1988:
375:, Dastin, Madrid, page. 84). This means chichimeca comes from the nahuatl verb "chichi" which means "to suck" and applied, contemptuously, to the "uncivilized" habits of those tribes. In this context, the term, chichimeca used by the ancient nahuas doesn't mean an ethnic origin common to the people who was called this, but as a derogatory term, to refer to the savages, barbarians or hillbillies. Nonetheless, is interesting to note that practically all the tribes in the Valley of Mexico refer to their chichimeca origin, exalting the warrior virtues of the nomadic tribes, tough and with an illustrious past (see: Fernando de Alva IxtlilxĂłchitl,
33:
145:
153:
361:
unity (generally admitted by other tribes with the desire to acquire or assimilate the culture inherited by those groups), as well as the nomadic and seminomadic groups migrating from the north. This way, the tribes established in the Valley of Mexico, which consider themselves heirs of the Toltec
306:
had to be the place, in the opinion of later investigators the city must've been north of the Valley of Mexico, or towards the ancient Tula, even in the
Chiconauhtla hill, south of Teotihuacan). To the Tepaneca tribe belonged, by their military might, one of the best zones where they founded
338:
There's no population called "Tepan". Tepanohuayan nonetheless is not only visualized as a mythical place, but is also used in the official colonial documents to refer to other
Tepanec cities, such as Azcapotzalco-Tepanohuayan, Tlacopan-Tepanohuayan, Coyohuacan-Tepanohuayan, even close to
348:
The term "chichimec" is not referring, by the effects of this article, to the actual indigenous people in the north of Mexico, but to the idea the ancient mesoamerican population had of the nomadic and seminomadic people from
73:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
366:
it meant "wild men", pointing that "the name proceeds of men that eat uncooked meat and drank and sucked the blood of the animals they killed, as chichiliztli means in the
Mexican tongue slang for sucking"
322:, not able to remain as an ethnic group. We know of their existence thanks to references in stories derived from the prehispanic codex traditions, which were compiled by novohispanic historians.
339:
Atlacuihuayan there was a population with the same name. The value of the city might be tied to the geographical location as it was the place to "pass" to the other side of the
Texcoco lake.
466:
431:
1968:
83:
379:, volume II, chapter. XV, page 39, and chapter XXXII, page 82, in which the author makes emphasis in the association of the acolhuas to the legendary chichimeca lineage
556:
2036:
1963:
302:(in nahuatl, "The Seven Caves"); a place which has no certain location, and while, during the middle of the 20th century, the general opinion was that
298:
According to the tradition recompiled by several historians, the
Tepanec people constituted one of the seven tribes that started the migration from
93:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1943:
589:
1928:
252:
brought the
Tepanec to the height of their power; at that point they controlled nearly all of the Valley of Mexico as well as parts of the
905:
528:
1933:
937:
412:
260:
valleys. Native sources say that
Tezozomoc lived to the age of over 100 and was legendary for his generalship and statesmanship.
318:
When the
Spaniard conquistadores arrived to the Valley of Mexico, the Tepaneca tribe was subject to the Triple Alliance, led by
2026:
925:
1839:
954:
78:
1898:
949:
827:
1953:
932:
571:
101:
1892:
961:
114:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Spanish Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
295:
became the predominant
Tepanec city, although both Tenochtitlan and Texcoco eclipsed Tlacopan in size and prestige.
