1864:
334:
326:
45:
78:
617:. However, this plan ended in failure due to logistical issues and a lack of resources. As a result of this failure, the state decided to instead reinforce its existing coastal fortifications, including Fort Morris, which was rebuilt with the new name of Fort Defiance. This construction was performed in mid-1813. By the end of the war in 1815, the town, like several other coastal settlements in the state, had suffered a significant economic decline due to the
85:
52:
555:". However, in 1779, the fort and town were both captured by British forces, who maintained control over the surrounding area for the duration of the war. The fort was one of the last strongholds against the British during the war, which the British later renamed Fort George and, later, Fort Defense. During this occupation,
430:
I judged it necessary for his
Majesty's service that Sunbury, a well settled place having an exceedingly good harbor and inlet from the sea, should be made a port of entry; and have appointed Thomas Carr collector and John Martin naval officer for the same. There are 80 dwelling houses in the place.
483:
in the area to transport their rice crops to
Sunbury. However, this never came to fruition, and instead planters further inland created a plan to bridge the Newport River near its source in order to directly transport their rice yields to Savannah. While Sunbury was opposed to this plan, fearing it
576:
for
Liberty County. In February 1788, the Sunbury Academy was authorized and established several years later in 1793. The school, located in King's Square, operated for about the next 40 years and was considered one of the most famous schools in the southern part of the state. It was headed by The
612:
were stationed off of the coast of
Georgia, which disrupted trade and hurt the economies of port cities such as Sunbury. To combat this, the United States Navy launched a naval expedition to Sunbury, with the plan to use the port's deep harbor as a staging area for gunboats that would patrol the
563:
before eventually being paroled. Around 1781, the town had about 1,000 residents and numerous businesses occupying 300 acres (120 ha) next to the river. However, during the
British evacuation near the war's conclusion, the town and the fort were both burned by the troops.
260:. However, the town and fort were captured by the British in 1779, who burned the town near the war's end. Following the war, the town was economically devastated and struggled to recover. In the 1790s, the town lost its status as
637:, which further exacerbated its decline. On December 8, 1841, the town's post office ceased operations, and by 1848, the town was more-or-less abandoned. What remained of the town was ultimately destroyed in 1864 during the
431:
There are considerable merchant stores for supplying the town and the planters in the neighborhood with all kind of necessary goods; and around it, for about 15 miles, is one of the best settled parts of the country.
341:
On June 20, 1758, Mark Carr and several other men from the area agreed to establish a town on Carr's land. Carr oversaw much of the planning for this new town, including the town's layout, the
492:
who owned plantations in the area had houses in
Sunbury in which they lived during the summer and fall seasons, typically arriving in June and leaving in November. In 1773, the naturalist
403:
that separated
Sunbury from a nearby small island was known as the Sunbury Channel. Additionally, a small tidal stream located several miles from the settlement is known as Sunbury Creek.
236:
The town is located on the south bank of the Midway River, in an area that was first settled by
Europeans in the 1750s. The town was established in 1758 and quickly became an important
589:
were also gaining self-government. In 1792, Sunbury Road was laid out, which made it easier for farmers in the area to transport their crops to the port. The road connected
Sunbury to
496:
wrote about a visit he had to the town, describing it as "beautifully situated on the main" with a "capacious and safe" harbor that had "water enough for ships of great burthen".
532:. In June 1775, British customs officers seized a ship in Sunbury's port that was carrying illegal cargo, but the ship was freed after a group of local people met at the town's
2039:
1693:
406:
Around the time of its establishment, the town had five wharves operated by local merchant companies, which purchased goods from
Savannah and transported them to the town via
629:
The town's destruction by the British seriously damaged its economic importance, as it left the town in ruins and impoverished. The town was later affected by an outbreak of
1417:
479:
was considered that would have connected the Midway River and Newport River through the area separating Colonels Island from the mainland in order to make it easier for
1529:
1502:
2014:
488:. In 1772, 56 ships were recorded as having accessed the port, and on at least one occasion, slaves from Africa were brought and sold at one of the wharves. Many
2029:
2024:
2004:
1989:
1999:
361:. These three squares were named King's Square, Meeting Square, and Church Square. Additionally, buildings built in the town were constructed of wood and
2019:
480:
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1345:
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The area that would become the town of Sunbury was first settled by Europeans in 1752 by the families of Benjamin and Samuel Baker, from the British
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113:
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lists four men aside from Carr who were involved in the town's establishment: Kenneth Baillie, John Elliott, James Maxwell, and John Stevens.
