Victor F. Weisskopf
5591:Herbert S. Gutowsky
5573:Edgar Bright Wilson
5414:George Kistiakowsky
5032:Stephen Cole Kleene
4543:George H. Heilmeier
4530:Mildred Dresselhaus
4421:Edward H. Heinemann
4351:Frederick E. Terman
4315:Richard T. Whitcomb
4236:Clarence L. Johnson
4197:Theodore von Kármán
4084:Stephen J. Benkovic
4063:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
4050:Marvin H. Caruthers
4005:Ralph F. Hirschmann
3945:Darleane C. Hoffman
3835:Harden M. McConnell
3776:Frank H. Westheimer
3588:Stanley B. Prusiner
3552:Robert J. Lefkowitz
3311:Howard Martin Temin
3168:Maurice R. Hilleman
3163:Joseph L. Goldstein
3102:Donald A. Henderson
3019:Earl Reece Stadtman
3004:Elizabeth C. Crosby
2968:Orville Alvin Vogel
2798:Donald D. Van Slyke
2747:Biological sciences
2191:2006Natur.443...26K
1665:Journal of Heredity
1597:(5190): 1589–1590.
1278:Ayala, Francisco J.
870:scientific journals
804:coronary thrombosis
768:population genetics
683:Teilhard de Chardin
588:Columbia University
573:naturalized citizen
541:, the synthesis of
506:, within the genus
265:Columbia University
6319:Soviet geneticists
6047:G. Brent Dalrymple
5865:Arthur L. Schawlow
5772:James A. Van Allen
5663:Philip W. Anderson
5619:Richard P. Feynman
5545:Linus Carl Pauling
5180:Dennis P. Sullivan
4737:John B. Goodenough
4670:Edwin N. Lightfoot
4638:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
4619:Kenneth N. Stevens
4387:Raymond D. Mindlin
4310:Harold E. Edgerton
4155:A. Paul Alivisatos
4034:Stephen J. Lippard
4013:Ernest R. Davidson
3950:Harold S. Johnston
3784:William S. Johnson
3748:George C. Pimentel
3583:Susan L. Lindquist
3565:Francis S. Collins
3459:Victor A. McKusick
3434:Francisco J. Ayala
3416:Nancy C. Andreasen
3366:Robert A. Weinberg
3140:Har Gobind Khorana
3125:Michael E. DeBakey
3112:George Emil Palade
3084:Wendell L. Roelofs
3074:Howard L. Bachrach
2904:Barbara McClintock
2806:Edward F. Knipling
2361:2011-08-07 at the
2351:Francisco J. Ayala
2345:2008-06-27 at the
2333:2008-09-28 at the
2318:2008-08-20 at the
2127:. 19 December 1964
2125:The New York Times
1889:(977): 1–2. 1977.
816:Francisco J. Ayala
814:where his student
612:honorary doctorate
494:Thomas Hunt Morgan
440:University of Kiev
377:in 1927, aged 27.
363:theistic evolution
251:University of Kiev
146:Natalia Sivertzeva
125:University of Kiev
65:Dobzhansky in 1966
6359:Science activists
6191:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6120:Esther M. Conwell
6060:Robert N. Clayton
6052:Riccardo Giacconi
6016:Raymond Davis Jr.
5904:Albert Overhauser
5847:Edwin M. McMillan
5808:Arnold O. Beckman
5785:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
5762:Paul C. Lauterbur
5739:Robert Hofstadter
5691:Maurice Goldhaber
5678:Charles H. Townes
5629:Edward M. Purcell
5596:Frederick Rossini
5450:Wolfgang Panofsky
5381:John H. Van Vleck
5297:Physical sciences
5287:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5249:Solomon W. Golomb
5209:Andrew J. Viterbi
5204:Leonard Kleinrock
5151:Calyampudi R. Rao
5119:Ronald R. Coifman
5027:George F. Carrier
5008:Donald C. Spencer
5003:Saunders Mac Lane
4938:Marshall H. Stone
4888:Shiing-Shen Chern
4795:Solomon Lefschetz
4757:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4694:David J. Wineland
4662:John M. Prausnitz
4603:C. Kumar N. Patel
4598:James L. Flanagan
4566:John Roy Whinnery
4553:H. Guyford Stever
4535:Nick Holonyak Jr.
