208:
plants in
Detroit where white workers sometimes struck to protest the promotion of black workers to production jobs. It also worked on this issue in shipyards in Alabama, mass transit in Philadelphia, and steel plants in Baltimore. The CIO leadership, particularly those in more left unions such as the Packinghouse Workers, the UAW, the NMU and the Transport Workers, undertook serious efforts to suppress hate strikes and to educate their membership. Those unions contrasted their relatively bold attack on the problem with the timidity and racism of the AFL.
551:. In 1943, Woody Guthrie wrote and published his famous semi-autobiographical book "Bound for Glory". Later that year he joined the Merchant Marines with fellow (non- Almanac) folksinger Cisco Houston, and would be drafted into the army until late 1945; Woody afterwards performed solo and with others (but not as part of an organized band) until becoming progressively overcome by Huntington's Disease in the mid 1950s. The other founding Almanac members Pete Seeger and Lee Hays became President and Executive Secretary, respectively, of
411:"warmongers" and the "isolationists" (and the points between). Before every booking we had to decide: were we going to sing some of our hardest-hitting and most eloquent songs, all of which were antiwar, and if we weren't, what would we sing anyway? ... We hoped the next headline would not challenge our entire roster of poetic ideas. Woody Guthrie wrote a song that mournfully stated: "I started out to write a song to the entire population / But no sooner than I got the words down, here come a brand new situation".
406:(2008), that for her part, she had taken the pacifist oath as a girl out of repugnance for what she thought was the senseless brutality of the First World War (a sentiment shared by many) and that she took the oath very seriously. However, she said that events were happening so fast, and such terrible news was coming out about German atrocities, that the Almanacs hardly knew what to believe from one day to the next, and they found themselves adjusting their topical repertoire on a daily basis.
1070:
should be used on a broadcast with the only live talent. Something, I am sure, will come of that. I told him that you all could make a new song about any assigned subject at the drop of a banjo"(quoted in R. Cohen, 2002). In the same letter he urged that the group, if it was to change its name, choose something more associated with folk music than "The
Headline Singers", which Guthrie was contemplating. The album was not released until May of that year.
231:'s Grapes of Wrath Evening, a benefit for displaced migrant workers, in March 1940. That year, Seeger joined Guthrie on a trip to Texas and California to visit Guthrie's relatives. Hays and Lampell had rented a New York City apartment together in October 1940, and on his return Seeger moved in with them. They called their apartment Almanac House, and it became a center for leftist intellectuals as well as crash pad for folksingers, including (in 1942)
200:. For this was the age of the CIO, the years that one historian has called 'the largest sustained surge of worker organization in American history'". "By the early 1940s," he continues, "the CIO was dominated by new unions in the metalworking industries--the United Autoworkers, the United Steel Workers, and the United Electrical Workers--and '
1069:
was here, and took a copy of "Taking it Easy" with the intention of getting it played on their network. He promised to . . . get your permission first. The other night I played the stuff for Bobby
Strauss, who is Director of Information for OEM, and he was delighted and said he thought that the thing
543:
threat to recruitment and the morale of the war effort among blacks and youth, and they were hounded by hostile reviews, exposure of their
Communist ties and negative coverage in the New York press, like the headline "Commie Singers try to Infiltrate Radio". They disbanded in late 1942 or early 1943.