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and quickly rose in prominence, soon rivalling Savannah in terms of economic importance. Discussing the town in a 1763 letter to
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388:. Within several years of their settlement, they were having a sizeable impact on the economy of Georgia, primarily farming
1750:
44:
1994:
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2009:
1729:
A History of Georgia: From Its First Discovery by Europeans to the Adoption of the Present Constitution in MDCCXCVIII
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would hurt their port's economy, the bridge was constructed, with a settlement emerging around the bridge known as
196:
1315:
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states that, "Carr entered into an agreement with five men to establish a town". However, a 1918 publication in
581:. The town was officially incorporated on December 8, 1791, during a time when other cities in Georgia, such as
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production in the region before the market crashed in 1808. This causeway was repaired annually in the fall by
650:
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273:
365:. At the time, it was the first and only town in Saint John's Parish, which consisted of all of present-day
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593:, and was the longest vehicular route established in the state following the Revolutionary War. In 1793, a
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349:. Each of the 496 lots would measure 70 feet (21 m) by 130 feet (40 m) and would surround three
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Sources vary on how many men were involved in the establishment of the town. A 2007 article from the
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who had been requisitioned by the local government. Additionally, the town and island had a sizeable
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to Mark Carr, a wealthy military officer. Carr sold some land lots to other people, and soon several
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Sources vary on when the county seat was transferred to Riceboro, with both a 2007 article in the
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471:. The area attracted a large number of immigrants, including a sizeable number of people from
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for "Sunbury and Fort Morris" about 11 miles (18 km) west of the ghost town in Midway.
1966:
1694:"Archaeological Investigations at Fort Morris State Historic Site, Liberty County, Georgia"
551:, Colonel John McIntosh replied to a British order to surrender the fort with the slogan, "
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Sunbury on the Medway: A Selective History of the Town, Inhabitants, and Fortifications
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The new town was named Sunbury, most likely after Carr's ancestral English home of
297:. The site was on the south bank of the Midway River, in what was at the time the
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The town of Sunbury was a hotbed of pro-American sentiment in Georgia during the
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399:. Variant names for the town included "Sunbery" and "Sunbury Landing", and the
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is one of the only remaining structures from the town's history. In 1957, the
524:, another signer, conducted his business in the town as Saint John's Parish's
325:
272:. What remained of the town in the mid-1800s was destroyed in 1864 as part of
1983:
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The year is given as 1761 in several sources, but one gives the year as 1762.
556:
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411:
245:
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115:
1435:"Liberty County, Georgia: An Address Delivered at Hinesville, July 4, 1876"
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233:. Established in 1758, the town was mostly abandoned by the mid-1800s.
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155:
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605:, and by the early 1800s, it had lost much of its trade to Savannah.
305:. In 1757, 500 acres (200 ha) of this area was conveyed by King
187:
618:
609:
559:, another signer of the Declaration of Independence, was held as a
544:
448:
436:
369:. The parish contained one other settlement within its boundaries,
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329:
1776 map of coastal Georgia showing Sunbury and Saint John's Parish
1863:
1631:
Swamp Water and Wiregrass: Historical Sketches of Coastal Georgia
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was established in the town. However, in the late 1790s, the
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that would be used for the buildings, and the cost for each
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was transferred to Riceboro. In 1804, the town was hit by
1701:
Southern Research, Historic Preservation Consultants, Inc
1459:
The Story of Georgia and the Georgia People, 1732 to 1860
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528:. Gwinnett also owned a large plantation on the nearby
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Unincorporated communities in Liberty County, Georgia
1656:
Oglethorpe and Colonial Georgia: A History, 1733–1783
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Following the war, in 1784, Sunbury became the first
1462:. Atlanta: The Franklin Printing and Publishing Co.
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380:around 1752. Prior to their move to Georgia, these
1628:Rogers, George A.; Saunders Jr., R. Frank (1984).
1627:
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870:
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862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
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1170:
645:, arriving in the area that December. Today, the
577:Reverend Dr. William McWhir, who was a friend of
2015:Populated coastal places in Georgia (U.S. state)
1981:
1613:. Winston-Salem, North Carolina: John F. Blair.
