723:
1036:
54:
1052:
1226:, claims that have been frequently repeated by authors on card divination. However, scholarly research demonstrated that tarot cards were invented in northern Italy in the mid-15th century and confirmed that there is no historical evidence of any significant use of tarot cards for divination until the late 18th century. Historians have described western views of the Tarot pack as "the subject of the most successful propaganda campaign ever launched An entire false history and false interpretation of the Tarot pack was concocted by the occultists and it is all but universally believed."
483:
387:
38:
984:
1167:
1195:
999:
1860:
3777:
3767:
2952:
3798:
595:
1017:
1067:
673:
3787:
2962:
2412:
2536:
1443:, stated of the tarot: "The origin of this pack of cards is very obscure. Some authorities seek to put it back as far as the ancient Egyptian Mysteries; others try to bring it forward as late as the fifteenth or even the sixteenth century ... The only theory of ultimate interest about the tarot is that it is an admirable symbolic picture of the Universe, based on the data of the Holy
905:("Diligence and Fortune") genre art tarock deck of Central Europe uses Roman numerals for the trumps. It is sold with 54 cards; the 5 to 10 of the red suits and the 1 to 6 of the black suits are removed. There are 3 patterns – Types A, B and C – of which Type C has become the standard, whereas Types A and B appear in limited editions or specials.
1407:
Ten numbered cards and four court cards. The court cards are the King, Queen, Knight and Page/Jack, in each of the four tarot suits. The traditional
Italian tarot suits are swords, batons, coins and cups; however, in modern occult tarot decks, the suit of batons is often called wands, rods or staves;
229:
have experienced significant growth in
Austria where international tournaments are held with other nations, especially those from eastern Europe that still play such games, including Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. Denmark appears to be the only Scandinavian country that still plays tarot
680:
The original purpose of tarot cards was to play games. A very cursory explanation of rules for a tarot-like deck is given in a manuscript by
Martiano da Tortona before 1425. Vague descriptions of game play or game terminology follow for the next two centuries until the earliest known complete
212:
The use of tarot playing cards was at one time widespread across the whole of Europe except the
British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula. Having fallen into decline by the 20th century, they later experienced a renaissance in some countries and regions. For example,
329:
and they appear to have spread very rapidly across the whole of Europe, as may be seen from the records, mainly of card games being banned. Little is known about the appearance and number of these cards, the only significant information being provided by a text by
764:
omits numeral cards two to five in plain suits, leaving it with 62 cards, and has somewhat different trumps, not all of which are numbered and four of which are equal in rank. It has a different graphical design than the two above as it was not derived from the
1773:
313:
invented in or before the 14th century, which followed the introduction of paper from Asia into
Western Europe. By the late 1300s, Europeans were producing their own cards, the earliest patterns being based on the Mamluk deck but with variations to the
460:
The
Visconti di Mondrone pack, one of the Visconti-Sforza decks, originally had a Dame and a Maid in each suit, in addition to the standard King, Queen, Knight, and Jack. Additionally, the pack includes three trump cards which represent the
338:, who, in addition to other versions, describes the basic pack as containing the still-current 4 suits of 13 cards, the courts usually being the King, Ober and Unter ("marshals"), although Dames and Queens were already known by then.
1096:
From the late 18th century, in addition to producing their own true Tarot packs, the south German states manufactured German-suited packs labeled "Taroc", "Tarock" or "Deutsch-Tarok". These survive as "Schafkopf/Tarock" packs of the
756:
is similar, but replaces the Pope with
Jupiter, the Popess with Juno, and the Angel with the Judgement. The trumps rank in numerical order and the Tower is known as the House of God. The cards are not reversible like the Tarocco
878:. The German states used to produce a variety of 78-card tarot packs using Italian suits, but later switching to French suited cards; some were imported to France. There remain only two French-suited patterns of
569:. Dummett also wrote about a possible fourth lineage that may have existed along the Franco-Italian border. It spread north through France until its last descendant, the Belgian Tarot, went extinct around 1800.
473:
preacher inveighed against the evil inherent in playing cards, chiefly because of their use in gambling, in a sermon in the 15th century, no routine condemnations of tarot were found during its early history.
456:
and the
Boiardo deck had four suits, a fool, and 21 trumps, but none of the trumps match tarot ones. They seem to have been made on the model of tarot decks, but were voluntary departures from an established
688:
The 18th century saw tarot's greatest revival, during which it became one of the most popular card games in Europe, played everywhere except
Ireland and Britain, the Iberian peninsula, and the
448:. In 15th century Italy, the set of cards that was included in tarot packs, including trumps, seems to have been consistent, even if naming and ordering varied. There are two main exceptions:
792:(destitution). It omits the Two and Three of coins, and numerals one to four in clubs, swords and cups: it thus has 64 cards, but the ace of coins is not used, being the bearer of the former
1418:(also known as Paul Christian) and are never used in relation to tarot card games. Some decks exist primarily as artwork, and such art decks sometimes contain only the 22 Major Arcana.
1263:
was the first to produce a bespoke tarot deck specifically designed for occult purposes around 1789. In keeping with the unsubstantiated belief that such cards were derived from the
200:. Depending on the game, the Fool may act as the top trump or may be played to avoid following suit. These tarot cards are still used throughout much of Europe to play conventional
2788:
2758:
1615:
Hellmut
Rosenfeld: Zu den frühesten Spielkarten in der Schweiz. Eine Entgegnung. In: Zeitschrift für schweizerische Archäologie und Kunstgeschichte 32 (1975), pp. 179–180.