246:
Loyalists at the Jade
Mountain restaurant in New York City. According to a 1965 interview with Lee Hays by Richard Reuss, Seeger, Hays, and Lampell sang at an American Youth Congress held at Turner's Arena in Washington, D.C., in February 1941, at which sponsors had requested songs constructed around
516:
Now, as I think of our great land . . . / I know it ain't perfect, but it will be someday, / Just give us a little time. // This is the reason that I want to fight, / Not 'cause everything's perfect, or everything's right. / No, it's just the opposite: I'm fightin' because / I want a better
America,
285:
They invented a driving, energetic performing style, based on what they felt was the best of
American country string band music, black and white. They wore street clothes, which was unheard of in an era when entertainers routinely wore formal, night-club attire, and they invited the audience to join
1064:
On
January 21, 1942, Alan Lomax wrote the following to Woody Guthrie: “I played the Almanac songs the other day for Mrs. Roosevelt, and she thought they were swell, and asked for copies of the records. She is playing them for her OCD staff, and I think their fame will be spread abroad. Besides, the
410:
Every day, it seemed, another once-stable
European political reality would fall to the rapidly expanding Nazi armies, and the agonies of the death camps were beginning to reach our ears. The Almanacs, as self-defined commentators, were inevitably affected by the intense national debate between the
207:
In late 1940 and early 1941 (before
America entered World War II) rearmament was putting an end to a decade of unemployment; and labor was at its most militant. As the CIO fought racial discrimination in hiring, it had to confront deep racial divides in its own membership, particularly in the UAW
379:, and during the period of re-armament in 1941, were now vying for government contracts to build up the defenses of the U.S. Besides being anti-union, these corporations were a focus of progressive and black activist anger because they barred blacks from employment in defense work.
938:
Those were the days of Hitler's aerial blitz of Britain and Stalin's invasion of Finland. A large section of the American (and English and French) public was still hoping to sic Hitler on Stalin, and let the two rival dictatorships fight it out and leave the democracies alone.
526:
So, Mr. President, / We got this one big job to do / That's lick Mr. Hitler and when we're through, / Let no one else ever take his place / To trample down the human race. / So what I want is you to give me a gun / So we can hurry up and get the job
579:, then began singing together again at fund-raising folk dances, with a repertoire geared to international folk music. The new singing group, appearing for a while in 1949 under the rubric, "The Nameless Quartet", changed their name to
431:(The Fair Employment Act) banning racial discrimination by corporations receiving federal defense contracts. The racial situation, which had threatened black support for the peacetime draft, was now somewhat defused (even though the
323:
in U.S. history. Recorded in February or March 1941 and issued in May, it comprised four songs written by Millard Lampell and two by Seeger and Hays (including "Plow Under") that followed the Communist Party line (after the 1939
510:
Now, Mr. President, / We haven't always agreed in the past, I know, / But that ain't at all important now. / What is important is what we got to do, / We got to lick Mr. Hitler, and until we do, / Other things can wait.//
362:
came out under the imprint "Almanac Records", and Bernay insisted that the performers themselves (in this case Pete Seeger, Millard Lampell, Josh White, and Sam Gary, an interracial group) pay for the costs of production.
460:
magazine, nevertheless. It was reissued by Folkways in 1955 with additional songs and is still available today. The Almanacs also issued two albums of traditional folk songs with no political content in 1941: an album of
544:
It has been suggested that the popularity and credibility of the group were affected by the constantly changing policies of the Communist Party and uncertainty about where their music stood in relation to these changes.
426:
On June 25, 1941, Roosevelt, under pressure from black leaders, who were threatening a massive march on Washington against segregation in the army and the exclusion of blacks from factories doing defense work, signed
947:(later succeeding FDR as U.S. President), is supposed to have said that we should try to get Hitler and Stalin fighting each other and then help the one that's losing. Then they'd both finish each other off. —
788:(Lanham, Maryland and London: Scarecrow Press, 2000), p. 150 and note, p. 175. The Youth Congress of the previous year, a rally for jobs, had been held on the grounds of the White House. On that occasion,
204:' was not simply a kind of unionism but a kind of social reconstruction". It is in the context of this social movement that the story of the Almanac Singers, which formed in early 1941, ought to be seen.