1713:
1402:
441:
2041:
1783:
1413:
1095:
910:
521:
2016:
1875:
1718:
566:
1854:
1130:
1864:
1105:
609:
1880:
1958:
1886:
1850:
920:
1552:
1424:
1010:
752:
561:
271:
to the throne, with Maxtla most likely poisoning Tayatzin. In 1428, Maxtla was overthrown by the nascent
357:
in the 12th century, there was a massive migration of tribes which was integrated before to the politic
1779:
1663:
1506:
514:
445:
2031:
1486:
1090:
1015:
892:
867:
581:
354:
249:
109:
17:
1562:
1235:
732:
308:
245:
1787:
457:
1205:
363:
152:
2021:
1708:
1623:
1557:
1190:
944:
915:
714:
689:
654:
272:
130:
842:
1992:
1859:
1723:
1688:
1608:
1297:
1005:
900:
882:
782:
506:
408:
280:
1185:
8:
1825:
1587:
619:
599:
362:
cultural legacy, applied to the northern migrants the term chichimeca, as the opinion of
817:
1948:
1938:
1844:
1668:
1577:
1356:
1100:
1045:
1020:
684:
679:
649:
644:
486:
1567:
1973:
1903:
1869:
1592:
1582:
1292:
1260:
1140:
1070:
802:
777:
709:
699:
537:
494:
478:
105:
1170:
1035:
1001:
1673:
1613:
1597:
1480:
1444:
1351:
1255:
1055:
872:
847:
664:
659:
470:
223:
193:
173:
1796:
1475:
1434:
1419:
1382:
1346:
1240:
1135:
1050:
1025:
986:
971:
792:
629:
1727:
1693:
1537:
1512:
1469:
1459:
1449:
1439:
1397:
1180:
991:
981:
674:
634:
624:
1829:
1813:
1633:
2010:
1683:
1527:
1496:
1464:
1408:
1376:
1215:
1175:
1165:
1160:
1150:
1145:
1080:
1075:
1030:
594:
551:
498:
482:
358:
211:. Ideographically it is represented as a stone, for its etymology comes from
1774:
1770:
762:
757:
1766:
1742:
1698:
1648:
1643:
1532:
1517:
1501:
1366:
1317:
1312:
1287:
1265:
1230:
1110:
812:
747:
704:
350:
319:
276:
235:
123:
45:
1250:
1762:
1752:
1371:
1302:
1155:
1125:
832:
724:
604:
299:
231:
169:
196:
and shared the same general pantheon, with local and tribal variations.
1800:
1638:
1618:
1060:
852:
614:
404:
303:
203:" is a derivative term, corresponding to their original mythical city,
112:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
1245:
490:
1821:
1817:
1792:
1542:
877:
767:
227:
1326:
996:
380:
1808:
1658:
1200:
1195:
1085:
1065:
474:
312:
292:
284:
264:
240:
1220:
1804:
1341:
1225:
966:
862:
822:
742:
737:
694:
669:
639:
257:
215:(over the stones). Their conquered territories received the name
189:
144:
1270:
70:
1747:
1737:
1120:
1115:
1040:
976:
857:
807:
797:
772:
446:"The Aztlan Migrations of Nahuatl Chronicles: Myth or History?"
268:
253:
185:
1387:
1331:
1322:
1210:
787:
288:
181:
1969:
Population history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
536:
248:
from the indigenous inhabitants. In the early 14th century,
429:
450:
82:
to this template: there are already 942 articles in the
1964:
Painting in the Americas before European colonization
219:(land of the tepanecas) (lit. "over the tepanecas").
433:
El sistema de dominaciĂłn azteca. El Imperio Tepaneca
66:
440:
2008:
263:The death of Tezozomoc in 1426 brought his sons
2037:15th-century disestablishments in North America
1944:Ceramics of Indigenous peoples of the Americas
1929:Category: Archaeological sites in the Americas
176:in the late 12th or early 13th centuries. The
108:accompanying your translation by providing an
57:Click for important translation instructions.
44:expand this article with text translated from
522:
234:, the Tepanecs settled on the west shores of
436:. Fundación Universitaria Española, Madrid.
529:
515:
315:of their territory, known as Tepanecapan.
1934:Portal:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
403:The dates vary by source, including 1152
283:, as well as Maxtla's fellow Tepanecs of
538:Pre-Columbian civilizations and cultures
151:
143:
411:, 1210 from Chimalpahin, and 1226 from
244:, Acolnahuacatl, the Tepanec took over
14:
2009:
510:
430:Santamarina Novillo, Carlos (2006).
26:
962:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Venezuela
24:
1954:Indigenous cuisine of the Americas
933:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Colombia
415:(as interpreted by Smith, p. 169).