850:
French-suited tarot decks are known as the oldest decks used for the Tarot. With the exception of novelty decks, French-suited tarot cards are almost exclusively used for
364:
and suits depicting four kinds of birds. The 16 cards were regarded as "trumps" since, in 1449, Jacopo Antonio Marcello recalled that the now deceased duke had invented a
2778:
2768:
242:
has grown in popularity again in the south German region of Baden. Italy continues to play regionally popular games with their distinctive Tarot packs. These include:
153:. Thus, there are two distinct types of tarot packs in circulation: those used for card games and those used for divination. However, some older patterns, such as the
862:
in the late 1650s. Aside from these early outliers, the first generation of French-suited tarots depicted scenes of animals on the trumps and were thus called "
2444:
1606:
Peter F. Kopp: Die frühesten Spielkarten in der Schweiz. In: Zeitschrift für schweizerische Archäologie und Kunstgeschichte 30 (1973), pp. 130–145, here 130.
1153:, where ace is the highest followed by 10, king, Ober, Unter, then 9 to 6. The heart suit is the default trump suit. The Bavarian pack is also used to play
502:
Because the earliest tarot cards were hand-painted, the number of the decks produced is thought to have been small. It was only after the invention of the
1206:
In English-speaking countries where these games are not widely played, only specially designed cartomantic tarot cards, used primarily for novelty and
654:
are used regionally to indicate that something is fake or forged. This meaning is directly derived from the tarocchi game as played in Italy, in which
737:
Italian-suited decks were first devised in the 15th century in northern Italy. Three decks of this category are still used to play certain games:
164:
that vary by region: French suits are used in western, central and eastern Europe, and Latin suits in southern Europe. Each suit has 14 cards: ten
685:
has survived in Bologna and there are still others played in Piedmont and Sicily, but in Italy the game is generally less popular than elsewhere.
824:. The plain suit cards are copied from the Sardinian pattern designed just ten years earlier by José Martinez de Castro for Clemente Roxas in
696:
experienced another revival, beginning in the 1970s, and France has the strongest tarot gaming community. Regional tarot games—often known as
506:
that mass production of cards became possible. The expansion of tarot outside of Italy, first to France and Switzerland, occurred during the
349:
and Portuguese playing card decks, and are also used in modern (occult) tarot divination cards that first appeared in the late 18th century.
2965:
341:
An early pattern of playing cards used the suits of batons or clubs, coins, swords, and cups. These suits are still used in traditional
2437:
1395:
from I to XXI, while The Fool is the only unnumbered card, sometimes placed at the beginning of the deck as 0, or at the end as XXII.
360:, returned to Milan in 1418, while Martiano himself died in 1425. He described a 60-card deck with 16 cards having images of the
141:
made elaborate, but unsubstantiated, claims about their history and meaning, leading to the emergence of custom decks for use in
2998:
890:, which may reflect the mainstream German cards of the 19th century. Current French-suited tarot decks come in these patterns:
745:
consists of the four suits of swords, batons, cups and coins, each headed by a king, queen, cavalier and jack, followed by the
582:
symbols and the four elements, as well as traditional tarot motifs. The earliest known mention of this game, under the name of
1774:"X.—A Notice of the Ludus Triumphorum and some Early Italian Card Games; with some Remarks on the Origin of the Game of Cards"
1051:
1035:
2394:
2326:
2151:
1592:
788:, which uses Spanish pips but intersects them like Italian pips. Some of the trumps are different such as the lowest trump,
2430:
1233:
comes from an anonymous manuscript from around 1750 which documents rudimentary divinatory meanings for the cards of the
2087:
2065:
2000:
983:
2375:
2353:
2039:
1664:
998:
618:
was used as a synonym for foolishness in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. The decks were known exclusively as
1902:
1882:
870:
being German for "animal") appeared around 1740. Around 1800, a greater variety of decks were produced, mostly with
2057:
1166:
785:
749:
for a total of 78 cards. Trump 20 outranks 21 in most games and the Fool is numbered 0 despite not being a trump.
368:, or "a new and exquisite kind of triumphs." Other early decks that also showcased classical motifs include the
3838:
3700:
1274:
In the occult tradition, tarot cards are referred to as "arcana", with the Fool and 21 trumps being termed the
517:
While the set of trumps was generally consistent, their order varied by region, perhaps as early as the 1440s.
1731:
221:
in the 18th century, but took off in the 1950s to such an extent that, in 1973, the French Tarot Association (
3200:
1344:
434:
357:
3833:
3790:
2416:
809:
225:) was formed and French Tarot itself is now the second most popular card game in France. Tarock games like
1557:
1408:
the suit of coins is often called pentacles or disks and the suit of cups is often referred to as goblets.
854:. The earliest French-suited tarot decks were made by the de Poilly family of engravers, beginning with a
125:
roots, tarot-playing cards spread to most of Europe, evolving into a family of games that includes German
3848:
3218:
1352:
17:
3026:
1238:
1016:
2991:
3780:
3411:
3119:
2955:
2671:
2389:. Vol. 2: Tarot Cards for Fun and Fortune Telling (3rd ed.). New York: U.S. Games Systems.
1308:
558:
1210:, are readily available. The early French occultists claimed that tarot cards had esoteric links to
828:
but with the addition of 10s and queens. The trumps are largely copied from an early version of the
722:
356:
and described by Martiano da Tortona, probably between 1418 and 1425 since the painter he mentions,
3678:
3173:
3146:
3137:
1332:
1320:
1316:
1066:
681:
description of rules for a French variant in 1637. The game of tarot has many regional variations.
630:. During the 16th century, a new game played with a standard deck but sharing a very similar name (
3236:
3191:
1360:
1340:
3843:
3828:
3299:
3290:
3254:
3245:
1388:
1384:
1368:
1364:
561:
where it was only a passing fad. By the end of the 16th century, this order became extinct. In
534:
530:
353:
53:
31:
2810:
1024:
896:
44:
3694:
3272:
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3209:
3110:
2984:
2837:
1648:
1426:
1376:
1372:
1336:
1304:
1257:
around 1900, with the result that the Marseilles pattern is now used mostly by cartomancers.
