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The Story of Temple Drake

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447: 554: 29: 611:(1932). Hopkins' mother was reportedly upset that her daughter was portraying a rape victim. Hopkins herself would continually cite the role as one of her personal favorites due to its emotional complexity: "That Temple Drake, now, there was a thing. Just give me a nice un-standardized wretch like Temple three times a year! Give me the complex ladies, and I'll interpret the daylights out of them." 634:, a sketch artist and technical advisor at Paramount, helped design and orchestrate the film's rape sequence. Though the film only suggests the rape, as the scene concludes with Trigger approaching Temple, followed by her scream, Hopkins recalled that Negulesco had extensively "planned how it could be done...  If you can call a rape artistically done, it was." 674:
reshoot the rape sequence in a barn, and mandated that no footage of a corncob could be shown. The scenes at Reba's home were also "portrayed too graphically," according to the Hays Office, and they ordered Paramount to excise footage and dialogue that indicated that the home was a brothel. It was now portrayed, despite nude statuary, as a
336:. Fearing that Trigger will kill Stephen, Temple falsely assures Stephen that she willingly went with him. Stephen believes her, and serves them summons for Tommy's murder trial. After Stephen leaves, Temple tries to escape, only to be attacked by Trigger. In the melee, Temple wrests his gun and shoots him to death. 708:
Several protests and critical articles in newspapers appeared after the production company had purchased the rights before the release of the film. Phillips wrote that some critics, while acknowledging the murder of Trigger would be justifiable, believed that it was wrong for the film to justify it.
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in the city run by a woman named Reba. Meanwhile, Toddy awakens in a warehouse and skips town. Newspapers erroneously report that the missing Temple has traveled to Pennsylvania to visit family. At the speakeasy, Lee is arrested for Tommy's murder, and Stephen is appointed as his lawyer. Fearing for
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at the speakeasy, forces Temple and Toddy into the house. Toddy, drunk and injured, attempts to fight off another drunk, who has grabbed at Temple, but the drunk knocks him unconscious. Temple tries to flee, but Trigger insists she spend the night. Lee's wife, Ruby, suggests that Temple sleep in the
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wrote that the characterization of Temple differs from that of the novel version, and that the film gives her a "dual nature", dark and light. Phillips wrote that she is "better" morally than the novel character. According to Pre-Code scholar Thomas Doherty, the film implies that the deeds done to
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town, refuses to marry her lawyer boyfriend, Stephen Benbow. This earns her a reputation in the town as a seductress. On the night of a town dance, Temple declines Stephen's proposal for a second time, and instead goes out with one of her suitors, Toddy Gowan. Toddy, who has been drinking, crashes
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held captive by a gang member and rapist. As the public felt the novel had a racy reputation, the film received a new title as the plot had been made more mild and to avoid associating it with the source work. Despite this, even before filming had begun, it was publicly condemned by U.S. women's
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during the assault; the sequence also featured shots in which the corncob is picked up by Trigger and examined after the rape. These shots were allegedly only supposed to be included in rushes and not in the final cut, but were considered obscene enough that the Hays Office ordered Paramount to
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Temple returns to her hometown, and near the conclusion of the trial, she begs Stephen to dismiss her from testifying. He denies her wish, and forces her to take the stand in court, but, out of his love for her, he is unable to question her about Trigger. Despite his lack of questioning, Temple
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was initially cast as the male lead of Trigger, but dropped out of the production, which resulted in his being temporarily suspended by Paramount. Raft felt taking the role would be "screen suicide" as the character had no redeemable qualities, and also demanded a salary of $ 2 million. He was
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openly confesses everything that happened, including her witnessing Tommy's murder, her rape, and her murder of Trigger. At the end of her confession, she loses consciousness, and Stephen carries her out of the courtroom.
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stated that "presumably" to make it more believable that he is "ineffectual" with her, he was changed into being her grandfather. For a short period before the film went into production, it was tentatively titled
658:, who was in charge of public relations for the Hays Office, stated the finished film was so tame in comparison to Faulkner's novel that patrons who had read it and watched the film would "charge us with fraud." 867: 630:, California. According to biographer Allan Ellenberger, the mood on the set was "gloomy" due to the dark subject matter, and the cast members frequently played pranks on one another to lighten the mood. 1316: 268:. Though some of the more salacious elements of the source novel were not included, the film was still considered so indecent that it helped give rise to the strict enforcement of the 791:
but he decided that, in Degenfelder's words, "Temple's reinterpretation would be dramatic and worthwhile." Degenfelder believes that he may have gotten inspiration for the sequel,
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the fact the film ultimately "did little for La Rue’s career... served to give Raft a false idea of the quality of his instincts when it came to script selection. "
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premiered theatrically in the United States on May 12, 1933. According to film historian Lou Sabini, it was one of the highest-earning films of the year.