4498:George W. Housner
4493:Willis M. Hawkins
4488:Daniel C. Drucker
4470:Robert Byron Bird
4462:Bernard M. Oliver
4369:Peter C. Goldmark
4356:Wernher von Braun
4302:George E. Mueller
4275:Nathan M. Newmark
4270:J. Presper Eckert
4249:Claude E. Shannon
4218:Charles S. Draper
4167:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4134:Judith P. Klinman
4018:Gábor A. Somorjai
3929:Isabella L. Karle
3916:George S. Hammond
3877:Gertrude B. Elion
3830:Rudolph A. Marcus
3681:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3607:Ralph L. Brinster
3526:Torsten N. Wiesel
3503:Norman E. Borlaug
3490:Solomon H. Snyder
3485:J. Michael Bishop
3444:Mario R. Capecchi
3324:Salome G. Waelsch
3255:E. Donnall Thomas
3130:Theodor O. Diener
3029:Paul Alfred Weiss
2857:Bernard B. Brodie
2793:George G. Simpson
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2682:Michael I. Posner
2583:Eleanor J. Gibson
2535:George J. Stigler
2503:Neal Elgar Miller
2435:
2434:
2426:Succeeded by
2417:Recipient of the
2159:978-0-309-05877-3
1806:. 9 February 2023
1739:www.nasonline.org
1349:978-0-691-03479-9
1324:978-0-7432-8639-8
992:978-0-231-05632-8
841:Evolution and God
741:Debate about race
735:natural selection
638:behavior genetics
621:The Race Question
581:Alfred Sturtevant
569:natural selection
498:Alfred Sturtevant
461:Ivan Schmalhausen
446:) to study under
324:
323:
307:Doctoral students
290:
283:
276:
269:
262:
255:
227:Scientific career
113:Davis, California
105:December 18, 1975
6366:
6003:Gilbert F. White
5948:George Wetherill
5842:Allan M. Cormack
5800:Jack Steinberger
5780:D. Allan Bromley
5729:H. Richard Crane
5706:Frederick Reines
5696:Helmut Landsberg
5611:George Uhlenbeck
5512:Vladimir Haensel
5474:Allan R. Sandage
5445:Herbert C. Brown
5427:Herbert Friedman
5353:Leon M. Lederman
5325:Julian Schwinger
5304:
5303:
5293:
5292:
5262:Alexandre Chorin
5236:Richard A. Tapia
5217:David B. Mumford
5045:Alberto Calderón
4990:Joseph B. Keller
4977:Michael Freedman
4946:Herman Goldstine
4800:H. Marston Morse
4774:
4773:
4763:
4762:
4702:Rudolf E. Kálmán
4686:Robert S. Langer
4678:Jan D. Achenbach
4511:Herbert E. Grier
4262:Igor I. Sikorsky
4223:Othmar H. Ammann
4184:
4183:
4173:
4172:
4139:Jerrold Meinwald
3908:Norman Hackerman
3887:Glenn T. Seaborg
3802:William O. Baker
3730:F. Albert Cotton
3698:
3697:
3687:
3686:
3664:Mary-Claire King
3557:Bert W. O'Malley
3513:Thomas E. Starzl
3508:Phillip A. Sharp
3495:Charles Yanofsky
3477:Evelyn M. Witkin
3472:James E. Darnell
3298:Paul C. Zamecnik
3263:Mary Ellen Avery
3235:Herbert W. Boyer
3230:Baruj Benacerraf
3201:Joshua Lederberg
3191:Viktor Hamburger
3153:Michael S. Brown
2999:Robert H. Burris
2754:
2753:
2743:
2742:
2690:Mortimer Mishkin
2615:William K. Estes
2599:Roger N. Shepard
2591:Robert K. Merton
2575:George A. Miller
2522:Herbert A. Simon
2490:
2489:
2479:
2478:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2438:
2437:
2408:Preceded by
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2380:Internet Archive
2293:
2292:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2202:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2004:
1995:
1994:
1966:
1955:
1954:
1926:
1915:
1914:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1831:. Archived from
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1715:on 1 August 2012
1705:
1699:
1698:
1680:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1558:
1552:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1436:
1425:
1424:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1316:
1306:
1297:
1296:
1286:
1274:
1259:
1258:
1248:
1219:
1208:
1207:
1181:
1172:
1153:
1152:
1141:
1124:Carleton S. Coon
1108:
1075:
1049:
1031:
1014:
1008:
1000:
997:Internet Archive
984:
931:
928:Internet Archive
925:
760:modern synthesis
512:Yuri Filipchenko
448:Yuri Filipchenko
390:in 1964 and the
365:as a practicing
359:modern synthesis
344:
336:
315:Richard Lewontin
301:Yuri Filipchenko
296:Doctoral advisor
288:
281:
274:
267:
260:
253:
157:
155:
108:
87:January 25, 1900
86:
84:
77:
63:
53:
42:
41:
6374:
6373:
6369:
6368:
6367:
6365:
6364:
6363:
6194:
6193:
6192:
6179:
6167:Sean C. Solomon
6129:
6081:Daniel Kleppner
6073:Lonnie Thompson
6068:Ralph A. Alpher
6034:W. Jason Morgan
6021:Charles Keeling
6011:Marvin L. Cohen
5978:
5961:John N. Bahcall
5956:Don L. Anderson
5922:Peter Goldreich
5875:Steven Weinberg
5827:
5757:Walter Elsasser
5734:Herman Feshbach
5648:
5586:Samuel Goudsmit
5578:Chien-Shiung Wu
5517:Frederick Seitz
5484:John A. Wheeler
5469:Robert H. Dicke
5454:
5317:Luis W. Alvarez
5298:
5279:
5267:David Blackwell
5221:
5172:Carl R. de Boor
5143:Karen Uhlenbeck
5123:
5077:Louis Nirenberg
5012:
4985:Ralph E. Gomory
4923:
4919:Donald E. Knuth
4906:Hassler Whitney
4844:
4768:
4749:
4714:
4646:Andreas Acrivos
4623:
4611:Eli Ruckenstein
4590:Hermann A. Haus
4561:Calvin F. Quate
4548:Luna B. Leopold
4515:
4406:
4392:Robert N. Noyce
4382:Emmett N. Leith
4341:Manson Benedict
4323:Rudolf Kompfner
4287:
4241:Warren K. Lewis
4178:
4159:
4093:
4055:Peter B. Dervan
4026:John I. Brauman
3985:
3937:Norman Davidson
3864:John D. Roberts
3839:
3807:Konrad E. Bloch
3753:Richard N. Zare
3715:
3692:
3673:
3630:Sallie Chisholm
3612:Rudolf Jaenisch
3592:
3575:J. Craig Venter
3534:Rita R. Colwell
3401:
3387:David Baltimore
3278:Robert W. Kates
3250:David G. Nathan
3245:Edward B. Lewis
3215:
3211:Harland G. Wood
3206:Roger W. Sperry
3061:Glenn W. Burton
3033:
3009:Arthur Kornberg
2976:Roger Guillemin
2953:Hallowell Davis
2917:Daniel I. Arnon
2909:Albert B. Sabin
2889:
2862:Detlev W. Bronk
2834:Harry F. Harlow
2829:Kenneth S. Cole
2816:William C. Rose
2788:Francis P. Rous
2748:
2729:
2694:
2674:Gordon H. Bower
2635:
2631:Robert M. Solow
2547:
2543:Milton Friedman
2507:
2484:
2473:
2465:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2393:
2363:Wayback Machine
2347:Wayback Machine
2335:Wayback Machine
2325:Chapter 1 from
2320:Wayback Machine
2302:
2297:
2296:
2257:
2253:
2236:
2232:
2200:10.1038/443026b
2171:
2167:
2160:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2075:
2071:
2056:10.2307/4438411
2040:
2036:
2005:
1998:
1983:10.2307/2405629
1967:
1958:
1927:
1918:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1868:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1809:
1807:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1767:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1743:
1741:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1716:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1630:
1626:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1559:
1555:
1526:
1522:
1512:
1510:
1472:
1468:
1453:10.2307/1297333
1437:
1428:
1405:10.2307/2501792
1389:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1307:
1300:
1284:
1275:
1262:
1220:
1211:
1179:
1173:
1156:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1115:
1097:10.2307/2405795
1056:10.2307/4444260
1047:10.1.1.324.2891
1029:
1021:
1002:
1001:
993:
878:
863:
843:
800:
743:
696:
610:awarded him an
586:He returned to
579:collaborators,
480:
405:
400:
284:
277:
270:
263:
256:
221:
186:
159:
156: 1924)
151:
147:
121:Alma mater
116:
110:
106:
97:
88:
82:
80:
79:
78:
75:
66:
54:
49:
47:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6372:
6362:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6189:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6177:
6172:
6169:
6164:
6162:Burton Richter
6159:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6115:Yakir Aharonov
6112:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6083:
6078:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6062:
6057:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6029:Richard Garwin
6026:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5993:Willis E. Lamb
5990:
5986:
5984:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5932:
5927:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5885:
5880:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5752:Philip Abelson
5749:
5746:
5744:Chen-Ning Yang
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5718:
5713:
5711:Bruno B. Rossi
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5668:Yoichiro Nambu
5665:
5660:
5656:
5654:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5479:John C. Slater
5476:
5471:
5466:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5366:Jacob Bjerknes
5363:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5319:
5314:
5310:
5308:
5300:
5299:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5198:
5193:
5190:
5185:
5182:
5177:
5174:
5169:
5166:
5164:James G. Glimm
5161:
5158:
5156:Elias M. Stein
5153:
5148:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5108:
5103:
5100:
5098:Shing-Tung Yau
5095:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5079:
5074:
5071:
5066:
5063:
5058:
5055:
5050:
5047:
5042:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5020:
5018:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4966:
4964:Antoni Zygmund
4961:
4956:
4953:
4951:Isadore Singer
4948:
4943:
4940:
4935:
4931:
4929:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4914:Joseph L. Doob
4911:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4895:
4893:George Dantzig
4890:
4885:
4883:John W. Backus
4880:
4877:
4872:
4869:
4864:
4861:
4859:Richard Brauer
4856:
4852:
4850:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4842:
4840:William Feller
4837:
4834:
4829:
4826:
4821:
4818:
4813:
4810:
4805:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4789:
4787:Norbert Wiener
4784:
4780:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4745:Thomas Kailath
4742:
4739:
4734:
4731:
4726:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4704:
4699:
4696:
4691:
4688:
4683:
4680:
4675:
4672:
4667:
4664:
4659:
4656:
4651:
4648:
4643:
4640:
4635:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4613:
4608:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4592:
4587:
4584:
4579:
4576:
4571:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4482:
4477:
4475:H. Bolton Seed
4472:
4467:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4428:
4426:Donald L. Katz
4423:
4418:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4397:Earl R. Parker
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4251:
4246:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4231:Hugh L. Dryden
4228:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4188:
4180:
4179:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4115:
4113:Peter J. Stang
4110:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4089:Marye Anne Fox
4086:
4081:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4065:
4060:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4044:
4042:Tobin J. Marks
4039:
4036:
4031:
4028:
4023:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3971:Stuart A. Rice
3968:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3939:
3934:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3918:
3913:
3910:
3905:
3903:Donald J. Cram
3900:
3897:
3892:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3872:Ronald Breslow
3869:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3814:
3812:Elias J. Corey
3809:
3804:
3799:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3778:
3773:
3771:Carl S. Marvel
3768:
3763:
3758:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3743:Roald Hoffmann
3740:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3704:
3702:
3694:
3693:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3659:Stanley Falkow
3656:
3653:
3651:Rakesh K. Jain
3648:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3454:Gene E. Likens
3451:
3446:
3441:
3439:George F. Bass
3436:
3431:
3428:
3423:
3421:Peter H. Raven
3418:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3355:
3350:
3347:
3345:Alexander Rich
3342:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3326:
3321:
3319:Daniel Nathans
3316:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3300:
3295:
3293:Folke K. Skoog
3290:
3285:
3283:Salvador Luria
3280:
3275:
3273:Elvin A. Kabat
3270:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3186:Katherine Esau
3183:
3180:
3175:
3173:Eric R. Kandel
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3119:
3117:Joan A. Steitz
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3091:
3089:Berta Scharrer
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3056:Seymour Benzer
3053:
3050:
3048:Philip Handler
3045:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2935:Erwin Chargaff
2932:
2930:Britton Chance
2927:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2880:Robert Huebner
2877:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2769:
2767:C. B. van Niel
2764:
2760:
2758:
2750:
2749:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2725:Albert Bandura
2722:
2719:
2717:Robert Axelrod
2714:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2676:
2671:
2668:
2663:
2660:
2658:R. Duncan Luce
2655:
2652:
2647:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2612:
2609:
2607:Paul Samuelson
2604:
2601:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2585:
2580:
2577:
2572:
2569:
2567:Patrick Suppes
2564:
2562:Leonid Hurwicz
2559:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2524:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2486:
2485:
2475:
2474:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2441:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2424:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2382:
2373:
2368:
2353:
2337:
2322:
2306:Colloquium on
2301:
2300:External links
2298:
2295:
2294:
2267:(2): 247–285.