441:
361:
346:
342:
243:
197:
185:
2544:
1172:
1118:
859:
482:
3281:
3182:
2841:
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1415:
1380:
1348:
1135:
1106:
554:
386:
335:
181:
2906:
2886:
2461:
37:
8:
3667:
3662:
3071:
2870:
2845:
2229:
Jensen, K. Frank (2010). "A Century with the Waite–Smith Tarot (and all the others...)".
1422:
1246:
1146:
1141:
766:
566:
511:
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331:
189:
177:
58:
3227:
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2882:
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2757:
2586:
2305:
2012:
2008:
1440:
1356:
1312:
1189:
829:
742:
726:
309:. Scholarship has established that the early European cards were probably based on the
193:
154:
146:
3036:
2487:
3716:
3672:
3056:
2927:
2901:
2878:
2874:
2865:
2823:
2791:
2787:
2512:
2390:
2371:
2349:
2322:
2300:
2147:
2083:
2035:
2028:
1793:
1660:
1234:
953:
934:
781:
761:
546:
542:
465:
of Faith, Hope, and Charity, and are not present in any other tarot deck of that era.
1194:
157:, originally intended for playing card games, are occasionally used for cartomancy.
3740:
3684:
3632:
3076:
3031:
3021:
2691:
2686:
2661:
2576:
2453:
2337:
2295:
2231:
2205:
2184:
1929:
1840:
1785:
1706:
1682:
1436:
1283:
667:
643:
453:
369:
114:
71:
3802:
3637:
3612:
3607:
3587:
3466:
3383:
2932:
2815:
2745:
2656:
2652:
2601:
2341:
2061:
1906:
1886:
1735:
1724:
1624:
1561:
1404:(lesser secrets) consists of 56 cards, divided into four suits of 14 cards each;
1122:
1058:
962:
883:
753:
709:
634:) was quickly becoming popular. This coincided with the older game being renamed
599:
518:
470:
422:
381:
310:
289:
93:
1974:
1627:: Kultur- und Kunstgeschichte der Spielkarte. Marburg: Jonas Verlag 1995, p. 43.
192:. In addition, and unlike standard packs, the tarot also has a separate 21-card
3823:
3770:
3642:
3627:
3617:
3597:
3592:
3569:
3549:
3471:
3446:
3441:
3421:
3388:
3363:
3358:
3338:
3155:
2631:
2571:
2179:
1835:
1701:
1677:
1644:
1636:
1392:
1324:
837:
550:
503:
445:
165:
2422:
2266:
1948:
1789:
1202:
cards inspired by the Tarot of Marseilles, but with the author's graphic style
1126:
3817:
3622:
3602:
3582:
3577:
3554:
3529:
3524:
3504:
3476:
3461:
3451:
3431:
3426:
3403:
3393:
3378:
3368:
3348:
3343:
3320:
3046:
2937:
2819:
2781:
2737:
2729:
2309:
2120:
1797:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1211:
1072:
909:
565:, the World was highest, followed by the Angel; this ordering is used in the
306:
294:
113:, used from at least the mid-15th century in various parts of Europe to play
2591:
2115:
1864:
917:– has a 78-card pack. It is commonly used for tarot games in France and for
510:. The most prominent tarot deck version used in these two countries was the
226:
134:
3751:
3559:
3544:
3534:
3514:
3509:
3486:
3456:
3436:
3416:
3373:
3353:
3333:
3328:
3309:
3096:
3086:
2922:
2829:
2721:
2681:
2676:
2647:
2611:
2606:
2566:
2497:
1652:
1401:
1298:
1294:
1279:
1275:
1250:
1199:
1114:
1110:
990:
938:
918:
693:
538:
507:
414:
298:
231:
214:
161:
130:
110:
61:, a standard 18th-century playing card pack, later also used for divination
3709:
3689:
3539:
3519:
3499:
3494:
3081:
3066:
3061:
2890:
2616:
2502:
1899:
1879:
1430:
966:
958:
887:
411:
315:
302:
235:
2054:
1859:
1301:. Their names and numbers vary, but in a typical scheme, the names are:
394:
The first documented tarot decks were recorded between 1440 and 1450 in
3735:
3164:
2833:
2482:
2116:"Historic Cards and Games: The Stuart and Marilyn R. Kaplan Collection"
1328:
1230:
1207:
929:
863:
851:
682:
557:
and the Angel. This group spread mainly to the northeast to Venice and
319:
150:
142:
126:
118:
1571:
708:—are widely played in central Europe within the borders of the former
594:
2896:
2561:
2477:
2144:
Re-Symbolization of the Self: Human Development and Tarot Hermeneutic
1565:
1154:
1150:
1102:
871:
855:
793:
746:
579:
574:
417:
were added to the common four-suit pack. These new decks were called
201:
173:
138:
1289:
The 78-card tarot deck used by esotericists has two distinct parts:
3797:
3041:
2596:
2243:
2160:
1741:
1728:
1260:
1242:
1215:
1130:
833:
821:
672:
631:
526:
430:
403:
218:
1485:
1463:"Diligence and Fortune" is the contemporary meaning of the phrase
949:
packs. Its trumps use Arabic numerals but within centered indices.
425:, which became "trumps" in English. The earliest documentation of
390:
The magician from the Pierpont Morgan Bergamo Visconti-Sforza pack
2581:
2517:
1444:
1223:
1098:
817:
813:
689:
623:
522:
407:
399:
280:
255:
247:
973:, but the Arabic numerals are centred as in the Adler-Cego pack.
602:
tarot deck: Ace of cups, Queen of coins and the Knight of batons
2976:
2621:
2522:
2507:
2492:
2411:
1552:
1414:
The terms "Major Arcana" and "Minor Arcana" were first used by
1219:
942:
875:
825:
440:
The oldest surviving tarot cards are the 15 or so decks of the
259:
251:
2535:
2301:
The Book of Thoth: A Short Essay on the Tarot of the Egyptians
1816:
1105:
pattern. These are not true tarot packs, but standard 36-card
658:
indicates a card that can be played in place of another card.
80:
2666:
925:. Its genre art trumps use Arabic numerals in corner indices.