820:"'Hold on', said Lee . 'Back where I come from, a family had two books. The Bible to help 'em to the next world. The Almanac, to help 'em through the present world. We've got an Almanac. Of course, most
247:
the slogan "Don't Lend or Lease our Bases" and "Jim Crow must Go". Shortly after this, they decided to call themselves the Almanacs. They chose the name because Lee Hays had said that back home in
954:
When Pete was preparing to write his autobiography, Helen Travis, a friend of his from that era, showed how Party members justified the changing line to themselves when she wrote :
642:(Stinson/Asch, 1940). This album was not credited to the Almanac Singers, but to several individuals who were members of the band (Pete Seeger, Bess Lomax, and Butch Hawes) along with
1085:, the FBI also came after Billie Holiday, when she sang a pacifist song in the middle of the war, forcing her manager to make her change her repertoire. See Denning (1997), p. 343.
998:
The review, published Sept. 15, 1941 in a column entitled "September Records", recalled the Almanac's anti-war album earlier that year, noting tartly: "Their recorded collection
521:, and no more rules like / "You can't ride on this train 'cause you're a Negro," / "You can't live here 'cause you're a Jew,"/ "You can't work here 'cause you're a union man."//
196:
Cultural historian Michael Denning writes, "The base of the Popular Front was labor movement, the organization of millions of industrial workers into the new unions of the
1545:
251:
farmers had only two books in their houses: the Bible, to guide and prepare them for life in the next world, and the Almanac, to tell them about conditions in this one."
1098:
broadcast, 'This is War'. But the next day a headline in a major New York newspaper said 'Commie Singers try to Infiltrate Radio,' and that was the last job we got" (
1002:, ably hewed to the then Moscow line, neatly phonograph-needled J. P. Morgan, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and, particularly, war (TIME, June 16). The three discs of
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1891:
1783:
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was recorded in Barcelona (1938) with bombs falling in the background. It was issued by Keynote in either 1938 or 1940 (Keynote 101). According to
1352:
1051:. Earl Robinson supervised the January 1942 session, which featured six songs in support of the war effort" (Ronald D. Cohen & Dave Samuelson,
961:
a phony war at the outset. However we lefties weren't hep enough to note how it changed when popular resistance to the German onslaught began in
188:
and promote racial and religious inclusiveness and workers' rights. The Almanac Singers felt strongly that songs could help achieve these goals.
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1790:
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On June 22, 1941, Hitler broke the non-aggression pact and attacked Communist Russia, and Keynote promptly destroyed all its inventory of
2358:
490:
316:
1006:, on sale last week under the Keynote label, lay off the isolationist business now that the Russians are laying it on the Germans."
1289:
1241:. Lanham, Maryland and London, UK: Scarecrow Press, 2000. Finished posthumously by Joanne C. Reuss from her husband's manuscript.
568:
571:, ticket. People's Songs disbanded in 1948, after the defeat of Wallace. Seeger and Hays, joined by two of Hays' young friends,
547:
In 1945, after the end of the war, Millard Lampell went on to become a successful screenwriter, writing under a pseudonym while
454:", and the eponymous "Talking Union". This album, issued in July 1941, was not anti-Roosevelt but was criticized in a review by
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1973:
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declaration of war in December 1941, the Almanacs recorded a new topical album for Keynote in support of the war effort,
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986:
694:
500:
184:, was "Communism is twentieth century Americanism"), who had vowed to put aside their differences in order to fight
1684:
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by Ernst Busch and chorus (1940). In addition to issuing records by Josh White and the Almanacs, Keynote drew on
286:
in the singing. The Almanacs had many gigs playing at parties, rallies, benefits, unions meetings, and informal "
2050:
1939:
1712:
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On the use of the term, Richard Reuss draws attention to Pete Seeger's article, "How Hootenanny Came to Be" in
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638:
506:
The title song, "Dear Mr. President", was a solo by Pete Seeger, and its lines expressed his lifelong credo:
297:, where they introduced the song "Talking Union" and participated in a dramatic sketch with the young actress
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2368:
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1966:
390:. Seeger later said that he believed the Communist argument at that time that the war was "phony" and that
419:. The CIO now urged support for Roosevelt and the draft, and it forbade its members from participation in
1871:
1691:
1566:
1539:
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325:
989:, 2002), p. 30, Guthrie had joined the Almanacs in the summer of 1941, greatly enhancing its repertoire.
