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485:('Red Book') of 1576, two additions which introduced a middle stance between Catholicism and Protestantism, and reintroduced many Catholic customs. The king's additions to the church ordinance were not followed in all Sweden, in particular not in the duchy belonging to his Calvinist brother Charles, as well as elsewhere where there was opposition among the clergy. These conflicting doctrines resulted in a lengthy
320:, in which the economic demands of the monarch were met: the assets of the Catholic church were confiscated, eradicating church economic independence of the crown, thus making the clergy economically dependent of the crown. In parallel with a ban from accepting new novices, and a ban for the convents to prevent their existing members from leaving; this act indirectly resulted in the
332:
church) to ensure that they were founded only on the words of the Bible (rather than doctrines of the
Catholic Church), and a process toward reform in religious practice was thereby initiated. The same year, a handbook in the Swedish language was published describing the correct way of performing baptism, weddings, funerals and other religious rituals.
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in
Stockholm. In 1525, the royal priest Olaus Petri married, effectively demonstrating the king's consent to the abolition of the celibacy of the priesthood, and providing a breach with the Catholic Church's ban of marriage of priests. In 1526, the New Testament was published in the Swedish language.
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applied in principle to the whole of Sweden (and
Denmark), the Catholic Church formally went on strike, refusing to authorize the regime in Sweden (and Denmark). From the perspective of the parliament and Gustav Vasa (as well as Fredrik I/Christian III), there was a concrete need to solve the problem
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of 1529, in which
Catholic rituals such as the veneration of saints and pilgrimages were discouraged (though not outright banned) and described as no longer a part of religious practice by the church, and the sermons of priests and monks where subjected to control of the crown (rather than the Papal
312:
At the
Riksdag of Västerås in 1527, referred to as the "Reformation Riksdag", the Estates agreed to a number of demands toward reformation: 1) to give the king mandate to confiscate clerical assets: 2) that all church offices were henceforth to be illegal without royal consent, in effect placing the
545:
The negotiations between the royal couple and Rome were ultimately not successful. Rome was not willing to accept
Reformed Catholicism in exchange for Counter-Reformation, and the movement in Sweden declined after death of Catherine, which was followed by the King's remarriage to the Protestant
402:
of 1544, radical theological reforms was introduced. The
Estates agreed to a number of reformation principles and altered some aspects of ritual practice, including the elimination of holy water, incense, and the adoration of saints. They also eliminated requiem masses and many holy days.
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The
Reformation was initiated for a number of reasons. Among these were an impractical organisation, a perceived stagnation within the Catholic Church, a will toward independence from Rome, the financial needs of the state, as well as new ideas.
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The
Counter-Reformatory efforts contributed to tension in connection to the imprisoned Erik XIV, who came to be a symbol of Protestantism in prison. During the imprisonment of Eric, three major conspiracies were made to depose John III: the
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church under royal control: 3) that the clergy were to be subjected to secular law, and finally: 4) that only the words of the Bible were to be taught in sermons in churches and schools (in effect removing all
Catholic doctrines).
824:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
461:
John III leaned toward Reformed Catholicism, and suggested to Rome that Sweden, in the event of a Catholic restoration, should be allowed to keep marriage for clergy, use the Swedish language during church service,
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John III and his queen also performed several other controversial Catholic-leaning acts which demonstrated their intention: in 1575, the king returned the unrestricted right to receive novices to
415:, who came to the throne in 1560 and at first imposed not rigid doctrinal uniformity, but, rather, uniform recognition of his authority over the Church while admitting substantial numbers of
477:(accepted the following year), establishing a Swedish church doctrine. The new Protestant church ordinance was, however, given Catholic-inclined additions by the king: the
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and was influenced by Protestantism, and the following year, the king broke official contacts with Rome. Laurentius Andreae introduced the king to the reformer priest
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was adopted as the state religion. Catholicism was to be abandoned, the Swedish church was to return to the doctrines of the Swedish Church Ordinance 1571, and the
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in Sweden in 1536, following the Synod of Uppsala. The entire Swedish Church was now declared independent from Rome. Between 1539–1543, the king was influenced by
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Until 1536, the Swedish Reformation was in essence characterized as Reform Catholicism. The final break between Sweden and Rome occurred with the abolition of the
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took power with the same poor relationship with the pope (who stubbornly clung to Christian II and Trolle). Despite Trolle's position and his support from
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458:, who acted as a mediator in the king's negotiations with the Pope in Rome for the conditions in which Sweden would be willing to return to Catholicism.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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came to power in Sweden with the excommunicated parliament. Trolle then in Denmark, also ended up there on the losing side of Christian II, where