622:
during the fifteenth century. The new name first appeared in
562:
395:
325:
The first records of playing cards in Europe date to 1367 in
284:
122:
1909:
at Le Tarot Cultural Association. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
1889:
at Le Tarot Cultural Association. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
287:
in northern Italy, with the Fool and 21 trumps (then called
2556:
1421:
The three most common decks used in esoteric tarot are the
1042:
922:
879:
326:
270:
239:
83:
1804:
421:, triumph cards, and the additional cards known simply as
293:) being added to the standard Italian pack of four suits:
2096:
921:
in Denmark. It is also sometimes used in Germany to play
169:
2203:
Dummett, Michael (2003). "Tarot Cartomancy in Bologna".
1753:
1641:
Skeptical—a Handbook of Pseudoscience and the Paranormal
429:
is found in a written statement in the court records of
1391:. Cards from The Magician to The World are numbered in
1253:
players abandoned the Marseilles tarot in favor of the
1125:. Until the 1980s there were also Tarock packs in the
444:
painted in the mid-15th century for the rulers of the
2335:
2249:
2166:
1747:
1577:
1491:
945:
It has 54 cards organized in the same fashion as the
553:. In Ferrara, the World was the highest, followed by
2272:
1237:. The popularization of esoteric tarot started with
77:
74:
2027:
1525:
433:, in 1440, regarding the transfer of two decks to
262:are still played locally in parts of Switzerland.
2182:(1989). "Italian Cards: New Discoveries, no. 9".
537:. This group spread mainly southward through the
3815:
2697:(all played with 36-card French or German packs)
2080:Il mondo e l'angelo: i tarocchi e la loro storia
1245:(Etteilla) in Paris during the 1780s, using the
352:A lost tarot-like pack was commissioned by Duke
2452:
2034:(1 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1297:(greater secrets) consists of 22 cards without
1267:, Etteilla's tarot contained themes related to
1229:The earliest evidence of a tarot deck used for
796:. The cards are quite small and not reversible.
775:
578:was later used. This deck of 97 cards includes
937:and neighbouring mountain regions such as the
933:– this is an animal tarot that is used in the
812:was produced around 1820 by Giacomo Recchi of
160:Like the common playing cards, tarot has four
2992:
2438:
2005:A History of Games Played with the Tarot Pack
1999:
1822:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
614:, the origin of which is uncertain, although
366:novum quoddam et exquisitum triumphorum genus
2319:Le Tarot, ses règles et toutes ses variantes
1927:: jeux de cartes italiens autours de 1500".
1471:, Cölln am Rhein: Metternich, pp. 72 and 83.
1022:
894:
882:packs - the Cego Adler pack manufactured by
42:
2267:https://www.britannica.com/topic/tarot-game
2146:. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers. p. 33.
1680:(1989). "Italian Cards - New Discoveries".
1467:. See, for example, Placardi, Carl (1766).
2999:
2985:
2445:
2431:
1738:at trionfi.com. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
1597:at wopc.co.uk. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
1497:
638:. In modern Italian, the singular term is
207:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2082:. Napoli: Bibliopolis. pp. 406–407.
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
2141:
1918:
1439:, who devised the Thoth deck along with
1193:
721:
671:
593:
481:
385:
271:Playing cards and early tarot-like games
234:being a derivative of historical German
52:
36:
2362:
2294:
2278:
2202:
2178:
2172:
2077:
2025:
1834:
1810:
1759:
1700:
1676:
1520:
832:. At that time, Liguria, Sardinia, and
717:
41:Card player with Austrian tarot cards (
14:
3816:
2384:
2316:
2228:
2217:
2102:
1771:
1704:(2012). "In Search of Tarot Sources".
1588:
1586:
1537:
1531:
1469:Das Kaiserliche Sprach- und Wörterbuch
1091:
845:
803:
784:is the only deck to use the so-called
521:placed them into three categories. In
452:Some late 15th century decks like the
2980:
2426:
2250:Decker, Depaulis & Dummett (1996)
2167:Decker, Depaulis & Dummett (1996)
1748:Decker, Depaulis & Dummett (1996)
1578:Decker, Depaulis & Dummett (1996)
1492:Decker, Depaulis & Dummett (1996)
661:
642:, which, as a noun, is a cultivar of
572:In Florence, an expanded deck called
372:and Boiardo-Viti decks of the 1490s.
490:, a partial uncut sheet of Milanese
375:
3786:
2961:
1583:
1133:ranging from 6 to 10, Under Knave (
410:, when additional trump cards with
24:
2066:International Playing-Card Society
250:and Sicilian Tarocchi in parts of
137:. In the late 18th century French
27:Cards used for games or divination
25:
3860:
2404:
1919:Depaulis, Thierry (2008). "Entre
1129:pattern. There are 36 cards; the
3796:
3785:
3776:
3775:
3766:
3765:
3006:
2960:
2951:
2950:
2786:
2776:
2766:
2756:
2742:
2534:
2410:
2068:website. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
1858:
1165:
1065:
1050:
1034:
1015:
997:
982:
808:The sole surviving example of a
797:
196:suit and a single card known as
70:
2255:
2196:
2135:
2108:
2071:
2048:
2019:
1993:
1967:
1941:
1912:
1892:
1872:
1852:
1828:
1765:
1718:
1694:
1670:
1630:
1457:
1282:, terms not used by players of
3701:The Pictorial Key to the Tarot
3404:Wands, rods, staffs, or staves
2734:
2726:
2308:(reprint ed.). New York:
2288:
2261:Parlett, David. "tarot game".
2030:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
1880:About the etymology of Tarocco
1838:(2015). "1499-1506: Firenze".
