340:
315:
290:
265:
31:
53:
370:
eight inches. However, rough-skinned newts have small eyes with dark lower eyelids, while
California newts have large eyes and light lower eyelids. Also, rough-skinned newts' upper teeth form a V shape, while those of the California newt form a Y shape, but this is difficult to ascertain on a living specimen.
373:
The red-bellied newt is brown on the upper body with a red underbelly, has grainy skin, and grows to between 5.5 and 7.5 in (14 and 19 cm). It can be distinguished from other coastal newts, not only by its red belly, but also by the lack of yellow in its eyes. Breeding males develop smooth
369:
The rough-skinned newt and the
California newt are very similar in appearance, and it can be extremely difficult to differentiate between the species. Both are light-brown to black on the upper body and orange to yellow on the underbelly. They have granulated skin, and they may grow to a length of
1066:
429:. However, toxicity varies between species and between populations within a species. In general, the rough-skinned newt is the most toxic species. Their populations in northern
766:
Amphibians' skin is very permeable and handwashing before handling will reduce the possibility of the newt absorbing bacteria or other contaminants from the handler.
705:"The evolutionary response of predators to dangerous prey: hotspots and coldspots in the geographic mosaic of coevolution between garter snakes and newts"
227:, all of which are found on the Pacific coastal region from southern Alaska to southern California, with one species possibly ranging into northern
673:
1441:
793:
1467:
1225:
1073:
503:
393:), so if attacked, the newt will take up a defensive position, showing off the bright underbelly. Newts of this genus are primarily
1415:
1536:
1454:
455:
newts can be lethal to humans if ingested, and at least one human fatality occurred in Oregon from eating a rough-skinned newt.
1368:
1459:
704:
1526:
475:. Proper hand washing after handling should prevent any problems with ingestion of tetrodotoxin (as well as infection from
786:
389:, though adults will also take fish and amphibian eggs. Most predators associate bright colors with poison (called
1472:
720:
1363:
283:
West Coast of the United States and
British Columbia from south to Santa Cruz, California, and north to Alaska
779:
1376:
595:
481:
which newts may carry), though some individuals are known to be allergic to skin contact with the toxin.
1381:
1059:
1531:
1299:
52:
649:
339:
1498:
1316:
1446:
1493:
1485:
314:
1402:
624:
8:
1251:
1178:
1163:
1112:
1261:
536:
438:
402:
289:
216:
47:
1480:
1389:
1354:
1233:
1039:
724:
296:
271:
264:
163:
157:
467:
of earlier authors) also secrete tetrodotoxin, but in lesser amounts. When handling
1193:
1183:
828:
716:
565:
471:
specimens, the toxins should not be allowed to come in contact with broken skin or
446:
442:
220:
141:
1394:
771:
742:
30:
1173:
472:
410:
321:
228:
212:
169:
1521:
1339:
1094:
1018:
858:
398:
346:
175:
39:
1515:
1148:
1004:
879:
386:
196:
114:
1279:
1153:
1011:
922:
912:
838:
818:
728:
456:
426:
405:
as they must enter the water to breed. Juvenile newts, which are known as "
1428:
1348:
1271:
1215:
1168:
1025:
972:
962:
848:
702:
390:
224:
1420:
1122:
1032:
942:
477:
434:
104:
1433:
1243:
1158:
1104:
982:
952:
394:
94:
64:
1310:
1051:
1333:
1188:
932:
703:
Brodie, Edmund D.; B. J. Ridenhour; E. D. Brodie; J. Wiens (2002).
84:
1256:
358:
coastal counties of
California and in the southern Sierra Nevada
682:
AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation.
541:
AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation.
512:
Amphibian
Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0
430:
74:
1407:
1207:
1140:
803:
721:
10.1554/0014-3820(2002)056[2067:TEROPT]2.0.CO;2
192:
124:
406:
596:"Identifying Species of Pacific Newts - Genus Taricha"
801:
364:
1513:
501:
560:
558:
409:", are primarily terrestrial until they reach
1067:
787:
531:
529:
211:. The four species within this genus are the
555:
1074:
1060:
794:
780:
526:
29:
684:. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014
543:. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014
191:consists of four species of highly toxic
743:"Caudata Culture Articles - Newt Toxins"
497:
495:
493:
1514:
385:spp. eat a diet largely consisting of
1315:
1314:
1081:
1055:
775:
449:, possess little or no tetrodotoxin.
618:
616:
589:
587:
514:. American Museum of Natural History
490:
13:
650:"California Newt - Taricha torosa"
14:
1548:
622:
613:
593:
584:
338:
313:
288:
263:
243:contains the following species:
51:
760:
433:are more toxic than those from
401:or semiaquatic. None are fully
365:Differentiating between species
1537:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
735:
696:
666:
642:
570:Toxic Animals Around The World
1:
484:
421:All species within the genus
629:California Fish and Wildlife
7:
1527:Amphibians of North America
416:
377:
374:skin and a flattened tail.