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in 1598. The war ended with the defeat of Sigismund and thereby Catholicism in Sweden, and the execution of his followers, in the
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offered an alternative: a functioning church under state control. The situation in Denmark was largely the same and the
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of the peasantry during the 1520s and 1530s, the latter attempting to depose the king in favor of the purported son of
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Swedish Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Lars-Olof Larsson (historian) Kalmarunionens tid: frĂĄn drottning Margareta till Kristian II utgĂĄva=2. uppl. 2003
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between 7 and 9 November 1520 that led to a series of immediate executions of 84 people, among them fourteen
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against the Catholic Sigismund and thereby the Polish-Swedish union and Catholicism, which resulted in the
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or beheaded, many of them MPs. It on the background that the pope in writing gave Trolle the right to
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who made a unionist conquest of Sweden in the autumn of 1520. Trolle was reinstated as archbishop and
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Carl Alfred Cornelius: Svenska kyrkans historia efter reformationen, förra delen (1520-1693), 1886-87
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Reduktion, hist., 6. Gustaf Vasas reduktion frĂĄn kyrkan i Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1915)
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Reduktion, hist., 6. Gustaf Vasas reduktion frĂĄn kyrkan i Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1915)
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to his kingdom. The Swedish church, however, refused Calvinism in the Synod of Stockholm of 1565.
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Carlquist, Gunnar, red (1937). Svensk uppslagsbok. Bd 20. Malmö: Svensk Uppslagsbok AB. sid. 669
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in 1592–1598 resulted in a final clash between Catholicism and Protestantism in the kingdom.
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between Catholic and Protestant sympathizers, and a split between the king and the church.
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The economic reform was followed by the fulfilling of the theological demands through the
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Front page of the first complete Swedish translation of the Bible in 1541, known as the
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since the Reformation was held in the abbey. In the capital, a Catholic seminary
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766:(1995). "The Institutionalization of Lutheranism in Sweden and Finland, " in
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countries, as the latter formed an integral part of Sweden at the time.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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is generally regarded as having begun in 1527 during the reign of King
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But the pope did not give up either. Trolle's successor as Archbishop
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During the 1540s, the religious tensions resulted in the peasant
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refused to recognize him as archbishop and rejected Trolle as a
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https://www.svd.se/var-stockholms-blodbad-en-korstagshandling
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Trolle was soon forced to flee to Denmark in 1521 during the
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In 1530, the king opened a rift with Rome when he appointed
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and about twenty common citizens of Stockholm were then
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Sweden's personal union with Poland under the Catholic
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in Sweden inspired by the king's Catholic wife, queen
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In the winter of 1526, the king offered to arrange a
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of 1593, where Protestantism in accordance with the
514:swore the Tridentine Oath, and the first Catholic
286:In 1523, King Gustav I of Sweden met the reformer
450:in 1568–1592 signified certain leanings toward a
411:Consolidation of the Reformation continued under
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345:Religious tensions resulted in the unsuccessful
261:was initiated for similar reasons as in Sweden.
130:(the parliaments demolition of the archbishop's
473:In parallel, the Swedish church introduced the
842:accompanying your translation by providing an
808:Click for important translation instructions.
795:expand this article with text translated from
610:Swedish Reformation and Renaissance literature
588:The Protestants united under the King's uncle
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2294:
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893:
442:attempted to introduce a Counter-Reformation.
194:(church strike) were announced against them.
395:, which also failed to defeat the monarchy.
316:The Riksdag of Västerås was followed by the
324:, which lost their economic foundations.
305:between Olaus Petri and Catholic professor
282:Dispute between Olaus Petri and Peder Galle
2958:Apostolic Vicariate of the Nordic Missions
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907:
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496:, which was reformed in accordance of the
481:of 1575, and his own church doctrine, the
259:Reformation in Denmark–Norway and Holstein
74:. It is considered to mark the end of the
854:{{Translated|sv|Reformationen i Sverige}}
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253:of a striking church against the state.
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342:without Papal consent or confirmation.