1659:, Imagecraft, Canberra, 1989,
1618:
1609:
1600:
1594:Early History of Playing Cards
676:A French tarot game in session
477:
13:
1:
2718:
2055:Tarocco Siciliano, early form
1863:The dictionary definition of
1478:
1183:
1076:
1005:
886:and one with genre scenes by
495:
435:Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta
223:Fédération Française de Tarot
2938:Trull (Sküs, Mond and Pagat)
1568:. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
1145:), King, and Ace. These use
836:were all territories of the
776:Italo-Portuguese-suited deck
606:The word "tarot" and German
589:
7:
2454:Tarot and Tarock card games
2385:Kaplan, Stuart R. (2003) .
1823:Dummett & McLeod (2004)
1425:(a playing card pack), the
529:, the highest trump is the
275:Tarot cards, then known as
10:
3865:
3321:Coins, disks, or pentacles
1187:
665:
549:but was also known in the
545:, and finally down to the
379:
265:
29:
3761:
3728:
3655:
3568:
3487:Cups, goblets, or vessels
3485:
3402:
3319:
3308:
3095:
3014:
2946:
2915:
2855:
2800:
2705:
2640:
2543:
2532:
2460:
2387:The Encyclopedia of Tarot
2078:Dummett, Michael (1993).
1790:10.1017/S0261340900027636
129:and modern games such as
3027:Antoine Court de Gébelin
2269:. Accessed 26 June 2022.
1905:25 February 2021 at the
1885:24 February 2021 at the
1734:24 February 2021 at the
1729:Studies on Giusto Giusti
1560:29 November 2019 at the
1450:
1157:by excluding the Sixes.
1004:Salzburg veduta trumps,
969:similar to those of the
610:derive from the Italian
217:was largely confined to
2549:(Fool as highest trump)
2317:Daynes, Daniel (2000).
2263:Encyclopedia Britannica
2142:Semetsky, Inna (2011).
2026:Parlett, David (1990).
2003:; McLeod, John (2004).
1772:Steele, Robert (1900).
1554:Card Games: Tarot Games
1278:and the suit cards the
710:Austro-Hungarian empire
208:Geographic distribution
168:numbering from one (or
2966:WikiProject Card Games
2346:A Wicked Pack of Cards
1243:Jean-Baptiste Alliette
1203:
1023:
895:
786:Portuguese suit system
734:
677:
603:
514:, of Milanese origin.
499:
391:
354:Filippo Maria Visconti
62:
50:
43:
32:Tarot (disambiguation)
3839:Christian iconography
3679:Salvador Dali's Tarot
2838:Bavarian Animal Tarot
2370:. London: Duckworth.
2348:. London: Duckworth.
1690:(1, 2): 28–32, 33–38.
1197:
725:
675:
597:
485:
442:Visconti-Sforza Tarot
389:
56:
40:
2842:Belgian Animal Tarot
2627:Viennese Grosstarock
2526:(hybrid type II/III)
2419:at Wikimedia Commons
2060:1 March 2021 at the
1416:Jean-Baptiste Pitois
718:Italian-suited decks
358:Michelino da Besozzo
336:Freiburg im Breisgau
311:Egyptian Mamluk deck
279:, first appeared in
30:For other uses, see
3834:Italian Renaissance
3803:Religion portal
3781:Card games category
3082:Arthur Edward Waite
3072:Pamela Colman Smith
2846:Danish Animal Tarot
2811:Industrie und Glück
2470:(Fool as an excuse)
2105:, pp. 355–358.
1465:Industrie und Glück
1423:Tarot of Marseilles
1247:Tarot of Marseilles
1107:German-suited decks
1092:German Tarock cards
1025:Industrie und Glück
947:Industrie und Glück
903:Industrie und Glück
897:Industrie und Glück
846:French-suited decks
810:Spanish-suited deck
804:Spanish-suited deck
767:Tarot of Marseilles
598:Three cards from a
567:Tarot of Marseilles
512:Tarot of Marseilles
463:theological virtues
332:John of Rheinfelden
172:) to ten; and four
59:Tarot de Marseilles
45:Industrie und Glück
3849:Italian inventions
3791:WikiProject Occult
3129:The High Priestess
3052:Lady Frieda Harris
2692:Württemberg Tarock
2587:Illustrated Tarock
2306:Lady Frieda Harris
2013:Edwin Mellen Press
2009:Lewiston, New York
1813:, p. 387–417.
1580:, pp. 28, 31.
1441:Lady Frieda Harris
1313:The High Priestess
1204:
1190:Tarot card reading
1173:Württemberg Tarock
1119:Württemberg Tarock
935:Upper Rhine valley
913:– also called the
860:François de Poilly
830:Tarocco Piemontese
743:Tarocco Piemontese
735:
727:Tarocco Piemontese
678:
662:Playing card decks
604:
533:, followed by the
500:
392:
155:Tarot de Marseille
147:tarot card reading
63:
51:
3811:
3810:
3717:The Book of Thoth
3651:
3650:
2974:
2973:
2928:Trick-taking game
2907:Tarot de Besançon
2875:Cartes de Suisses
2824:Black Forest Cego
2415:Media related to
2396:978-0-913866-36-8
2368:The Game of Tarot
2338:Depaulis, Thierry
2328:978-2-85182-622-0
2304:. Illustrated by
2296:Crowley, Aleister
2265:, 9 August 2012,
2153:978-94-6091-421-8
2015:. pp. 17–21.
1427:Rider–Waite Tarot
1235:Tarocco Bolognese
820:and destined for
782:Tarocco Siciliano
762:Tarocco Bolognese
586:, dates to 1506.