1585:Georgia's Lighthouses and Historic Coastal Sites
1367:(3rd ed.). Macon, Georgia: Winship Press.
849:
467:, exporting wood to other ports throughout the
337:Sign in Darien, Georgia for the road to Sunbury
248:in the 1760s, rivaling the nearby port city of
1381:
1364:Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins
1209:
2030:Pre-statehood history of Georgia (U.S. state)
2025:Port cities and towns in Georgia (U.S. state)
2005:Former municipalities in Georgia (U.S. state)
1766:
1990:1758 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
1491:Smith, Gerald Judson (September 25, 2014) .
410:. In 1761, the town became Georgia's second
320:
2000:Former county seats in Georgia (U.S. state)
698:List of ghost towns in Georgia (U.S. state)
1867:Map of Georgia highlighting Liberty County
1773:
1759:
455:, which served as an important center for
2020:Ports and harbors of Georgia (U.S. state)
1552:
514:United States Declaration of Independence
264:and was later affected by an outbreak of
1677:
1581:
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301:, on a bluff several miles upriver from
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1686:Georgia Department of Natural Resources
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439:, a manufacturing center that produced
1982:
1532:from the original on December 17, 2021
1518:Walker, Winston E. (August 2, 2018) .
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1322:from the original on November 14, 2021
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1610:Touring the Coastal Georgia Backroads
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1393:from the original on January 17, 2021
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1077:
539:The town was protected by the nearby
1405:
908:
18:Ghost town in Georgia, United States
1505:from the original on March 19, 2022
1311:Geographic Names Information System
982:Geographic Names Information System
767:giving the year as 1797, while the
687:, politician and diplomat (d. 1902)
13:
1862:
1781:Municipalities and communities of
1546:
1420:from the original on April 7, 2022
1408:"Sunbury: A once-thriving seaport"
1406:Love, Margie (October 16, 2007) .
1348:from the original on April 7, 2022
14:
2051:
1561:Morning News Steam Printing House
1286:(2nd ed.). Athens, Georgia:
1261:(3rd ed.). Athens, Georgia:
1233:Dwelling Place: A Plantation Epic
660:
1440:The Georgia Historical Quarterly
764:The Georgia Historical Quarterly
734:The Georgia Historical Quarterly
624:
608:During the War of 1812, British
288:
83:
76:
50:
43:
1433:Mallard, John B. (March 1918).
1316:United States Geological Survey
1148:
1097:Georgia Historical Society 2015
749:
740:
568:Post-Revolution and War of 1812
536:and intimidated the officials.
1732:. Vol. I. New York City:
1553:Jones Jr., Charles C. (1878).
1456:Smith, George Gillman (1900).
1280:Coleman, Kenneth, ed. (1991).
719:
710:
669:, planter and slaver (d. 1866)
1:
1703:. August 2003. Archived from
1678:Sheftall, John McKay (1977).
1659:. Jefferson, North Carolina:
1573:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1482:: CS1 maint: date and year (
780:
651:Georgia Historical Commission
100:Show map of the United States
97:Location in the United States
373:, which had been founded by
7:
1653:Russell, David Lee (2006).
1582:McCarthy, Kevin M. (1998).
1361:Krakow, Kenneth K. (1999).
1288:University of Georgia Press
1263:University of Georgia Press
691:
10:
2056:
1995:Destroyed populated places
1449:Georgia Historical Society
1341:Georgia Historical Society
1258:Georgia History in Outline
1236:. New Haven, Connecticut:
1219:
1158:. Jim Forte Postal History
716:Also spelled Medway River.
643:Sherman's March to the Sea
549:American Revolutionary War
520:, lived in Sunbury, while
386:Dorchester, South Carolina
307:George II of Great Britain
295:Province of South Carolina
283:
274:Sherman's March to the Sea
254:American Revolutionary War
2010:Former ports and harbours
1955:
1927:
1892:
1874:
1860:
1814:
1795:
1734:D. Appleton & Company
1556:The Dead Towns of Georgia
1493:"War of 1812 and Georgia"
1336:"Sunbury And Fort Morris"
1255:Coleman, Kenneth (1978).
655:Georgia historical marker
512:, a future signer of the
321:Establishment of the town
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37:
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23:
1525:New Georgia Encyclopedia
1498:New Georgia Encyclopedia
770:New Georgia Encyclopedia
703:
451:connecting it to nearby
359:unique system of squares
1784:Liberty County, Georgia
1661:McFarland & Company
1636:Mercer University Press
773:gives the year as 1798.
