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Over the centuries, the temple became buried to a depth of 12 metres (39 ft) beneath drifting desert sand and layers of river silt deposited by the Nile. Local inhabitants built homes directly over the former temple grounds. Only the upper reaches of the temple pylons were visible by 1798, when
277:
in Egypt. In particular, the Temple's inscribed building texts "provide details of its construction, and also preserve information about the mythical interpretation of this and all other temples as the Island of
Creation." There are also "important scenes and inscriptions of the Sacred Drama which
480:
They tell the story of the beginning of the world, when it was still entirely covered by water. During the struggle between land and primeval water, the land managed to come close to the surface. Where this happened, reeds grew with the help of a falcon, which were strengthened by the gods The Far
507:
The foundation ritual of the temple consists of multiple elements: First, the ground-plan was laid out with the stretching-the-cord ritual. When the construction was completed, the king handed the temple over to a triad of gods. To protect the building against external threats, 60 gods formed a
314:. Its size reflects the relative prosperity of the time. The present temple, which was begun "on 23 August 237 BC, initially consisted of a pillared hall, two transverse halls, and a barque sanctuary surrounded by chapels." The building was started during the reign of
551:
566:
496:, came to the rescue. The enemy was defeated and the creation continued. A falcon formed the sky dome, its wings reaching from horizon to horizon, and the sun began its daily cycle. Then the first temple of Edfu was designed by the gods
322:. It was built on the site of an earlier, smaller temple also dedicated to Horus, although the previous structure was oriented east–west rather than north–south as in the present site. A ruined
395:
that cruise the Nile. In 2005, access to the temple was revamped with the addition of a visitor center and paved carpark. A lighting system was added in late 2006 to allow night visits.
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387:
The Temple of Edfu is nearly intact and a good example of an ancient
Egyptian temple. Its archaeological significance and high state of preservation have made it a center for
504:, one responsible for wisdom, the other for scripture. The godly master-builder constructed the temple according to these plans, but initially not of stone, but of reed.
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1432:
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in 391. As elsewhere, many of the temple's carved reliefs were razed by followers of the
Christian faith which came to dominate Egypt. The blackened ceiling of the
353:, a relic from an earlier building, is preserved in the inner sanctuary, which stands alone while the temple's barque sanctuary is surrounded by nine chapels.
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The creation myth of the temple of Edfu consists of several related scenes, which are found primarily on the inside of the perimeter walls of the temple.
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landed, as a falcon. A force approached, in the form of a bird, and fed Horus, the lord of Edfu; This ritual was the beginning of the cult of Edfu.
721:
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992:
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Dieter Arnold, Nigel
Strudwick & Sabine Gardiner, The Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egyptian Architecture, I.B. Tauris Publishers, 2003. p. 78
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hall, visible today, is believed to be the result of arson intended to destroy religious imagery that was then considered pagan.
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between 237 and 57 BC. The inscriptions on its walls provide important information on language, myth and religion during the
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to visit Horus at Edfu, and this event marking their sacred marriage was the occasion of a great festival and pilgrimage."
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lies just to the east of the current temple; inscriptional evidence has been found indicating a building program under the
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Ancient Egypt: An illustrated reference to the myths, religions, pyramids and temples of the land of the pharaohs
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Kurth, Dieter (1991). "Über den
Ursprung des Tempels von Edfu" [About the Origin of the Temple of Edfu].
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465:. It was the center of several festivals sacred to Horus. Each year, "Hathor travelled south from her temple at
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Agnese, Giorgio and
Maurizio Re. Ancient Egypt: Art and archaeology of the land of the pharaohs, 2004. p. 23
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tried to impede the creation. Horus shuddered in fear, yet a harpoon, one of the forms of
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Ancient
Egyptian temple, located on the west bank of the Nile in Edfu, Upper Egypt
528:. The courtyard columns at Edfu are closely copied in the frontage of the Works.
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269:. It is one of the best preserved shrines in Egypt. The temple was built in the
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and The Large. The reeds were the germ cell for the temple of Edfu, and here
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The temple of Edfu fell into disuse as a religious monument following
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David, Rosalie. Discovering
Ancient Egypt, Facts on File, 1993. p. 99
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the temple was identified by a French expedition. In 1860
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The main entrance of Edfu Temple showing the first pylon
850:"Night visits to Temple of Horus allowed as of New Year"
384:, began the work of freeing Edfu temple from the sands.
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The temple of Edfu is the largest temple dedicated to
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Religious buildings and structures destroyed by arson
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Nilometer for measuring the height of the Nile River
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907:[Thirty Gods of the Genesis of the Temple]
364:and edict banning non-Christian worship within the
1443:Former religious buildings and structures in Egypt
1433:3rd-century BC religious buildings and structures
819:Arnold, Strudwick & Gardiner, op. cit., p. 78
431:Inside the sanctuary at the centre of the temple.
