42:
1197:
181:
1207:
555:
92:
301:, violating a state statute prohibiting the distribution of obscene materials. Newsstands were subsequently notified by the city's Department of Licenses that continuing to sell the magazines would result in losing their licenses. Initial appeals were unsuccessful, but six years later a New York appeals court found that the city's action was an unconstitutional act of
328:
ruled against the magazine, writing that the "American people are a clothed race", and identifying certain particular photographs as objectionable, such as a side view of a nude man with "the corona of his penis ... clearly discernible". The case was appealed to the
District of Columbia Court of
262:
reports of meeting and conventions, reports of officers, the "Olympic Games" of the movement, public relations theories for the expansion of nudism, reports of regional associations and local clubs, conflicts between nudism and the law, expositions of nudism for the advancement of physical and mental
204:
sold 10,000 copies, and the subsequent issue sold 50,000. Given that the magazine's circulation far exceeded the
International Nudist Conference's total membership, and that most copies were sold at newsstands rather than by subscription, it is believed that many readers bought the magazine for
267:
The photographs in the same issues were described as a combination of "action pictures showing nudists in their camp activities, rowing, hitting volley balls, building fires, etc." as well as photos of "shapely and attractive young women in alluring poses". The judge noted that cover photos
226:
magazine went bankrupt in 1963. Its decline has been attributed to increasing competition from more explicitly pornographic periodicals which emerged in the wake of a series of court rulings which relaxed the legal definition of obscenity, including its own
Supreme Court victory in
289:
Between 1948 and 1956, the magazine faced three separate investigations by the Post Office, in which issues were seized under suspicion of being nonmailable. Each case was eventually dismissed, but the effect on the magazine's distribution caused a significant financial burden.
220:, as it was enjoyed by American soldiers as pornographic gratification, and the magazine increasingly used suggestive poses to appeal to this audience. Because it also included nude men, the magazine could also serve as a covert source of gratification for gay soldiers.
246:
to obscure them as necessary. Beginning around 1943, the magazine gradually relaxed this self-censorship policy, with photos increasingly including visible pubic hair and genitals (initially from a distance).
319:
In
January 1955, Boone's Sunshine Book Company filed a complaint in US district court seeking an injunction to stop the Post Office's continued seizure of the magazine. They were represented by attorneys
168:(secretary of the Conference) was named as managing editor. Later, Boone's daughter, Margaret A. B. Pulis would also serve as editor. As of the early 1950s, the magazine's operations were based in
335:
review, and the
District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals again reversed the earlier decision, finding in favour of the government by a 5–3 vote. Finally, the publisher appealed to the
145:(1958). The subsequent weakening of obscenity enforcement ultimately hurt the magazine's circulation, as more sexually explicit magazines out-competed it, and it went bankrupt in 1963.
286:
In 1946, postal inspectors began an investigation of those placing letters and pen-pal notices in the magazine, suspecting them of sending nude photographs through the mail.
1241:
239:
The magazine included a combination of reporting related to the nudist movement and photographs of nudist men, women and children engaging in various activities.
119:
magazine published from 1933 until 1963. It has been described as the "flagship magazine" of the nudist movement in the US. It was published monthly, and sold at
953:
998:
976:
559:
1251:
439:
Hoffman, B. (2010). "'A Certain Amount of
Prudishness': Nudist Magazines and the Liberalisation of American Obscenity Law, 1947–58".
993:
1246:
1236:
971:
961:
515:
966:
617:
242:
In a concession to postal authorities, the magazine initially avoided depictions of visible genitalia or pubic hair, using
878:
135:
160:, which was founded in 1931 and later became the National Nudism Organization. At the launch of the magazine in 1933,
943:
402:
1008:
916:
589:
698:
157:
981:
1106:
693:
1231:
1154:
873:
532:
127:
403:"The First Amendment and the Roots of LGBT Rights Law: Censorship in the Early Homophile Era, 1958–1962"
1089:
1074:
17:
329:
Appeals, which overturned the decision by a 2–1 vote in May of 1956. The government petitioned for an
888:
622:
986:
715:
169:
790:
656:
649:
353:
was handed down on
January 13, 1958, finding in favour of the publisher, citing the earlier case
1111:
1084:
803:
1116:
938:
355:
325:
1184:
1061:
825:
725:
582:
490:
8:
1131:
1036:
361:
340:
161:
858:
134:, which repeatedly attempted to declare it nonmailable. This culminated in a favourable
1179:
1136:
1121:
1051:
1046:
853:
705:
644:
462:
372:
349:
293:
In New York City in 1951, several newsstand clerks were arrested for selling copies of
141:
1206:
815:
763:
612:
511:
448:
1169:
1126:
883:
629:
503:
444:
336:
209:. The magazine attempted to gain a more respectable image by changing its name to
1201:
898:
848:
634:
575:
306:
302:
1101:
1041:
661:
280:
131:
180:
41:
1225:
1211:
1174:
1159:
1096:
1021:
911:
808:
798:
738:
733:
671:
321:
97:
126:
Though popular, the magazine faced a series of legal challenges relating to
1031:
1026:
1016:
933:
863:
830:
367:
217:
165:
1079:
928:
683:
243:
1164:
1069:
923:
906:
868:
780:
753:
710:
688:
193:
120:
820:
770:
748:
840:
775:
758:
365:, which concerned similar actions taken by the Post Office against
554:
743:
678:
639:
331:
598:
192:
as a subtitle. During this era, photographs such as these were
123:
as well as being distributed by subscription through the mail.