2251:
2230:
2165:
2158:
2138:
2112:
2069:
2034:
2021:10.1086/347504
2015:(1): 128–131.
1996:
1977:(2): 246–247.
1956:
1943:10.1086/347782
1916:
1895:10.1086/283133
1873:
1866:
1846:
1835:on 4 June 2013
1816:
1791:
1774:
1750:
1726:
1700:
1671:(3): 331–332.
1651:
1644:
1624:
1578:
1572:978-0195076912
1571:
1553:
1535:D. persimilis
1520:
1466:
1426:
1399:(3): 778–779.
1380:
1355:
1348:
1330:
1323:
1298:
1260:
1209:
1154:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1091:(3): 311–319.
1076:
1040:(3): 125–129.
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
991:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
939:
932:
915:
908:
901:
895:
886:
877:
874:
862:
859:
842:
839:
799:
796:
787:New York Times
747:Ashley Montagu
742:
739:
695:
690:
520:macroevolution
516:microevolution
479:
476:
444:St. Petersburg
415:(now Nemyriv,
413:Russian Empire
404:
401:
399:
396:
392:Franklin Medal
380:His 1937 work
371:Russian Empire
369:. Born in the
322:
321:
318:
317:
308:
304:
303:
298:
292:
291:
248:
244:
243:
234:
230:
229:
223:
222:
220:
219:
216:Franklin Medal
213:
207:
201:
194:
192:
188:
187:
185:
184:
181:
177:
175:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
149:
145:
144:
142:
138:
137:
132:
131:Known for
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
111:
109:(aged 75)
103:
99:
98:
95:Russian Empire
89:
74:
72:
68:
67:
64:
56:
55:
48:
45:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6371:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6132:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6107:James E. Gunn
6105:
6103:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6039:Edward Witten
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
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5857:Roger Revelle
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5114:Felix Browder
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5090:Stephen Smale
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4582:Ray W. Clough
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4257:Edwin H. Land
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4205:Vannevar Bush
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4121:Allen J. Bard
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4076:JoAnne Stubbe
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4071:Joanna Fowler
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3981:Susan Solomon
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3825:Melvin Calvin
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3808:
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3766:Yuan Tseh Lee
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3761:Harry B. Gray
3759:
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3735:Gilbert Stork
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3643:Bruce Alberts
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3638:May Berenbaum
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3544:Lubert Stryer
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3539:Nina Fedoroff
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3521:Anthony Fauci
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3397:Lynn Margulis
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3392:Jared Diamond
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3332:Thomas Eisner
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3306:Maxine Singer
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3288:Paul A. Marks
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1867:0-231-08306-8
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1393:Slavic Review
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6144:Sidney Drell
5974:Leo Kadanoff
5969:James Cronin
5917:Hans Dehmelt
5852:Robert Pound
5818:Robert Sharp
5634:John Sinfelt
5601:Verner Suomi
5568:Lewis Sarett
5432:Lars Onsager
5376:Henry Eyring
5343:John Bardeen
5085:Richard Karp
5053:Allen Newell
4832:Jerzy Neyman
4457:Tung-Yen Lin
4434:Bill Hewlett
4364:Morris Cohen
3958:John W. Cahn
3859:Karl Folkers
3620:Lucy Shapiro
3570:Elaine Fuchs
3449:Ann Graybiel
3379:Janet Rowley
3361:James Watson
3353:Ruth Patrick
3196:Philip Leder
3066:Mildred Cohn
3014:Severo Ochoa
2991:E. O. Wilson
2774:
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247:Institutions
226:
107:(1975-12-18)
36:
29:Grigorievich
28:
6209:1975 deaths
6204:1900 births
6102:Berni Alder
5909:Frank Press
5790:Walter Kohn
5767:George Pake
5701:Walter Munk
5624:Herman Mark
5606:Henry Taube
5394:Jesse Beams
5348:Peter Debye
5330:Harold Urey
5254:Barry Mazur
4816:John Milnor
4710:Amnon Yariv
4654:Leo Beranek
4480:Ernst Weber
4333:Abel Wolman
3924:Thomas Cech
3854:Elkan Blout
3794:Max Tishler
3711:Roger Adams
3669:Simon Levin
3135:Harry Eagle
2958:Paul Gyorgy
2650:Gary Becker
2248:(1): 76–82.
