671:, the basic elements of which were likewise these symbols. In common with the Bosporans, the Rus’ princely emblem indicates preferential use of the bident as the basis of the composition of “coats of arms”. Another point of resemblance between the emblems of the Rus’ knyazes and the arms of the Bosporan tsars is the hereditary character of their development. As was already said above, the “coats of arms” of Rus’ knyazes were personal symbols, not passing on to descendants, but, as with the symbols of the Bosporan Kingdom, having one basis in the form of a bident, to which every ruler added (or from which they removed) elements in the form of various sorts of “offshoots”, curls, etc. Amidst the “coats of arms” of the Rus’ knyazes one meets with even complete analogues of the coats of arms of Bosporan rulers. For example, the personal sign of
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1316:
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90:
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1039:
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1169:
975:
794:. In this form the symbols of the Rurikids survived to the middle of the 12th century. In the 13th century the coats of arms of the knyazes practically wholly fell into disuse, which is often associated with their evolution. According to many scientists, the schemes of the arms simplified so much that they lost the ability to create variants marking individual ownership. Consequently, the knyaz's “coat of arms” lost its personal character and acquired the character of the emblem of a place or the coat of arms of a family.
880:
556:
1023:
864:
20:
541:
571:
848:
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586:
832:
278:
212:
146:
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1141:
179:
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311:
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1480:
615:
509:
1153:
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1324:
120:
on coins the same symbols have a large number of additional ornamental elements. The heraldic symbols of Rus’ knyazes are known to us not only in the form of depictions on coins and seals, but also on pendants, rings, weapons, etc. Based on these findings, it is possible not only to trace the evolution of the symbols of the knyazes of
119:
As a rule, on the coins of Kievan knyazes, one encounters figures in the form of bidents and tridents. The same symbols could look different depending on the item on which they were depicted. Thus, the emblems of the knyazes on seals are depicted schematically, in a maximally simplified form, whilst
785:
The knyazes’ personal symbols proliferated widely over the territory of the Kievan Rus’. Seals with their images notarized state documents, coins were minted with the symbol of the knyaz, and artisans branded their products with the knyaz's coat of arms. The “coat of arms” of the knyaz was borne by
732:
in 943–944, noted that the Rus’, when taking ransom for prisoners, left their symbol in the form of a piece of clay with a seal, so that the former prisoner would be handled no more. What sort of symbol was depicted on the seal is unknown; it is possible that it might have been the coat of arms of
707:
traditions of the use of such signs, dating from the time of the
Bosporan Kingdom. Bident and trident tamgas are known from the 8th and 9th centuries in the Khazar world in the details of belt garnitures (Podgorovsky tumulus), in the form of graffiti on the stone blocks and bricks of fortresses
1069:
of 1996, “the main element of the large State Coat of Arms of
Ukraine is the Symbol of the Princely State of Volodymyr the Great (the small State Coat of Arms of Ukraine)” (which, despite the official status of this decision, makes a historic stretch: as was said above, the “coat of arms” of
1241:
1519:
of the union, “the emblem of the movement is the native symbol of the great knyaz Saint
Vladimir, the founder of Kyevan Rus, depicted in the form of a golden trident on a white, blue, and red field, or in black and white with no field”.
737:, who reigned in those years. It is also unknown whether these Rus’ belonged to the army of Igor, since ancient Rus’ chronicles are silent regarding the campaign against Barda. Further information on such types of stamps is found in the
712:, Mayatsky, Semikarakorsky, and Khumarian settlements), and in the form of pottery stamps on vessels (Dmitrievsky tumulus). Possibly in the Kievan Rus’ such symbols came straight from the Khazars, much like the title “
766:
testifies that this word means an item marked with the knyaz's symbol. In
Russkaya Pravda there are also other references to the sphere of the knyaz's emblems: “But for the knyaz’s horse, which has a mark, 3
899:
Despite the fact that the heraldic symbols of the knyaz of Kievan Rus’ ceased to be used in the 13th century, in the 20th century some of them began to be used in the role of coats of arms and emblems.
777:(stamp)”. Written sources, however, do not give a description of the knyazes’ emblems. Depictions of the “coats of arms” of Rus’ knyazes are known to us by surviving coins and seals of the time.
