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Tangs are very sensitive to disease in the home aquarium. However, if the tang is fed enough algae and the aquarium is properly maintained disease should not be a problem. It is usually necessary to quarantine the animals for a period before introducing them to the aquarium.
811:
Adults range from 15 to 40 centimetres (5.9 to 15.7 in) in length and most grow quickly even in aquaria. When considering a tang for an aquarium it is important to consider the size to which these fish can grow. Larger species such as the popular
693:) is the largest species in the family, reaching a length of up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in). These fishes may grow quickly in aquaria, so average growth size and suitability should be checked before adding them to any marine aquarium.
668:
Surgeonfishes sometimes feed as solitary individuals, but they often travel and feed in schools. Feeding in schools may be a mechanism for overwhelming the highly aggressive defense responses of small territorial
1032:
478:
1441:
Pollak, Peggy E.; Montgomery, W. Linn (1994-08-01). "Giant bacterium (Epulopiscium fishelsoni ) influences digestive enzyme activity of an herbivorous surgeonfish (Acanthurus nigrofuscus)".
1244:"Nomenclator Zoologicus: An Alphabetical List of All Generic Names that Have Been Employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from the Earliest Times to the Close of the Year 1879"
719:
lifestyle, living in open water for an extended period of time before settling on the ocean bottom near the shore, where it develops into the juvenile and ultimately the adult form.
1177:
673:
that vigorously guard small patches of algae on coral reefs. Most species are fairly small, with a maximum length of 15–40 cm (6–15.5 in), but some in the genus
1260:
Sorenson, L., Santini, F., Carnevale, G. and Alfaro, M.E. (2013) "A multi-locus timetree of surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae, Percomorpha), with revised family taxonomy".
1510:
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862:, although they have been observed in an aquarium setting to eat meat-based fish foods. A popular technique for aquarists, is to grow macroalgae in a
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are large, extending for most of the length of the body. The mouths are small and have a single row of teeth adapted to grazing on algae.
715:, looks strikingly different from the juvenile and adult forms of the same individual. It is mostly transparent and tends to have a
325:, which loosely translate to "thorn" and "tail", respectively. This refers to the distinguishing characteristic of the family, the "
1634:
843:
Many also suggest adding aggressive tangs to the aquarium last as they are territorial and may fight and possibly kill other fish.
619:
1285:
W. S. Alevizon (1976). "Mixed schooling and its possible significance in a tropical western
Atlantic parrotfish and surgeonfish".
1673:
1398:
Fishelson, L. (1999-03-01). "Polymorphism in gigantobacterial symbionts in the guts of surgeonfish (Acanthuridae: Teleostei)".
1212:
906:
1678:
1347:
Miyake, Sou; Ngugi, David
Kamanda; Stingl, Ulrich (2015). "Diet strongly influences the gut microbiota of surgeonfishes".
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of the tail. The spines are dangerously sharp and may seriously injure anyone who carelessly handles such a fish. The
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bacteria. These bacteria affect the digestion of surgeonfishes enabling them to digest the algae in their diet.
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870:. This technique not only is economically beneficial, but serves to promote enhanced water quality through
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absorption. The growth of the algae can then be controlled by feeding it to the tang.
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can grow to 40 cm (16 in) and require swimming room and hiding places.
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The distinctive characteristic of the family is that they have scalpel-like
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Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014).
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There are several extinct genera known from fossils dating from the
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Acanthurids are the only known hosts of the bacteria of the genus
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305:. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular in
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The name of the family is derived from the Greek words
1238:
1324:"Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes)"
1201:
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016).
1494:"Acanthuridae: surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes"
312:
1346:
1778:
1440:
1284:
518:
1511:"A compendium of fossil marine animal genera"
301:fish living in tropical seas, usually around
260:The exposed spine of the surgeonfish species
333:. In the early 1900s, the family was called
775:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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126:
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1207:(5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502.
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795:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1248:Bulletin (United States National Museum)
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1802:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
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1262:Molecular phylogenetics and evolution
1163:
1098:"Family-group names of recent fishes"
722:
1741:865687AC-8EC2-44AF-FF0F-0B8FFF327A10
1702:21fbdefb-27f8-47ac-af08-e50a2b68393e
1086:
773:adding citations to reliable sources
740:
649:, one or more on either side of the
357:Acanthuridae contains the following
146:shows where the spine is folded in.