1946:
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630:
242:
Ed Cray says that Hays and Seeger's first paying gig was in January 1941 at a fund-raising benefit for
1232:"My Song is My Weapon" : People's Songs, American Communism, and the Politics of Culture, 1930-50
450:
songs: "Union Maid", "I Don't Want Your Millions Mister", "Get Thee Behind Me Satan", "Union Train", "
2255:
2193:
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1154:(Lincoln, Nebraska and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1988) pp. 118, 119, and passim.
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344:. Bernay, who owned a small record store, was the former business manager of the magazine
8:
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875:
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329:
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469:(sea chanteys, as was well known, being Franklin Roosevelt's favorite kind of song) and
1932:
1911:
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792:
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646:. In 1961, this record was reissued by Folkways Records as one side of an LP entitled
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began playing together informally in 1940 or 1941. Pete Seeger and Guthrie had met at
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The Keynote label had debuted with the famous collection of Spanish Civil War songs,
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290:", a term Seeger and Guthrie learned on an Almanac tour of Portland and Washington.
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On May day of 1941, they entertained a rally of 20,000 striking transit workers in
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771:(New York: W.W. Norton, 2004), pp. 218-219. David Dunaway, on the other hand, in
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62:
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Which Side Are You On? The American Communist Party During the Second World War
1020:
650:, Vol. 1 (FH5436). The flip side of the LP was a re-release of the 1938 album
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572:
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recordings in 1940. When the USA entered the European war after Germany's post-
298:
255:
236:
95:
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has argued, "are among the best of all jazz recordings"; see Michael Denning,
539:
determined that the Almanacs and their former anti-draft message were still a
2342:
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2036:
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had chided members for condemning only fascist dictatorships rather than all
734:
The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth Century
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386:'s unprecedented peacetime draft, insinuating that he was going to war for
333:
320:
287:
181:
1211:
The Cultural Front: The Laboring American Culture in the Twentieth Century
517:
and better laws, / And better homes, and jobs, and schools, / And no more
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2209:
2140:
2124:
2092:
1957:
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1016:
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387:
341:
232:
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91:
1216:
Denisoff, R. Serge. "'Take It Easy, but Take It': The Almanac Singers,"
1047:"When Decca backed away from its contract offer , the Almanacs recorded
1023:'s "Strange Fruit", when Columbia rejected it as too controversial. See
1997:
962:
914:
bands for a series of small group sessions, "nearly a third of which,"
775:(New York: Villard Books), 2008, p. 82, gives a date of December, 1940.
643:
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346:
271:
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754:(See "Growth During the Second World War" in Knowledge's entry on the
2043:
1019:, who in 1941 accepted a job at Decca. In 1939 Commodore had put out
935:, edited by Peter Blood (Bethlehem: PA (1993, 1997)) pp. 19–22:
548:
275:
228:
160:. The group specialized in topical songs, mostly songs advocating an
119:
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863:
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473:, which were songs of the pioneers. Both of these were produced by
279:
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5, no. 4 (Autumn 1955): 32–33. Cited in Reuss, 2000, p. 176.
1262:
1034:. In 1954, Gabler would issue the revolutionary rockabilly hit, "
808:
478:
309:
The Almanacs' first record release, an album of three 78s called
185:
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981:
Bess Lomax Hawes (2008), p. 43. According to Ronald D. Cohen in
394:
merely wanted to use Hitler as a proxy to attack Soviet Russia.
824:
can't read it.' We became the Almanac Singers." (Pete Seeger,
800:
372:
2178:
1638:
1740:
254:
Performers who sang with the group at various times included
1546:
Roll on Columbia: Woody Guthrie and the Columbia River Songs
1239:
American Folk Music & Left Wing Politics 1927–1957
1200:
Rainbow Quest: The Folk Music Revival & American Society
786:
American Folk Music & Left Wing Politics 1927–1957
258:, (John) Peter Hawes and his brother Baldwin "Butch" Hawes,
803:), angering its members, who were still upset over his and
435:
still declined to desegregate) and the march was canceled.