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Miriam Hopkins, who was cast in the titular role of Temple Drake, was a newcomer at the time of filming, and had only begun establishing herself in two
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largely remained unavailable to the public after its initial theatrical release, never even receiving television airings in the United States. The
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Several alterations were made to the screenplay that deviated from the source material: For example, in the novel, the judge is Temple's father;
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was similarly unimpressed, describing the film as "deliberately sordid, unsympathetic, and nearly offensive," as well as "crudely realistic."
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his life, Lee refuses to implicate Trigger in Tommy's murder. Ruby, however, directs Stephen to search for Trigger at Reba's home.
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on June 14, 1933, stated that the film producers also consulted Faulkner; statements about this are not present in the credits.
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The credits only stated that Faulkner wrote the original novel. Robert Littell, who wrote a review of the film published in
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At dawn, Trigger shoots Tommy to death before raping Temple in the barn. Trigger proceeds to kidnap Temple, making her his
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Temple are in recompense for her immorality in falling into a relationship with the gangster instead of fleeing him.
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who falls into the hands of a brutal gangster and rapist. It was adapted from the highly controversial 1931 novel
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Because the film was considered so scandalous, it has been credited with spurring the strict enforcement of the
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In March 1933, the Hays Office recommended several cuts be made before the film was released, with the central
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deemed it "shoddy, obnoxiously disagreeable...  trashy, sex-plugged piece." Edwin Schallert of the
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scene being of utmost concern. In the original cut (and in Faulkner's novel), Temple's rape occurs in a
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heralded the cast as "well chosen," also adding that "Miss Hopkins delivers a capital portrayal."
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The relatively upbeat ending of the film is in marked contrast to the ending of Faulkner's novel
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also praised Hopkins' performance as "outstanding," and also praised La Rue as "excellent."
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Stephen tracks down Trigger to Reba's address, and finds Temple there, dressed in a
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Degenfelder, E. Pauline (Winter 1976). "The Four Faces of Temple Drake: Faulkner's
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Some critics were more favorable in their responses, such as Martin Dickson of the
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Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema 1930-1934
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released the film for the first time on DVD and Blu-ray in December 2019.
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Temple Drake, the reckless granddaughter of a prominent judge in a small
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Faulkner stated that initially he wished to end the plot at the end of
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restored the film in 2011 and subsequently screened it to the public.
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for Paramount who had garnered some notice for his performance in a
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Schallert, Edwin (June 3, 1933). "Temple Drake's Story Relate".
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barn, and arranges for a young man named Tommy to stand watch.
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began in mid-February 1933 on the Paramount Studio lot in
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lambasted the film, describing it as "trash," while the
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run by a man named Lee Goodwin. Trigger, a gangster and
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Miriam Hopkins: Life and Films of a Hollywood Rebel
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Miriam Hopkins was cast as the titular Temple Drake