547:Kingdom of Sicily
543:Kingdom of Naples
376:Early tarot decks
91:, first known as
16:(Redirected from
3856:
3801:
3800:
3789:
3788:
3779:
3778:
3769:
3768:
3741:Hermetic Qabalah
3570:Swords or blades
3317:
3316:
3297:
3288:
3279:
3270:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3207:
3201:Wheel of Fortune
3198:
3189:
3180:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3144:
3135:
3126:
3117:
3108:
3077:Valentin Tomberg
3032:Aleister Crowley
3022:Paul Foster Case
3001:
2994:
2987:
2978:
2977:
2964:
2963:
2954:
2953:
2916:Related articles
2859:
2804:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2760:
2744:
2736:
2728:
2720:
2698:
2577:Hungarian Tarokk
2550:
2538:
2527:
2471:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2424:
2423:
2414:
2400:
2381:
2364:Dummett, Michael
2359:
2342:Dummett, Micheal
2336:Decker, Ronald;
2332:
2313:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2232:The Playing-Card
2226:
2215:
2214:
2206:The Playing-Card
2200:
2194:
2193:
2185:The Playing-Card
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2139:
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2132:
2130:
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2112:
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2100:
2094:
2093:
2075:
2069:
2052:
2046:
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2023:
2017:
2016:
2001:Dummett, Michael
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1930:The Playing-Card
1916:
1910:
1898:Vitali, Andrea.
1896:
1890:
1878:Vitali, Andrea.
1876:
1870:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1841:The Playing-Card
1832:
1826:
1825:, p. 13–16.
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1769:
1763:
1762:, p. 76-77.
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1707:The Playing-Card
1698:
1692:
1691:
1683:The Playing-Card
1674:
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1523:
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1495:
1489:
1472:
1461:
1437:Aleister Crowley
1345:Wheel of Fortune
1284:tarot card games
1169:
1081:
1078:
1069:
1054:
1038:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1007:
1001:
986:
900:
668:Tarot card games
646:. The attribute
497:
454:Sola Busca tarot
419:carte da trionfi
90:
89:
86:
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82:
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48:
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3142:
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3115:
3106:
3099:
3091:
3037:Gérard Encausse
3010:
3005:
2975:
2970:
2942:
2911:
2857:
2851:
2816:Bourgeois Tarot
2802:
2796:
2701:
2696:
2653:Bavarian Tarock
2636:
2602:Neunzehnerrufen
2548:
2547:
2539:
2530:
2525:
2469:
2468:
2456:
2451:
2407:
2397:
2378:
2356:
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2285:
2277:
2273:
2260:
2256:
2248:
2244:
2227:
2218:
2201:
2197:
2180:Pratesi, Franco
2177:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2140:
2136:
2126:
2124:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2076:
2072:
2062:Wayback Machine
2053:
2049:
2042:
2024:
2020:
1998:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1979:www.treccani.it
1973:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1953:www.treccani.it
1947:
1946:
1942:
1917:
1913:
1907:Wayback Machine
1897:
1893:
1887:Wayback Machine
1877:
1873:
1857:
1853:
1836:Pratesi, Franco
1833:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1770:
1766:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1742:
1736:Wayback Machine
1725:Pratesi, Franco
1723:
1719:
1702:Pratesi, Franco
1699:
1695:
1678:Pratesi, Franco
1675:
1671:
1635:
1631:
1625:Detlef Hoffmann
1623:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1584:
1576:
1572:
1562:Wayback Machine
1551:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1498:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1198:Deck of the 22
1192:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1147:ace–ten ranking
1139:), Over Knave (
1123:Bavarian Tarock
1109:for games like
1094:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1070:
1061:
1059:Bourgeois Tarot
1055:
1046:
1039:
1030:
1020:
1011:
1008:
1002:
993:
987:
963:Bourgeois Tarot
957:- this pack by
915:Tarot Bourgeois
884:ASS Altenburger
848:
806:
778:
754:Swiss 1JJ Tarot
720:
690:Ottoman Balkans
670:
664:
626:around 1502 as
600:Visconti-Sforza
592:
551:Savoyard states
519:Michael Dummett
480:
384:
382:Trionfi (cards)
378:
273:
268:
210:
190:Jack/Knave/Page
109:) is a pack of
73:
69:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3862:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3793:
3783:
3773:
3771:Tarot category
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3574:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3314:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3293:
3284:
3275:
3266:
3257:
3248:
3239:
3230:
3221:
3219:The Hanged Man
3212:
3203:
3194:
3185:
3176:
3167:
3158:
3156:The Hierophant
3149:
3140:
3131:
3122:
3113:
3103:
3101:
3100:numbered cards
3093:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3004:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2868:
2862:
2860:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2827:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2803:(French suits)
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2650:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2632:Zwanzigerrufen
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2572:Galician Tarok
2569:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2551:
2541:
2540:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2513:Taroc l'Hombre
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2458:
2457:
2450:
2449:
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2420:
2406:
2405:External links
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2382:
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2360:
2354:
2333:
2327:
2314:
2290:
2287:
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2283:
2279:Crowley (1969)
2271:
2254:
2242:
2216:
2195:
2171:
2159:
2152:
2134:
2107:
2095:
2089:978-8870882728
2088:
2070:
2047:
2040:
2018:
1992:
1966:
1940:
1911:
1891:
1871:
1851:
1827:
1815:
1811:Dummett (1980)
1803:
1784:(1): 185–200.
1764:
1760:Dummett (1980)
1752:
1740:
1717:
1693:
1669:
1645:Donald Laycock
1637:Donald Laycock
1629:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1582:
1570:
1536:
1524:
1521:Dummett (1980)
1496:
1483:
1482:
1480:
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1474:
1473:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1393:Roman numerals
1353:The Hanged Man
1325:The Hierophant
1188:Main article:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1171:
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1161:
1160:
1159:
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1090:
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844:
838:Savoyard state
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666:Main article:
663:
660:
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504:printing press
479:
476:
467:
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458:
446:Duchy of Milan
380:Main article:
377:
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272:
269:
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238:. The game of
209:
206:
57:Trumps of the
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3861:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3844:Magic symbols
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3835:
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3830:
3829:Playing cards
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3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3294:
3292:
3285:
3283:
3276:
3274:
3267:
3265:
3258:
3256:
3249:
3247:
3240:
3238:
3231:
3229:
3222:
3220:
3213:
3211:
3204:
3202:
3195:
3193:
3186:
3184:
3177:
3175:
3168:
3166:
3159:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3141:
3139:
3132:
3130:
3123:
3121:
3114:
3112:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:Manly P. Hall
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3002:
2997:
2995:
2990:
2988:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2967:
2959:
2957:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2879:Flemish Tarot
2876:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2858:(Latin suits)
2854:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2820:Tarot Nouveau
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2799:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2641:Related games
2639:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2448:
2443:
2441:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2398:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2377:0-7156-1014-7
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2355:0-7156-2713-9
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2321:. Bornemann.