192:and others—these tribes spoke the
25:
2053:
945:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Ecuador
916:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Bolivia
467:American Society for Ethnohistory
1986:
938:Archaeological sites in Colombia
911:Cultures of Pre-Cabraline Brazil
275:, which included the Mexicas of
207:(the passing by), also known as
148:Territory dominated by Tepanecs.
31:
921:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Chile
397:
342:
332:
118:You may also add the template
13:
1:
1865:Spanish Conquest of Guatemala
926:Archaeological sites in Chile
422:
353:. In fact, after the fall of
180:were a sister culture of the
2027:Indigenous peoples in Mexico
1959:Mesoamerican writing systems
1916:
955:Archaeological sites in Peru
390:
7:
1855:Spanish Conquest of Yucatán
120:{{Translated|es|Tepanecas}}
90:will aid in categorization.
10:
2058:
1881:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
1784:Uaxaclajuun UbĘĽaah KĘĽawiil
371:, Germán Vázquez Edition,
222:Reputedly welcomed to the
172:people who arrived in the
65:Machine translation, like
1982:
1924:
1915:
1835:
1758:
1733:
1704:
1679:
1654:
1629:
1604:
1573:
1548:
1523:
1492:
1455:
1430:
1393:
1362:
1337:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1279:
1106:Llanos de Moxos (Bolivia)
891:
723:
580:
544:
46:the corresponding article
1993:Civilizations portal
950:Cultural periods of Peru
325:
1887:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
733:Mesoamerican chronology
287:. With the rise of the
156:Glyph denoting Tepanecs
129:For more guidance, see
2042:1428 disestablishments
590:Archaeological periods
373:Crónicas de América 42
226:by the semi-legendary
157:
149:
2017:Mesoamerican cultures
1893:List of Conquistadors
1780:KĘĽinich JanaabĘĽ Pakal
1191:Quebrada de Humahuaca
610:Caddoan Mississippian
273:Aztec Triple Alliance
155:
147:
131:Knowledge:Translation
102:copyright attribution
1860:Francisco de Montejo
1788:Jasaw Chan KĘĽawiil I
901:Andean civilizations
828:Shaft tomb tradition
409:Anales de Tlatelolco
369:Historia de Tlaxcala
1826:Manco Inca Yupanqui
1131:Manteño-Huancavilca
600:Ancestral Puebloans
465:(3). Columbus, OH:
364:Diego Muñoz Camargo
279:and the Acolhua of
1949:Columbian exchange
1939:Portal:Mesoamerica
1091:La Tolita (Tumaco)
906:Indigenous peoples
645:Hopewell tradition
572:Indigenous peoples
158:
150:
110:interlanguage link
2004:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1974:Pre-Columbian art
1910:
1909:
1904:Francisco Pizarro
1870:Pedro de Alvarado
1186:Pucará de Tilcara
453:online facsimile)
442:Smith, Michael E.
188:) as well as the
142:
141:
58:
54:
16:(Redirected from
2049:
2032:Valley of Mexico
1991:
1990:
1989:
1913:
1912:
1899:Spanish Conquest
1876:Spanish Conquest
1851:Spanish Conquest
1840:Spanish Conquest
1282:
1281:
531:
524:
517:
508:
507:
502:
454:
437:
416:
401:
384:
377:Obras HistĂłricas
346:
340:
336:
224:Valley of Mexico
194:Nahuatl language
174:Valley of Mexico
121:
115:
89:
88:|topic=
86:, and specifying
71:Google Translate
56:
52:
35:
34:
27:
21:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2007:
2006:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1985:
1978:
1920:
1911:
1901:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1842:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1797:Quemuenchatocha
1795:
1786:
1782:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1726:
1595:
1504:
1478:
1467:
1414:Human Sacrifice
1411:
1403:Human Sacrifice
1400:
1374:
1347:Mayan Languages
1275:
887:
719:
576:
557:Genetic history
540:
535:
505:
448:
425:
420:
419:
402:
398:
393:
388:
387:
347:
343:
337:
333:
328:
238:. Under their
138:
137:
136:
119:
113:
87:
59:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2055:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1908:
1907:
1896:
1873:
1848:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1811:
1790:
1777:
1760:
1759:Notable Rulers
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1728:Neo-Inca State
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1473:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1406:
1395:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
958:
957:
947:
942:
941:
940:
930:
929:
928:
918:
913:
908:
903:
897:
895:
889:
888:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
729:
727:
721:
720:
718:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
586:
584:
578:
577:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
548:
546:
542:
541:
534:
533:
526:
519:
511:
504:
503:
475:10.2307/482619
438:
426:
424:
421:
418:
417:
395:
394:
392:
389:
386:
385:
341:
330:
329:
327:
324:
140:
139:
135:
134:
127:
116:
94:
91:
79:adding a topic
74:
63:
60:
41:
40:
39:
37:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2054:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
1995:
1994:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1845:Hernán Cortés
1841:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
956:
953:
952:
951:
948:
946:
943:
939:
936:
935:
934:
931:
927:
924:
923:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
896:
894:
893:South America
890:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
728:
726:
722:
716:
715:Weeden Island
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
690:Poverty Point
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
655:Mississippian
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
585:
583:
582:North America
579:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
552:Paleo-Indians
550:
549:
547:
543:
539:
532:
527:
525:
520:
518:
513:
512:
509:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
459:
452:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:
428:
427:
414:
413:Ixtlilxochitl
410:
406:
400:
396:
383:of Tenayuca).
382:
378:
374:
370:
365:
360:
356:
352:
345:
335:
331:
323:
321:
316:
314:
310:
305:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
154:
146:
132:
128:
125:
117:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
85:
84:main category
81:
80:
75:
72:
68:
64:
62:
61:
55:
49:
47:
42:You can help
38:
29:
28:
19:
2022:Nahua people
1984:
1917:
1767:Moctezuma II
1724:Inca history
1649:Andean Music
1593:Architecture
1588:Architecture
1583:Architecture
1578:Architecture
1574:Architecture
1568:Gender Roles
1313:Tenochtitlan
1236:Timoto–Cuica
1231:Tierradentro
1016:Casma–Sechin
837:
748:Chalcatzingo
462:
458:Ethnohistory
456:
432:
399:
376:
372:
368:
351:Aridoamerica
344:
334:
320:Tenochtitlan
317:
309:Azcapotzalco
297:
277:Tenochtitlan
262:
246:Azcapotzalco
239:
236:Lake Texcoco
221:
216:
212:
208:
205:Tepanohuayan
204:
200:
198:
177:
170:Mesoamerican
165:
161:
159:
106:edit summary
97:
77:
51:
43:
1830:TĂşpac Amaru
1814:Manco Cápac
1763:Moctezuma I
1674:Agriculture
1669:Agriculture
1664:Agriculture
1655:Agriculture
1598:Road System
1487:Mathematics
1352:Muysc Cubun
1206:San AgustĂn
1156:Monte Verde
833:Teotihuacan
725:Mesoamerica
620:Coles Creek
605:Anishinaabe
562:Archaeology
469:: 153–186.
300:Chicomoztoc
217:Tepanecapan
2011:Categories
1801:Tisquesusa
1775:Cuauhtémoc
1771:Cuitláhuac
1101:Lauricocha
1071:Gran Chaco
1061:Cupisnique
1046:Chinchorro
1021:Chachapoya
1011:Caral–Supe
853:Tlaxcaltec
843:Teuchitlán
758:ChupĂcuaro
685:Plum Bayou
680:Plaquemine
650:Marksville
615:Chichimeca
423:References
304:La Quemada
199:The name "
53:(May 2023)
48:in Spanish
1822:Atahualpa
1818:Pachacuti
1793:Nemequene
1659:Chinampas
1481:Astronomy
1470:Astronomy
1450:Mythology
1445:Mythology
1440:Mythology
1435:Mythology
1431:Mythology
1261:Wankarani
1251:Tuncahuán
1141:Marajoara
1096:Las Vegas
982:Atacameño
878:Xochipala
818:Purépecha
778:Epi-Olmec
768:Cuicuilco
710:Troyville
700:St. Johns
499:145142543
483:0014-1801
391:Footnotes
250:Tezozomoc
228:Chichimec
201:Tepanecas
124:talk page
76:Consider
1918:See also
1836:Conquest
1809:Zoratama
1476:Calendar
1465:Calendar
1460:Calendar
1456:Calendar
1425:Religion
1420:Religion
1409:Religion
1398:Religion
1394:Religion
1383:Numerals
1377:Numerals
1338:Language
1318:Multiple
1256:Valdivia
1241:Tiwanaku
1201:Saladoid
1196:Quimbaya
1086:Kuhikugu
1066:Diaguita
1056:Chorrera
873:Veraguas
868:Veracruz
848:Tlatilco
660:Mogollon
567:Cultures
545:Americas
444:(1984).