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3112:Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
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1210:Council of Trent § Protestant response
398:During the "Succession Parliament" in
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2225:Synodical Conference of North America
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55:of 1593, in the wake of an attempted
1233:Controversy on the Descent into Hell
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3013:Episcopal Conference of Scandinavia
2994:Roman Catholic Diocese of Stockholm
78:. The Reformation resulted in both
66:The Swedish Reformation caused the
24:
1223:Adiaphoristic controversies (first
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1743:Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette
565:Tensions finally resulted in the
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134:in 1518). Trolle was pro-union (
3097:History of the Church of Sweden
2988:Scandinavian Bishops Conference
2152:Australia / New Guinea
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378:Bible was translated to Swedish
318:Reduction of Gustav I of Sweden
3107:Early modern history of Sweden
2800:St. Clare's Priory (Stockholm)
852:You may also add the template
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1160:Colloquy of Worms (1540–1541)
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475:Swedish Church Ordinance 1571
126:and Sweden's parliament, the
115:(and with the support of the
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2174:Lutheran Church of Australia
772:The Scandinavian Reformation
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1738:Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider
1154:Augsburg Confession Variata
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244:was not in Sweden (went to
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3102:Cultural history of Sweden
2805:St. John's Priory (Kalmar)
1916:Zillertal Valley expulsion
1626:Friedrich Gottlieb SĂĽskind
1605:Johann Christoph Döderlein
816:Machine translation, like
667:. Lund: Historiska Media.
510:, during which its abbess
464:communion under both kinds
322:suppression of monasteries
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797:the corresponding article
724:Montgomery, 1995, p. 145.
199:Swedish War of Liberation
2568:Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
2245:Confessional Lutheranism
1769:Friedrich Schleiermacher
1712:Richard Adelbert Lipsius
1707:Ferdinand Christian Baur
1200:Colloquy of Worms (1557)
715:Montgomery, 1995, p. 144
615:
211:Christian III of Denmark
3127:16th century in Finland
2896:Westrogothian rebellion
2710:Blackfriars (Stockholm)
2519:Archbishopric of Bremen
2326:Saint Francis of Assisi
1759:Johann Gottfried Herder
1621:Gottlob Christian Storr
863:For more guidance, see
355:Christina Gyllenstierna
347:Westrogothian rebellion
119:) was in conflict with
3132:16th century in Sweden
3025:Catholicism portal
2868:Dalecarlian rebellions
2765:Mariefred Charterhouse
2735:Greyfriars (Stockholm)
2546:(12th–13th centuries)
2538:Archdiocese of Uppsala
2382:Malteser International
1733:Franz Volkmar Reinhard
1631:Johann Friedrich Flatt
1600:Johann David Michaelis
1410:Colloquy of Mumpelgart
969:Protestation at Speyer
949:Heidelberg Disputation
733:Katarina Jagellonica,
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351:Dalecarlian rebellions
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207:Frederick I of Denmark
138:) and was allied with
124:Sten Sture the younger
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2920:War against Sigismund
1152:Dissemination of the
974:Articles of Schwabach
964:Diet of Speyer (1529)
865:Knowledge:Translation
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594:War against Sigismund
434:Memorial coins. King
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72:Roman Catholic Church
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2454:Hubertus Brandenburg
2001:J. C. K. von Hofmann
1986:G. C. A. von Harless
1891:Lars Levi Laestadius
1595:Johann Salomo Semler
1557:Salzburg Protestants
1430:Matthias Hafenreffer
1320:John the Magnanimous
1290:Cyriacus Spangenberg
1238:Presentation of the
1095:Nicolaus von Amsdorf
979:Presentation of the
349:of the nobility and
132:Almare-Stäket castle
59:during the reign of
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2976:Apostolic vicariate
2908:Liturgical Struggle
2607: 11th century
2532:Archdiocese of Lund
2108:Old Lutheran schism
2064:A. F. O. MĂĽnchmeyer
1996:Gottfried Thomasius
1614:Old TĂĽbingen school
1254:Liturgical struggle
1217:Magdeburg Centuries
1215:Publication of the
1205:Counter-Reformation
1075:Argula von Grumbach
1060:Johannes Bugenhagen
981:Augsburg Confession
746:Mauritz Rasmusson,
598:Linköping Bloodbath
571:Augsburg Confession
522:was established by
487:Liturgical Struggle
456:Catherine Jagiellon
452:Counter-Reformation
440:Catherine Jagiellon
380:, and in 1543, the
144:Stockholm Bloodbath
76:Swedish Middle Ages
57:Counter-Reformation
18:Swedish Reformation
2884:Gustav I of Sweden