116:
407:
William & Mary
Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice
258:(also produced by Boone, but with an international scope) as:
250:
A judge described the literary content of some 1951 issues of
666:
205:
sexual titillation, rather than out of an interest in nudism
359:. On the same day, the court issued a similar decision in
279:
faced a number of legal challenges, particularly from the
567:
508:
Buying Gay: How
Physique Entrepreneurs Sparked a Movement
164:(the president of the Conference) served as editor, and
216:
The magazine saw a large increase in popularity during
87:
312:
184:As of 1938, the magazine was still under the title
1242:Defunct magazines published in the United States
1223:
263:health, religious justifications of nudism, etc.
583:
530:
268:invariably belonged to the second category.
396:
394:
392:
390:
388:
175:
590:
576:
196:to avoid visible genitalia and pubic hair.
40:
496:
480:
478:
476:
434:
432:
430:
428:
426:
424:
422:
420:
418:
416:
489: (N.Y. Sup. 25 April 1952),
385:
179:
510:. New York: Columbia University Press.
502:
438:
400:
14:
1224:
473:
413:
571:
618:Prehistory of nakedness and clothing
561:Sunshine Book Company v. Summerfield
46:Cover of the January 1951 issue of
24:
533:"Nudist Magazines Win Mail Rights"
531:Anthony Lewis (January 14, 1958).
148:
25:
1263:
547:
271:
1252:Magazines disestablished in 1968
1205:
1196:
1195:
553:
449:10.1111/j.1468-0424.2010.01611.x
314:Sunshine Book Co. v. Summerfield
229:Sunshine Book Co. v. Summerfield
90:
158:International Nudist Conference
524:
486:Sunshine Book Co. v. McCaffrey
455:
371:, a magazine dedicated to the
13:
1:
1247:Magazines established in 1933
1237:Naturism in the United States
1107:Nudity in American television
378:
305:, violating the publisher's
7:
1155:Imagery of nude celebrities
879:Social nudity organizations
10:
1268:
1090:Nudity in live performance
597:
401:Shepard, Jason M. (2019).
234:
1193:
1147:
1060:
1007:
952:
897:
889:Timeline of social nudity
839:
789:
724:
623:Nakedness and colonialism
605:
156:was a publication of the
78:
70:
62:
54:
39:
944:Clothing-optional events
716:Clothing laws by country
324:and Josiah Lyman. Judge
176:Circulation and audience
170:Mays Landing, New Jersey
130:, particularly from the
1009:Social nudity advocates
791:Issues in social nudity
657:Breastfeeding in public
254:and sister publication
1112:Nudity in music videos
1085:Nude photography (art)
804:Sexual objectification
606:Nakedness and clothing
265:
197:
1122:Nudity in advertising
1117:Nudity in print media
917:Nude swimming classes
356:Roth v. United States
348:Sunshine Book Co. v.
326:James Robert Kirkland
295:Sunshine & Health
277:Sunshine & Health
260:
252:Sunshine & Health
224:Sunshine & Health
211:Sunshine & Health
190:Sunshine & Health
183:
140:Sunshine Book Co. v.
106:Sunshine & Health
48:Sunshine & Health
34:Sunshine & Health
1185:Softcore pornography
1062:Depictions of nudity
826:Wardrobe malfunction
726:Nudity and sexuality
441:Gender & History
1132:Glamour photography
1080:Nude modeling (art)
1037:Henry S. Huntington
362:One, Inc. v. Olesen
200:The first issue of
162:Henry S. Huntington
36:
1232:Naturist magazines
1180:Nude psychotherapy
1137:Erotic photography
1052:Richard Ungewitter
1047:Elton Raymond Shaw
884:Anarchist naturism
874:Naturist magazines
854:Christian naturism
706:Nudity and protest
645:Nudity in religion
537:The New York Times
373:homophile movement
198:
115:) was an American
32:
1219:
1218:
816:Indecent exposure
764:Feminist stripper
558:The full text of
517:978-0-231-18911-8
504:Johnson, David K.
86:
85:
16:(Redirected from
1259:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1170:Nudity in combat
1127:Nude photography
859:Freikörperkultur
630:Childhood nudity
592:
585:
578:
569:
568:
557:
541:
540:
528:
522:
521:
500:
494:
488:
482:
471:
470:
459:
453:
452:
436:
411:
410:
398:
337:US Supreme Court
100:
95:
94:
93:
44:
37:
31:
21:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1189:
1143:
1056:
1003:
948:
899:Nude recreation
893:
849:Naturist resort
835:
785:
720:
635:Sex segregation
601:
596:
550:
545:
544:
529:
525:
518:
501:
497:
484:
483:
474:
469:. July 8, 1933.