426:, wrote the following:
367:Liberty County, Georgia
353:, similar in layout to
231:Liberty County, Georgia
1868:
1724:Stevens, William Bacon
761:and a 1918 article in
530:St. Catherine's Island
433:
338:
330:
1866:
1607:Rhyne, Nancy (1994).
1588:. Sarasota, Florida:
1559:. Savannah, Georgia:
1344:. November 20, 2015.
1238:Yale University Press
667:James Hamilton Couper
633:and hit by two major
615:Intracoastal Waterway
428:
336:
328:
303:St. Catherine's Sound
205: • Summer (
182:20 ft (6 m)
129:31.76806°N 81.28056°W
1968:United States portal
1389:. January 27, 2014.
1283:A History of Georgia
2035:Province of Georgia
1210:Liberty County 2014
679:Maria Jane McIntosh
675:, major (1749–1779)
591:Greensboro, Georgia
518:governor of Georgia
506:American Revolution
500:American Revolution
424:governor of Georgia
343:architectural style
313:on the river and a
299:Province of Georgia
242:Province of Georgia
134:31.76806; -81.28056
125: /
67:Show map of Georgia
64:Location in Georgia
1869:
1634:. Macon, Georgia:
1383:"Sunbury Cemetery"
681:, writer (d. 1878)
639:American Civil War
603:a strong hurricane
475:. At one point, a
382:Congregationalists
339:
331:
317:were established.
278:American Civil War
1977:
1976:
1743:978-0-608-39968-3
1670:978-0-7864-2233-3
1645:978-0-86554-099-6
1620:978-0-89587-111-4
1599:978-1-56164-143-7
1469:978-0-598-90282-5
1297:978-0-8203-1269-9
1272:978-0-8203-0467-0
1247:978-0-300-10867-5
685:John Elliott Ward
579:George Washington
397:Sunbury-on-Thames
355:Savannah, Georgia
268:and two damaging
244:after becoming a
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1520:"Liberty County"
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522:Button Gwinnett
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494:William Bartram
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1755:
1749:
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1742:
1720:
1690:
1675:
1669:
1650:
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1625:
1619:
1604:
1598:
1579:
1548:
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1468:
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1430:
1403:
1387:Liberty County
1379:
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1332:
1302:
1296:
1277:
1271:
1252:
1246:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1202:
1200:, p. 102.
1190:
1169:
1156:"Post Offices"
1147:
1135:
1120:
1101:
1082:
1070:
1055:
1038:
1023:
1011:
986:
974:
957:
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938:, p. 196.
925:
913:
848:
831:
829:, p. 216.
785:
784:
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748:
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718:
708:
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676:
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661:Notable people
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626:
623:
569:
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363:tabby concrete
357:, which had a
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17:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
2052:
2041:
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2028:
2026:
2023:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
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2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1958:
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1954:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1942:Taylors Creek
1940:
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1932:
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1854:Walthourville
1852:
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1827:
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1794:
1789:United States
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1374:0-915430-00-2
1370:
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1194:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1178:
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1157:
1151:
1145:, p. 91.
1144:
1139:
1133:, p. 11.
1132:
1127:
1125:
1117:
1112:
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1106:
1098:
1093:
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1089:
1087:
1080:, p. 56.
1079:
1074:
1068:, p. 66.
1067:
1062:
1060:
1053:, p. 22.
1052:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1036:, p. 10.
1035:
1030:
1028:
1021:, p. 27.
1020:
1015:
1008:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
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993:
991:
983:
978:
972:, p. 48.
971:
966:
964:
962:
955:, p. 13.
954:
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947:
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871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
846:, p. 21.
