235:"he State Constitution established the Appellate Division as the upper tier of the Superior Court." "The Appellate Division was created as part of the judicial revision that took place as a result of the 1947 Constitution. Prior to 1947, the structure of the judiciary in New Jersey was extremely complex, including 'a court of errors and appeals in the last resort in all causes . . .; a court for the trial of impeachments; a court of chancery; a prerogative court; a supreme court; circuit courts, and such inferior courts as now exist, and as may be hereafter ordained and established by law . . .'"
322:), and it may grant incidental equitable relief so that a case may be fully decided in one forum. Generally, civil actions are assigned by case type into one of four tracks. The four tracks range from Track I allowing 150 days for discovery to Track IV allowing 450 days for discovery and requiring active case management by an individual judge. Effective in 2015, the New Jersey Supreme Court added a Complex Business Litigation Program (CBLP) to the Law Division. The CBLP is a type of
200:, with statewide trial and appellate jurisdiction. The New Jersey Constitution of 1947 establishes the power of the New Jersey courts. Under the State Constitution, "'judicial power shall be vested in a Supreme Court, a Superior Court, and other courts of limited jurisdiction.'" The Superior Court has three divisions: the Appellate Division is essentially an intermediate appellate court while the Law and Chancery Divisions function as trial courts. The State Constitution renders the
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the Chief
Justice shall from time to time designate." Judges are rotated among the parts on an annual basis. "Each Part is headed by a presiding judge, who is properly addressed as 'Presiding Judge, Appellate Division.' The most senior judges of the Appellate Division serve as presiding judges of the various Parts"
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the intermediate appellate court, and "ppeals may be taken to the
Appellate Division of the Superior Court from the law and chancery divisions of the Superior Court and in such other causes as may be provided by law." Each division is in turn divided into various parts. "The trial divisions of the
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The
General Equity Part handles civil cases where the primary relief sought is equitable in nature, although it may grant incidental relief at law (damages). In most vicinages, only one judge is assigned to the General Equity Part, although the Assignment Judge of the vicinage may also hear general
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The
Appellate Division hears appeals from the Law and Chancery Divisions and final decisions of State administrative agencies. There are eight parts, designated "A" through "H," and each part has three or four judges. "The Appellate Division shall consist of such parts with such number of judges as
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after the names of judges. Superior Court judges for whom no other designation is provided use "J.S.C." Appellate
Division judges use the post-nominal letters "J.A.D." (or "P.J.A.D." in the case of a presiding judge). The Assignment Judge of a vicinage is designated "A.J.S.C." Presiding judges of
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For administrative purposes, the State is divided into fifteen numbered vicinages. Most vicinages comprise a single county, but there are two vicinages that consist of two counties (Atlantic & Cape May
Counties and Morris & Sussex Counties) and two vicinages that consist of three counties
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The Family Part is responsible for all cases arising out of marriage (or marriage-like) relationships, cases about the parentage, custody, or support of children, juvenile matters and domestic violence cases. It is also the only
Chancery Division part to hear appeals from the municipal courts; a
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for initial terms of seven years. If reappointed before the expiration of the initial term, the judge is said to have tenure and can serve until the mandatory judicial retirement age of 70. Retired judges may be recalled to serve in courts other than the
Supreme Court. Judges are assigned to the
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The
Probate Part handles contested probate matters, guardianships etc. Usually the General Equity judge handles the probate calendar on a weekly or less frequent basis. The county surrogate acts as the deputy clerk of the Superior Court for the Probate Part in the county.
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The
Special Civil Part essentially succeeded to the jurisdiction of the former county district courts. Cases may be filed in the Special Civil Part where the amount in controversy does not exceed $ 15,000 (or more if the plaintiff waives the excess). It also has a
396:(Somerset, Hunterdon & Warren Counties and Gloucester, Cumberland & Salem County). The head of judiciary in each county is the assignment judge. The General Equity, Family, Civil and Criminal Parts in each vicinage are headed by a presiding judge.