294:Edfu was one of several temples built during the
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443:The forecourt of the temple, looking south-east
278:related the age-old conflict between Horus and
727:Statue of Horus in the courtyard of the temple
516:The Temple of Edfu provides the model for the
472:
986:
950:. 2004. American University in Cairo Press.
830:"SPOTLIGHT INTERVIEW 2005 – Dr. Zahi Hawass"
608:A breastfeeding scene in the interior walls
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545:Reliefs on the walls of the Temple of Edfu
871:Religion und Philosophie im alten Ägypten
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875:Religion and Philosophy in ancient Egypt
905:"Dreißig Götter der Genese des Tempels"
572:1854 photography by John Beasley Greene
1473:3rd-century BC establishments in Egypt
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407:North side of court of Temple of Edfu
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877:] (in German). pp. 189–202.
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919:] (in German). pp. 17–40.
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1103:Ancient Egyptian race controversy
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512:Influence on British architecture
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932:Oakes, Lorna and Lucia Gahlin.
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508:living wall around the temple.
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739:List of ancient Egyptian sites
282:." They are translated by the
1:
967:, 14 vols. (1892–1934).
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745:Ancient Egyptian architecture
318:and completed in 57 BC under
1463:Tourist attractions in Egypt
741:, including sites of temples
235:. The city was known in the
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1288:Egypt–Mesopotamia relations
1108:Population history of Egypt
963:, Maxence de Rochemonteix,
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473:Creation myth of the temple
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259:, who was identified as
156:Construction start date
892:(in German). p. 5.
785:David., op. cit., p. 99
133:Historical information
961:Émile Gaston Chassinat
903:Budde, Dagmar (2008).
888:Dieter, Kurth (2006).
449:Religious significance
300:Dendera Temple complex
255:, after the chief god
177:Construction material
1409:24.97778°N 32.87333°E
1014:Glossary of artifacts
362:persecution of pagans
316:Ptolemy III Euergetes
40:Monument information
557:1854 photography by
266:interpretatio graeca
141:Graeco-Roman Period
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1160:Cursive hieroglyphs
559:John Beasley Greene
320:Ptolemy XII Auletes
253:Apollonopolis Magna
1414:24.97778; 32.87333
1133:Funerary practices
948:The Temple of Edfu
750:Edfu South Pyramid
308:Temple of Kom Ombo
275:Hellenistic period
237:Hellenistic period
159:August 23, 237 BC
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1143:Great Royal Wives
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965:Le temple d'Edfou
917:Servants of Horus
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853:. Retrieved
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518:Temple Works
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284:Edfu-Project
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1380:WikiProject
1194:Mathematics
1155:Hieroglyphs
1069:Portraiture
1037:Agriculture
1024:Main topics
380:, a French
340:Ramesses II
328:New Kingdom
241:Koinē Greek
233:Upper Egypt
121:(primary),
1427:Categories
1400:32°52′24″E
1397:24°58′40″N
1310:Egyptology
1278:Technology
1241:Philosophy
1189:Literature
1081:Chronology
927:References
855:2007-04-26
835:2007-04-25
629:Two Ladies
393:riverboats
332:Ramesses I
263:under the
209:79 meters
200:76 meters
190:36 meters
71:Wetjes-Hor
1214:Mythology
1138:Geography
1128:Dynasties
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370:hypostyle
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1172:Language
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1052:Obelisks
936:. 2006.
733:See also
715:Corridor
467:Denderah
146:Dynasty
107:(Bḥd.t)
1370:Outline
1360:Commons
1320:Museums
1256:Scribes
1246:Pottery
1177:Demotic
1167:History
1118:Cuisine
1047:Revival
703:Ceiling
625:Nekhbet
532:Gallery
522:Holbeck
490:Apophis
463:Dendera
330:rulers
290:History
247:and in
206:Length
187:Height
138:Period
1219:People
1086:Cities
1004:topics
954:
940:
890:"Edfu"
798:
691:Detail
679:Relief
667:Relief
655:Relief
627:, the
621:Wadjet
502:Seshat
459:Hathor
336:Seti I
312:Philae
310:, and
306:, the
261:Apollo
219:is an
195:Width
167:57 BC
123:Hathor
49:Temple
1468:Horus
1283:Trade
1261:Sites
1209:Music
1123:Dance
1057:Pylon
1019:Index
915:[
909:(PDF)
873:[
756:Notes
596:Horus
526:Leeds
498:Thoth
483:Horus
455:Horus
324:pylon
257:Horus
249:Latin
119:Horus
114:Deity
59:Egypt
45:Type
1229:List
1148:List
1091:List
952:ISBN
938:ISBN
796:ISBN
623:and
584:Rear
500:and
494:Ptah
457:and
347:naos
338:and
304:Esna
280:Seth
229:Edfu
225:Nile
215:The
66:Nome
1064:Art
520:in
461:of
360:'s
349:of
342:.
251:as
239:in
227:in
1429::
911:.
772:^
524:,
345:A
334:,
302:,
286:.
243::
231:,
198:3
125:,
994:e
987:t
980:v
858:.
838:.
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