313:Altepetl
293:Tlacopan
291:empire,
285:Tlacopan
265:Tayatzin
241:tlatoani
166:Tepaneca
162:Tepanecs
100:provide
18:Tepaneca
1805:Tundama
1734:Peoples
1719:History
1714:History
1709:History
1705:History
1699:Cuisine
1694:Cuisine
1689:Cuisine
1684:Cuisine
1680:Cuisine
1538:Warfare
1533:Warfare
1528:Warfare
1524:Warfare
1518:Society
1513:Economy
1502:Society
1497:Society
1493:Society
1363:Writing
1357:Quechua
1342:Nahuatl
1309:Capital
1246:Toyopán
1226:Tairona
1136:Mapuche
1051:Chiripa
1026:Chancay
997:Cañaris
972:Amotape
967:El Abra
883:Zapotec
863:Totonac
838:Tepanec
823:Quelepa
793:Mezcala
783:Huastec
753:Cholula
743:Capacha
738:Acolhua
695:Sinagua
670:Patayan
640:Hohokam
630:Fremont
281:Texcoco
258:Morelos
190:Acolhua
178:Tepanec
122:to the
104:in the
50:.
1748:Muisca
1743:Mayans
1738:Aztecs
1372:Script
1367:Script
1327:Bacatá
1298:Muisca
1181:Pucará
1176:Piaroa
1171:Paiján
1166:Omagua
1121:Lupaca
1116:Lokono
1081:Kalina
1076:Huetar
1036:ChavĂn
1031:Chango
1006:Nariño
1002:CapulĂ
992:Calima
987:Aymara
977:Arawak
858:Toltec
808:Olmecs
803:Nicoya
798:Mixtec
773:Diquis
675:Picosa
665:Oshara
635:Glades
625:Dorset
497:
491:482619
489:
481:
381:XĂłlotl
359:Toltec
269:Maxtla
254:Toluca
232:Xolotl
230:ruler
209:Tepano
186:Mexica
182:Aztecs
168:are a
1753:Incas
1644:Music
1639:Music
1634:Music
1630:Music
1563:Women
1558:Women
1553:Women
1549:Women
1507:Trade
1388:Quipu
1332:Cusco
1323:Hunza
1288:Aztec
1221:TaĂno
1216:Sican
1211:Shuar
1161:Nazca
1151:Mollo
1146:Moche
1126:Luzia
1041:ChimĂş
813:Pipil
788:Izapa
763:Coclé
705:Thule
595:Adena
487:JSTOR
326:Notes
311:main
289:Aztec
213:Tepan
67:DeepL
1543:Army
1325:and
1303:Inca
1293:Maya
1271:ZenĂş
1266:Wari
1111:Lima
495:OCLC
479:ISSN
355:Tula
267:and
256:and
184:(or
160:The
98:must
96:You
1624:Art
1619:Art
1614:Art
1609:Art
1605:Art
471:doi
451:PDF
407:in
164:or
69:or
2013::
1862:)
493:.
485:.
477:.
463:31
461:.
455:.
405:CE
1906:)
1902:(
1895:)
1891:(
1889:)
1885:(
1883:)
1879:(
1872:)
1868:(
1858:(
1847:)
1843:(
1600:)
1596:(
1509:)
1505:(
1483:)
1479:(
1472:)
1468:(
1416:)
1412:(
1405:)
1401:(
1379:)
1375:(
1004:/
530:e
523:t
516:v
501:.
473::
449:(
367:(
133:.
126:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