2874:Recess of Västerås
2740:Greyfriars (Ystad)
2466:Knut Ansgar Nelson
2164:Gotthard Fritzsche
2026:F. H. R. von Frank
2016:Theodosius Harnack
1943:E. W. Hengstenberg
1906:N. F. S. Grundtvig
1901:Carl Olof Rosenius
1876:Paavo Ruotsalainen
1866:Hans Nielsen Hauge
1654:Julius Wegscheider
1445:Stephan Praetorius
1420:Nikolaus Selnecker
1397:Acceptance of the
1305:Victorinus Strigel
1275:Philip Melanchthon
1248:Formula of Concord
1170:Regensburg Interim
1165:Diet of Regensburg
1125:Frederick the Wise
1115:Stephan Praetorius
1100:Laurentius Andreae
1055:Philip Melanchthon
1050:Katharina von Bora
943:Ninety-five Theses
844:interlanguage link
665:Stockholms blodbad
560:Sigismund III Wasa
524:Laurentius Nicolai
448:John III of Sweden
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436:John III of Sweden
413:Eric XIV of Sweden
288:Laurentius Andreae
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174:the parliament by
70:to break with the
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1881:Finnish Awakening
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1669:Adolf von Harnack
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1521:Thirty Years' War
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1195:Peace of Augsburg
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229:, initiating the
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34:Gustav Vasa Bible
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2343:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2266:
2265:
2210:C. F. W. Walther
2205:F. C. D. Wyneken
2138:G. P. E. Huschke
2098:
2097:
2074:Theodor Kliefoth
1991:J. W. F. Höfling
1931:
1930:
1786:
1785:
1674:Wilhelm Herrmann
1664:Albrecht Ritschl
1659:Wilhelm Gesenius
1583:
1582:
1511:Johannes Musaeus
1496:Johann HĂĽlsemann
1486:Jesper Brochmand
1481:Nicolaus Hunnius
1471:Abraham Calovius
1440:Aegidius Hunnius
1387:
1386:
1361:Crypto-Lutherans
1356:Gnesio-Lutherans
1336:Crypto-Calvinism
1315:Andreas Osiander
1300:Andreas Musculus
1295:Joachim Westphal
1280:Matthias Flacius
1180:Augsburg Interim
1175:Schmalkaldic War
1142:
1141:
1110:Laurentius Petri
1090:Stephan Agricola
959:Marburg Colloquy
935:
934:
928:
927:
902:
895:
888:
879:
878:
855:
849:
822:Google Translate
807:
803:
786:
785:
778:
751:
744:
738:
731:
725:
722:
716:
713:
707:
704:
698:
695:
689:
686:
680:
677:
671:
658:
652:
641:
635:
626:
577:of 1575 and the
498:Council of Trent
468:Council of Trent
337:Laurentius Petri
233:and introducing
162:, fourteen town
136:the Kalmar Union
68:Church of Sweden
21:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3056:
3048:
3046:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3017:
2999:
2951:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2857:
2852:
2851:
2839:
2785:Skänninge Abbey
2775:Riseberga Abbey
2760:Kastelle Priory
2730:Dragsmark Abbey
2720:Börringe Priory
2715:Bäckaskog Abbey
2686:
2684:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2645:
2632:
2619:
2606:
2590:(990/1014–1529)
2580:
2574:
2525:
2512:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2474:
2434:
2386:
2360:
2344:
2335:
2307:
2305:
2298:
2293:
2263:
2254:
2229:
2220:F. W. Stellhorn
2195:J. A. A. Grabau
2178:
2147:
2128:Henrik Steffens
2083:
2079:Heinrich Hansen
2054:A. F. C. Vilmar
2040:
2011:K. F. A. Kahnis
2006:Franz Delitzsch
1972:
1920:
1847:
1773:
1747:
1721:
1717:Otto Pfleiderer
1678:
1635:
1609:
1566:
1525:
1501:J. C. Dannhauer
1491:Salomo Glassius
1466:J. A. Quenstedt
1449:
1435:Leonhard Hutter
1425:David Chytraeus
1405:Martin Chemnitz
1399:Book of Concord
1382:
1378:
1365:
1341:Sacramentarians
1324:
1285:Nicolaus Gallus
1263:
1246:Signing of the
1190:Peace of Passau
1185:Leipzig Interim
1129:
1085:Mikael Agricola
1027:
991:
922:
915:
906:
872:
871:
870:
853:
847:
810:
787:
783:
768:Ole Peter Grell
760:
755:
754:
745:
741:
732:
728:
723:
719:
714:
710:
705:
701:
696:
692:
687:
683:
678:
674:
659:
655:
642:
638:
627:
623:
618:
606:
575:Nova Ordinantia
556:
479:Nova Ordinantia
428:
409:
371:Conrad von Pyhy
363:
276:
267:
242:Johannes Magnus
180:Catholic Church
102:
96:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3145:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3122:1536 in Sweden
3119:
3117:1527 in Sweden
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3079:
3078:
3066:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3027:
3015:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2982:Dissenter Acts
2979:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2955:
2941:
2939:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2877:
2871:
2864:
2862:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2795:Solberga Abbey
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2750:Herrevad Abbey
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2700:Alvastra Abbey
2696:
2694:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2636:
2623:
2610:
2597:
2591:
2584:
2582:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2516:
2502:
2500:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2463:
2457:
2451:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2304:Roman Catholic
2300:
2299:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2269:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2200:Wilhelm Sihler
2197:
2192:
2190:Martin Stephan
2186:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2123:Eduard Huschke
2120:
2118:J. G. Scheibel
2115:
2110:
2104:
2102:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2021:C. E. Luthardt
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1948:F. A. Philippi
1945:
1939:
1937:
1935:Repristination
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1911:August Tholuck
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1823:J. W. Petersen
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1476:Georg Calixtus
1473:
1468:
1463:
1461:Johann Gerhard
1457:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1393:
1391:
1384:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1148:
1146:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1065:Johannes Brenz
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
997:
996:Reformation in
993:
992:
990:
989:
984:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
954:Leipzig Debate
951:
946:
938:
932:
925:
917:
916:
905:
904:
897:
890:
882:
874:
873:
869:
868:
861:
850:
828:
825:
814:
811:
792:
791:
790:
788:
781:
776:
775:
759:
756:
753:
752:
739:
726:
717:
708:
699:
690:
681:
672:
661:Harrison, Dick
653:
636:
620:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
605:
602:
583:Vadstena Abbey
555:
552:
548:Gunilla Bielke
512:Katarina Gylta
494:Vadstena Abbey
427:
424:
408:
405:
362:
359:
275:
272:
266:
263:
98:Main article:
95:
92:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3144:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3006:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2964:Tolerance Act
2962:
2959:
2956:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2914:Uppsala Synod
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2820:Varnhem Abbey
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2679:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2640:
2637:
2627:
2624:
2614:
2611:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2577:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2520:
2517:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2316:Saint Eugenia
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2297:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2251:
2250:Homosexuality
2248:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:United States
2181:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2169:Johann Flierl
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2143:Free churches
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2069:J. K. W. Löhe
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1968:L .A. Gotwald
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:F. G. Hedberg
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1896:Laestadianism
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:J. F. Buddeus
1831:
1829:
1828:A. H. Francke
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1813:J. V. Andreae
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1798:Martin Moller
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1702:David Strauss
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:or critical
1575:Speculative
1573:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1547:V. E. Löscher
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1537:David Hollatz
1535:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1415:Jakob Andreae
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1351:Ubiquitarians
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1259:Uppsala Synod
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1138:Early turmoil
1136:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
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3064:Christianity
2890:Ă–rebro Synod
2848:
2770:Nydala Abbey
2755:Julita Abbey
2745:Gudhem Abbey
2725:Dalby Priory
2705:Askeby Abbey
2685:and convents
2671: 1100s
2646: 1100s
2308:of Stockholm
2159:August Kavel
2093:Old Lutheran
2036:Werner Elert
2031:Paul Althaus
1963:C. P. Krauth
1926:Neo-Lutheran
1861:J. G. Hamann
1838:J. A. Bengel
1818:P. J. Spener
1803:Johann Arndt
1752:Transitional
1576:
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921:Start of the
840:edit summary
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140:Christian II
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2984:(1860–1873)
2978:(1783–1953)
2972:(1781–1783)
2960:(1667–1781)
2952: 1527
2922:(1598–1600)
2910:(1574–1593)
2904:(1542-1543)
2886:(1527–1560)
2870:(1524–1533)
2858: 1527
2849:Reformation
2825:Vreta Abbey
2683:monasteries
2673:/1249–1554)
2654:(1163–1530)
2635:/1129–1536)
2633: 1100
2620: 1129
2596:(1164–1557)
2540:(1164–1557)
2534:(1104–1164)
2487:Middle Ages
2468:(1957–1962)
2462:(1962–1976)
2460:John Taylor
2456:(1977–1998)
2215:H. A. Preus
2059:F. J. Stahl
2046:High Church
1886:Claus Harms
1843:G. C. Knapp
1808:Jakob Böhme
1552:J. M. Goeze
1516:J. W. Baier
1506:J. F. König
1346:Philippists
1105:Olaus Petri
923:Reformation
913:Lutheranism
536:Mornay Plot
516:Solemn Mass
307:Peder Galle
292:Olaus Petri
255:Lutheranism
237:in Sweden.