1711:
O. Rapov, who saw the trident as a falcon flying down, suggested the bird could be Rurik's family totem, while indicating that it was not generally worshiped among the Slavs or the
Scandinavians
1086:, and other administrative divisions of Ukraine, the trident of Volodymyr is widely used, but in addition symbols of other Rurikids are also used. Thus, for example, on the coat of arms and
1187:
The trident of
Vladimir is used in the symbolism of the state institutions of Ukraine, and its stylizations still continue to be used in many Ukrainian organizations throughout the world.
81:
belonged to entire families, or were inherited without changes by firstborn sons, Rurikid symbols were personal, with every knyaz devising an emblem of their own for themselves.
762:
dues and tribute; and her hunting grounds were over all lands and signs and places and pogosts.” The word “signs” here refers to the symbols marking the knyaz's property.
952:. Later this symbol was used with several modifications and additions by Ukrainian state entities created during the period from 1918 to 1920. With the establishment of
1225:
815:
1765:Родовой знакъ Рюриковичей, великихъ князей кіевскихъ. Геральдическое изслѣдованіе, предназначенное къ чтенію на XIV Археологическомъ Съѣздѣ в г. Черниговѣ.
1209:
1193:
1694:
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1279:
691:
Coast. Both this and other depictions resemble the form of a trident. Such signs (bidents and tridents) were widely used in the territory of the
1038:
1460:
990:
974:
1442:. As a patrimonial symbol of knyazes, the image of falcon has been present on the flags and emblems of several Russian cities, such as
1261:
667:
The use of depictions of the bident and trident makes the symbols of the
Rurikids resemble the complex imperial coats of arms of the
1504:
1006:
632:
879:
1336:
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1108:
1045:
965:
847:
831:
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1328:
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1248:
1022:
1438:
1216:
997:
981:
960:, and also, with the addition of a cross on a prong, as a component in the coat of arms proclaimed in 1939 for
956:
over the
Ukraine, the trident lost its official status, but continued to be used by organizations of Ukrainian
945:
936:
new states began to form, the trident (Ukrainian: Тризуб, Tryzub) of Knyaz
Volodymyr was proposed by historian
636:
1396:
1168:
1200:
585:
1436:
leading his military squad, is repeatedly mentioned in the cornerstone of ancient literature of Kievan Rus
1340:
949:
683:
is practically completely identical to the depiction on sets of belts from the
Pereschepinsk hoard of
1864:
1681:
The connection of the Rurik symbols with the world of birds is supported by a large group of scholars
1099:
1315:
800:
1087:
1836:
1066:
1062:
909:
625:
1124:
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Volodymyr was only his personal symbol, as with the other emblems of the Rurikids of the time).
948:
as the personal symbol of Volodymyr was given on 22 March 1918 as a result of a decision of the
822:
1874:
1152:
806:
724:
The first information on the emblems of Rus knyazes comes from the middle of the 10th century.
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1488:
1447:
1335:
A modified trident of Saint Vladimir was found as a basic element of the coat of arms of the
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937:
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34:. On the reverse of the coin is stamped the princely symbol of Sviatopolk in the form of a
31:
1732:— : СПб. Российская академия наук. Институт русской литературы (Пушкинский дом) 1995
8:
1367:
1351:
1140:
577:
1849:
1812:Знаки Рюриковичей: итоги и проблемы изучения // Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы.
929:
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562:
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98:
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316:
250:
43:
1727:
1354:, as part of the basic symbol of their religion — the trident umbegone by sunbeams.
854:
1697:[Rurik and the origin of the Rurik dynasty: new additions to old dispute].
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1115:
1091:
1029:
961:
668:
1403:
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1013:
763:
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of Rurik is used as a component of the coats of arms of several settlements and
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1058:
933:
769:
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121:
54:
1841:
1695:"Рюрик и происхождение династии Рюриковичей: новые дополнения к старым спорам"
19:
1858:
1829:
Bolsunovskij, K. V. Rodovoj — symbols of the Rurikids, great knyazes of Kiev
725:
66:
1508:
1302:
953:
744:
734:
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151:
78:
62:
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27:
1483:
Coat of arms of the third artillery regiment of the Italian armed forces
1182:
1370:
is used as a component of the coats of arms of several settlements and
1357:
1073:
886:
759:
752:
700:
639: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1411:
277:
211:
145:
1175:
870:
838:
773:.” Undoubtedly, by the word “mark” one is to understand “the knyaz’s
688:
178:
1771:Русская Правда по спискам Академическому, Карамзинскому и Троицкому.