461:
460:
456:
437:
414:
399:
386:
381:
317:
307:First Amendment
303:prior restraint
274:
237:
188:, but included
178:
151:
149:Editorial staff
96:
91:
89:
50:
30:
29:Nudist magazine
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1265:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1217:
1216:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1102:Nudity in film
1099:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1066:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1042:Heinrich Pudor
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1013:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
990:
989:
984:
974:
969:
964:
958:
956:
950:
949:
947:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
920:
919:
909:
903:
901:
895:
894:
892:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
845:
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
812:
811:
806:
795:
793:
787:
786:
784:
783:
778:
773:
768:
767:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
736:
730:
728:
722:
721:
719:
718:
713:
708:
703:
702:
701:
696:
686:
681:
676:
675:
674:
664:
662:Public bathing
659:
654:
653:
652:
642:
637:
632:
627:
626:
625:
620:
609:
607:
603:
602:
595:
594:
587:
580:
572:
566:
565:
549:
548:External links
546:
543:
542:
523:
516:
495:
472:
467:The New Yorker
454:
412:
383:
382:
380:
377:
316:
311:
281:US Post Office
273:
272:Legal troubles
270:
236:
233:
177:
174:
150:
147:
132:US Post Office
102:
101:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
45:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1264:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1175:Nudity clause
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:Nude calendar
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1097:Body painting
1095:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1022:Lee Baxandall
1020:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1000:
999:South America
997:
995:
992:
988:
985:
983:
982:San Francisco
980:
979:
978:
977:North America
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
957:
955:
951:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
918:
915:
914:
913:
912:Nude swimming
910:
908:
905:
904:
902:
900:
896:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
842:
838:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
810:
809:Pornification
807:
805:
802:
801:
800:
799:Sexualization
797:
796:
794:
792:
788:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
740:
739:Exhibitionism
737:
735:
734:Intimate part
732:
731:
729:
727:
723:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
700:
699:United States
697:
695:
692:
691:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
673:
672:Finnish sauna
670:
669:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
651:
648:
647:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
614:
611:
610:
608:
604:
600:
593:
588:
586:
581:
579:
574:
573:
570:
564:at Wikisource
563:
562:
556:
552:
551:
538:
534:
527:
519:
513:
509:
505:
499:
492:
487:
481:
479:
477:
468:
464:
458:
450:
446:
442:
435:
433:
431:
429:
427:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
408:
404:
397:
395:
393:
391:
389:
384:
376:
374:
370:
369:
364:
363:
358:
357:
352:
351:
345:
343:
338:
334:
333:
327:
323:
322:O. John Rogge
315:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
287:
284:
282:
278:
269:
264:
259:
257:
253:
248:
245:
240:
232:
230:
225:
221:
219:
214:
212:
208:
203:
195:
191:
187:
182:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
146:
144:
143:
137:
136:Supreme Court
133:
129:
124:
122:
118:
114:
113:
108:
107:
99:
98:Nudity portal
88:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
43:
38:
35:
27:
19:
1210:
1200:
1032:Ilsley Boone
1027:Paul Bindrim
1017:Kurt Barthel
939:Nude beaches
934:Nude wedding
864:Gay naturism
831:Strip search
560:
536:
526:
507:
498:
485:
466:
457:
440:
406:
366:
360:
354:
347:
341:
330:
318:
313:
299:SUN Magazine
298:
294:
292:
288:
285:
276:
275:
266:
261:
256:SUN Magazine
255:
251:
249:
241:
238:
228:
223:
222:
218:World War II
215:
210:
206:
201:
199:
189:
185:
166:Ilsley Boone
153:
152:
139:
138:decision in
125:
111:
110:
109:(originally
105:
104:
103:
47:
33:
26:
954:By location
929:Naked party
684:Toplessness
350:Summerfield
244:airbrushing
142:Summerfield
71:Final issue
63:First issue
1226:Categories
1165:Naked News
1070:Nude (art)
924:Naked yoga
907:Nude beach
869:Gymnosophy
781:Candaulism
754:Striptease
711:Dress code
689:Topfreedom
379:References
342:per curiam
339:. A short
202:The Nudist
194:airbrushed
186:The Nudist
154:The Nudist
121:newsstands
112:The Nudist
82:New Jersey
18:The Nudist
821:Obscenity
771:Voyeurism
749:Streaking
128:obscenity
55:Frequency
1202:Category
1148:See also
841:Naturism
776:Anasyrma
759:Stripper
506:(2019).
463:"Nekkid"
344:decision
309:rights.
79:Based in
1075:History
994:Oceania
987:Seattle
744:Mooning
679:Massage
640:Modesty
613:History
332:en banc
235:Content
58:monthly
1212:Portal
972:Europe
962:Africa
694:Canada
599:Nudity
514:
207:per se
117:nudist
667:Sauna
650:Awrah
967:Asia
512:ISBN
491:Text
297:and
74:1963
66:1933
445:doi
368:ONE
346:in
1228::
535:.
475:^
465:.
443:.
415:^
405:.
387:^
375:.
283:.
231:.
213:.
172:.
591:e
584:t
577:v
539:.
520:.
493:.
451:.
447::
409:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