700:Acronurus stage of an unidentified
590:
27:Family of fishes with caudal spines
24:
1515:Bulletins of American Paleontology
1166:"New Species of Philippine Fishes"
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25:
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711:A larval acanthurid, known as an
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313:Etymology and taxonomic history
293:. The family includes about 86
1340:
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838:Atlantic blue tang surgeonfish
142:. The orange mark on the tail
13:
1:
1170:Philippine Journal of Science
1079:
814:Pacific blue tang surgeonfish
640:
1455:10.1016/0300-9629(94)90352-2
7:
1274:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.014
1178:Bureau of Science in Manila
519:Evolution and fossil record
10:
1818:
877:
29:
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1115:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1
846:Tangs primarily graze on
246:
241:
152:Scientific classification
150:
134:
125:
49:
1153:. February 2007 version.
1143:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
361:subfamilies and genera:
30:Not to be confused with
1509:Sepkoski, Jack (2002).
1187:10.5962/bhl.title.54135
1051:Labroides phthirophagus
1047:Hawaiian cleaner wrasse
1045:, being cleaned by two
935:Acanthurus leucosternon
687:whitemargin unicornfish
262:Acanthurus xanthopterus
1502:University of Michigan
1240:Samuel Hubbard Scudder
1039:Orangespot surgeonfish
971:Ctenochaetus strigosus
949:Doubleband surgeonfish
931:Powderblue surgeonfish
708:
354:
349:1865 watercolor of an
341:Subfamilies and genera
265:
1723:Paleobiology Database
1521:: 560. Archived from
1412:10.1007/s002270050473
1164:Seale, Alvin (1909).
1145:"Family Acanthuridae"
1069:Paracanthurus hepatus
1025:Zebrasoma desjardinii
1003:Bluespine unicornfish
917:Acanthurus dussumieri
913:Eyestripe surgeonfish
699:
685:may grow larger; the
353:by Jacques Burkhardt.
348:
258:
1797:Marine fish families
1792:Perciformes families
1498:Animal Diversity Web
1488:at Wikimedia Commons
1328:Animal Diversity Web
1043:Acanthurus olivaceus
1021:Red Sea sailfin tang
850:from genera such as
769:improve this section
677:, some in the genus
1204:Fishes of the World
985:Bignose unicornfish
953:Acanthurus tennenti
899:Acanthurus achilles
1504:Museum of Zoology.
828:or lipstick tang,
723:Symbiotic bacteria
709:
355:
266:
1774:
1773:
1710:Open Tree of Life
1536:Taxon identifiers
1484:Media related to
1361:10.1111/mec.13050
1349:Molecular Ecology
1322:Jonna, R. Jamil.
1214:978-1-118-34233-6
834:Sohal surgeonfish
830:lined surgeonfish
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136:Sohal surgeonfish
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1217:. Archived from
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53:Temporal range:
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737:In the aquarium
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647:modified scales
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612:Arambourgthurus
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414:Bonaparte, 1839
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331:caudal peduncle
329:" found on the
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279:which includes
277:ray-finned fish
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1525:on 2011-07-23.
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1474:External links
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1449:(4): 657–662.
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1406:(2): 345–351.
1400:Marine Biology
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1355:(3): 656–672.
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1295:(4): 797–798.
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1141:Froese, Rainer
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1007:Naso unicornis
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895:Achilles tang
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584:Metacanthurus
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556:Gazolaichthys
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542:Proacanthurus
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535:Eocene genera
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488:Paracanthurus
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1787:Acanthuridae
1588:Acanthuridae
1574:Acanthuridae
1544:Acanthuridae
1543:
1523:the original
1518:
1514:
1497:
1486:Acanthuridae
1446:
1442:
1436:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1331:. Retrieved
1327:
1317:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1247:
1234:
1223:. Retrieved
1219:the original
1203:
1196:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1148:
1108:(2): 1–230.