874:
sentiment among labor, as well as among the predominantly
1248:. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1988.
1234:. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1995.
1227:. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2008.
1095:
1066:
536:
1015:
General, a subsidiary of Commodore, had been founded by
933:
Where Have All the Flowers Gone: A Musical Autobiography
854:(Hambergen, Germany: Bear Family Records, 1996), p. 17.
675:
Boomtown Bill / Keep That Oil A-Rollin (Keynote, 1942).
358:
Concert. Perhaps because of its controversial content,
375:), repeating the Party's line that they had supported
176:, an alliance of liberals and leftists, including the
1413:
Woody at 100: The Woody Guthrie Centennial Collection
398:, who was twenty at the time and did not sing on the
1186:, (Urbana & Chicago: Illini Books, 1993), p. 20.
1784:
Birds, Beasts, Bugs & Fishes (Little & Big)
446:, also produced by Bernay, was a collection of six
1025:Bob Koester, "Milt Gabler & Commodore Records"
423:for the duration (angering some in the movement).
1094:"We got to sing on January '42, on a nationwide
1055:, Bear Family Records BCD 15720 JL, 1996, p. 94).
2340:
1353:The Live Wire: Woody Guthrie in Performance 1949
672:Song For Bridges / Babe of Mine (Keynote, 1941).
144:group, active between 1940 and 1943, founded by
1791:If I Had a Hammer: Songs of Hope & Struggle
2194:
1654:
1283:
870:, was still strong, and there was widespread
866:, inspired by repugnance at the brutality of
555:, an organization with the goal of providing
367:attacked big American corporations (such as
1892:God's Counting on Me, God's Counting on You
1220::, vol. 83, no. 327 (1970), pp. 21–32.
2201:
2187:
1661:
1647:
1290:
1276:
317:Selective Training and Service Act of 1940
1328:Songs To Grow On Volume One: Nursery Days
591:
65:, Almanac Records, General, Asch, Stinson
1111:
893:, but also the anti-Communist socialist
1237:Reuss, Richard A. and Joanne C. Reuss.
1152:Lonesome Traveler: The Life of Lee Hays
965:... before the invasion of the USSR." (
350:, which in 1938 and 1939 had sponsored
2341:
2068:We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions
1178:was named for German Communist leader
784:Richard A. Reuss and Joanne C. Reuss,
304:
2364:Musical groups disestablished in 1942
2182:
1926:Deep Sea Chanteys and Whaling Ballads
1830:If You Miss Me at the Back of the Bus
1642:
1440:Deep Sea Chanteys and Whaling Ballads
1335:Songs to Grow on for Mother and Child
1271:
1246:Lonesome Traveler: A Life of Lee Hays
769:Ramblin' Man: A Life of Woody Guthrie
736:(London, New York: Verso, 1997) p. 6.
687:Talking Union & Other Union Songs
615:Deep Sea Chanteys and Whaling Ballads
583:and went on to achieve great renown.
467:Deep Sea Chanteys and Whaling Ballads
1837:Last Night I Had the Strangest Dream
714:The Sea, The Soil & The Struggle
382:The album also criticized President
336:. It was produced by the founder of
140:was an American New York City-based
2286:The Weavers at Carnegie Hall Vol. 2
1974:The Weavers at Carnegie Hall Vol. 2
402:album, writes in her autobiography
13:
2359:Musical groups established in 1940
1192:
1116:(Media notes). Prism Leisure Corp.
559:to union activists, repeal of the
180:(whose slogan, under their leader
172:philosophy. They were part of the
14:
2385:
1699:American Favorite Ballads, Vol. 2
1297:
1252:
1204:University of Massachusetts Press
1065:News and Special Events man from
987:University of Massachusetts Press
850:Ronald Cohen and Dave Samuelson,
695:Their Complete General Recordings
499:, that included Woody Guthrie's "
2305:The Weavers: Wasn't That a Time!