2320:
2315:
2311:
2310:Samuel Weiser
2307:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2280:
2275:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2252:, p. 38.
2251:
2246:
2239:(3): 217–222.
2238:
2234:
2233:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2199:
2192:(4): 136–145.
2191:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2175:
2169:, p. 27.
2168:
2163:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2104:
2103:Kaplan (2003)
2099:
2091:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2043:
2041:0-19-214165-1
2037:
2032:
2031:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1900:Taroch - 1494
1895:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1869:at Wiktionary
1868:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1824:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1756:
1750:, p. 25.
1749:
1744:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1666:
1665:0-7316-5794-2
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1612:
1603:
1596:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1532:Daynes (2000)
1528:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1494:, p. ix.
1493:
1488:
1484:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1269:ancient Egypt
1266:
1265:Book of Thoth
1262:
1258:
1256:
1255:Tarot Nouveau
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1239:Antoine Court
1236:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1212:ancient Egypt
1209:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1174:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1089:
1074:
1073:Tarot Nouveau
1068:
1063:
1060:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1032:
1029:Tarock trumps
1027:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1000:
995:
992:
989:18th century
985:
980:
979:
972:
971:Tarot Nouveau
968:
965:type and has
964:
960:
956:
955:
951:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
931:
927:
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:
910:Tarot Nouveau
907:
904:
899:
898:
893:
892:
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
843:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
801:
799:
798:
795:
791:
787:
783:
773:
768:
763:
759:
755:
751:
748:
744:
740:
739:
738:
732:
728:
724:
715:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
674:
669:
659:
657:
653:
650:and the verb
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
601:
596:
587:
585:
581:
577:
576:
570:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
493:
489:
484:
475:
472:
464:
459:
455:
451:
450:
449:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
415:illustrations
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
388:
383:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
339:
337:
334:in 1377 from
333:
328:
323:
321:
317:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
291:
286:
282:
278:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
228:
224:
220:
216:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:and Austrian
132:
128:
124:
121:. From their
120:
116:
112:
111:playing cards
108:
107:
102:
101:
97:and later as
96:
95:
88:
67:
60:
55:
47:
46:
39:
33:
19:
3752:Tarot Garden
3750:
3745:
3715:
3708:
3699:
3677:
3310:Minor Arcana
3120:The Magician
3097:Major Arcana
3087:Oswald Wirth
3057:Éliphas Lévi
3008:Occult tarot
2923:Playing card
2830:Animal tarot
2682:Six-bid solo
2677:German Tarok
2657:Haferltarock
2648:Bauerntarock
2612:Strohmandeln
2607:Point Tarock
2567:Dreiertarock
2498:French Tarot
2488:Danish Tarok
2386:
2367:
2345:
2318:
2299:
2281:, p. 5.
2274:
2262:
2257:
2245:
2236:
2230:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2189:
2183:
2174:
2162:
2143:
2137:
2125:. Retrieved
2119:
2110:
2098:
2079:
2073:
2050:
2029:
2021:
2004:
1995:
1983:. Retrieved
1981:(in Italian)
1978:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1955:(in Italian)
1952:
1943:
1937:(2): 89–102.
1934:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1894:
1874:
1865:
1854:
1845:
1839:
1830:
1818:
1806:
1781:
1778:Archaeologia
1777:
1767:
1755:
1743:
1720:
1711:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1681:
1672:
1653:Colin Groves
1649:David Vernon
1640:
1632:
1620:
1611:
1602:
1593:
1573:
1553:
1534:, p. 6.
1527:
1487:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1435:
1420:
1413:
1402:Minor Arcana
1309:The Magician
1295:Major Arcana
1288:
1280:Minor Arcana
1276:Major Arcana
1273:
1259:
1251:French tarot
1228:
1218:, the Indic
1205:
1200:Major Arcana
1140:
1134:
1115:Bauerntarock
1111:German Tarok
1095:
1088:
991:Animal Tarot
970:
967:genre scenes
952:
946:
939:Black Forest
928:
919:Danish Tarok
914:
908:
902:
867:
849:
842:
807:
800:
789:
779:
772:
736:
730:
714:
705:
701:
697:
694:French tarot
687:
679:
655:
651:
647:
644:blood orange
639:
635:
627:
619:
615:
611:
607:
605:
583:
580:astrological
573:
571:
539:Papal States
516:
508:Italian Wars
501:
491:
487:
468:
439:
426:
418:
393:
365:
351:
340:
324:
316:suit symbols
288:
276:
274:
254:. Meanwhile
232:Danish Tarok
222:
215:French Tarot
211:
159:
131:French Tarot
105:
104:
99:
98:
92:
65:
64:
3710:Thoth Tarot
3695:Rider–Waite
3673:Motherpeace
3174:The Chariot
3147:The Emperor
3138:The Empress
3067:Mouni Sadhu
3062:G. O. Mebes
2617:Tapp Tarock
2503:Grosstarock
2417:Tarot cards
2289:Works cited
2213:(2): 79–88.
2127:3 September
1985:9 September
1975:"Taroccare"
1959:9 September
1925:barzelletta
1848:(1): 61–71.
1657:Simon Brown
1431:Thoth Tarot
1333:The Chariot
1321:The Emperor
1317:The Empress
1127:Württemberg
1080: 1910
1009: 1840
959:F.X. Schmid
954:Schmid-Cego
888:F.X. Schmid
757:Piemontese.
