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great flood that created a 350 m (1,150 ft) wide, and almost 40 m (130 ft) deep valley spillway at the start of the river. It seems the river during this flood overflowed to the east draining for a time through the Awiti Ravine, and back into the
Tarawera River flood plain by the present Waiaute Stream that drains the eastern slopes of Mount Tarawera. However it also evacuated 3 km (1.9 mi) downstream from the lake at the terminus of the Pokohu lava flow the amphitheatre of the Tarawera Falls. The flood deposited large boulders up to 20 m (66 ft) in diameter for 1 km (0.62 mi) below the falls and up to 13 m (43 ft) to 8 km (5.0 mi) below the falls.
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Whakatane eruption, runs into a 14,009 ± 155 BP Pokohu lava flow. The
Tarawera River flows across this in a 10 m (33 ft) wide channel. The 1314 eruption blocked the outlet with a temporary dam up to 32 m (105 ft) above present outlet levels, which was subsequently eroded with a
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from farms, sewage and stormwater but it is predominantly from pulp and paper mill effluent. As of 1997, pulp and paper mills were discharging over 160 million litres of industrial waste into the river per day. By 2006, the oxygen levels in the river had reached a level where fish could survive,
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lava flow just before the
Tarawera Falls. It usually emerges about halfway up the full falls drop, but can with recent rain fully occupy the drop. There have been two known major floods following the breakdown of temporary volcanic material dams at the lake outlet.
515:
Villamor, Pilar; Litchfield, Nicola J.; Gómez-Ortiz, David; Martin-González, Fidel; Alloway, Brent V.; Berryman, Kelvin R.; Clark, Kate J.; Ries, William F.; Howell, Andrew; Ansell, India A. (2022).
486:
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Hodgson, K. A.; Nairn, I. A. (2005). "The c. AD 1315 syn‐eruption and AD 1904 post‐eruption breakout floods from Lake
Tarawera, Haroharo caldera, North Island, New Zealand".
517:"Fault ruptures triggered by large rhyolitic eruptions at the boundary between tectonic and magmatic rift segments: The Manawahe Fault, Taupō Rift, New Zealand"
286:. The river commences at the north-east arm of Lake Tarawera with a mean outflow of 7 m/s (250 cu ft/s), from effectively a watershed of the
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The first, and larger, followed the 1314 ± 12 CE Kaharoa eruption. The present river start is where the
Tapahoro lava flow, created by the 5526 ± 145
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In 2009, the mill gained permission to continue polluting the river for the next 25 years. In 2010, local
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took a case to the High Court to shorten the 25 year water discharge permits issued under the
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however the water colour was still dark. Since 1998 the colour and light penetration (
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411:"Mill gets 25-year pollution consent - Business - NZ Herald News"
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Easterly view across
Tarawera River in its flood plain towards
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The
Tarawera River drains the north-eastern aspect of the
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335:"Iwi not giving up fight against Tasman mill discharges"
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on the river are considered to be quite spectacular.
365:"Colour and Clarity of the Tarawera River 1991-2008"
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521:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
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44:Approximate course Tarawera River (dark blue).
458:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics
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306:The lake outlet was blocked again after the
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386:Ministry for the Environment (New Zealand)
250:The dark colour is due to the presence of
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382:"The State of New Zealand's Environment"
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35:Tarawera River on the Rangitaiki Plains
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235:Paper pollution § Water pollution
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630:Rivers of the Bay of Plenty Region
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175:6 kilometres (4 mi) west of
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533:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107478
487:"Tarawera Outlet to Falls Track"
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363:Park, Stephen (February 2008).
308:1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera
635:Water pollution in New Zealand
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231:Water pollution in New Zealand
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491:Department of Conservation NZ
470:10.1080/00288306.2005.9515128
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282:with its river mouth west of
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67:Physical characteristics
413:. Nzherald.co.nz. 2009-10-16
370:. Environment Bay of Plenty.
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83: • location
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241:Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill
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268:Resource Management Act
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640:Rivers of New Zealand
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195:Upper Tarawera River.
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584:at Wikimedia Commons
225:Environmental issues
143:Bay of Plenty Region
18:River in New Zealand
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606:37.900°S 176.783°E
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582:Tarawera River
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257:euphotic depth
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165:Mount Tarawera
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494:. Retrieved
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394:. Retrieved
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147:North Island
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345:18 December
312:aggradation
245:Norske Skog
151:New Zealand
61:New Zealand
624:Categories
542:2292/59828
527:: 107478.
496:2023-08-23
417:2013-09-06
396:2008-03-23
318:References
280:Taupō Rift
229:See also:
141:is in the
102:Basin size
559:246258923
551:0377-0273
252:pollution
177:Edgecumbe
114:Discharge
597:176°47′E
292:rhyolite
216:Putauaki
52:Location
594:37°54′S
274:Geology
169:Kawerau
162:volcano
145:in the
57:Country
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284:Matata
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94:Length
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555:S2CID
368:(pdf)
73:Mouth
547:ISSN
347:2010
239:The
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