1981:The Weavers: Wasn't That a Time!
1885:Where Have All the Flowers Gone?
1685:American Folk Songs for Children
481:, the label that had issued his
2208:
1713:Sleep-Time: Songs & Stories
1668:
1314:Ballads of Sacco & Vanzetti
1157:
1144:
1120:
1105:
1100:Where Have All the Flowers Gone
1088:
1073:
1058:
1041:
1009:
992:
975:
967:Where Have All the Flowers Gone
949:Where Have all the Flowers Gone
925:
900:
826:Where Have All the Flowers Gone
679:
2062:The Great Hudson River Revival
2051:Pete Seeger: The Power of Song
1940:Songs of the Lincoln Battalion
1580:Last Thoughts on Woody Guthrie
1399:The Very Best of Woody Guthrie
1385:Library of Congress Recordings
1371:Woody Guthrie Sings Folk Songs
922:(London: Verso, 1997), p. 338.
889:and the future U.S. president
857:
844:
831:
814:
778:
761:
748:
739:
726:
648:Songs of the Spanish Civil War
639:Songs of the Lincoln Battalion
586:
1:
2057:Hudson River Sloop Clearwater
1378:The Columbia River Collection
662:, 11th International Brigade.
262:(wife of Butch and sister of
2349:American folk musical groups
2278:The Weavers at Carnegie Hall
1967:The Weavers at Carnegie Hall
1218:Journal of American Folklore
690:(Smithsonian Folkways, 1973)
438:The Almanac's second album,
7:
1872:Waist Deep in the Big Muddy
1692:American Industrial Ballads
1567:Woody Guthrie Folk Festival
1540:This machine kills fascists
1079:According to an article in
957:I remain convinced that it
495:, under the supervision of
278:, (Hiram) Jaime Lowden and
10:
2390:
1114:Liner notes: Protest Songs
1053:Songs for Political Action
852:Songs for Political Action
666:
191:
2315:
2296:
2269:
2216:
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2018:
1990:
1956:
1901:
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1775:
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773:The Ballad of Pete Seeger
315:, written to protest the
274:, Jackie (Gibson) Alper,
73:
69:
58:
48:
38:
28:
21:
1562:Woody Guthrie Foundation
1182:. See Maurice Isserman,
1174:'s favorite albums. The
1112:Gretland, Glenn (2001).
885:, who included not only
720:
602:(Almanac Records, 1941).
356:From Spirituals to Swing
16:American folk music band
1164:Six Songs for Democracy
908:Six Songs for Democracy
883:America First Committee
811:against Loyalist Spain.
652:Six Songs for Democracy
326:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
2374:Political music groups
1597:Marjorie Mazia Guthrie
1512:Mermaid Avenue (Vol. I
1498:This Land Is Your Land
1213:. London: Verso, 2007.
971:
953:
658:and the chorus of the
592:Original studio albums
529:
523:
513:
452:Which Side Are You On?
413:
319:, the first peacetime
1526:The Complete Sessions
1202:, 1940–1970. Boston:
1036:Rock Around the Clock
955:
936:
745:(Denning, 1997, p. 7)
708:Talking Union, Vol. 1
524:
514:
508:
408:
295:Madison Square Garden
156:, and were joined by
101:Baldwin "Butch" Hawes
2117:Ruth Crawford Seeger
2101:Tao RodrĂguez-Seeger
1809:The Bells of Rhymney
1748:Pete Remembers Woody
1557:Woody Guthrie Center
429:Executive Order 8802
2369:Musical collectives
1720:God Bless the Grass
1392:The Asch Recordings
1259:The Almanac Singers
1230:Lieberman, Ronnie.
1223:Hawes, Bess Lomax.
872:non-interventionist
305:Recordings and Reds
202:industrial unionism
178:Communist Party USA
1947:Dear Mr. President
1933:Sod Buster Ballads
1912:Songs for John Doe
1454:Dear Mr. President
1447:Sod Buster Ballads
1209:Denning, Michael.