1589:Русская Правда по спискам Академическому, Карамзинскому и Троицкому.
1479:
614:
475:
442:
409:
376:
343:
310:
244:
1538:Знаки-тамги ираноязычных народов древности и раннего средневековья.
1512:
1487:
The trident of Vladimir is present on the coats of arms of all the
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1387:
791:
523:
490:
457:
424:
391:
358:
325:
292:
259:
226:
193:
160:
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61:
to denote property rights over various items. They are depicted on
1591:
Edited by Professor Б. Д. Грекова. Moscow — Leningrad, 1934, с. 6.
1778:Знаки собственности в княжеском хозяйстве Киевской Руси X—XII вв.
1602:Знаки собственности в княжеском хозяйстве Киевской Руси X—XII вв.
1516:
1363:
941:
780:
508:
111:
105:
47:
1061:
on 19 February 1992 the trident was approved as the small state
1748:
1640:Постановление Верховного Совета Украины от 19 февраля 1992 года
1443:
1421:
1417:
1131:
1083:
755:
713:
709:
680:
35:
1842:
Ukrainian heraldic comradeship: state coat of arms of Ukraine
1433:
1429:
1425:
1371:
1323:
1269:
1079:
704:
696:
50:
1773:
Edited by Professor Б. Д. Грекова. Moscow — Leningrad, 1934.
1432:. The image of the falcon, symbolizing the heroic warrior,
1054:
502:
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234:
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201:
172:
70:
1767:
Kiev, Typo-lithography by С. В. Кульженко, 1908; 8 с.: ил.
1346:
The trident of Volodymyr is also used by followers of the
1474:
168:
139:
135:
1837:
Law on the State Coat of Arms of the Lithuanian Republic
1301:
Flag of the right-wing paramilitary and political party
1749:
Charter of the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists
687:, produced in the 7th and 8th centuries in the Central
1793:
in “Византийский временник”. Leningrad, 1926, т. XXIV.
1730:["The Tale of Igor's Campaign" Encyclopedia].
1428:. The fast bird image is perceived as Rurik's family
1183:
Symbolism of Ukrainian institutions and organizations
127:
1491:
which fought on the territory of Ukraine during the
1358:
Coats of arms of administrative divisions of Belarus
1074:
Coats of arms of administrative divisions of Ukraine
1791:Ибн-Мискавейх о походе русов в Бердаа в 943—944 гг.
1412:
Coats of arms of administrative divisions of Russia
747:in the north: “In the summer of 6455 Olga went to
699:of the ruling families. This was a continuation of
532:
728:, in his description of the Rus’ campaign against
73:of the Rurikids. In contrast to Western European
1856:
1652:Закон «Конституция Украины» от 28 июня 1996 года
695:as symbols of supreme authority — they were the
124:, but also to try to reconstruct their origins.
1850:The origin of the Fedorovich clan from Kozelsk.
1551:От кочевий к городам. Салтово-маяцкая культура.
944:. The status of the small coat of arms of the
781:Decline of the personal symbols of the knyazes
84:
1503:The trident of Vladimir is also used by the
1816:Рюриковичи и Российская государственность.
1667:[Coat of arms of Staraya Ladoga].
903:
38:, of which the left prong ends in a cross.
655:Learn how and when to remove this message
1805:Княжеские знаки суздальских Рюриковичей.
1628:Княжеские знаки суздальских Рюриковичей.
1505:National Alliance of Russian Solidarists
1478:
1322:
1314:
104:
88:
18:
1716:
1515:. According to article 7 of the modern
1337:Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
1255:(1929—1940, Melnyk faction after 1940).
1065:. In accordance with article 20 of the
1857:
1728:"Энциклопедия «Слова о полку Игореве»"
1475:Coats of arms of armed forces of Italy
1310:
1253:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
932:, when on the territory of the former
1692:
1798:Актовые печати Древней Руси X—XV вв.