845:
840:
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819:
817:
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625:Later history
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611:
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592:
588:
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557:George Walton
554:
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547:. During the
546:
545:Creek Indians
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412:port of entry
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393:
391:
387:
384:had lived in
383:
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318:
316:
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289:Early history
281:
279:
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267:
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259:
255:
252:. During the
251:
247:
246:port of entry
243:
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234:
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197:Eastern (EST)
194:
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150:United States
149:
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138:
110:Coordinates:
108:
79:
46:
36:
29:
22:
16:
1936:
1884:Fort Stewart
1803:
1728:
1712:. Retrieved
1705:the original
1700:
1680:
1655:
1630:
1609:
1584:
1555:
1534:. Retrieved
1523:
1507:. Retrieved
1496:
1458:
1444:
1438:
1422:. Retrieved
1411:
1395:. Retrieved
1386:
1363:
1350:. Retrieved
1339:
1324:. Retrieved
1309:
1282:
1257:
1232:
1205:
1198:Coleman 1991
1193:
1160:. Retrieved
1150:
1143:Coleman 1991
1138:
1131:Mallard 1918
1073:
1066:Coleman 1991
1034:Mallard 1918
1014:
1009:, p. 9.
1007:Mallard 1918
977:
970:Coleman 1991
953:Coleman 1978
923:, p. 8.
921:Mallard 1918
916:
768:
762:
756:
751:
742:
732:
726:
721:
712:
631:yellow fever
628:
607:
571:
538:
534:liberty pole
503:
434:
429:
420:James Wright
416:Lord Halifax
405:
394:
351:town squares
340:
315:trading post
292:
266:yellow fever
235:
222:
221:
15:
1929:Ghost towns
1896:communities
1799:County seat
1116:Walker 2018
1051:Clarke 2005
1019:Clarke 2005
936:Krakow 1999
844:Clarke 2005
827:Krakow 1999
641:as part of
599:county seat
595:post office
574:county seat
541:Fort Morris
481:plantations
469:West Indies
375:New England
276:during the
262:county seat
258:Fort Morris
132: /
1984:Categories
1839:Hinesville
1829:Flemington
1824:Allenhurst
1806:Hinesville
1186:Smith 2014
1078:Smith 1900
781:References
673:John Jones
653:erected a
635:hurricanes
510:Lyman Hall
457:Indigo dye
270:hurricanes
227:ghost town
120:81°16′50″W
32:Ghost town
1834:Gumbranch
1569:cite book
1478:cite book
1306:"Sunbury"
909:Love 2007
587:Brunswick
188:Time zone
179:Elevation
117:31°46′5″N
1919:Seabrook
1914:McIntosh
1909:Limerick
1849:Riceboro
1726:(1847).
1714:April 7,
1536:April 7,
1530:Archived
1509:April 7,
1503:Archived
1424:April 7,
1418:Archived
1397:June 21,
1391:Archived
1352:April 7,
1346:Archived
1326:April 7,
1320:Archived
1230:(2005).
1162:June 20,
692:See also
619:blockade
610:warships
490:planters
486:Riceboro
449:causeway
447:, and a
441:shingles
437:shipyard
378:Puritans
347:land lot
250:Savannah
240:for the
1937:Sunbury
1904:Fleming
1451:: 1–21.
1220:Sources
583:Augusta
526:justice
473:Bermuda
311:wharves
284:History
238:seaport
223:Sunbury
173:Liberty
161:Georgia
146:Country
1947:Willie
1844:Midway
1816:Cities
1740:
1667:
1642:
1617:
1596:
1466:
1371:
1294:
1269:
1244:
461:slaves
445:staves
422:, the
408:sloops
401:harbor
371:Midway
168:County
1708:(PDF)
1697:(PDF)
1447:(1).
704:Notes
477:canal
225:is a
216:(EDT)
214:UTC-4
193:UTC-5
156:State
1738:ISBN
1716:2022
1665:ISBN
1640:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1594:ISBN
1575:link
1538:2022
1511:2022
1484:link
1464:ISBN
1426:2022
1399:2021
1369:ISBN
1354:2022
1328:2022
1292:ISBN
1267:ISBN
1242:ISBN
1164:2019
585:and
516:and
443:and
390:rice
1876:CDP
229:in
207:DST
1986::
1802::
1787:,
1736:.
1699:.
1684:.
1663:.
1638:.
1592:.
1571:}}
1567:{{
1528:.
1522:.
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1480:}}
1476:{{
1445:II
1443:.
1437:.
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1290:.
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1240:.
1172:^
1123:^
1104:^
1085:^
1058:^
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989:^
960:^
943:^
928:^
851:^
834:^
789:^
621:.
508:.
418:,
392:.
280:.
1774:e
1767:t
1760:v
1746:.
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1166:.
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984:.
911:.
209:)
199:)
195:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