1176:Thälmann Battalion
1082:The Amsterdam News
1049:Dear Mr. President
1030:2011-07-09 at the
1000:Songs for John Doe
920:The Cultural Front
793:Franklin Roosevelt
660:Thälmann Battalion
631:Dear Mr. President
623:Sod Buster Ballads
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1727:Dangerous Songs!?
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1321:Dust Bowl Ballads
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561:Taft-Hartley Act
396:Bess Lomax Hawes
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75:Past members
50:Years active
2270:Live albums
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2210:The Weavers
2168:(stepniece)
2141:Alan Seeger
2125:Mike Seeger
2093:Mika Seeger
2026:Discography
1958:The Weavers
1758:Live albums
1670:Pete Seeger
1487:(1976 film)
1479:(1943 book)
1471:Discography
1345:Live albums
1017:Milt Gabler
891:Gerald Ford
868:World War I
822:Congressmen
805:Churchill's
698:(MCA, 1996)
656:Ernst Busch
587:Discography
581:The Weavers
549:blacklisted
388:J.P. Morgan
369:J.P. Morgan
342:Eric Bernay
233:Sonny Terry
221:Pete Seeger
166:anti-racism
154:Pete Seeger
99:Peter Hawes
92:Pete Seeger
2343:Categories
2157:John Cohen
2104:(grandson)
2096:(daughter)
1998:Union Boys
1611:(daughter)
1137:2023-02-28
963:Yugoslavia
876:right-wing
644:Tom Glazer
503:" (1942).
475:Alan Lomax
347:New Masses
328:), urging
272:Josh White
264:Alan Lomax
142:folk music
114:Josh White
2044:Sing Out!
1102:, p. 28).
985:(Boston:
839:Sing Out!
828:, p. 19.)
799:(meaning
797:dictators
790:President
767:Ed Cray,
541:seditious
531:In 1942,
384:Roosevelt
276:Burl Ives
229:Will Geer
120:Burl Ives
2229:Lee Hays
2112:(father)
1617:(cousin)
1028:Archived
969:, p. 22)
951:, p. 19.
864:Pacifism
535:and the
519:Jim Crow
400:John Doe
280:Sam Gary
249:Arkansas
217:Lee Hays
168:and pro-
162:anti-war
150:Lee Hays
126:Sam Gary
84:Lee Hays
2316:Related
2144:(uncle)
2019:Related
1519:Vol. II
1464:Related
1263:Discogs
1206:, 2002.
809:embargo
667:Singles
479:General
421:strikes
192:History
186:fascism
63:Keynote
2308:(1982)
2289:(1963)
2281:(1957)
2088:(wife)
2078:Family
2007:(with
1599:(wife)
1590:Family
945:Senate
801:Stalin
373:DuPont
223:, and
59:Labels
39:Genres
29:Origin
1991:Other
1801:Songs
1741:At 89
1605:(son)
807:arms
721:Notes
654:, by
527:done.
448:labor
321:draft
170:union
2297:Film
575:and
457:Time
433:Army
371:and
235:and
136:The
43:Folk
1096:CBS
1067:BBC
959:was
756:CIO
537:FBI
477:on
332:in
266:),
198:CIO
2345::
1130:.
1038:."
465:,
340:,
301:.
282:.
239:.
219:,
215:,
164:,
152:,
148:,
2202:e
2195:t
2188:v
2011:)
1894:"
1890:"
1887:"
1883:"
1880:"
1876:"
1870:"
1867:"
1863:"
1860:"
1856:"
1853:"
1849:"
1846:"
1842:"
1839:"
1835:"
1832:"
1828:"
1825:"
1821:"
1818:"
1814:"
1811:"
1807:"
1662:e
1655:t
1648:v
1582:"
1578:"
1575:"
1571:"
1528:)
1507:"
1503:"
1500:"
1496:"
1291:e
1284:t
1277:v
1140:.
972:.
897:.
758:)
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