1615:Актовые печати Древней Руси X—XV вв.
1498:
1339:(UAPC) before it merged to form the
1267:Emblem of the scouting organization
1078:In the coats of arms of the cities,
1046:Ukrainian National Government (1941)
716:”, known to the first Rus’ knyazes.
637:adding citations to reliable sources
608:
885:Coat of arms of the princes of the
869:Coat of arms of the princes of the
853:Coat of arms of the princes of the
837:Coat of arms of the princes of the
821:Coat of arms of the princes of the
13:
1564:Образы и сюжеты мифологии Хазарии.
743:, which discusses the campaign of
719:
128:Coats of arms of the Rurik Dynasty
14:
1886:
1822:
1233:Ukrainian Association of Football
1459:
1395:
1379:
1294:
1278:
1260:
1240:
1224:
1208:
1192:
1167:
1151:
1139:
1123:
1107:
1094:is depicted the symbol of Knyaz
1037:
1021:
1005:
989:
973:
916:
878:
862:
846:
830:
814:
799:
613:
584:
569:
554:
539:
533:Coats of arms on coins and seals
507:
474:
441:
408:
375:
342:
309:
276:
243:
210:
177:
144:
1757:
1742:
1686:
1657:
1645:
1630:— КСИИМК, 1956, вып. 62, с. 16.
1579:, т. I, Petrograd, 1916, с. 69.
1348:Native Ukrainian National Faith
1329:Native Ukrainian National Faith
1249:Ukrainian Military Organization
894:
624:needs additional citations for
1633:
1620:
1607:
1594:
1582:
1569:
1556:
1543:
1530:
1217:Football Federation of Ukraine
1:
1523:
1201:Ukrainian Ministry of Defence
966:Ukrainian National Government
964:. In 1941 it was used by the
1287:People's Movement of Ukraine
110:The personal symbols of the
7:
1439:The Tale of Igor's Campaign
1327:Coat of arms-symbol of the
998:Ukrainian People's Republic
982:Ukrainian People's Republic
946:Ukrainian People's Republic
675:on belt plaques found near
10:
1891:
1341:Orthodox Church of Ukraine
1057:in 1991, by decree of the
1053:After the collapse of the
996:Large coat of arms of the
980:Small coat of arms of the
950:Central Council of Ukraine
907:
758:and tribute, and over the
604:
599:
284:Sviatopolk I Vladimirovich
218:Sviatopolk I Vladimirovich
85:Images of knyazes’ symbols
1818:— М., 2008. — С. 250—270.
1319:Coat of arms of the UAPC.
1100:Principality of Chernihiv
940:as a national symbol for
751:and established over the
185:Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych
1807:— КСИИМК, 1956, вып. 62.
1786:, т. I, Petrograd, 1916.
923:Coat of arms of Ukraine.
317:Yaroslav I Vladimirovich
251:Yaroslav I Vladimirovich
1800:, т. 1-2. Moscow, 1970.
1617:, т. 1-2. Москва, 1970.
1067:constitution of Ukraine
1063:coat of arms of Ukraine
910:Coat of arms of Ukraine
904:Coat of arms of Ukraine
679:and in the vicinity of
1484:
1332:
1320:
1231:Current emblem of the
807:Ostrogski coat of arms
548:Svyatoslav I Igorevich
482:Vsevolod I Yaroslavich
416:Vsevolod I Yaroslavich
152:Svyatoslav I Igorevich
116:
102:
39:
1784:Повесть временных лет
1577:Повесть временных лет
1507:, founded in 1930 by
1489:armed forces of Italy
1482:
1326:
1318:
1096:Mstislav of Chernigov
108:
92:
22:
1665:"Герб Старой Ладоги"
1566:М. 2001. С. 53 — 54.
1247:Coat of arms of the
1012:Coat of arms of the
938:Mykhailo Hrushevskyi
823:Czetwertyński family
633:improve this article
515:Yuri I Vladimirovich
449:Iziaslav Yaroslavich
383:Iziaslav Yaroslavich
350:Iziaslav Yaroslavich
32:Sviatopolk I of Kiev
1763:Болсуновскій К. В.