231:Reformation
219:Gustav Vasa
203:Gustav Vasa
164:councillors
43:Reformation
3086:Categories
3011:See also:
2933:Tridentine
2880:Reductions
2835:Ă–ved Abbey
2780:Roma Abbey
2526: 829
2513: 829
2496: 829
2331:Saint Mary
2321:Saint Eric
2113:Background
1871:Haugeanism
1579:theologies
1380:Scholastic
804:(May 2014)
799:in Swedish
758:References
579:Röda boken
483:Röda boken
438:and queen
420:Calvinists
297:Storkyrkan
209:and later
117:Pope Leo X
106:Archbishop
94:Background
88:Protestant
2902:Dacke War
2790:Sko Abbey
2626:Strängnäs
2613:Linköping
2430:Elizabeth
2425:Catherine
2349:Education
1853:Awakening
1692:Karl Daub
1037:Reformers
858:talk page
600:in 1600.
585:in 1595.
554:1592–1600
540:1576 Plot
532:1569 Plot
426:1568–1592
407:1560–1568
393:Dacke War
367:Canon law
361:1536–1560
274:1526–1536
250:interdict
192:interdict
186:them) as
178:from the
176:canon law
152:Stockholm
86:becoming
45:in Sweden
2830:Ă…s Abbey
2658:Västerås
2581:dioceses
2365:Services
1978:Erlangen
1782:Revivals
1726:Moderate
1684:Hegelian
1587:Wolffian
1562:Landlers
1375:Orthodox
1329:Factions
834:provide
663:(2019).
604:See also
538:and the
417:Huguenot
400:Västerås
384:also to
303:colloquy
215:the Pope
201:, where
188:heretics
158:, three
156:noblemen
61:John III
3050:Portals
2996:(1953–)
2990:(1960–)
2937:(1563–)
2600:Sigtuna
2594:Uppsala
2558:(1240s)
2552:(1150s)
2479:History
2450:(1998–)
2440:Bishops
2420:Bridget
2400:Sigfrid
2372:Caritas
2306:Diocese
2238:Present
2101:Germany
1790:Pietist
1641:Kantian
1383:periods
1228:second)
1018:Iceland
1013:Germany
1008:Finland
909:History
856:to the
838:in the
801:.
500:by the
386:Finnish
265:History
227:Vatican
223:traitor
184:execute
128:Riksdag
84:Finland
3076:Sweden
2966:(1781)
2954:–1977)
2916:(1593)
2898:(1529)
2892:(1529)
2876:(1527)
2860:–1600)
2681:Former
2648:–1170)
2622:–1527)
2609:–1164)
2579:Former
2564:(1293)
2556:Second
2528:–1104)
2515:–1087)
2498:–1527)
2415:Ingrid
2410:Helena
2392:Saints
1268:People
1145:Events
1023:Sweden
931:Events
647:
534:, the
502:Jesuit
168:hanged
148:Trials
121:regent
110:Sweden
80:Sweden
2930:Post-
2652:Växjö
2588:Skara
2562:Third
2550:First
2471:(...)
1390:Early
818:DeepL
616:Notes
182:(and
2690:List
2405:Eric
1530:Late
1454:High
832:must
830:You
645:ISBN
246:Rome
190:and
82:and
40:The
2882:of
2664:Ă…bo
1377:and
911:of
820:or
631:by
150:in
108:of
3088::
2949:c.
2855:c.
2668:c.
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