10:
1553:
397:, and may be either fully
234:
1323:
1300:List of poisonous animals
1292:
1270:
1242:
1224:
1206:
1139:
1121:
1103:
1087:
996:
933:Crested and marbled newts
903:
872:
811:
502:Frost, Darrel R. (2014).
154:
149:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
953:European mountain newts
654:www.californiaherps.com
199:. Their common name is
1494:Paleobiology Database
425:possess the biotoxin
943:European brook newts
904:Europe, North Africa
308:northern California
1252:Little shrikethrush
1179:European green toad
1164:Colorado River toad
1113:Poisonous amphibian
16:Genus of amphibians
1262:Blue-capped ifrita
973:Small-bodied newts
280:Rough-skinned newt
217:rough-skinned newt
1509:
1508:
1481:Open Tree of Life
1317:Taxon identifiers
1308:
1307:
1288:
1287:
1234:Spur-winged goose
1202:
1201:
1082:Poisonous animals
1049:
1048:
1040:Palaeopleurodeles
849:Paddle-tail newts
715:(10): 2067–2082.
676:Taricha granulosa
625:"California Newt"
362:
361:
352:
327:
302:
297:Taricha rivularis
277:
272:Taricha granulosa
203:, sometimes also
183:
182:
164:Taricha rivularis
158:Taricha granulosa
145:
1544:
1532:Amphibian genera
1502:
1501:
1489:
1488:
1476:
1475:
1463:
1462:
1450:
1449:
1437:
1436:
1424:
1423:
1411:
1410:
1398:
1397:
1385:
1384:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1312:
1311:
1222:
1221:
1194:Poison dart frog
1119:
1118:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1053:
1052:
829:Fire belly newts
796:
789:
782:
773:
772:
767:
764:
758:
757:
755:
753:
739:
733:
732:
700:
694:
693:
691:
689:
670:
664:
663:
661:
660:
646:
640:
639:
637:
635:
620:
611:
610:
608:
606:
600:California Herps
591:
582:
581:
579:
577:
562:
553:
552:
550:
548:
533:
524:
523:
521:
519:
499:
473:mucous membranes
447:British Columbia
443:Vancouver Island
350:
342:
325:
317:
305:Red-bellied newt
300:
292:
275:
267:
246:
245:
221:red-bellied newt
140:
56:
55:
33:
21:
20:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1497:
1492:
1484:
1479:
1471:
1466:
1458:
1453:
1445:
1440:
1432:
1427:
1419:
1414:
1406:
1401:
1393:
1388:
1380:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1319:
1309:
1304:
1284:
1266:
1238:
1220:
1198:
1174:Corroboree frog
1135:
1117:
1099:
1083:
1080:
1050:
1045:
997:† Fossil genera
992:
905:
899:
868:
819:Crocodile newts
807:
806:(Pleurodelinae)
800:
770:
765:
761:
751:
749:
741:
740:
736:
701:
697:
687:
685:
672:
671:
667:
658:
656:
648:
647:
643:
633:
631:
621:
614:
604:
602:
592:
585:
575:
573:
572:. December 2005
566:"Western Newts"
564:
563:
556:
546:
544:
537:"Salamandridae"
535:
534:
527:
517:
515:
500:
491:
487:
419:
411:sexual maturity
380:
367:
355:California newt
322:Taricha sierrae
276:(Skilton, 1849)
252:Scientific name
237:
229:Baja California
213:California newt
209:roughskin newts
173:
170:Taricha sierrae
167:
161:
139:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1550:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1490:
1477:
1464:
1451:
1438:
1425:
1412:
1399:
1386:
1373:
1360:
1345:
1329:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1095:Poisonous fish
1091:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1019:Carpathotriton
1015:
1008:
1000:
998:
994:
993:
991:
990:
980:
970:
960:
950:
940:
930:
920:
909:
907:
901:
900:
898:
897:
887:
876:
874:
870:
869:
867:
866:
863:Paramesotriton
856:
846:
839:Mountain newts
836:
826:
815:
813:
809:
808:
799:
798:
791:
784:
776:
769:
768:
759:
734:
695:
665:
641:
612:
583:
554:
525:
488:
486:
483:
418:
415:
379:
376:
366:
363:
360:
359:
356:
353:
351:(Rathke, 1833)
347:Taricha torosa
343:
335:
334:
333:Sierra Nevada
331:
328:
326:(Twitty, 1942)
318:
310:
309:
306:
303:
301:(Twitty, 1935)
293:
285:
284:
281:
278:
268:
260:
259:
256:
253:
250:
236:
233:
195:in the family
181:
180:
176:Taricha torosa
152:
151:
147:
146:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
40:Taricha torosa
35:
34:
26:
25:
24:Western newts
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1549:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1258:
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1253:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1184:Fowler's toad
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:American toad
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1005:Archaeotriton
1002:
1001:
999:
995:
988:
984:
983:Spotted newts
981:
978:
974:
971:
968:
964:
961:
958:
954:
951:
948:
944:
941:
938:
934:
931:
928:
924:
921:
918:
914:
911:
910:
908:
906:and West Asia
902:
895:
891:
890:Pacific newts
888:
885:
884:Notophthalmus
881:
880:Eastern newts
878:
877:
875:
873:North America
871:
864:
860:
857:
854:
850:
847:
844:
840:
837:
834:
830:
827:
824:
820:
817:
816:
814:
810:
805:
797:
792:
790:
785:
783:
778:
777:
774:
763:
748:
744:
738:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
699:
683:
679:
677:
669:
655:
651:
645:
630:
626:
619:
617:
601:
597:
594:Nafis, Gary.