478:Propagation
469:Although a
412:allegorical
320:court cards
236:Grosstarock
18:Tarot cards
3818:Categories
3736:Cartomancy
3685:Sola Busca
3668:Marseilles
3313:suit cards
3237:Temperance
3192:The Hermit
3165:The Lovers
3015:Occultists
2883:Piemontese
2871:Marseilles
2834:Adler Cego
2592:Königrufen
2483:Tarocchini
2121:Christie's
1479:References
1429:, and the
1361:Temperance
1341:The Hermit
1329:The Lovers
1231:cartomancy
1208:divination
1184:Cartomancy
1103:Franconian
961:is of the
930:Adler-Cego
864:Tiertarock
852:card games
683:Tarocchini
488:Cary sheet
370:Sola-Busca
362:Roman gods
227:Königrufen
202:card games
174:face cards
151:cartomancy
143:divination
139:occultists
135:Königrufen
127:Grosstarok
119:Tarocchini
115:card games
3690:Swiss 1JJ
3300:The World
3291:Judgement
3255:The Tower
3246:The Devil
3206:XI (VIII)
3179:VIII (XI)
2902:Siciliano
2897:Minchiate
2866:Bolognese
2562:Dreierles
2478:Minchiate
2298:(1969) .
1949:"Tarocco"
1798:2051-3186
1714:(2): 100.
1566:pagat.com
1389:The World
1385:Judgement
1369:The Tower
1365:The Devil
1155:Schafkopf
1151:klaverjas
1131:pip cards
872:genre art
856:Minchiate
794:stamp tax
747:pip cards
652:Taroccare
590:Etymology
575:Minchiate
471:Dominican
457:standard.
244:Ottocento
166:pip cards
117:such as
3663:B.O.T.A.
3273:The Moon
3264:The Star
3210:Strength
3111:The Fool
3042:Etteilla
2956:Category
2887:Besançon
2746:Diamonds
2597:Kosakeln
2545:Type III
2366:(1980).
2344:(1996).
2058:Archived
1903:Archived
1883:Archived
1732:Archived
1558:Archived
1377:The Moon
1373:The Star
1337:Strength
1305:The Fool
1261:Etteilla
1216:Kabbalah
1099:Bavarian
858:deck by
834:Piedmont
822:Sardinia
636:tarocchi
612:Tarocchi
527:Florence
492:tarocchi
431:Florence
404:Florence
277:tarocchi
219:Provence
198:the Fool
100:tarocchi
49:pattern)
3729:Related
3282:The Sun
3183:Justice
2933:Trionfi
2848:, etc.)
2582:Husarln
2518:Troccas
2064:at the
1667:, p. 67
1445:Qabalah
1381:The Sun
1349:Justice
1224:I Ching
1149:, like
1075:trumps
941:or the
818:Liguria
814:Oneglia
790:Miseria
656:tarocco
648:Tarocco
640:Tarocco
632:Trionfa
628:Tarocho
624:Brescia
620:Trionfi
584:germini
555:Justice
523:Bologna
427:trionfi
423:trionfi
408:Bologna
400:Ferrara
347:Spanish
343:Italian
290:trionfi
281:Ferrara
266:History
256:Troccas
248:Bologna
230:games,
123:Italian
106:tarocks
94:trionfi
3633:Knight
3550:Knight
3467:Knight
3384:Knight
3298:
3289:
3280:
3271:
3262:
3253:
3244:
3235:
3226:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3190:
3181:
3172:
3163:
3154:
3145:
3136:
3127:
3118:
3109:
2856:Packs
2801:Packs
2782:Hearts
2772:Leaves
2762:Acorns
2751:German
2738:Hearts
2730:Spades
2713:French
2622:Troggu
2523:Troggu
2508:Scarto
2493:Droggn
2462:Type I
2393:
2374:
2352:
2325:
2150:
2086:
2038:
1796:
1663:
1387:, and
1220:Tantra
1045:trumps
1041:Adler
943:Vosges
901:– the
876:veduta
826:Madrid
729:: the
706:tarokk
698:tarock
616:taroch
608:Tarock
559:Trento
541:, the
307:swords
295:batons
260:Troggu
252:Sicily
188:, and
186:Knight
3824:Tarot
3746:Tarot
3656:Decks
3638:Queen
3613:Eight
3608:Seven
3588:Three
3555:Queen
3530:Eight
3525:Seven
3505:Three
3472:Queen
3447:Eight
3442:Seven
3422:Three
3389:Queen
3364:Eight
3359:Seven
3339:Three
3269:XVIII
3228:Death
2891:Swiss
2792:Bells
2722:Clubs
2706:Suits
2667:Dobbm
1921:farsa
1866:tarot
1643:, ed
1451:Notes
1357:Death
1299:suits
1222:, or
1175:cards
1136:Unter
1057:Cego
704:, or
702:tarok
563:Milan
535:World
531:Angel
396:Milan
299:coins
285:Milan
194:trump
182:Queen
162:suits
66:Tarot
3643:King
3628:Page
3618:Nine
3598:Five
3593:Four
3560:King
3545:Page
3535:Nine
3515:Five
3510:Four
3477:King
3462:Page
3452:Nine
3432:Five
3427:Four
3394:King
3379:Page
3369:Nine
3349:Five
3344:Four
3260:XVII
3224:XIII
2687:Tapp
2672:Frog
2662:Dapp
2557:Cego
2391:ISBN
2372:ISBN
2350:ISBN
2323:ISBN
2148:ISBN
2129:2023
2084:ISBN
2036:ISBN
1987:2020
1961:2020
1794:ISSN
1661:ISBN
1400:The
1293:The
1241:and
1142:Ober
1121:and
1101:and
1043:Cego
923:Cego
880:Cego
868:Tier
780:The
760:The
752:The
741:The
733:card
731:Fool
525:and
498:1500
486:The
406:and
327:Bern
318:and
305:and
303:cups
283:and
258:and
240:Cego
178:King
149:and
145:via
3623:Ten
3603:Six
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