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Pauline Degenfelder of 1813:Films about prostitution in the United States 1616: 1141:"Prostitution and Film Censorship in the USA" 470:to the film's basis, the controversial novel 669:, and she is at one point penetrated with a 1454: 1388: 1231: 1125: 1110: 1098: 1086: 1050: 975: 963: 936: 907: 565:ultimately replaced by Jack La Rue, then a 275:Long unseen except in bootleg 16mm prints, 1623: 1609: 27: 1243: 1065:"Why Stars Stop Being Stars: George Raft" 1823:Films based on works by William Faulkner 1526: 1479: 1219: 1137: 987: 951: 895: 801:due to common elements between the two. 779:for the first time on December 3, 2019. 552: 507: 445: 1427: 1328: 1326: 1319:from the original on November 20, 2019. 1260: 999: 870:from the original on November 20, 2019. 1780: 1507: 1347:from the original on February 7, 2017. 1207: 1192: 1033: 919: 883: 848: 846: 1604: 1332: 844: 842: 840: 838: 836: 834: 832: 830: 828: 826: 1587:The Story of Temple Drake: Notorious 1512:. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media. 1323: 1301: 1062: 703: 395:as Judge Drake, Temple's grandfather 536:herself in court, resulting in the 13: 1888:English-language crime drama films 1737:(adapted to Trigger and Candy Man) 1335:"Temple Drake: Was She Ever Lost?" 1063:Vagg, Stephen (February 9, 2020). 823: 14: 1899: 1828:Films directed by Stephen Roberts 1546: 1397:, and the Two Film Adaptations". 1428:Doherty, Thomas Patrick (1999). 1333:Morra, Anne (December 8, 2011). 1261:Dickson, Martin (May 22, 1933). 283:and re-premiered in 2011 at the 1853:American rape and revenge films 1351: 1295: 1275: 1254: 1237: 1159: 1131: 1056: 1005: 450:The film is based on the novel 1818:Films based on American novels 1798:American black-and-white films 1455:Ellenberger, Allan R. 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Hays 646: 623: 618: 606: 600: 594: 587: 585: 574: 560: 529: 527: 522: 511: 499: 497: 486: 471: 461: 451: 393:Guy Standing 389:as Miss Reba 355:Temple Drake 338: 331: 319: 298: 276: 274: 259: 252:Temple Drake 230: 229: 228: 203:Running time 180:Release date 131:John Leipold 59: 1751:Inspiration 1495:: 263–273. 1208:Sabini 2017 1193:Sabini 2017 1034:Sabini 2017 920:Sabini 2017 884:Sabini 2017 628:Los Angeles 605:(1931) and 576:Diamond Lil 562:George Raft 442:Development 420:James Mason 360:Jack La Rue 301:Mississippi 248:Jack La Rue 108:Karl Struss 95:Jack La Rue 73:Produced by 36:Directed by 1788:1933 films 1782:Categories 1723:Characters 1152:2020-07-05 817:References 756:Home media 693:Box office 643:Censorship 567:bit player 476:(1931) by 458:(pictured) 437:Production 314:bootlegger 306:plantation 207:71 minutes 191:1933-05-06 156:Production 121:Karl Hajos 1766:Cargo 200 1694:Sanctuary 1659:Sanctuary 1637:Sanctuary 1391:Sanctuary 789:Sanctuary 687:Hays Code 667:corn crib 652:Sanctuary 579:opposite 530:Sanctuary 482:debutante 473:Sanctuary 462:In 1932, 452:Sanctuary 428:as Minnie 310:speakeasy 270:Hays Code 261:Sanctuary 61:Sanctuary 1581:AllMovie 1501:43795435 1345:Archived 1317:Archived 1172:AllMovie 1148:(2): C/7 868:Archived 805:See also 671:corn cob 581:Mae West 571:Broadway 538:lynching 534:perjures 334:negligee 322:gun moll 236:pre-Code 220:Language 114:Music by 83:Starring 56:Based on 1705:Theater 1594:at the 1557:at the 1421:2712288 1383:Sources 1069:Filmink 797:, from 773:Blu-ray 680:chippie 638:Release 615:Filming 599:films: 589:Filmink 549:Casting 364:Trigger 326:brothel 223:English 212:Country 189: ( 158:company 1735:Popeye 1697:(1961) 1689:(1933) 1670:(1951) 1662:(1931) 1651:Novels 1535:  1516:  1499:  1469:  1444:  1419:  783:Legacy 468:rights 422:as Van 416:as Pap 1497:JSTOR 1491:(2). 1438:117–8 1417:JSTOR 454:, by 1678:Film 1640:and 1570:IMDb 1533:ISBN 1514:ISBN 1467:ISBN 1442:ISBN 1372:2019 1180:2019 775:and 663:rape 344:Cast 295:Plot 246:and 1634:'s 1579:at 1568:at 1409:doi 777:DVD 746:of 622:of 516:of 362:as 353:as 264:by 65:by 1784:: 1487:. 1465:. 1440:. 1415:. 1405:28 1403:. 1393:, 1361:. 1343:. 1337:. 1325:^ 1309:. 1285:. 1265:. 1200:^ 1169:. 1144:. 1118:^ 1077:^ 1067:. 1041:^ 1024:^ 944:^ 927:^ 876:^ 866:. 856:. 825:^ 689:. 583:. 525:. 495:. 287:. 272:. 1624:e 1617:t 1610:v 1541:. 1522:. 1503:. 1489:1 1475:. 1450:. 1423:. 1411:: 1374:. 1182:. 1155:. 1071:. 193:)

Index


Stephen Roberts
Oliver H.P. Garrett
Sanctuary
William Faulkner
Benjamin Glazer
Miriam Hopkins
Jack La Rue
Karl Struss
Karl Hajos
Bernhard Kaun
John Leipold
Ralph Rainger
Black and white
Paramount Pictures
pre-Code
Stephen Roberts
Miriam Hopkins
Jack La Rue
Temple Drake
American South
Sanctuary
William Faulkner
Hays Code
Museum of Modern Art
TCM Classic Film Festival
The Criterion Collection
Mississippi
plantation
speakeasy

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