590:
588:
571:
567:
561:
559:
542:
538:
532:
530:
513:
509:
507:
498:
496:
494:
489:
482:
480:
479:
474:
470:
466:
462:
461:Notophthalmus
459:of the genus
458:
457:Eastern newts
454:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:invertebrates
384:
375:
371:
357:
354:
349:
348:
344:
341:
337:
336:
332:
329:
324:
323:
319:
316:
312:
311:
307:
304:
299:
298:
294:
291:
287:
286:
282:
279:
274:
273:
269:
266:
262:
261:
258:Distribution
257:
254:
251:
248:
247:
244:
242:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
205:western newts
202:
201:Pacific newts
198:
197:Salamandridae
194:
190:
189:
179:
178:
177:
172:
171:
166:
165:
160:
159:
153:
148:
143:
138:
137:
133:
130:
129:
126:
125:Pleurodelinae
123:
120:
119:
116:
115:Salamandridae
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1324:
1280:Common quail
1244:Passeriforms
1154:Asiatic toad
1130:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1012:Brachycormus
1010:
1003:
986:
976:
966:
963:Ribbed newts
956:
946:
936:
927:Ommatotriton
926:
923:Banded newts
917:Ichthyosaura
916:
913:Alpine newts
893:
889:
883:
862:
852:
843:Echinotriton
842:
832:
823:Tylototriton
822:
762:
752:September 5,
750:. Retrieved
746:
737:
712:
708:
698:
686:. Retrieved
681:
675:
668:
657:. Retrieved
653:
644:
632:. Retrieved
628:
603:. Retrieved
599:
576:28 September
574:. Retrieved
569:
545:. Retrieved
540:
516:. Retrieved
511:
505:
476:
468:
464:
460:
452:
451:
427:tetrodotoxin
422:
420:
382:
381:
372:
368:
345:
320:
295:
270:
240:
238:
208:
204:
200:
187:
186:
184:
174:
168:
162:
156:
155:
135:
134:
38:
18:
1429:iNaturalist
1349:Wikispecies
1272:Galliformes
1226:Anseriforms
1216:Toxic birds
1169:Common toad
1026:Chelotriton
977:Lissotriton
967:Pleurodeles
859:Warty newts
853:Pachytriton
747:caudata.org
688:7 September
547:7 September
518:7 September
508:Gray, 1850"
465:Diemictylus
441:. Those on
403:terrestrial
391:aposematism
330:Sierra newt
255:Common name
231:, Mexico.
225:sierra newt
121:Subfamily:
1516:Categories
1105:Amphibians
1033:Koalliella
947:Calotriton
802:Genera of
659:2015-08-25
623:Morey, S.
485:References
478:Salmonella
439:Washington
435:California
223:, and the
185:The genus
1159:Cane toad
987:Neurergus
957:Euproctus
812:East Asia
709:Evolution
634:24 August
605:24 August
395:nocturnal
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1340:Q1545142
1334:Wikidata
1189:Mantella
937:Triturus
729:12449493
417:Toxicity
378:Behavior
150:Species
111:Family:
95:Amphibia
85:Chordata
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
1486:1041792
1447:1380439
1421:2431912
1369:Taricha
1355:Taricha
1325:Taricha
1257:Pitohui
1131:Taricha
1123:Caudata
894:Taricha
506:Taricha
469:Taricha
453:Taricha
423:Taricha
399:aquatic
383:Taricha
241:Taricha
235:Species
188:Taricha
136:Taricha
131:Genus:
105:Urodela
101:Order:
91:Class:
1460:173619
833:Cynops
727:
431:Oregon
239:Genus
219:, the
215:, the
144:, 1950
1522:Newts
1499:37409
1442:IRMNG
1434:27816
1408:15786
1382:65508
1293:Lists
1208:Birds
1141:Anura
804:newts
445:, in
249:Image
193:newts
1473:8320
1468:NCBI
1455:ITIS
1416:GBIF
1395:7STJ
1377:BOLD
1088:Fish
754:2010
725:PMID
690:2014
636:2015
607:2015
578:2014
549:2014
520:2014
437:and
407:efts
142:Gray
1403:EoL
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