1693:Voitovich, Leonid.
1368:Izyaslav of Polotsk
1352:Slavic Native Faith
1311:Religious symbolism
578:Iziaslav of Polotsk
520:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
487:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
454:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
421:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
388:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
355:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
322:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
289:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
256:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
223:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
190:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
157:Grand Knyaz of Kiev
1485:
1350:, a branch of the
1333:
1321:
1199:The emblem of the
1044:State seal of the
930:October Revolution
928:In 1917 after the
563:Vladimir the Great
117:
103:
99:Vladimir the Great
40:
1789:Якубовский А. Ю.
1509:Russian emigrants
1499:Emblem of the NTS
1098:— founder of the
740:Primary Chronicle
673:Yaroslav the Wise
665:
664:
657:
593:Yaroslav the Wise
530:
529:
44:early Middle Ages
1882:
1865:Heraldic charges
1845:
1832:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1731:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1708:
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1684:
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1661:
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1618:
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1573:
1567:
1560:
1554:
1553:М. 1967. С. 128.
1547:
1541:
1534:
1493:Second World War
1466:Coat of arms of
1463:
1402:Coat of arms of
1399:
1386:Coat of arms of
1383:
1298:
1282:
1264:
1244:
1228:
1212:
1196:
1174:Coat of arms of
1171:
1155:
1143:
1130:Coat of arms of
1127:
1116:Chernihiv Oblast
1114:Coat of arms of
1111:
1092:Chernihiv oblast
1041:
1030:Carpatho-Ukraine
1028:Coat of arms of
1025:
1009:
993:
977:
962:Carpatho-Ukraine
920:
882:
866:
850:
834:
818:
803:
669:Bosporan Kingdom
660:
653:
649:
646:
640:
617:
609:
591:Coat of arms of
588:
576:Coat of arms of
573:
561:Coat of arms of
558:
546:Coat of arms of
543:
511:
478:
445:
412:
379:
346:
313:
280:
247:
214:
181:
148:
132:
131:
16:Heraldic designs
1890:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1830:
1825:
1810:Молчанов А. А.
1782:Шахматов А. А.
1760:
1755:
1754:
1747:
1743:
1726:
1723:Дмитрий Буланин
1721:
1717:
1704:
1702:
1699:cyberleninka.ru
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1608:
1599:
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1587:
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1575:Шахматов А. А.
1574:
1570:
1561:
1557:
1549:Плетнева С. А.
1548:
1544:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1501:
1477:
1470:
1464:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1391:
1384:
1366:the trident of
1360:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1290:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1245:
1236:
1229:
1220:
1213:
1204:
1197:
1185:
1178:
1172:
1163:
1160:Shatsk, Ukraine
1156:
1147:
1146:Flag of Halych.
1144:
1135:
1128:
1119:
1112:
1076:
1049:
1042:
1033:
1026:
1017:
1014:Ukrainian State
1010:
1001:
994:
985:
978:
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921:
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906:
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835:
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764:Russkaya Pravda
722:
720:Written sources
661:
650:
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641:
630:
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1803:Янин В. Л.
1796:Янин В. Л.
1642:№ 2131-XII.
1626:Янин В. Л.
1613:Янин В. Л.
1219:until 2016.
677:Lake Ladoga
122:Kievan Rus’
55:Kievan Rus'
28:silver coin
1859:Categories
1524:References
1158:Banner of
887:Dolgorukov
1604:, с. 230.
1176:Vinnytsia
871:Volkonsky
689:Black Sea
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749:Novgorod
645:May 2023
114:knyazes.
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1725:(1995)
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1364:Belarus
1090:of the
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889:family.
841:family.
756:pogosts
701:Sarmato
605:Origins
600:History
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63:punches
59:symbols
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51:knyazes
48:Rurikid
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1675:24 May
1444:Suzdal
1426:raions
1422:falcon
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1372:raions
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1080:raions
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839:Druccy
788:tivuns
714:Khagan
710:Sarkel
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681:Suzdal
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1448:Sokol
1434:knyaz
1430:totem
1270:Plast
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730:Barda
71:coins
67:seals
30:) of
1734:ISBN
1707:2020
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705:Alan
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