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Superior Court are the principal trial courts of New Jersey. They are located within the State's various judicial geographic units, called 'vicinages,' R. 1:33-2(a), and are organized into two basic divisions: the Chancery Division and the Law Division".
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The Special Civil Part is designed to provide expedited and somewhat relaxed proceedings in smaller cases. The Special Civil Part has its own clerk in each county (rather than relying upon the Superior Court clerk's office) and many forms are available.
582:("ny authorized officer or employee may prosecute and defend on behalf of a party which is a business entity, whether formally incorporated or not, claims originating with and not held by transfer or assignment to that business entity. . .").
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The Clerk of the Superior Court is appointed by the Supreme Court and heads the centralized clerk's office; however, most pleadings are filed in the county in which the action is venued with the Deputy Clerk, Superior Court, for the county.
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The Family Part was created when the State Constitution was amended to eliminate the juvenile and domestic relations courts in each county and so it has the distinction of being the only part specifically mandated by the constitution.
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One of the judges on each part is designated as the presiding judge and there is an overall presiding judge for administration. Appeals are decided by a panel of two or three judges from the part to which the appeal is assigned.
375:. The Criminal Part also hears appeals from the New Jersey municipal courts for convictions for disorderly persons offenses and petty disorderly persons offenses (what New Jersey terms offenses called
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If the Supreme Court has less than seven members available to hear a case, either because of vacancies or recusals, senior Appellate Division judges may be assigned to serve temporarily.
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Unlike the federal and some other state appellate courts, appeals are not allocated among the parts on a territorial basis and Appellate Division precedent is equally binding statewide.
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party may appeal to the Family Part from the grant or denial of a temporary domestic-violence restraining order in the municipal courts.
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The Civil Part has jurisdiction over all civil cases where the principal relief requested is sought at law (i.e. in the form of money
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The Appellate Division has a central clerk's office that processes the filing of notices of appeal, briefs, motions and other papers.
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trial court parts use "P.J.Ch." (General Equity), "P.J.F.P." (Family), P.J.Cv." (Civil) and "P.J.Cr." (Criminal) as appropriate.
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court's divisions and parts (and in the case of the Law and Chancery Divisions, to a particular vicinage) by the Supreme Court.
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The Criminal Part handles criminal cases for "crimes" or "indictable offenses" (what New Jersey terms offenses called
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section for cases involving less than $ 3000 and a landlord-tenant section to adjudicate summary dispossess actions.
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The Chancery Division consists of the General Equity, Probate and Family Parts. Chancery cases deal with cases where
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532:"New Jersey Complex Business Litigation Program's New Rules, Guidelines, and Model Forms – Business Courts Blog"
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in other jurisdictions, which do not require a grand jury indictment), as well as traffic offenses (including
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Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 19:1-1
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Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 7:2-2
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Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 4:1-1
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The Rules Governing the Courts of New Jersey provide for the use of certain
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553:"Complex Business Litigation Program | NJ Courts"
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515:"Civil Case Information Statement, Case Types"
439:New Jersey Constitution, Article VI, Section I
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231:New Jersey Superior Court, Appellate Division
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702:State appellate courts of the United States
680:The New Jersey Judiciary's official website
383:) and violations of municipal ordinances.
654:"Rule 1:33 Administrative Responsibility"
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
717:Courts and tribunals established in 1947
628:"Welcome to the New Jersey Court System"
498:"New Jersey Rule 4:5A-1, Tracks Defined"
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406:post-nominal letters
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143:1947 in current form
54:improve this article
275:General Equity Part
575:N.J. Ct. R. 6-11,
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330:Special Civil Part
225:Appellate Division
148:Composition method
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638:18 September
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293:Family Part
140:Established
110:August 2018
691:Categories
612:10 October
606:"Vicinage"
562:2024-04-28
538:2019-03-03
413:References
373:grand jury
369:indictment
314:Civil Part
269:injunction
198:New Jersey
194:U.S. state
80:newspapers
365:felonies
345:may act
214:Governor
320:damages
177:Website
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