2085:(4): 1–15.
1719:16 February
1486:(1): 1–16.
1223:Ford, E. B.
831:San Jacinto
289:(1971–1975)
282:(1962–1970)
275:(1928–1940)
261:(1924–1927)
254:(1921–1924)
33:family name
6198:Categories
5896:Vera Rubin
5535:Paul Flory
5196:Hyman Bass
5069:John Cocke
4972:Raoul Bott
4875:Kurt Gödel
4867:John Tukey
4824:Paul Cohen
4439:George Low
4402:Simon Ramo
3625:Leroy Hood
3426:Carl Woese
3374:Bruce Ames
2885:Ernst Mayr
2050:(7): 196.
1937:(2): 181.
1839:2 December
1810:2023-04-21
1768:2023-04-21
1744:2023-04-21
1539:D. miranda
1447:(2): 155.
1441:BioScience
1373:2 December
1295:: 163–213.
1190:(1): 1–7.
1131:References
1113:Recensions
835:California
618:statement
577:Drosophila
508:Drosophila
489:Drosophila
465:Sophie Coe
450:, where a
421:Theodosius
403:Early life
347:geneticist
168:Sophie Coe
83:1900-01-25
37:Dobzhansky
25:patronymic
5891:Val Fitch
4959:Peter Lax
4729:Shu Chien
3976:John Ross
3691:Chemistry
3079:Paul Berg
2471:laureates
2313:biography
2209:1476-4687
1971:Evolution
1687:0022-1503
1500:0066-4197
1421:165064587
1239:: 58–89.
1120:recension
1085:Evolution
1072:207358177
1042:CiteSeerX
1005:cite book
964:Evolution
764:diverging
598:from the
565:gene pool
563:within a
557:evolution
549:, titled
398:Biography
394:in 1973.
367:Christian
339:Ukrainian
5870:Ed Stone
2867:Jay Lush
2389:LibriVox
2359:Archived
2343:Archived
2331:Archived
2316:Archived
2289:86739986
2217:16957709
2107:27698937
2099:26463495
1911:36378854
1695:26086052
1619:17841721
1508:18652542
1280:(1985).
1255:11615738
1225:(1977).
547:genetics
241:genetics
164:Children
51:ForMemRS
2403:Awards
2378:at the
2311:with a
2281:4331661
2241:Skeptic
2187:Bibcode
2131:8 March
2064:4438411
1991:2405629
1903:2459974
1829:Bga.org
1611:2885197
1591:Science
1513:8 March
1461:1297333
1413:2501792
1368:Nsf.gov
1105:2405795
1064:4444260
900:(1954).
851:science
478:America
436:beetles
417:Ukraine
409:Nemirov
331:Russian
174:Parents
158:
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233:Fields
218:(1973)
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206:(1959)
200:(1941)
191:Awards
141:Spouse
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6134:2010s
5983:2000s
5832:1990s
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2493:1960s
2423:1973
2285:S2CID
2277:JSTOR
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2103:S2CID
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2025:JSTOR
1987:JSTOR
1947:JSTOR
1907:S2CID
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1457:JSTOR
1417:S2CID
1409:JSTOR
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1180:(PDF)
1101:JSTOR
1068:S2CID
1060:JSTOR
1030:(PDF)
876:Books
545:with
152:(
148:
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6158:2012
6140:2011
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