1105:
1101:
1075:
1068:
1050:
1042:
1024:
1006:
988:
970:
952:
934:
916:
898:
857:
851:
845:
842:
823:
819:Finding Nemo
817:
810:
806:
791:
782:
767:Please help
755:
730:Epulopiscium
728:
726:
712:
710:
701:
690:
682:
678:
674:
671:damselfishes
667:
644:
634:Marosichthys
632:
618:
610:
603:
596:
582:
577:Eorandallius
575:
568:
561:
554:
549:Tylerichthys
547:
540:
522:
500:
486:
479:Winterbottom
461:
435:Ctenochaetus
433:
419:
399:Acanthurinae
382:
356:
350:
334:
322:
318:
316:
288:
284:
280:
269:Acanthuridae
268:
267:
261:
247:
229:Acanthuridae
228:
139:
44:
1648:iNaturalist
1568:Wikispecies
663:caudal fins
598:Glarithurus
475:Zebrasomini
411:Acanthurini
303:coral reefs
297:species of
50:Surgeonfish
18:Surgeonfish
1781:Categories
1333:2024-04-20
1225:2023-07-10
1080:References
1065:Regal tang
859:Gracilaria
848:macroalgae
702:Acanthurus
675:Acanthurus
641:Morphology
570:Tauichthys
450:Prionurini
421:Acanthurus
397:Subfamily
365:Subfamily
351:Acanthurus
215:Suborder:
1463:0300-9629
1420:1432-1793
1385:206181801
1369:1365-294X
967:Kole tang
785:June 2009
756:does not
713:acronurus
679:Prionurus
502:Zebrasoma
463:Prionurus
403:Bonaparte
335:Hepatidae
248:see text
234:Bonaparte
175:Kingdom:
169:Eukaryota
32:red garra
1553:Wikidata
1428:84816281
1377:25533191
1242:(1884).
1150:FishBase
1124:25543675
868:refugium
853:Caulerpa
651:peduncle
507:Swainson
426:Forsskål
389:Lacépède
225:Family:
189:Chordata
185:Phylum:
179:Animalia
165:Domain:
144:peduncle
36:sturgeon
1559:Q465563
1309:1443464
1102:Zootaxa
878:Gallery
872:nitrate
822:fame),
777:removed
762:sources
717:pelagic
706:Morotai
529:Miocene
493:Bleeker
367:Nasinae
327:scalpel
319:akantha
307:aquaria
242:Genera
205:Order:
195:Class:
1764:125515
1751:113935
1748:uBio:
1728:266344
1715:460871
1699:NZOR:
1679:172250
1666:114392
1461:
1426:
1418:
1383:
1375:
1367:
1307:
1288:Copeia
1211:
1122:
661:, and
655:dorsal
620:Eonaso
563:Naseus
525:Eocene
509:, 1839
499:Genus
495:, 1863
485:Genus
481:, 1993
473:Tribe
460:Genus
456:, 1966
448:Tribe
442:, 1884
432:Genus
418:Genus
409:Tribe
405:, 1835
391:, 1801
381:Genus
377:, 1929
373:&
371:Fowler
359:extant
299:marine
295:extant
287:, and
273:family
271:are a
236:, 1835
1759:WoRMS
1736:Plazi
1692:29146
1661:IRMNG
1653:47619
1424:S2CID
1381:S2CID
1305:JSTOR
1250:(19).
1176:(6).
704:near
285:tangs
40:tench
38:, or
1687:NCBI
1674:ITIS
1640:4233
1635:GBIF
1627:5385
1596:BOLD
1459:ISSN
1416:ISSN
1373:PMID
1365:ISSN
1293:1976
1209:ISBN
1120:PMID
1106:3882
864:sump
856:and
836:and
825:Naso
816:(of
760:any
758:cite
683:Naso
659:anal
440:Gill
428:1775
384:Naso
375:Bean
323:oura
321:and
61:PreꞒ
1622:EoL
1614:5VP
1609:CoL
1601:440
1583:AFD
1519:364
1451:doi
1447:108
1408:doi
1404:133
1357:doi
1297:doi
1270:doi
1182:doi
1110:doi
866:or
771:by
527:to
275:of
1783::
1761::
1738::
1725::
1712::
1689::
1676::
1663::
1650::
1637::
1624::
1611::
1598::
1585::
1570::
1555::
1517:.
1513:.
1500:.
1496:.
1457:.
1445:.
1422:.
1414:.
1402:.
1379:.
1371:.
1363:.
1353:24
1351:.
1326:.
1303:.
1291:.
1266:68
1264:,
1246:.
1180:.
1172:.
1168:.
1147:.
1132:^
1118:.
1104:.
1100:.
1088:^
1067:,
1049:,
1041:,
1023:,
1005:,
987:,
969:,
951:,
933:,
915:,
897:,
832:,
657:,
531::
337:.
309:.
283:,
138:,
111:Pg
34:,
1465:.
1453::
1430:.
1410::
1387:.
1359::
1336:.
1311:.
1299::
1272::
1228:.
1190:.
1184::
1174:4
1126:.
1112::
798:)
792:(
787:)
783:(
779:.
765:.
689:(
617:?
116:N
106:K
101:J
96:T
91:P
86:C
81:D
76:S
71:O
66:Ꞓ
42:.
20:)
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